高三英语材料之阅读理解

高三英语材料之阅读理解 阅读理解1 A Besides entertainment and beautiful lanterns, another important part of the Lantern Festival ,or Yuanxiao Festival is eating small dumpling balls made of glutinous rice flour. We call these balls Yuanxiao or Tangyuan. Obviously, they get the name from the festival itself. It is said that the custom of eating Yuanxiao originated during the Eastern Jin Dynasty in the fourth century, then became popular during the Tang and Song periods. The fillings inside the dumplings or Yuansiao are either sweet or salty. Sweet fillings are made of sugar, Walnuts, sesame(芝麻), osmanthus flowers(桂花), rose petals, sweetened tangerine(橘子)peel, bean paste, or jujube paste(枣子酱). A single ingredient or any combination can be used as the filling . The salty variety is filled with minced meat(肉末儿), vegetables or a mixture. The way to make Yuanxiao also varies between northern and southern China. The usual method followed in southern provinces is to shape the dough of rice flour into balls, make a hole, insert the filling, then close the hole and smooth out the dumpling by rolling it between your hands. In North China, sweet or nutmeat stuffing is the usual ingredient. The fillings are pressed into hardened cores, dipped lightly in water and rolled in a flat basket containing dry glutinous rice flour. A layer of the flour sticks to the filling, which is then again dipped in water and rolled a second time in the rice flour. And so it goes, like rolling a snowball, until the dumpling is the desired size. The custom of eating Yuanxiao dumplings remains. This tradition encourages both old and new stores to promote their Yuanxiao products. They all try their best to improve the taste and quality of the dumplings to attract more customers. 1.Which of the following is NOT true? A(The custom of eating Yuanxiao dates back to the fourth century. B(Sugar, rose petals and minced meat are all fillings of Yuanxiao. C(Sweet Yuanxiao are usually made in southern China. D(People in northern China usually make Yuanxiao by rolling like a snowball. 2.Which country does the Lantern Festival come from? A(China B(South Korea C(Jin Dynasty D(Tang and Song periods. 3.Choose the right order of making Tangyuan in southern provinces. ? make a hole and insert the filling ? roll the dough between your hands ? shape the dough of rice flour into balls ? close the hole ? prepare some rice flour A(????? B(????? C(????? D(????? 4.What is the best title of this passage? A(The Lantern Festival 1 B(The ingredients of Yuanxiao C(The difference between Yuanxiao and Tangyuan. D(China’s traditional food—Yuanxiao. 5.Why do we eat Yuanxiao today? A(Because it’s a tradition. B(Because it’s a tasty food. C(Because we love our country. D(Because this food can make money. B Everyone becomes a little more forgetful as they get older, but men's minds decline more than women's, according to the results of a worldwide survey. Certain differences seem to be inherent in male and female brains: Men are better at maintaining and dealing with mental images (useful in mathematical reasoning and spatial skills), while women tend to excel (擅长) at recalling information from their brain's files (helpful with language skills and remembering the locations of objects). Many studies have looked for a connection between sex and the amount of mental decline (衰退) people experience as they age, but the results have been mixed. Some studies found more age-related decline in men than in women, while others saw the opposite or even no relationship at all between sex and mental decline. Those results could be improper because the studies involved older people, and women live longer than men: The men tested are the survivors, "so they're the ones that may not have shown such cognitive decline," said study team leader Elizabeth of the University of Warwick in England. People surveyed completed four tasks that tested sex-related cognitive skills: matching an object to its rotated form, matching lines shown from the same angle, typing as many words in a particular category (范畴) as possible in the given time, e.g. "object usually colored gray", and recalling the location of objects in a line drawing. The first two were tasks at which men usually excel; the latter are typically dominated by women. Within each age group studied, men and women performed better in their separate categories on average. And though performance declined with age for both genders, women showed obviously less decline than men overall. 1. The underlined word in the second paragraph means_________. A(natural B(great C(obvious D(absolute 2(According to the passage, which of the following can Not be typed into the same category? A(cloud B(sheep C(trees D(goose 3(Which of the following statements is true according the article? A(Men do better than women when it comes to learning English. B(Women stand out at remembering people’s names. C(Men excel at typing as many words in a particular category as possible in the given time. D(Women excel at dealing mathematic problems. 4(One important factor that affects the correctness of the results is that _________. 2 A(the old men tested may not have shown such cognitive decline B(people surveyed are all old C(people taking part in this test came from all over the world D(women live longer than men 5(The author aims to tell us that __________. A(women’s minds perform better than men’s B(men’s minds decline more with age C(everyone becomes a little more forgetful as they get older D(a survey on human’s mind decline was done recently C 9.5) of the 20th century happened on May The largest earthquake ( magnitude里氏 22, 1960 off the coast of South Central Chile. It generated(生成) one of the most destructive Pacific-wide tsunamis(海啸). Near the generating area, both the earthquake and the tsunami were very much destructive, particularly in the coastal area from Concepcion to the south end of Isla Chiloe. The largest tsunami damage occurred at Isla Chiloe---the coastal area closest to the epicenter(震中). Huge tsunami waves measuring as high as 25 meters arrived within 10 to 15 minutes after the earthquake, killing at least two hundred people, sinking all the boats, and flooding half a kilometer inland. There was large damage and loss of life at Concepcion, Chile's top industrial city. Near the city of Valdivia, the earthquake and following aftershocks generated landslides which killed 18 people. At the port city of Valparaiso, a city of 200,000, many buildings collapsed. A total of 130,000 houses were destroyed --- one in every three in the earthquake zone and nearly 2,000,000 people were left homeless. Total damage losses, including to agriculture and to industry, were estimated(估计) to be over a half billion dollars . The total number of death related with both the tsunami and the earthquake was never found accurately for the region. Estimates of deaths reached between 490 to 5,7002 with no distinction(差别) as to how many deaths were caused by the earthquake and how many were caused by the tsunami. However, it is believed that most of the deaths in Chile were caused by the tsunami. 1. Where did the largest sunami damage occurred? A.Concepcion B.IslaChiloe C(Valdivia D(Valparaiso 2(What can we learn about the tsunami waves generated by the earthquake? A(The tsunami waves as high as 25 meters arrived immediately after the earthquake. B(The tsunami waves killed 200 people and sank all boats. C(The tsunami waves were very destructive. D(The tsunami waves flooded half of the inland. 