推荐正确的刷牙方法

推荐正确的刷牙方法 推荐正确的刷牙方法(组图) 导读:本文为大家推荐了三种正确的刷牙方法，和刷牙的几点注意事项。如果你挑选好牙刷和牙膏，如果刷牙方式不正确，依然会伤害到牙齿或者牙龈，因而选择正确刷牙方式很重要。 一、短横刷法(又叫水平颤动法、Bass法) 图1 1)在刷牙齿的内(舌腭)、外(唇颊)两面时，将刷毛与牙齿长轴成45度角轻压，刷毛尖端进入牙与牙龈交界的牙龈沟内(图1)，水平颤动6-8次，颤动距离约1-2mm。 图2 2)在刷上下前牙内面时，可将牙刷竖起，用刷头尖端的刷毛作水平或垂直颤动6-8次(图2)。 application; infection and antibacterial drug of clinical application; transfusion refers to levy; nutrition support of adapted card and clinical application; common life support technology (as cycle breathing support, and nutrition support,) and emergency technology of application; common guardianship instrument using. Look: shock, cardiac respiratory arrest and acute organ failure, systemic inflammatory response syndrome and severe infection and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS), severe disturbance of body fluid environment such as critical theory and progress of the illness. 2. basic requirements (1) species and cases of study requirements: severe pneumonia in disease-disease myocardial infarction ... 3. high requirements (1) learning disease species: disease species disease species image radiation: rheumatic heart congenital heart intestinal Crohn's (Crohn) disease intestinal tuberculosis bile duct cancer chronic pancreatic inflammatory urinary system stone urinary system tumor adrenal disease thyroid disease cranial within infection nervous system tumor nuclear medical: Digest road bleeding explicit like brain blood flow perfusion explicit like testicular blood pool explicit like salivary glands explicit like (2) clinical knowledge, and skills requirements: understand various image check 图3 3)在刷牙齿的咬合面时，要加一定的压力，使牙刷毛尖端能进入咬合面的窝沟点隙中，沿牙弓的方向水平运动(图3)。 图4 4)应注意不要遗漏牙列中最末端牙的末端轴面(靠近咽喉的那面)，牙刷头尽量向里放，旋转刷头即可刷到(图4)。 这种刷牙方法对牙周疾病的预防有较好的效果(注意:这种刷牙方法因操作要求较高，切忌大幅度水平拉锯式横刷，拉锯式横刷可能造成牙齿表面的楔状缺损，这是一种常见的由于刷牙方法不当造成的牙体缺损。) 二、竖转动法(竖刷法) 刷牙齿的内、外面时，刷毛和牙长轴平行，刷毛指向牙龈，加压、顺着牙缝方向转动，刷上牙时从上往下刷，刷下牙时从下往上刷。通过牙-牙龈交界处要有力些，在同一部位重复5-6次。刷咬合面和牙列中最末端牙的末端轴面(靠近咽喉的那面)时要点与Bass法相同。这种方法对龋齿的预防效果较好。 三、改良Bass法 即以上两种方法结合使用，是目前认为比较有效的刷牙方法。 总而言之，无论哪种刷牙方法，都应强调面面俱到，即全面彻底的清洁牙齿。另外，每天刷牙至少两次，有条件的每次饭后都应刷牙。口腔医师建议:在能够正确掌握要领的情况下，尽量采用改良Bass法，否则以竖刷法为好。 application; infection and antibacterial drug of clinical application; transfusion refers to levy; nutrition support of adapted card and clinical application; common life support technology (as cycle breathing support, and nutrition support,) and emergency technology of application; common guardianship instrument using. Look: shock, cardiac respiratory arrest and acute organ failure, systemic inflammatory response syndrome and severe infection and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS), severe disturbance of body fluid environment such as critical theory and progress of the illness. 