轻松生活一点通：小窍门大便利(全文)

轻松生活一点通：小窍门大便利(全文) <轻松生活一点通:小窍门大便利(全文)> 第一部分 厨房用品 第1节:微波炉(1) 一、 微波炉 ?巧选微波炉 打开炉门，好的微波炉门面硬度好，按捏不动。门体里面四周为防止微波泄漏的“扼漏圈”的安放处，一般为黑色，质地坚韧，不松动，手指难以按动，按时无声，开关炉门“咔嚓”声清脆。劣质的微波炉材质差，门体多为有机塑料，单层密封，甚至听到“咯吱”声，使用时间长后微波易泄漏，对人体危害很大。 ?微波炉使用常识 1(平衡、通风。微波炉需放置在平衡、通风的地方，后部留有不少于10厘米、顶部不少于5厘米的空间，以利于排气散热，微波炉要远离带有磁场的家用电器。 2(忌加热密封食物。严禁用微波炉加热密封的食物，例如袋装、瓶装、罐装食品，以及带皮、带壳的食品，如栗子、鸡蛋等，以免爆炸污染或损坏微波炉。 3(需放一杯水。微波炉严禁空载使用，平时可在炉内预备一杯水(玻璃杯)，使用时拿出，加热完食物后再放入，以免空载烧坏微波炉。 4(不能放得太满。微波炉内的食物不要放得太满，以不超过容积的1,3为好。食物也不要直接放在微波炉转盘上，要用耐热的玻璃、陶瓷或耐热塑料做成的容器盛放。微波炉内绝对不能用金属或搪瓷容器，也不宜用带有金属花纹的容器。 5.对体积过大的食物，应当均匀分解(肉类长宽应均为3厘米左右，其他食品5,7厘米为宜)，以免食物生熟不均。加热整只鸡、鸭等大件食物，最好加热一段时间后，将食物翻个身，使各部位可均匀受热。 6(不能在炉门开启时试图启动微波炉，这是十分危险的。 7(操作时，不要把眼睛靠近观察窗进行观察，因为眼睛对微波辐射最为敏感。 8(用微波炉烹饪食物时，宁可烹饪不足也不要烹饪过度，微波炉的再加热与普通烹饪不同，重新烹饪不会影响烹饪好的菜肴的色、香、味。但如果烹饪过度，菜肴的色、香、味都会受到影响。 carried out; 4) for spring hangers (included simple spring, hangers and constant support hangers) it should also be recognized as setting and locking of loads. 5) check the surface quality, folded layering and without cracks, rust and other defects. 5) after completion of the test and control drawing number one by one, by series baled. Color alloy steel parts, the parts marking installation location and rotation about the direction you want. 7.3.14. hangers installation 7.3.14.1 hanger layout a. a clear design of hanger should be installed strictly in accordance with the drawings and designs shall not be installed wrong, missing, etc. B. own arrangement of piping support and hanger set and selection should be based on comprehensive analysis of general layout of piping systems; cold installation of steam pipe with particular attention reserved for compensation of thermal expansion displacement and orientation. C. support systems should be rational to withstand pipe loads, static load and incidental load; reasonable piping displacement; guaranteed under various conditions, stress are within the allowed range. Strength, stiffness, and meet requirements to prevent vibration and soothing water, without affecting the adjacent equipment maintenance and other piping installation and expansion. D. equipment connected to the interface to meet pipeline thrust (torque) limit requirements; increase the stability of piping systems to prevent pipeline ... C. welding elbow should be not less than 1.5 times the pipe diameter. D. Press elbow should be not smaller than the outside diameter of the pipe. 9(微波炉在工作中，若出现故障或异常现象，必须先切断电源，及时检查修理。 第一部分 厨房用品 第2节:微波炉(2) 10(微波炉使用完毕后，一定要切断电源，拔掉插头，防止它进行空运转，损坏磁控管。 11(烹饪芋头、苹果、蛋黄、栗子、香肠、牡蛎等带皮、壳或膜的食物，应对其先用牙签插孔或开条裂缝，以防其爆裂、喷溅。完整的带壳鸡蛋、鸭蛋等蛋类，万万不可直接放入微波炉中加热，以防发生爆裂。 12(烹饪时加油应适量，用过多的油很难控制其温度。油加热要严格控制时间，加热时间过长会引起着火，一般可控制在比烹饪书提供的加热时间略长1分钟左右的时间内。为保证烹饪的菜肴不带生油味，以采用熟油或色拉油为好，但这时加热时间要控制到比说明书提供的加热时间短1,2分钟的时间内。 13(用微波炉烹饪时，应尽量减少用盐量，这样可避免烹饪的食物外熟内生，用盐调味的，应在烹饪即将结束前或烹饪后添加。 14(微波烹饪是靠食物中的水分子作用来完成的，所以水量要恰当，水分多的食物如蔬菜等，在烹饪时可不加水，以保存它的色泽和营养成分，而蒸鱼时可加入少许水，使烧好的鱼能保持原有的水分。 (微波炉的加热原理是利用微波使水分子振动摩擦生热，加热结束后，分子的振动并 15 不会立刻停止，还会继续加热片刻。所以在决定加热时间时必须考虑到这一点。食物经微波炉烹饪后，应搁置片刻再进食，一是让热量能均匀发散到食物内。