3(What is generally thought the main cause of deaths in Chile? A(landslides B(the tsunami C(aftershocks D(the magnitude 9.5 earthquake 4(What is the total number of deaths in the earthquake? A(2,000,000 B(between 490 to 5,7002 C(200,000 D(it was hard to know. 5(What does the underlined word “collapsed” probably mean ? 3 A(was destroyed B(caught fire C(was flooded D(sank D The British National Health Service (NHS) was set up in 1948 and was designed to provide equal basic health care, free of charge, for everybody in the country. Before this time health care had to be paid for by individuals. Nowadays central government is directly responsible for the NHS although it is administered by local health authorities. About 83 percent of the cost of the health service is paid for by general taxation and the rest is met from the National Insurance contributions paid by those in work. There are charges for prescription and dental care but many people, such as children, pregnant women, pensioners, and those on Income Support, are exempt from payment. Most people are registered with a local doctor (a GP, or General Practitioner) who is increasingly likely to be part of a health centre which serves the community. As the population of Britain gets older, the hospital service now treats more patients than before, although patients spend less time in hospital. NHS hospitals—many of which were built in the nineteenth century—provide nearly half a million beds and have over 480, 000 medical staff. The NHS is the biggest employer in Europe although Britain actually spends less per person on health care than most of her European neighbours. During the 1980s there was considerable restructuring of the Health Service with an increased emphasis on managerial efficiency and the privatization of some services (for example, cleaning). At the end of the 1980s the government introduced proposals for further reform of the NHS, including allowing some hospitals to be self-governing, and encouraging GPs to compete for patients. Patients would be able to choose and change their family doctor more easily and GPs would have more financial responsibility. The political questions continue of how much money should be provided to support the NHS and where it should come from. 1. We can know from the first paragraph that ______. A. the original aim of the NHS was to provide equal basic health care for everybody B. people didn’t have to pay for health care since the NHS was set up C. patients were charged for receiving health care before 1948 D. the NHS was an organization which gave free advice to villagers 2. What do we know about the NHS? A. It’s managed by the central government. B. Its cost is mainly paid for by the National Insurance contributions. C. It hires more people than any other unit in Europe. D. Fewer patients go to its hospitals than before because they spend less on health care. 3 All the following statements about GPs are true except that they ______. A. take care of the local people’s health B. often take part in competitions to see who is the best C. work under high pressure nowadays D. have more responsibilities than before 4. What does the underlined word “exempt” probably mean? 4 A. suffering B. different C. prevented D. free 5. The biggest problem for the NHS is ______. A. many hospitals are too old to be used B. some services are in the charge of individuals C. more and more patients go to GPs for treatment D. there is not enough money for further reform 1,【参考】 1.答案:C。解析:文中没有提到只有南方人吃甜元宵。要特别注意干中的NOT一词。 考点:综合细节题。 2.答案:A。解析:第一段中说明它起源于金代，盛行于唐宋，说明是中国的。 考点:简单推测题。 3.答案:D。解析:prepare some rice flour文中未提，但应该在前。 考点:细节顺序题。 4.答案:D。解析:文中说了元宵的起源、制作材料和以及流行情况，只有D能概括全 文。考点:主旨大意。 5.答案:A。解析:文中显示我们吃元宵主要是因为它是传统 2..【参考答案】 1(答案:A。解析:男女大脑的思维在某些方面的差异是天生固有的。 考点:词意猜测。 2(答案:C。解析:根据文章第五段可推断出选项中这类物体是以白色为限定范畴的。 考点:推理判断。 3(答案:B。解析:男性在推理和空间思维方面占优势，女性在提取大脑中储存的记忆信息方面 占优势。 考点:推理判断。 4(答案:A。解析:根据文章第四段可知。文章只是说调查涉及到老年人，但并不都是老年 人，故排除B。选项D不是造成调查结果不准确的原因。 考点:细节理解。 5(答案:B。解析:根据文章第一段可知。 考点:主旨理解。 3.【参考答案】 1(答案:B。解析:从文章第二段第三行“the largest tsunami damage occurred at Isla Chiloe---the coastal area closest to the epicenter(震中).”可以得到答案。 考点:细节理解。 2(答案:C。解析:考察文章第二段的最后几句。A选项不是arrived immediately而是10-15 分钟以后到来。B选项为至少200人，D选项不是half of the inland而是half a kilometer，故以上3个选项均有误。 考点:细节理解。 3(答案:B。解析:最后一段的最后一句“However, it is believed that most of the deaths in Chile were caused by the tsunami.”说明本题答案。 考点:主旨理解。 4(答案:D解析:2,000,000为无家可归人的数目;200,000为the city of Valparaiso的人口数。 490 to 5,7002为地震和海啸共同导致的死亡数。考点:细节理解。 5(答案:A。 由本段的下一句A total of 130,000 houses were destroyed可以推测出答案。 1. C 细节理解题。根据最后一句可知。建立国家保健中心的最初目的是为农村居民提供免费的基本健康护理,而不是针对所有的人,所以前两项错误。 5 2. C 细节理解题。根据第4段“The NHS is the biggest employer in Europe…”可知。从第二 段第一句可以看出国家保健中心由中央政府直接负责,但由地方当局管理,所以A项错误。 3. B 细节理解题。根据最后一段话“and encouraging GPs to compete for patients”可知政府鼓 励全科医生之间相互竞争,而不是让他们进行竞赛,看谁的医术高明。 4. D 猜测词义题。前面提到医生开药方及给病人治疗牙病需要收费,再结合but一词可推断 儿童、孕妇等可享受免费治疗。 5. D 细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句可知。 阅读理解2 Many animal and plant species have become extinct(灭绝的)and many more are in critical danger. Finding ways to protect the earth's wildlife and conserve(保护)the natural world they inhabit(居住)is now more important than ever. Dodo The Dodo is a classic example of how human caused damage to the earth's biology. The flightless Dodo was native to the Island of Mauritius in the Indian Ocean. It lived off fruit fallen from the island's trees and lived unthreatened until humans arrived in 1505. The easily controlled bird became a source of food for sailors and was attacked by animals introduced to the island by humans such as pigs, monkeys and rats. The population of Dodos rapidly decreased and last one was killed in 1681. Rhinos The Rhino(犀牛)horn is a highly priced item for Asian medicine. This has led to the animal being hunted in its natural habitat. Once widespread in Africa and Eurasia, most rhinos now live in protected natural parks and reserves(保护区). Their numbers have rapidly decreased in the last 50 years, and the animals remain under constant threat from poachers(偷猎者). The Giant Panda The future of the World Wildlife Fund's symbol is far from certain. As few as 1000 remain in the wild( The Chinese government has set up 33 panda reserves to protect these beautiful animals and made poaching them punishable with 20 years in prison. However, The panda's distinct black and white patched coat fetches a high price on the black market and determined poachers still pose(造成)one of the most serious threats to the animals continued existence. Whales The International Whaling Commission is fighting to ensure the survival of the whale species. Despite the fact that one-third the world's oceans have been declared whale sanctuaries(保护区), 7 out of 13 whale species remain endangered( Hunted for their rich supply of oil, their numbers have decreased to just 300. Collisions(碰撞)with ships, poisonous pollution and being caught in fishing nets are other major causes of whale deaths. Tigers The last 100 years has seen a 95% reduction in the numbers of remaining tigers to between 5000 and 7000 and the Bali, Javan, and Caspian tigers are already extinct. The South China tiger is precariously close to disappearing, with only 20 to 30 still alive. Like the Rhino horn, tigers’ bones and organs are sought after for traditional Chinese medicines. These items are traded illegally along with tiger skins. 