2. basic requirements (1) species and cases of study requirements: severe pneumonia in disease-disease myocardial infarction ... 3. high requirements (1) learning disease species: disease species disease species image radiation: rheumatic heart congenital heart intestinal Crohn's (Crohn) disease intestinal tuberculosis bile duct cancer chronic pancreatic inflammatory urinary system stone urinary system tumor adrenal disease thyroid disease cranial within infection nervous system tumor nuclear medical: Digest road bleeding explicit like brain blood flow perfusion explicit like testicular blood pool explicit like salivary glands explicit like (2) clinical knowledge, and skills requirements: understand various image check 有效刷牙应注意以下几点: 1、每天早晚各刷一次牙 正确方式:牙刷与牙齿保持45度角，最好画着圈刷;每次刷牙应至少2分钟。千万不能像„拉锯?一样刷，这会破坏牙齿表面的保护层，造成牙齿敏感。 2、买小管牙膏，一两月用完 尤其是已经开口的牙膏，最好在一两个月内用完。此外，尽量换着使用不同功效和品牌的牙膏，能发挥多方面的功效。 3、牙膏一厘米就够，含氟牙膏要减量 《中国居民口腔健康指南》指出，每次使用一厘米的牙膏，仔细刷到每一颗牙齿即可。美国马萨诸塞州牙科保健协会会长简?克罗克博士建议，特别是含氟牙膏，每次挤出豌豆粒大小即可。 4、别太迷信功效牙膏 牙膏只能在口中停留两三分钟，有限的药物成分随着泡沫吐出后，很难起到治疗作用。 健康牙膏如何选择 了解牙膏三特点 当前市面上牙膏的三大特点 一、牙膏的功能越来越全面 专家说，目前牙膏按功效可分为三类。 第一类是普通牙膏，主要成份包括磨擦剂、洁净剂、润湿剂、防腐剂、芳香剂，具有一般牙膏共有的作用，如果牙齿健康情况较好，选择普通牙膏即可。现在最多的是含氟牙膏，通过添加一些氟化物，达到预防龋齿、提高牙齿“抵抗力”的作用。因含氟牙膏的功效普遍获得认可，尤其在低氟地区，使用含氟牙膏很有必要。 第二类是中草药牙膏。许多民族企业，比如两面针、云南白药、田七等都推出了配方不同的牙膏。“这类牙膏主要是通过添加中药成分，起到辅助消炎杀菌、清新口气的作用。” application; infection and antibacterial drug of clinical application; transfusion refers to levy; nutrition support of adapted card and clinical application; common life support technology (as cycle breathing support, and nutrition support,) and emergency technology of application; common guardianship instrument using. Look: shock, cardiac respiratory arrest and acute organ failure, systemic inflammatory response syndrome and severe infection and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS), severe disturbance of body fluid environment such as critical theory and progress of the illness. 2. basic requirements (1) species and cases of study requirements: severe pneumonia in disease-disease myocardial infarction ... 3. high requirements (1) learning disease species: disease species disease species image radiation: rheumatic heart congenital heart intestinal Crohn's (Crohn) disease intestinal tuberculosis bile duct cancer chronic pancreatic inflammatory urinary system stone urinary system tumor adrenal disease thyroid disease cranial within infection nervous system tumor nuclear medical: Digest road bleeding explicit like brain blood flow perfusion explicit like testicular blood pool explicit like salivary glands explicit like (2) clinical knowledge, and skills requirements: understand various image check 第三类是特殊功效牙膏。比如美白牙膏，主要是加入了一些特殊的“摩擦颗粒”，能磨掉牙齿表面沉积的烟渍、茶渍，但是对四环素牙、氟斑牙等深层内源性色斑没有效果。还有一些美白牙膏，会加入具有净白效果的柠檬提取物;有些牙膏膏体为蓝色，则可以通过蓝色的泡沫达到暂时美白的“视觉效果”。再比如消炎牙膏，会加入消炎的化合物，比如三氯生，能够缓解牙龈、牙周炎症。