二是防止食物内部温度过高烫伤嘴舌。对体积较大的食品尤其要注意这点。 16(烹饪含有很高糖分及脂肪的食物，如甜点心、肉馅饼、蛋糕等时，请严格遵守烹饪时间，超过烹饪时间可能会把食物烧焦。 17(在微波炉内烧开水或加热饮料时，请务必使用大口容器，以使气泡易于从水面溢出。 ?正确利用微波炉的挡位 微波炉功率一般采用5挡选择，各种功率的适用情况如下: 1(高功率 适宜煮需要时间短而又要求鲜嫩的食物，如蔬菜、米饭、家禽等。 第一部分 厨房用品 第3节:微波炉(3) 2(中高功率 carried out; 4) for spring hangers (included simple spring, hangers and constant support hangers) it should also be recognized as setting and locking of loads. 5) check the surface quality, folded layering and without cracks, rust and other defects. 5) after completion of the test and control drawing number one by one, by series baled. Color alloy steel parts, the parts marking installation location and rotation about the direction you want. 7.3.14. hangers installation 7.3.14.1 hanger layout a. a clear design of hanger should be installed strictly in accordance with the drawings and designs shall not be installed wrong, missing, etc. B. own arrangement of piping support and hanger set and selection should be based on comprehensive analysis of general layout of piping systems; cold installation of steam pipe with particular attention reserved for compensation of thermal expansion displacement and orientation. C. support systems should be rational to withstand pipe loads, static load and incidental load; reasonable piping displacement; guaranteed under various conditions, stress are within the allowed range. Strength, stiffness, and meet requirements to prevent vibration and soothing water, without affecting the adjacent equipment maintenance and other piping installation and expansion. D. equipment connected to the interface to meet pipeline thrust (torque) limit requirements; increase the stability of piping systems to prevent pipeline ... C. welding elbow should be not less than 1.5 times the pipe diameter. D. Press elbow should be not smaller than the outside diameter of the pipe. 适用于食物的再加热，烹饪纤维较密，需要时间较长的食物，如牛肉类。 3(中功率 适合需时稍长的食物，如焙烤食物，使食物干脆等。 4(中低功率 适合于将电冰箱冷冻过的食品解冻及烹饪低热食物。 5(低功率 适合于食品保温、软化牛油奶酪等食物及面团发酵等。 ?微波炉使用省钱法 1.菜肴适量:用微波炉加热菜肴，数量不宜过多，否则不仅加热的时间比较长，而且还会使菜肴变色或发焦。每次加热菜肴时，如果容器内菜肴的数量少一些，不仅能保证菜肴加热的效果，还能节省用电量。 2.减少开门:很多人在使用微波炉长时间烹饪食物时，都会时不时地打开看看，如果还没完全受热就再加热一会儿。其实，这样做会影响微波炉烹调的质量，应该尽量减少开关炉门的次数。 3.用小容器:使用小型容器热菜，可以同时在托盘上放几个容器，时间设置可再增加几分钟，这样可以得到较好的节能效果。 ?微波炉的清洁保养 1.微波炉工作时，炉门四周有雾珠、水滴等，属正常现象，可用软布及时擦干。 2.应经常保持门封的干净，并要定期检查门栓的光洁情况，勿让杂质存积其中。 3.用肥皂水经常清洗玻璃转盘和轴环，然后再用水冲净、擦干。若玻璃转盘和轴环是热的，则应等它冷却后再清洗。转盘和轴环清洗完毕后，应按原样复位。 4.避免溅到水，防止零件潮湿漏电。炉内未放置食品时，请勿空转加热，以免造成机件故障。转盘可拿出来清洗，但需小心以免打破。炉身的排气孔最好与墙壁保持一定的距离。 5.微波炉使用后，炉内壁须用微湿抹布擦干净，若有油或不易擦净，可蘸一点点色拉油用抹布擦拭，再用清水反复擦净。微波炉最好勿靠近煤气炉、电视机、收音机放置。炉内若有鱼腥味或异味，可将茶叶或柠檬片加热来除臭。 carried out; 4) for spring hangers (included simple spring, hangers and constant support hangers) it should also be recognized as setting and locking of loads. 5) check the surface quality, folded layering and without cracks, rust and other defects. 