1. It implies that _______. A(The Dodo lacked the ability to protect itself from other animals B(Sailors to the Island of Mauritius lived mainly on the Dodo C(The Dodo used to be a strong animal that liked fighting 6 D( The Dodo, pigs, monkeys and rats were the natives to the Island of Mauritius 2. Which group of the following animals has already ceased to exist according to the text? A(The Dodo, Rhino and Giant Panda( B(The Rhino, Whale and South China Tiger. C(The Rhino, Panda, Whale and Tiger. D(The Dodo and the Bali, Javan, and Caspian tigers. 3. ______ can serve as a cure for certain diseases. A(The whale’s rich oil B(The panda's black and white patched coat C(The Rhino horn and tigers’ bones and organs D( The Dodo’s delicious meat 4. Which of the following statements is NOT true? A(The number of South China tigers has reached crisis point. B(Many animals are threatened with extinction as a result of human activity. C(People hunt for the endangered animals for high profit. D, The Whale is the representing mark for the World Wildlife Fund, 5. What is the best title for the passage? A. What caused the animals to go extinct? B. Animal Conservation C. Extinct Animals D. Endangered Animals Academy Awards The Academy Awards are the most prominent film award in the United States,The Awards are granted by the Academy of Motin Picture Arts and Sciences,Academy Awards are nicknamed “Oscars”, which is also the nickname of the statuette,小雕像，,The name is said to have been born when Margaret Herrick saw the statuette on a table and said: It looks just like my uncle Oscar!” Berlin Film Festival One of the “A” festivals in Europe,The Berlin International Film Festival, also called the “Berlinale”, is held annually in February and started in 1951 after an initiative of the American, who occupied part of the city after World War?,The jury,专家评奖团，always placed special emphasis on representing films from all over the world, from the former Eastern Bloc,集团，Countries as well as from western countries,The awards are called Golden and Silver Bears,as the Bear is the symbol of Berlin，, Venice Film Festival The Venice Film Festival takes place every year in late August / early September on the Lido in the historic Palazzo del Cinema, in Venice, Italy; its main award is the “ Leone d’Oro”,Golden Lion，,Recently, a new award has been added, the San Marco Award for the best film, Cannes Film Festival The Cannes Film Festival is a famous international film festival,It has been held annually in Cannes, in the south of France, since 1946 with a few exceptions,Given massive media exposure, the Festival is attended by many movie stars and is a popular venue for movie producers to launch their new films and attempt to sell their works to the distributors who come from all over the globe, The most famous award given out at Cannes is the “Palme d’Or”,Golden Palm，for the best film; this is sometimes shared by multiple films in one year, 6,Which Award can be shared by multiple films in one year? A,Golden Lion B,Golden Palm C,Academy Awards D,San Marco Award 7 7,Which of the following statements about “Oscars” is not true? A,It’s the nickname of Academy Awards B,It’s also the nickname of the statuette, C,It got its name because Margaret said the statuette looked like his uncle, D,It’s an award in France, 8,Which Award has the shortest history? A,Golden Lion B,Golden Palm C,Academy Awards D,San Marco Award 9,Why is the Award for Berlin Film Festival called “Golden and Silver Bear”? A,It looks like a bear B,It is made up of bear fur C,The bear is the symbol of Berlin D,Bear is rare in Berlin 10,Which of the following best states the main idea of the passage? A,An introduction of famous film festivals and film awards B,An advertisement for films and TV programmes, C,Introduce the nicknames of famous film awards, D,A guide of how to spend famous film festivals. Forest guards in western India are using cell phones with ringtones of cows mooing, goats bleating and roosters crowing to attract leopards that have wandered into human settlements, officials said on Monday. The wild cats in the state of Gujarat often get into villages near forests in search of food, say officials, adding that this results in attacks on people. But rather than use methods such as live bait(诱惑物) like goats tied to trees to lure the leopards, which then fall into large pits dug by guards, officials say they have found a safer method to trap the cats. “The moos of a cow, bleating of a goat from the phone has proved effective to trap leopards,” said D. Vasani, a senior forest official in Gujarat. “This trick works.” Vasani said forest guards have downloaded the sounds of over a dozen animals as ringtones on their mobiles which they attach to speakers and fix behind a cage. They then play the ringtone continuously for up to two hours until the curious leopard appears and moves into the cage looking for its easy meal. At least five leopards have so far been lured from villages since the new ringtone method was introduced three months ago. The cats have all been released back into forest areas. Wildlife activists welcomed the new initiative saying that previous methods of trapping the cats using pits often resulted in the animals getting injured. 11. What can be the best title of the passage? A. Cell Phones to Hunt Animals B. Practical Uses of Cell Phones C. Wildlife And New Technology D. Phone Ringtones to Catch Leopards 12. Forest guards in India try to catch leopards mainly because ______. A. leopards attack villagers B. they want leopard fur C. leopards attack animals D. they have new ringtones 13. According to the wildlife activists, the new method is _______. A. appreciated because it benefits leopards B. not good because it may injure animals C. effective because ringtones work D. not safer than the former one 8 14. We can learn from the passage except that ______. A. forest guards don’t mean to hurt the leopards B. forest guards no longer use pits to trap leopards C. forest guards used goats to attract leopards recorded animal sounds are used to lure leopards D. 15. What will be needed to trap the leopards using the new method? ? cell phones ?animals ? sounds of animals ? cages ?large pits A. ???? B. ??? C. ??? D. ??? A new generation addiction is quickly spreading all over the world. Weboholism, a twentieth century disease, affects people from different ages. They surf the net, use e-mail and speak in chat rooms. They spend many hours on the computer, and it becomes a compulsive habit. They cannot stop, and it affects their lives. Ten years ago, no one thought that using computers could become compulsive behavior that could affect the social and physical life of computer users. This obsessional behavior has affected teenagers and college students. They are likely to log on computers and spend long hours at different websites. They become hooked on computers and gradually their social and school life is affected by this situation. They spend all free time surfing and don't concentrate on homework, so this addiction influences their grades and success at school. Because they can find everything on the websites, they hang out there. Moreover, this addiction to websites influences their social life. They spend more time in front of computers than with their friends. The relation with their friends changes. The virtual life becomes more important than their real life. They have a new language that they speak in the chat rooms and it causes cultural changes in society. Because of the change in their behavior, they begin to isolate themselves from the society and live with their virtual friends. They share their emotions and feelings with friends who they have never met in their life. Although they feel confident on the computer, they are not confident with real live friends they have known all their life. It is a problem for the future. This addictive behavior is beginning to affect all the world. 