这类牙膏不宜长使用，否则容易造成口腔菌群失调。还有最近比较火的抗敏牙膏，里面加入了钾盐，适合牙龈萎缩、牙齿神经敏感的人。 二、牙膏的色彩越来越丰富 十年前，我们用的牙膏基本都是白色的，而现在，红、绿、蓝、黄色都有，还有彩条、夹心、彩片等多种效果。有市民曾经表示:“有一次买了一管中药牙膏，竟然是深蓝色的，刷牙时满嘴的蓝沫，心里很难接受。”对此，专家表示，牙膏中添加的都是食用色素，对人体无害。不过，这些颜色对功效也没什么帮助，更多是为迎合消费者的需求。另外，有的牙膏质地是糊状的，有的是凝胶状的，其洁齿效果没有差别。 三、牙膏的口味越来越多 除了传统的薄荷香型、留兰香型，现在水果味和草本植物味道的牙膏也卖得很火。“这些一般是用各种香精调配出来的，也是为了满足不同消费者的需求，比如有些人觉得薄荷„辣嘴?，可以选择水果味的、茶香的。”专家说:“有人问过我，哪种香型的牙膏清新口气效果更好。其实都差不多。口气的清新来自于认真刷牙后，清除了牙菌斑和一些有害菌，而不是牙膏本身的香味。” 那么健康牙膏如何选择, 专家指出，牙膏并不是健康牙齿的法宝，而是刷牙的辅助用品，牙膏的基本作用是清洁口腔，美白、防蛀、脱敏、止血等功效都是辅助性的。对口腔健康的人来说，选择具有清洁功能的牙膏就行。 对于有龋齿的人，可选用氟化物牙膏，多年实践证明，氟化物与牙齿接触后，使牙齿组织中易被酸溶解的氢氧磷灰石形成不易溶的氟磷灰石，从而提高了牙齿的抗腐蚀能力。特别提示:3,4岁前的儿童不宜使用，因为1/8,1/4的牙膏可能被他们吞入胃中。 药用要搞有特殊的预防和治疗功效，但是在选择药用牙膏时，要注意:第一，牙膏在口内不能保持太长时间，即被漱出，使药物难以在短时间内发挥药效，而且专用药品剂量还必须避免刺激口内软组织，因而不能提高到足够的有效浓度，牙膏本身的作用，常被口内污物所阻或受形态特征限制，因而难以达到真正发病的区域。第二，牙膏中的药品，常因放置时间久而发生其它化学变化，失去原有的药效，有效药物又常因带有异味而不宜于放入牙膏中，此外还有药物耐药性的问题，这些因素都表明药物牙膏不宜长期使用一种，药物牙膏是一种良好的设想，但要真正达到预防口腔病的效果还有待于作一些深入研究。 因此，面对众多的牙膏品种，首先要了解各种牙膏的性能，不盲目轻信产品说明，最好找口腔专业医生咨询，以根据自己口腔的实际情况选择合适的牙膏。 application; infection and antibacterial drug of clinical application; transfusion refers to levy; nutrition support of adapted card and clinical application; common life support technology (as cycle breathing support, and nutrition support,) and emergency technology of application; common guardianship instrument using. Look: shock, cardiac respiratory arrest and acute organ failure, systemic inflammatory response syndrome and severe infection and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS), severe disturbance of body fluid environment such as critical theory and progress of the illness. 2. basic requirements (1) species and cases of study requirements: severe pneumonia in disease-disease myocardial infarction ... 3. high requirements (1) learning disease species: disease species disease species image radiation: rheumatic heart congenital heart intestinal Crohn's (Crohn) disease intestinal tuberculosis bile duct cancer chronic pancreatic inflammatory urinary system stone urinary system tumor adrenal disease thyroid disease cranial within infection nervous system tumor nuclear medical: Digest road bleeding explicit like brain blood flow perfusion explicit like testicular blood pool explicit like salivary glands explicit like (2) clinical knowledge, and skills requirements: understand various image check 中医爱牙护齿八种方法 1、爱牙齿，先养肾 中医认为，任何局部病症都与人整体的健康状况有关。牙齿健康则与肾脏的功能有着直接的关系。具体说来，易发生蛀牙、牙齿稀疏都和肾虚症有关，牙齿松动则是骨质疏松的标志之一。 古人说“百物养生、莫先固齿”，因此日常用旱莲草或甘草擦拭牙齿;用贝壳或山药、骨碎补等补肾的草药，磨粉后食用，前者清洁牙齿，后者补骨补钙。冬季正是养肾的黄金季节，可以利用这个时机好好养养肾，从根源上保障你的一口牙齿可以健康陪你度余生。 推荐健齿粥——牛膝生地黑豆粥 配方:牛膝12克，生地黄、熟地黄各15克(三味药用纱布包裹，粥成后挑出不用)，黑豆60克，粳米100克，煮成粥。 适合肾虚体质者。 牙齿小知识:人的一生有两副牙齿，一幅乳牙，一幅恒牙(恒牙共28,32个牙齿)。恒牙是不可再生的组织，尽管可以用假牙代替，但是假牙永远不可能如真牙一般感觉妥帖自如。 中医爱牙护齿八种方法 2、按摩穴位，缓解牙痛 针对不同类型的牙痛，可以通过按摩不同的穴位来缓解。 