5) after completion of the test and control drawing number one by one, by series baled. Color alloy steel parts, the parts marking installation location and rotation about the direction you want. 7.3.14. hangers installation 7.3.14.1 hanger layout a. a clear design of hanger should be installed strictly in accordance with the drawings and designs shall not be installed wrong, missing, etc. B. own arrangement of piping support and hanger set and selection should be based on comprehensive analysis of general layout of piping systems; cold installation of steam pipe with particular attention reserved for compensation of thermal expansion displacement and orientation. C. support systems should be rational to withstand pipe loads, static load and incidental load; reasonable piping displacement; guaranteed under various conditions, stress are within the allowed range. Strength, stiffness, and meet requirements to prevent vibration and soothing water, without affecting the adjacent equipment maintenance and other piping installation and expansion. D. equipment connected to the interface to meet pipeline thrust (torque) limit requirements; increase the stability of piping systems to prevent pipeline ... C. welding elbow should be not less than 1.5 times the pipe diameter. D. Press elbow should be not smaller than the outside diameter of the pipe. 第一部分 厨房用品 第4节:微波炉(4) ?清除微波炉顽垢 微波炉使用后若不马上擦拭，很容易在内部结成油垢，这里提供一些招数除垢: 1(将一个装有热水的容器放入微波炉内热两三分钟，让微波炉内充满蒸汽，这样可使顽垢因饱含水分而变得松软，容易去除。 2(清洁时，用中性清洁剂的稀释水先擦一遍，再分别用清水洗过的抹布和干抹布进行最后的清洁，如果仍不能将顽垢除掉，可以利用塑料卡片之类物品来刮除，千万不能用金属片刮，以免伤及内部。 最后，别忘了将微波炉门打开，让内部彻底风干。 ?巧除微波炉内异味 微波炉在烹饪过水产类食品或气味较浓厚的，如韭菜、葱、蒜类食品后，炉腔内往往会产生异味，这样就必须对炉腔进行彻底清洁，将异味除掉，否则会影响到下道菜的味道。尤其是在做糕点时，因为糕点内气孔多，特别容易吸附气味，如果不清除异味，做出的糕点会不如原先香脆可口。 这里就给大家介绍一种除去微波炉内异味的简便方法。用玻璃杯或碗盛上一半清水，再在清水中加入少许柠檬汁或食醋，将玻璃杯或碗放入微波炉，用大火煮至沸腾后再煮片刻，待杯或碗中的水稍微冷却后，将其取出，再用湿毛巾擦拭炉腔四壁，吸净水分，这样就可以清除微波炉内的异味。 第一部分 厨房用品 第5节:灶具(1) 灶具 ?燃气灶的选购 1(选用燃气灶具种类应当根据当地气源进行选择。燃气大致分为液化石油气(Y)、人工煤气(R)、天然气(T)三大类，如果灶具类型与气体不符，将会发生危险。选灶具前，一定分清燃气种类。 2(包装、标识应齐全。包装应标明厂名、厂址、型号等，每台灶具都应有合格证、使用说明书。灶具侧面板应有铭牌，铭牌上标明厂名、型号、选用气体及压力、热流量及生产日期等。 3(适当的热量。家用燃气灶具的热流量值越大，加热能力越强，但实际上，热流量的大小应与烹饪方式及灶具相适应。 carried out; 4) for spring hangers (included simple spring, hangers and constant support hangers) it should also be recognized as setting and locking of loads. 5) check the surface quality, folded layering and without cracks, rust and other defects. 5) after completion of the test and control drawing number one by one, by series baled. Color alloy steel parts, the parts marking installation location and rotation about the direction you want. 7.3.14. hangers installation 7.3.14.1 hanger layout a. a clear design of hanger should be installed strictly in accordance with the drawings and designs shall not be installed wrong, missing, etc. B. own arrangement of piping support and hanger set and selection should be based on comprehensive analysis of general layout of piping systems; cold installation of steam pipe with particular attention reserved for compensation of thermal expansion displacement and orientation. C. support systems should be rational to withstand pipe loads, static load and incidental load; reasonable piping displacement; guaranteed under various