16. The main idea of the passage is about_________. A. the cause of weboholism B. the advantage of weboholism C. the popularity of weboholism D. the influence of weboholism 17. The underlined word “obsessional” in the second paragraph most probably means “______” A. attractive B. addictive C. professional D. potential 18. We can infer from the passage that________. A. weboholism has the greatest effect on teenagers B. students can hardly balance real and virtual life C. people are addicted to games on the Internet D. virtual life is more vivid and attractive anyway 19. Which of the following is NOT true of weboholism? A. It contributes to the development of the web. B. The chat room language may change social culture. C. The problem will be getting more and more serious later. 9 D. People addicted to the web often become inactive in real life. 20. The author’s attitude towards weboholism is that of being________. A. optimistic B. positive C. oppositive D. acceptable 参考答案 1. A 推测题。从文章中的“flightless, lived off fruit fallen from the trees, easily controlled”等这些词中 可推测出Dodo鸟缺少保护自己的能力。 2. D 细节归纳题。根据文章第二段的“The population of Dodos rapidly decreased and last one was killed in 1681”一句可判断Dodo是灭绝的动物之一，再根据最后一段中的“The Bali, Javan, and Caspian tigers are already extinct”一句可得出其他几种。 3. C 细节理解题。文章的第三段和最后一段提到“犀牛角和虎骨及器官”有很高的药用价值。 4. D判断题。从第四段中的“The future of the World Wildlife Fund's symbol is far from certain. ” 一句可得出“世界野生动物基金”的图案标记是“大熊猫”，而不是“鲸”。 5. B 6,答案,B 解析,文章最后一句话提到The most famous award given out at Cannnes is the “Palme d’Or”,Golden Palm，for the best film; this is sometimes shared by multiple films in one year可以得知夏纳电影节最著名的奖项“金棕榈奖”有时可由一年中的多部影片共同获得。 7,答案,D 解析,奥斯卡奖是美国最著名的奖,不是法国的。 8,答案,D 解析,从第三段最后一句话Recently, a new award has been added, the San Marco Award for the best film看出最佳影片San Marco Award奖是最近才增加的一个新奖,所以历史最 短。 9,答案,C 解析,从第二段最后一句话The awards are called Golden and Silver Bears,as the Bear is the symbol of Berlin,，看出,柏林电影节的奖名叫金熊奖和银熊奖是因为熊是柏林的象征。 10,答案,A 解析,本文主要是对著名电影节以及著名电影奖项的介绍。 这是一篇新闻类短文。英国报纸是世界上最古老的、最著名的报纸之一。最近各大小报都在 对传统的出版进行改变。报纸的大小、内容以及语言的风格都有所不同。 11—15 DACBD 16—20 DBBAC 阅读理解3 A When I was in high school, I had a recurring(反复的) dream of my teeth falling out. I dreamt about my teeth just about every night for at least three weeks. Sometimes they would fall out one at a time, sometimes all at once. I became terrified that my dreams meant I would actually lose my teeth. Nine years later and about a million trips to the dreams, I still have a full set of teeth, but I’ve learned that when we’re experiencing stress in our lives, it tends to show up in our dreams as well, Miller says losing teeth indicates burdens that crush your pride. If your teeth are knocked out, you’ll have sudden misfortune, Other explanations for dreams about lost teeth are that the dreamer is feeling powerless in life and may be in a transitional,过度的， period from one situation of life to another. Some experts believe that dreams of losing teeth today show we’re just as insecure and uncertain as we were in childhood, 10 When I dreamt about my teeth back in high school, I was trying to choose a college— a stressful decision, The dreams resurfaced when college graduation rolled around four years later and I’m sure they’ll start again when I graduate, A little of stress in our everyday lives is normal. But sometimes it becomes such a regular occurrence in our lives that it influences our dreams and causes us to lose valuable sleep. Understanding our dreams is key to identifying and ending stress in our waking hours and restoring peace to our nighttime hours, 56,We know from the text that those who dreamt about lost his teeth indicates that________, A,They will have sudden misfortune, B,They are feeling powerless in life C,They are as insecure and uncertain as they were in childhood D,They are experiencing stress in their lives[ 57,How many different kinds of explanations are mentioned in the text about losing teeth? A,Two B,Three C,Four D,Five 58,The underlined expression “rolled around” means______ A,came about B,came down C,came near D,rolled out 59,We can infer from the text that___________, A,Our dream can reflect what we go through in our real life, B,Dreams can damage our valuable sleep, C,We only dream when we are under great pressure, D,Our dreams can show us what will happen in the future, 60,The author wrote the passage to tell us that______. A,He wanted to show us his strange dreams, B,He tried to explain why we dream, C,Different people have different dreams D,It is important for us to understand the meaning of our dreams B For all the dinner table, a glass of milk seems to be a constant , at least it was when I was growing up,It was widely believed that milk was integral in building strong bones and teeth. There’s no doubt that dairy products(乳制品), and milk in particular, are high in protein and calcium, and most milk products are supplemented with Vitamin D and A, While it’s well known that our bones need calcium, some studies suggest that high calcium intake doesn’t necessarily lower a person’s risk for fractures,骨折，, A Harvard study found that people who drank two or more glasses of milk had no greater protection from breaking a bone than those who drank a glass or less a week, There’s no doubt that we need calcium, Some anti-dairy supporters claim that dairy can lead to heart disease, Much of this claim is based on high fat and high dairy products, like cheeses and creams, which may indeed contribute to cardiovascular problems, Some studies have linked high milk intakes with a risk of prostate cancer; this seems to be caused by high-fat dairy products, not dairy in general, Although milk was always regarded as one of the most important thing we need for our bones, yet least promoted, factors involved in strengthening bones. Perhaps we should 11 think of dairy as less like a nutrient and more like a food. If you like it, eat it,If not, find some others, Because some claims may not be completely true, when I eat a cream, I’m not thinking about calcium, protein, or any such thing. I’m thinking delicious, 61,Which of the following is TRUE on the milk? A,The more milk you drink, the more risk for fractures you might be, B,The more milk you drink, the less risk for fractures you might be, C,The less milk you drink, the less risk for fractures you might be, There is no link between them, D, 62,Some anti-dairy supporters claim that dairy can lead to except______, A,cardiovascular problems B,heart disease C,prostate cancer D,stomach cancer 63,The underlined words “some others” in the last paragraph refer to_____, A,dairy products B,milk C,food D,cream 64,What’s the author’s attitude towards milk? A,He doesn’t like milk any more B,He used to drink milk as a child, C,He regards milk as a nutrient, D,He always cares about calcium, protein when he eats something, 65,We can