application; infection and antibacterial drug of clinical application; transfusion refers to levy; nutrition support of adapted card and clinical application; common life support technology (as cycle breathing support, and nutrition support,) and emergency technology of application; common guardianship instrument using. Look: shock, cardiac respiratory arrest and acute organ failure, systemic inflammatory response syndrome and severe infection and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS), severe disturbance of body fluid environment such as critical theory and progress of the illness. 2. basic requirements (1) species and cases of study requirements: severe pneumonia in disease-disease myocardial infarction ... 3. high requirements (1) learning disease species: disease species disease species image radiation: rheumatic heart congenital heart intestinal Crohn's (Crohn) disease intestinal tuberculosis bile duct cancer chronic pancreatic inflammatory urinary system stone urinary system tumor adrenal disease thyroid disease cranial within infection nervous system tumor nuclear medical: Digest road bleeding explicit like brain blood flow perfusion explicit like testicular blood pool explicit like salivary glands explicit like (2) clinical knowledge, and skills requirements: understand various image check ?对于突然袭来的牙痛，可以通过按摩合谷穴和颊车穴得到缓解。合谷穴位于虎口处，用一只手拇指的第一个关节横纹正对另一只手的虎口边，拇指屈曲按下，指尖所指处就是合谷穴。颊车穴位于颌骨边角向鼻子斜方向约1厘米处。 ?当咀嚼时咬肌隆起，按之凹陷处就是颊车穴。用拇指按住穴位，由轻渐重按压1,2分钟，可起到解痉止痛的作用。 ?实性牙疼(牙疼剧烈)时可以配合按摩内庭穴——位于足背第二三趾间缝隙处。 ?虚性牙疼(牙疼时隐时现)时配合按摩太溪穴——位于脚踝踝骨尖与跟腱之间的中点凹陷处。 3、按摩牙龈，牙齿更健康 每天晚饭后洗净手指，用食指上下旋转按摩牙龈，排除龈沟及牙周分泌物，可改善牙龈内血液循环，提高牙周组织抵抗力。坚持这种方法还可有效防止牙周病。 4、每日叩齿30下，牙齿更坚固 大文豪苏轼到晚年时仍拥有一口好牙，据说他有一个陪伴一生的好习惯——每天叩齿30下。中医养生学家认为叩齿是一种简单有效的护牙方法——闲暇时或三餐后，让上下牙齿有节奏地碰撞，略闻声响，连续30下，既可以活动面部肌肉，又可以保护牙齿。中医还建议人们在大便时闭目、叩齿，以达到坚固牙齿的作用。 5、虚实牙周病，辨证对待 中医认为，牙病的症状也能反映身体虚实。比如牙周病，在中医领域就有虚性和实性之分。虚性牙周炎除了表现为牙根酸胀，隐隐作痛外，还有腰肌酸痛、头痛、乏力等肾虚症状。实性牙周炎除表现为牙龈红肿、出血，或剧烈牙痛外，还有大小便颜色变深、口臭等胃火症状。因此，要不同情况区别对待。 ?对于龋齿或牙龈肿痛、出血等实性牙周病，可用牙签调取少量云南白药粉或碾碎的六神丸，加1滴开水，将药粉调成糊状，涂在龋洞内和牙周、牙龈上，可消肿、止血、止痛; ?对于虚性牙周病，可用白酒10克，食盐1克搅拌，温热后用棉花蘸取酒液，咬在牙齿间，能暂时减轻牙痛。或者用花椒水含在嘴里漱口，可消炎止痛。 6、利用好唾液的自然保护功能 中医认为，唾液是口腔里的天然清洗剂。用舌头在口腔里搅动1分钟，就能产生丰富的唾液，含漱片刻后徐徐咽下，让口腔自净是护齿的好方法。另外，如果感觉自己口腔干燥，除了及时补水外，还可以含2片甘草或一枚话梅，以刺激唾液的分泌。 7、爱牙，就从每次漱口开始 application; infection and antibacterial drug of clinical application; transfusion refers to levy; nutrition support of adapted card and clinical application; common life support technology (as cycle breathing support, and nutrition support,) and emergency technology of application; common guardianship instrument using. Look: shock, cardiac respiratory arrest and acute organ failure, systemic inflammatory response syndrome and severe infection and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS), severe disturbance of body fluid environment such as critical theory and progress of the illness. 2. basic requirements (1) species and cases of study requirements: severe pneumonia in disease-disease myocardial infarction ... 3. high requirements (1) learning disease species: disease species disease species image radiation: rheumatic heart congenital heart intestinal Crohn's (Crohn) disease intestinal tuberculosis bile duct cancer chronic pancreatic inflammatory urinary system stone urinary system tumor adrenal disease thyroid disease cranial within infection nervous system tumor nuclear medical: Digest road bleeding explicit like brain blood flow perfusion explicit like testicular blood pool explicit like salivary glands explicit like (2) clinical knowledge, and skills requirements: understand various image check 漱口水并非舶来品，中国人自古就有自己的漱口良方:用风化硝、白矾、食盐各3克，加水200毫升，煮开后放冷备用。每天早晚饭后，将煮好的药汁和温开水按2:1的比例混匀漱口，可预防牙周疾病、减少口气的发生。 护齿提醒:如果你需要经常参加酒会，那么每次酒会后都应用温水、茶水或者苏打水漱口。因为果汁、果酒和碳酸饮料都对牙齿有一定的腐蚀性，长期附着在牙齿表面势必增加患上齿科疾病的几率。 8、牙龈出问题，检点肠胃功能 中医发现牙龈问题与肠胃功能之间有关联。 牙龈红肿、出血很可能是胃火上炎引起的，也与疲劳、免疫力下降等因素有关。因此，中医爱牙强调固本扶正。平时里应该多吃核桃、豆制品、奶酪、海产品等强肾健骨的食物。有胃火症状的人，可以多吃一些芝麻莴笋丝(莴笋丝用开水焯一下或温盐水泡一下，撒上黑芝麻、盐、香油，拌匀即可)，西瓜翠衣(将西瓜去掉薄薄的皮，用西瓜绿色瓜瓤部分凉拌或做汤)，芦根汤(30,50克芦根煮水)等。 提醒:秋冬季节饮食应清淡，少吃辛辣高热食品，避免引起上火，殃及牙龈健康。 另外，长期吃精致的甜点不仅不利肠道健康，还容易在牙齿缝隙中留下“甜蜜的隐患”。从爱牙的角度上看，吃质地较硬的食物更为有益。可以选择有咬劲的食物如玉米、海带、牛肉干，搭配苹果片、葡萄干和西芹条当零食，咀嚼这些食物的过程就是一次牙齿的自动清洁。 9月21日邀请徐汇区儿保所的医生来园位家长做“爱牙日”的咨询活动，幼儿园还向家长发放了保护牙齿的宣传资料。在咨询会上，许多家长都带领孩子前来咨询，他们就如何正确保护幼儿牙齿,幼儿换牙期应注意什么,发现龋齿该如何正确处理,等问题请教了医生。医生们建议:除了注意孩子日常的口腔卫生，养成早晚刷牙的好习惯外，还要鼓励孩子合理的饮食，多吃粗粮、粗纤维的食物及蔬菜水果，蛋白质、钙质也要均衡搭配，少吃零食和甜食。定期检查孩子的牙齿，发现龋齿应及时带去医院诊治，有效控制病情发展。 “爱牙活动”也是上中路幼儿园日常保教工作内容之一。饭后漱口;中大班幼儿学习刷牙操并由保健老师每月定期检查;定期帮幼儿做牙齿健康检查，对龋齿做到早预防、早发现、早治疗 application; infection and antibacterial drug of clinical application; transfusion refers to levy; nutrition support of adapted card and clinical application; common life support technology (as cycle breathing support, and nutrition support,) and emergency technology of application; common guardianship instrument using. Look: shock, cardiac respiratory arrest and acute organ failure, systemic inflammatory response syndrome and severe infection and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS), severe disturbance of body fluid environment such as critical theory and progress of the illness. 2. basic requirements (1) species and cases of study requirements: severe pneumonia in disease-disease myocardial infarction ... 3. high requirements (1) learning disease species: disease species disease species image radiation: rheumatic heart congenital heart intestinal Crohn's (Crohn) disease intestinal tuberculosis bile duct cancer chronic pancreatic inflammatory urinary system stone urinary system tumor adrenal disease thyroid disease cranial within infection nervous system tumor nuclear medical: Digest road bleeding explicit like brain blood flow perfusion explicit like testicular blood pool explicit like salivary glands explicit like (2) clinical knowledge, and skills requirements: understand various image check 2011年全国爱牙日的主题为:健康口腔，幸福家庭;呵护孩子，预防龋齿。