learn from the text that_____ A,All the claims are not completely true , B,High milk intakes can lead to cancer, C,It’s necessary for you to reduce milk intakes, D,Give up milk for your health, C As I crammed myself onto a crowded train this morning, I noticed there was a very pregnant(怀孕的) woman standing near me, jammed in tightly and hanging on for dear life,I looked at the passengers sitting in the seats that are supposed to be surrendered to the elderly, physically challenged, and other people who need to sit, Not one of them even looked up; everyone was too absorbed in what they were listening to, reading, or watching to even notice the pregnant passenger, Over the past few years, there have been countless discussions on minding our manners within our new modes of communication,But while we’ve been debating the dos and don’ts of technology etiquette,礼节，, it appears that many of us have forgotten some of the old school manners that have nothing to do with a keyboard or a monitor, but have everything to do with the long-forgotten Golden Rule,Maybe technology has eroded our brains so much that we can never go back to those golden days, “Giving up your seat to someone is so easy,Even when people don’t accept your offer, I think it’s nice to get up and stay standing so they know you’re sincere, The more that we become the good example, the more it will catch on,” Lizzie Post, says great-great granddaughter of Emily Post , Sophisticated technology doesn’t mean that good manners have to be a thing of the past, In fact, Post says she defines good manners using three simple, everyday principles: 12 consideration, respect, and honesty, “Apply those to any situation and toward all the people involved including yourself and the solution will make sense,” 66,No one gave up his seat to the pregnant women because______, A,The woman doesn’t need a seat at all, B,It’s not common to give up his seat to others who need it C,No one noticed her on the such crowed train D,Everyone is so tired that all want to have a rest, Paragraph 2 suggests that________, 67, A,We are always having discussions on minding our manners B,Many of us have forgotten some of the old school manners C,It’s technology that has eroded our brains so much D,Students always care about their own business instead of school manners 68,The underlined phrase “ catch on ” in the third paragraph refers to____, A,being understood B,being popularC,being taken D,being caught 69,What did Lizzie Post say shows that she was ______? A,honest B,polite C,respectable D,friendly 70, What’ s the best title of the passage? A,Where Are Our Manners B,The Long-forgotten Golden Rule C,Give up your Seat D,Sophisticated Technolog D Mary Buendia once spent a day in an airplane, looking for a cat,She didn't find it that day,The plane flew around all over the world for three weeks with the cat on board. She finally found it in the cargo hold and sent it home first-class,Another time, she found two suitcases full of birds from Turkey,But her strangest experience was when she pulled a snake out of a man's pants, Mary Buendia is an animal health inspector at JFK Airport in New York,She takes care of all the animals that pass through the airport and checks that they are healthy,In the Animal Health Center, there are areas for dogs, cats, reptiles, birds, and fish. There is also an area for very big animals,The biggest they ever had was a black rhino,"It was no problem," she says, At the center, they receive all types of animals—monkeys, wild cats, poisonous spiders,It's impossible for one person to know about all of these, but there are 20 people working with Mary,Between them, they understand how to take care of the animals,She recently had to feed a group of toucans, which are rare birds,"Luckily," she says, "there is a supermarket nearby which is open 24 hours,I had to go at 2 a,m,to buy bananas," Mary often works at night, "It's quiet between 1 a,m, and 4 a,m,," she says, "because we don't have night flights, We try to give the animals a quiet night," Mary clearly loves her job. "You never know what the day will bring," she says, and goes off to feed the birds, 71,The best title of the passage will probably be ____________, A,JKF Airport in New York, B,Airport Health Inspector, C,Mary Buendia D,Animal Health Center, 72,From the first paragraph, we can know that ___________, A,Working as an Airport Health Inspector, Mary Buendia has various experiences, 13 B,After the cat was found, it was sent home to New York, C,Mary got frightened when she pulled a snake out of a man’s pants, D,Mary was tired of dealing with animals at the airport, 73,We can infer from the passage that ______, A,Mary often works at night during flights, B,It took Mary a whole day to find a lost cat in an airplane C,Only healthy animals can be permitted to go aboard the airplane, D,Mary knows everything about the animals by working with 20 other people, 74,An Airport Health Inspector should do the following Except ___________, A,inspect whether the animals are healthy, B,go shopping at night C,take care of animals D,work with colleagues and learn from each other 75,What kind of animals is "reptile" (in Para2) _________ A,a kind of large animals B,a kind of wild spiders C,a kind of rare birds D,The passage doesn't mention 窦泽萍,阅读理解 56,答案,D解析,本题为细节理解题。宜用排除法确定答案。文章作者多次提到做此梦时候在 现实的生活中经常的面对压力。而ABC三项的观点片面甚至有些唯心。 57,答案,C解析,本题为细节题。根据文章的第一、二段可以得出文章共有四种梦中掉牙的不同解释。 58,答案,C解析,本题为词义猜测题。由第三段The dreams resurfaced when college graduation rolled around four years later and I’m sure they’ll start again when I graduate,一 句可知“四年后当大学即将毕业时,这个梦又重新出现了”预示着作者面临着毕业后的就业的压 力。所以此处的rolled around意思是“即将到来”。 59,答案A解析,本题为推理判断题。要求学生通过全文得出合理的结论。根据第一段“I’ve learned that when we’re experiencing stress in our lives, it tends to show up in our dreams as well”可以 推断出“我们的梦是现实生活经历的反映”的表述符合题意。其他的选项不符合题干的要求。 60,答案,D解析,本题为主旨大意题。要求学生通过研读全文信息,判断作者的写作意图。总观本文,可以看出这篇文章是对“梦中掉牙”的梦的不同的观点。对梦有一个正确的看法对我们来说是非常重要的。 61,答案,D解析,本题考查考生对文章中具体细节的理解和推断:根据第二段的Harvard study found that people who drank two or more glasses of milk had no greater protection from breaking a bone than those who drank a glass or less a week,可以推断出牛奶的引用量和 骨折之间没有必要的联系。 62, 答案,D解析,本题考查考生对文章中具体细节的掌握情况,根据第三段的有关信息可以得 知文中没有涉及到胃病的问题。 63,答案,C解析,本题考查考生的理解推断能力,根据最后一段Perhaps we should think of dairy as less like a nutrient and more like a food. If you like it, eat it, 可知作者的观点 是如果喜欢就用,不喜欢就换其他的食品,物，。 64, 答案,B解析,本题考查考生的推理判断能力,根据第一段的at least it was when I was growing up 可以推断出作者在小时候是常常喝牛奶的。 65,答案A解析,本题考查考生的推理判断能力,Because some claims may not be completely true可 以得知并不是所有的声明都是完全正确的。其中all not =not all表示部分否定,意为“并非所有的”。 14 66,答案,B解析,本题考查考生的理解推断能力。根据第一段的Not one of them even looked up; everyone was too absorbed in what they were listening to, reading, or watching to even notice the pregnant passenger,可知在作者看来,没人主动让座的原因并不是没人注意 到有人需要帮助,而是大家已经没有了让座的习惯。从而引起作者对下文的阐述。 67,答案,D解析,本题考查考生的推理判断能力。根据第二段it appears that many of us have forgotten some of the old school manners that have nothing to do with a keyboard or a monitor, but have everything to do with the long-forgotten Golden Rule, 此处的keyboard 和monitor应该指的是与自己利益有关的事情。 68,答案,B解析,本题考查考生对短文中生词的理解。根据The more that we become the good example, the more it will catch on, 可知“如果每个人都能以身作则,那相互让座这件事就 会变的。。。”故可推断catch on在这里是指“变的流行”。 69, 答案,C解析,本题考查考生对文章中具体细节的掌握情况。根据“I think it’s nice to get up and stay standing so they know you’re sincere”和最后一段的“she defines good manners using three simple, everyday principles: consideration, respect, and honesty”,可 知在作者看来,Lizzie Post 是一位值得尊敬的人,当然是更值得学习的人。 