该主题包括四方面的内容——家庭在口腔保健中的作用，口腔健康的标准，龋齿对儿童的危害，儿童龋齿的预防。 一、2011年全国爱牙日活动主题: 主题:健康口腔，幸福家庭 副主题:呵护孩子，预防龋齿 二、主题信息 (一)家庭在口腔保健中的重要作用 口腔疾病是与人的生活状况和行为习惯密切相关的常见病和多发病，影响着人一生的健康。家庭作为社会生活的基本单位，承担着抚养子女、养老、传递人类文明和社会规范、健康保健和教育等功能。因此，家庭在预防口腔疾病和口腔保健中发挥着重要作用。 家庭口腔保健与家庭教育应当紧密结合。家庭教育与社会教育和学校教育可以互补，有良好生活习惯养成的互动性、血缘关系的亲密性、亲子教育的早期性、持久性等特点，可以在口腔保健知识的普及应用方面发挥作用。 家庭口腔保健在家庭成员间有良好的示范性。良好的口腔保健习惯会让每一位家庭成员受益。应当在家庭生活中营造良好的爱牙环境，早晚刷牙，饭后漱口，掌握正确刷牙方法，使用含氟牙膏，定期作口腔健康检查等，让爱牙好习惯代代相传。 家庭口腔保健可以提高父母关爱孩子口腔健康的能力。父母是儿童健康成长的第一责任人，对儿童的口腔保健负有应尽的义务。婴幼儿的口腔完全依靠父母来护理，儿童的口腔健康状况也和父母的重视程度有很大关系。家长的防龋意识、防龋掌握程度以及家长自身的口腔健康状况与儿童龋病的发生发展密切相关。第三次全国口腔健康流行病学调查结果显示，我国5岁儿童的乳牙患龋率为66%，在世界处于较高水平，12岁儿童的恒牙患龋率也达到29%，而对家长的问卷调查结果显示，只有49%的家长知道含氟牙膏，仅9%的家长能够每天帮助孩子刷牙。因此，向父母宣传口腔健康知识，提高他们的爱牙意识，关爱孩子的口腔健康至关重要。家庭口腔保健要从“呵护孩子，预防龋齿”做起。 (二)口腔健康的标准和家庭口腔保健基本内容 1、口腔健康的标准。1979年世界卫生组织对口腔健康的定义是:牙齿清洁，无龋洞，无痛感，牙龈颜色正常，无出血现象。 2、家庭口腔保健基本内容 (1)家庭成员每人早晚刷牙，饭后漱口，使用保健牙刷和含氟牙膏。 (2)家长监督或帮助儿童刷牙。 application; infection and antibacterial drug of clinical application; transfusion refers to levy; nutrition support of adapted card and clinical application; common life support technology (as cycle breathing support, and nutrition support,) and emergency technology of application; common guardianship instrument using. Look: shock, cardiac respiratory arrest and acute organ failure, systemic inflammatory response syndrome and severe infection and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS), severe disturbance of body fluid environment such as critical theory and progress of the illness. 2. basic requirements (1) species and cases of study requirements: severe pneumonia in disease-disease myocardial infarction ... 3. high requirements (1) learning disease species: disease species disease species image radiation: rheumatic heart congenital heart intestinal Crohn's (Crohn) disease intestinal tuberculosis bile duct cancer chronic pancreatic inflammatory urinary system stone urinary system tumor adrenal disease thyroid disease cranial within infection nervous system tumor nuclear medical: Digest road bleeding explicit like brain blood flow perfusion explicit like testicular blood pool explicit like salivary glands explicit like (2) clinical knowledge, and skills requirements: understand various image check (3)家庭成员能够做到科学吃糖，少喝碳酸饮料。 (4)帮助儿童克服吮咬、吐舌、口呼吸等不良习惯。 (5)家庭成员了解《中国居民口腔健康指南》内容。 (6)家庭成员每人每年至少进行一次口腔健康检查，检查中发现的问题应当及时接受相应的预防和治疗措施，如局部用氟、窝沟封闭、龋齿充填、牙周洁治、义齿修复等。 (三)龋齿对儿童健康的危害 龋齿(俗称虫牙或蛀牙)是儿童最常见的口腔疾病。龋齿对儿童的危害表现在: 1、疼痛。龋齿遇酸、甜、冷、热等刺激时会感到疼痛不适，影响进食和睡眠;龋齿进一步发展侵犯牙髓后疼痛十分明显，严重时还会出现牙龈、面部肿胀，甚至高热等全身症状，严重影响儿童正常生长发育。 2、咀嚼困难。龋齿可导致儿童咀嚼困难，影响孩子进食多纤维的蔬菜和肉食，形成偏食等不良饮食习惯，造成营养不均衡;由于龋齿造成的偏侧咀嚼，还可导致双侧面部发育不对称。 3、乳牙龋齿影响恒牙。乳牙龋齿不及时治疗可影响恒牙的正常发育，可造成恒牙萌出障碍和牙列不齐。 4、心理影响。由于龋齿对言语、美观等功能的影响，会引起儿童社会交往困难和心理障碍，影响儿童身心健康。 (四)儿童龋齿的预防方法 1、早晚刷牙，饭后漱口。刷牙能去除牙菌斑、软垢和食物残渣，饭后漱口也可去除口腔内的食物残渣，保持口腔清洁。指导儿童刷牙的要点有: (1)早晚两次刷牙，晚上睡前刷牙更重要。 (2)选用适合儿童年龄的保健牙刷，每3个月更换一次。 (3)做到一人一刷一口杯。 (4)儿童学习刷牙，家长应当帮助和监督。 2、局部用氟预防龋齿。氟是人体健康所必需的一种微量元素，摄入适量氟可以减少牙齿被酸溶解和促进牙齿再矿化、抑制口腔微生物生长，预防龋齿的发生。氟化物防龋措施适宜在低氟地区、适氟地区以及在龋齿高发地区的高危人群中应用。指导儿童局部使用氟化物防龋的要点有: application; infection and antibacterial drug of clinical application; transfusion refers to levy; nutrition support of adapted card and clinical application; common life support technology (as cycle breathing support, and nutrition support,) and emergency technology of application; common guardianship instrument using. Look: shock, cardiac respiratory arrest and acute organ failure, systemic inflammatory response syndrome and severe infection and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS), severe disturbance of body fluid environment such as critical theory and progress of the illness. 2. basic requirements (1) species and cases of study requirements: severe pneumonia in disease-disease myocardial infarction ... 3. high requirements (1) learning disease species: disease species disease species image radiation: rheumatic heart congenital heart intestinal Crohn's (Crohn) disease intestinal tuberculosis bile duct cancer chronic pancreatic inflammatory urinary system stone urinary system tumor adrenal disease thyroid disease cranial within infection nervous system tumor nuclear medical: Digest road bleeding explicit like brain blood flow perfusion explicit like testicular blood pool explicit like salivary glands explicit like (2) clinical knowledge, and skills requirements: understand various image check (1)使用含氟牙膏要注意用量。学龄前儿童使用含氟牙膏刷牙每次用量为豌豆粒大小，应当在家长或老师的监督指导下应用，以防误吞。不要给孩子使用成人牙膏。 (2)接受专业机构提供的局部用氟措施。家长可带儿童到医疗机构或在幼儿园和学校接受由专业机构和人员提供的局部用氟防龋措施。 3、窝沟封闭预防窝沟龋。窝沟封闭是预防恒磨牙窝沟龋的最有效方法。窝沟封闭技术无痛、无创伤、安全简便。窝沟封闭的最佳时机是儿童牙冠完全萌出，龋齿尚未发生的时候，一般第一恒磨牙在6-9岁，第二恒磨牙在11-13岁。窝沟封闭后还应当好好刷牙，如果发现封闭剂脱落应当重新封闭。指导儿童接受窝沟封闭的要点: (1)如果当地政府提供免费窝沟封闭，家长要主动带孩子到政府指定的医疗机构接受检查和窝沟封闭。 (2)如果当地政府还没有开展免费窝沟封闭项目，家长也应当主动带孩子到有资质的医疗机构进行检查和窝沟封闭。 4、养成良好饮食习惯。健康的饮食结构和良好的饮食习惯是口腔健康和全身健康的基础，养成良好的饮食习惯会使儿童终生受益。 (1)母乳喂养，正确使用奶瓶。 (2)科学吃糖，少喝碳酸饮料，睡前刷牙后不再进食。 (3)多吃纤维性食物，增强咀嚼功能。 5、定期口腔检查，及早治疗龋齿。龋齿的发生和进展缓慢，早期没有症状，不易察觉，出现症状已经到了中晚期，治疗起来复杂，患者遭受的痛苦大，花费多，治疗效果也不如早期治疗好。因此，家长要定期带孩子到医疗机构进行口腔健康检查，对儿童口腔疾病做到早预防、早诊断、早治疗。提倡儿童每6个月接受一次口腔健康检查。 爱牙齿，关注儿童身体健康 小牙齿也有大学问，一旦它们出现了健康危机会打乱我们的生活节奏。我们幼儿园就此开展了爱牙日宣传活动，以提高幼儿的口腔卫生为目标，旨在让家长关心孩子牙齿、让幼儿学习自我保护牙齿的方法，减少孩子的龋齿率。 你看，我们老师在用牙齿模型为小朋友们耐心的讲解和演示正确的刷牙方式，将刷牙的方法编成口诀，便于小朋友们记忆。在场的小朋友十分活跃，很快掌握了正确的刷牙方法，意识到刷牙的重要性。 保健老师还解答家长们提出的各种爱牙护牙问题，每天二次刷牙，饭后漱口，帮助幼儿学会正确的刷牙方法。