70,答案,A解析,本题考查考生对主旨大意的理解能力。作者主要通过自己在火车上所见,讲 述了为什么越来越多的人遗忘了传统的礼仪。作者以 Where Are Our Manners? 反问读者的形式为题目。更能让读者得到自我的。 71,答案,B解析,纵读全文,我们不难发现文章以人,Mary，为载体,向我们介绍了Mary的职 业,而答案C太笼统。AD 是文中提到的两个地点,故应选B 72,答案A 解析,A是对第一段的总结。B错在“to New York”， C项文中并没提及，D观点错误。 73,答案,C解析,从文中She takes care of all the animals that pass through the airport and checks that they are healthy, In the Animal Health 可知，其它选项与原文不符。 74,答案,B 解析,A,C,D是一个Airport Health Inspector的所在。而答案B则是具体事例。 75,答案,D 阅读理解4 A At five he was collecting old newspapers to make money. And when he was 15 he signed his schoolmates up to start a baby-sitting circle. Now 20, third-year Cambridge University student, Peter Blackburn is managing director of a company with a ? 30,000 plan. And he thinks it will make more than $15,000 by next summer. He set up Peter Blackborn Ltd last year to bring out a new, colour term-planner that now students all over the UK are using. “I felt that most of the planners going around were pretty unimaginative,” he says, “I believed that I could do a better job and decided to have a go”. Blackburn admits that he is putting far more effort into business than his computer 15 studies course at university. While fellow students are out with their friends, he keeps in touch with his business office in Lancashire by movable phone. Before he set up the company he spent one holiday preparing a plan that would persuade his bank to lend him money. “Most students work hard for a good degree because they believe that will help them get a job to support themselves,” he says “I work hard at my company, because that is what will support me next year, after I leave college.” Friends believe that Blackburn will make ? 1 million within 5 years. He is not quite so sure, however. “There’s a lot to be done yet,” he says. 1. Choose the right order of the facts given in the passage. a. He spent his holiday preparing a plan. b. He collected newspapers. c. He set up his own company. d. He asked the bank for money. e. He set up a babysitting circle. A. e, b, c, a, d B. b, e, a, d, c C. b, e, d, a, c D. b, e, c, a, d 2. When he was quite young, Blackburn ____ . A. already made a lot of money B. already had a business brain C. was already managing director of a company D. already set up his own business 3. The underlined expression in the fourth paragraph “have a go,” here means ____ . A. give up this job and have a new one B. leave the company C. have a try D. develop my business quickly 4. In spite of a college student, Blackburn ____ . A. spends more time on his business than on his studies course B. keep in touch with his business office by movable phone C. seldom goes out with his friends D. often spends whole holiday preparing business plan 5. Which of the following best explain why Blackburn works hard at his company? A. He wants to do more business practice before he leaves college. B. He wants to make more money before he leaves college. C. He wants to get a good job like most students after he leaves the college. D. he depends on the company for his living in the future. B I found out one time that doing a favor for someone could get you into a lot of trouble. I 16 was in the eighth grade at the time, and we were having a final test. During the test, the girl sitting next to me whispered something, but I didn’t understand. So I leaned over her way and found out that she was trying to ask me if I had an extra pen. She showed me that hers was out of ink and would not write. I happened to have an extra one, so I took it out of my pocket and put it on her desk. Later, after the test papers had been turned in, the teacher asked me to stay in the room when all the other students were dismissed. As soon as we were alone she began to talk to me about what it meant to grow up; she talked about how important it was to stand on your own two feet and be responsible (负责任) for your own acts. For a long time, she talked about honesty and emphasized the fact that when people do something dishonest, they are really cheating themselves. She made me promise that I would think seriously about all the things she had said, and then she told me I could leave. I walked out of the room wondering why she had chosen to talk to me about all those things. Later on, I found out that she thought I had cheated on the test. When she saw me lean over to talk to the girl next to me, it looked as if I was copying answers from the girl’s test paper. I tried to explain about the pen, but all she could say was it seemed very very strange to her that I hadn’t talked of anything about the pen the day she talked to me right after the test. Even if I tried to explain that I was just doing the girl a favor by letting her use my pen, I am sure she continued to believe that I had cheated on the test. 6. The story took place exactly ____ . A. in the teacher’s office B. in an exam room C. in the school D. in the language lab 7. The girl wanted to borrow a pen, because ____ . A. she had not brought a pen with her B. she had lost her own on her way to school C. there was something wrong with her wn D. her own had been taken away by someone 8. The teacher saw all this, so she asked the boy ____ . A. to go on writing his paper B. to stop whispering C. to leave the room immediately D. to stay behind after the exam 9. The thing(s) emphasized in her talk was(were) ____ . A. honesty B. sense of duty C. seriousness D. all of the above 10. The boy knew everything ____ . A. the moment he was asked to stay behind B. when the teacher started talking about honesty C. only some time later D. when he was walking out of the room C 17 Grandma Moses is among the most famous twentieth-century painters of the United States, yet she did not start painting until she was in her late seventies. As she once said of herself,” I would never sit back in a rocking chair, waiting for someone to help me.” No one could have had a more productive old age. She was born Anna Mary Robertson on a farm in New York State, one of five boys and five girls. At twelve she left home and was in domestic(家庭的) service until, at twenty —seven, she married Thomas Moses, the hired hand of one of her employers. They farmed most of their lives, first in Virginia and then in New York State, at Eagle Bridge. She had ten children , of whom five survived ; her husband died in 1927. Grandma Moses painted a little as a child and made embroldery(刺绣) pictures as a hobby, but only changed to oils in old age because her hands had become too stiff(硬的) to sew and she wanted to keep busy and pass the time. Her pictures were first sold at the local drugstore(杂货店) and at a market and were soon noticed by a businessman who bought everything she painted . Three of the pictures exhibited in the Museum of Modern Art, and in 1940 she had her first exhibition in New York. Between the 1930’s and her death she produced some 2,000 pictures, detailed(详细的)and lively portrayals(描绘) of the country life she had known for so long, with a wonderful sense of colour and form. “I think really hard till I think of something really pretty, and then I paint it.” she said. 11. According to the passage, Grandma Moses began to paint because she wanted to . A. make herself beautiful B. keep active C. earn more money D. become famous 12. Grandma Moses spent most of her life . A. nursing B. painting C. embroidering D. farming 13. The underlined word survived means . A. graduated from college B. examined the condition of the house C. lived longer than the other children D. gave up themselves to the police 14. From Grandma Moses’ description of herself in the first paragraph, it can be inferred that she was . A. independent B. pretty C. rich D. nervous 15. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A. Grandma Moses, Her Life and Pictures. B. The Children of Grandma Moses. C. Grandma Moses, Her Best Exhibition. D. Grandma Moses and Other Older Artists. D 18 Blondin was a very famous acrobat(杂技师) in the 19th century. He used to walk on a tight--rope across the Niagara Falls(瀑布). On September 8th, 1860, a crowd of about 300,000 people gathered at Niagara to watch Blondin carry a man across! Three men had offered to go with him, but they falled to appear, so Blondin asked his manager, Mr. Colcord, to climb on his back, Colcord agreed to go this so as not to disappoint the crowd, but he was terrified. The crossing was very difficult because Colcord was heavier than Blondin thought. After he had gone a short way, Blondin had to stop in order to rest. He asked Colcord to get down. At first Colcord refused, but at last he had to. He clung to (紧紧 握住) Blondin’s leg and the rope in order not to fall, Blondin had to stop six times during the crossing so as to rest. Sometimes the rope swung(荡,摆动) as much as 40 feet! At last both men crossed safely. The crowd sighed with relief(松一口气) and so did poor Mr. Colcord. 16. How did Blondin walk across Niagara Falls on September 8th , 1860? A. On a tight—rope with his manager on his back. B. On a tight—rope by himself. C. On a tight—rope with three men on his back. D. On a tight—rope with one of his helpers on his back. 17. Why do you think the three men did not appear? A. They couldn’t walk on tight-rope. B. They did not dare to take the risk. C. They were ill. D. They had met with an accident. 18. Mr. Colcord agreed to act with Blondin because he . A. was brave B. was Blondin’s true friend C. did not want to disappoint the 300,000 people D. was Blondin’s manager 19. Blondin stopped six times during the crossing . A. in order to help Colcord B. in order to get his strength back C. because Colcord clung to his leg and the rope D. because Colcord was heavier than him 20. Blondin’s nationality was . A. American B. Canadian C. Englishman D. not mentioned in the passage 1-5BBCAD6-10BCDAC11-15BDCAA16-20ABCBD 阅读理解5 When I was still a student, I found it hard to get back on track with school after the holiday break 19 ended. Fortunately, I could also make up for late homework. But as a working professional, I no longer have that luxury — any delay or mistakes in my work caused by a holiday hangover may end up being costly. The good news is that with a simple strategy in place, it won’t take much effort to return to your normal productivity level. Plan your post-holiday work schedule even before the holiday begins. This is the primary reason why I easily got back to my regular workload. As soon as the holiday was over, all I had to do was look at the schedule I prepared two weeks earlier to see what I needed to do. Without it, I would have probably spent a day or two regrouping. I have to admit that it’s wise to work a little during the holidays. If you feel that’s being too much of a killjoy, choose to work on light tasks — perhaps checking your mail or brainstorming. The point is to avoid work being overwhelming after the holidays. It doesn’t mean you’ll get up in the middle of a family gathering and start typing away in your laptop. Make yourself part of the festivities, only get some work done during times when less is happening. Stick with your normal body clock. Many people feel tired post-holidays because their body clocks have adjusted to a later waking-up time. If this has happened to you, make sure to try and reset your body clock back to suit your ideal sleeping hours before the regular workweek starts. It’s important to relax. I know some people who actually spend the holidays being completely stressed out preparing gifts and celebrations. The irony is, they don’t end up enjoying their supposed “vacation time” from work. Avoid falling into that trap and catch up on your sleep. 56. How many tips does the author mention in this passage? A. 2. B. 3. C. 4. D. 5. 57. What’s the main idea of the third paragraph? A. Do some light work while you enjoy your holidays. B. Too much work during the holidays is a killjoy. C. Make yourself part of the festivities. D. Don’t forget your mail during your holidays. 58. According to the passage, some people feel tired after the holiday because they . A. work too much during the holidays B. disturb their normal body clock C. don’t have enough sleep during the holidays D. always have more work to do than usual 59. We may learn from the passage that . A. the author is a student on his holiday B. the author always ruins his work after-holiday C. it’s important to pre-plan the work schedule D. holidays are usually bad for regular work 60. What’s the best title of the passage? A. Plan Your Holidays Wisely B. Work Hard after Your Holidays C. After-holiday Work Is Overwhelming D. How to Avoid After-holiday Tiredness I am a writer. I spend a great deal of my time thinking about the power of language — the way it can evoke,唤起，an emotion, a visual image, a complex idea, or a simple truth. Language is the tool of my trade. And I use them all—all the Englishes I grew up with. Born into a Chinese family that had recently arrived in California, I’ve been giving more thought to the kind of English my mother speaks. Like others, I have described it to people as “broken” English. 20 But I feel embarrassed to say that. It has always bothered me that I can think of no way to describe it other than “broken”, as if it were damaged and needed to be fixed, as if it lacked a certain wholeness. I’ve heard other terms used, “limited English,” for example. But they seem just as bad, as if everything is limited, including people’s perceptions (认识) of the limited English speaker. I know this for a fact, because when I was growing up, my mother’s “limited” English limited my perception of her. I was ashamed of her English. I believed that her English reflected the quality of what she had to say. That is, because she expressed them imperfectly her thoughts were imperfect. And I had plenty of evidence to support me: the fact that people in department stores, at banks, and at restaurants did not take her seriously, did not give her good service, pretended not to understand her, or even acted as if they did not hear her. I started writing fiction in 1985. And for reasons I won’t get into today, I began to write stories using all the Englishes I grew up with: the English she used with me, which for lack of a better term might be described as “broken”, and what I imagine to be her translation of her Chinese, her internal (内在的) language, and for that I sought to preserve the essence (本质), but neither an English nor a Chinese structure. I wanted to catch what language ability tests can never show: her intention, her feelings, the rhythms of her speech and the nature of her thoughts. 