经常关心孩子的口腔卫生状况，定期检查孩子的牙齿，发现龋齿应及时带去医院诊治，有效控制病情发展。我们园还将举办爱牙小知识有奖问答，开展有关口腔构造的演示宣传、并举办好牙大比拼、儿童刷牙比赛等特色活动。 application; infection and antibacterial drug of clinical application; transfusion refers to levy; nutrition support of adapted card and clinical application; common life support technology (as cycle breathing support, and nutrition support,) and emergency technology of application; common guardianship instrument using. Look: shock, cardiac respiratory arrest and acute organ failure, systemic inflammatory response syndrome and severe infection and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS), severe disturbance of body fluid environment such as critical theory and progress of the illness. 2. basic requirements (1) species and cases of study requirements: severe pneumonia in disease-disease myocardial infarction ... 3. high requirements (1) learning disease species: disease species disease species image radiation: rheumatic heart congenital heart intestinal Crohn's (Crohn) disease intestinal tuberculosis bile duct cancer chronic pancreatic inflammatory urinary system stone urinary system tumor adrenal disease thyroid disease cranial within infection nervous system tumor nuclear medical: Digest road bleeding explicit like brain blood flow perfusion explicit like testicular blood pool explicit like salivary glands explicit like (2) clinical knowledge, and skills requirements: understand various image check application; infection and antibacterial drug of clinical application; transfusion refers to levy; nutrition support of adapted card and clinical application; common life support technology (as cycle breathing support, and nutrition support,) and emergency technology of application; common guardianship instrument using. Look: shock, cardiac respiratory arrest and acute organ failure, systemic inflammatory response syndrome and severe infection and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS), severe disturbance of body fluid environment such as critical theory and progress of the illness. 2. basic requirements (1) species and cases of study requirements: severe pneumonia in disease-disease myocardial infarction ... 3. high requirements (1) learning disease species: disease species disease species image radiation: rheumatic heart congenital heart intestinal Crohn's (Crohn) disease intestinal tuberculosis bile duct cancer chronic pancreatic inflammatory urinary system stone urinary system tumor adrenal disease thyroid disease cranial within infection nervous system tumor nuclear medical: Digest road bleeding explicit like brain blood flow perfusion explicit like testicular blood pool explicit like salivary glands explicit like (2) clinical knowledge, and skills requirements: understand various image check