61. By saying “Language is the tool of my trade”, the author means that . A. she uses English in foreign trade B. she is fascinated by languages C. she works as a translator D. she is a writer by profession 62. The author used to think of her mother’s English as . A. impolite B. amusing C. imperfect D. practical 63. Which of the following is TRUE according to Paragraph 3? A. Americans do not understand broken English. B. The author’s mother was not respected sometimes. C. The author’ mother had positive influence on her. D. Broken English always reflects imperfect thoughts. 64. It can be inferred that the English the author’s mother used was . A. well structured B. in the old style C. easy to translate D. rich in meaning 65. What is the passage mainly about? A. The author’s experiences of using different Englishes. B. The author’s misunderstanding of “limited” English. C. The limitation of the author’s perception of her mother. D. The changes of the author’s attitude to her mother’s English. A new age is coming. Call it what you will: the service economy, the information age, the knowledge society. It all translates to a fundamental change in the way we work. Already we’re partly there, the percentage of people who earn their living by making things has fallen dramatically in the Western World. Today the majority of jobs in America, Europe and Japan are in the service industry, and the number is on the rise. More women are in the work force than ever before. There are more part-time jobs. More people are self-employed. But the range of the economic transformation can’t be measured by numbers alone, because it also is giving rise to important new way of thinking about the nature of work itself. Long-held ideas about jobs and careers, the skills needed to succeed, even the relation between individuals and employers — all these are being challenged. We have only to look behind us to get some sense of what may lie ahead. No one looking ahead 20 21 years possibly could have foreseen the ways in which a single invention, the chip, would transform our world thanks to its applications in personal computers, digital communications and factory robots. Tomorrow’s achievements in biotechnology, artificial intelligence or even some still unimagined technology could produce a similar wave of dramatic changes. But one thing is certain: information and knowledge will become even more valid, and the people who possess it, whether they work in manufacturing or services, will have the advantage and produce the wealth. Computer knowledge will become as basic a requirement as the ability to read and write. The ability to solve problems by applying information instead of performing routine tasks will be valued above all else. If you cast your mind ahead 10 years, information service will be superior. It will be the way you do your job. 66. A characteristic of the new age mentioned in the passage is that . A. the service industry mainly relies on females B. manufacturing industries are steadily increasing C. more people are in the service industry than before D. the work in the service industry is more comfortable than that in manufacturing industry 67. Which of the following is true according to the passage? A. People’s traditional concepts about jobs need changing. B. The relation between employees and employers is becoming tense. C. More women than men are in the work force. D. Part-time jobs are more welcome than full-time jobs. 68. By mentioning the invention of “the chip”, the author means to say that . A. we haven’t paid enough attention to the importance of high technology B. the chip is the most important invention today C. the power of science and technology is beyond our imagination D. it’s a great challenge to apply new inventions to our life 69. We may draw a conclusion from the passage that . A. information will play a greater role in people’s work and daily life in the future B. we can foresee the future if technology develops fast enough C. the ability of performing routine tasks gives you an advantage in work D. robots will replace people to do all the work both in manufacturing and service industries 70. The author’s attitude to the coming age is . A. doubtful B. enthusiastic C. satisfied D. uncertain Some people may be born happy, while others are genetically negative, scientists have suggested in a study published late February in a British journal. Earlier research had already established that the gene known as 5-HTTLPR plays a key role in determining how the neurotransmitter (神经传递素) serotonin works within the brain. Serotonin, a hormone (荷尔蒙), passes chemical messages between nerve cells. It has been closely linked to mood. Several anti-depressant (抗抑郁) drugs regulate serotonin levels. Scientists had also identified three variants (变体) of the gene. Two so-called “short” variants were linked to a higher risk of depression and suicide (自杀) attempts. Unlike the two “short” variants, the “long” variant of 5-HTTLPR showed a clear dislike of negative images, such as fierce animals, and a clear liking for positive ones, such as flowers. Researchers from the University of Essex in Britain showed participants a series of images, which were divided into three kinds: negative ones aimed at inspiring fear or stress such as a snake or person 22 about to commit suicide, pleasant ones and neutral (中性的) ones. The participants who had the long variant of the 5-HTTLPR gene “showed a clear dislike of negative material alongside a careful attention for positive material,” the researchers found. They paid close attention to the pretty pictures, and ignored the frightening ones. On the other hand, the short variant groups had the opposite reaction. In January, the Australian government organized “happiness workshops”, teaching government staff how to be happy. The department that held the “happiness workshops” said unhappy staff weren’t productive staff. Australian political opposition parties have argued that the “happiness workshops” are probably a waste of money and couldn’t increase productivity as intended. However, whether the workshop will have a happy or disappointing result, we will have to wait and see. 71. Various kinds of images were shown to the participants to . A. draw their attention B. cater to their different tastes C. find out about their reactions D. teach them to improve their artistic appreciation 72. The “short” variants of 5-HTTLPR differ from the “long” variants of 5-HTTLPR in that . A. the former is connected with positive mood while the latter negative B. the former is connected with negative mood while the latter positive C. the former has a greater effect on one’s mood than the latter D. the latter has a greater effect on one’s mood than the former 73. Which of the following statements is true about “happiness workshops”? A. Most people believe that they are a waste of money. B. They will be beneficial in the long run. C. The purpose of “happiness workshops” is to teach all Australians to be happy. D. They are organized in the belief that happy staff can work more efficiently. 74. It can be learned from the article that . A. drugs can be used to control people’s serotonin levels B. happiness is more important than sadness C. nothing can affect our mood D. people with the short variant of 5-HTTLPR prefer a flower to a snake 75. The article is mainly about . A. the reason for the foundation of “happiness workshops” B. the link between people’s mood and their gene C. the study on people’s likes and dislikes D. the differences in people’s attitude towards life 56—60 CABCD 61—65 DCBDD 66—70 CACAB 71—75 CBDAB 23