conditions, stress are within the allowed range. Strength, stiffness, and meet requirements to prevent vibration and soothing water, without affecting the adjacent equipment maintenance and other piping installation and expansion. D. equipment connected to the interface to meet pipeline thrust (torque) limit requirements; increase the stability of piping systems to prevent pipeline ... C. welding elbow should be not less than 1.5 times the pipe diameter. D. Press elbow should be not smaller than the outside diameter of the pipe. 4(外观质量。灶具应美观大方，用手按压台面柄，无明显翘度;用手握住灶具两对角来回拧动，灶具无明显变形。面板材料不得使用马口铁，炉头、火盖应加工精细，无明显毛刺。 5(密性。简单试验方法如下:接通气源，关闭旋钮，用皂液刷涂管路、阀体及接口处，无气体泄漏方可。 6(点火开关。开、小火位置标注准确，拨动电子点火开关时，声音清脆有力，火点蓝而清晰。 7(火焰燃烧状态。点燃后，调节风门，能够调节出轮廓清晰、呈淡蓝色的火焰，不得产生黄焰、黑烟、回火等不完全燃烧的现象，这些现象直接影响灶具的热效率及烟气质量。关小气源，保留正常火焰1/3高度的小火焰，仍能正常燃烧，不熄火，不回火。 8(由于各地区燃气不尽相同，所以消费者选择灶具时最好选用经当地质量检验部门采用当地气源检验合格的产品。 ?安装燃气灶的常识 1(燃气灶一般要求安装在通风良好的厨房内，与钢瓶间的最小距离为l米，但进气软管最长不应超过2米，灶具下面及周围不要堆放易燃物品。 2(燃气灶背面与墙净距不小于15厘米，侧面与墙净距不小于20厘米;若墙面属易燃材料，须加贴隔热防火层，该防火层多出灶面两端及灶具以下部分应不小于10厘米，多出灶具以上部分应不小于80厘米。 3(进气管连接处的缝隙一定要密封，用胶管连接时，一定要把胶管上到位，并用卡箍夹紧。 ?电磁炉的使用 电磁炉是一种现代电子灶具，与传统灶具一样，可以用来煮、炒、煎、炸、蒸、焖食物。在使用时，应注意以下事项: 1(电磁炉的面板上切勿放置钢叉、小刀、未开的罐头等铁磁性物体，否则，会连面板上的铁磁性金属物件一起加热。 2(使用时，电磁炉不要与别的家用电器合用一个插座，必须使用单独的插座。 3(电磁炉使用时，必须与铁制搪瓷锅或铁制平底锅配用，千万不可配用铝、铜、沙锅以及锅底不平的炊具，否则，便不能使磁性开关接通电源。 第一部分 厨房用品 第6节:灶具(2) carried out; 4) for spring hangers (included simple spring, hangers and constant support hangers) it should also be recognized as setting and locking of loads. 5) check the surface quality, folded layering and without cracks, rust and other defects. 5) after completion of the test and control drawing number one by one, by series baled. Color alloy steel parts, the parts marking installation location and rotation about the direction you want. 7.3.14. hangers installation 7.3.14.1 hanger layout a. a clear design of hanger should be installed strictly in accordance with the drawings and designs shall not be installed wrong, missing, etc. B. own arrangement of piping support and hanger set and selection should be based on comprehensive analysis of general layout of piping systems; cold installation of steam pipe with particular attention reserved for compensation of thermal expansion displacement and orientation. C. support systems should be rational to withstand pipe loads, static load and incidental load; reasonable piping displacement; guaranteed under various conditions, stress are within the allowed range. Strength, stiffness, and meet requirements to prevent vibration and soothing water, without affecting the adjacent equipment maintenance and other piping installation and expansion. D. equipment connected to the interface to meet pipeline thrust (torque) limit requirements; increase the stability of piping systems to prevent pipeline ... C. welding elbow should be not less than 1.5 times the pipe diameter. D. Press elbow should be not smaller than the outside diameter of the pipe. 4(应把电磁炉放在空气流通处，这样才能让电磁炉内的冷却风扇发挥作用。此外，出风口离墙不可少于10厘米。 ?煤气灶火苗发红怎么办 家用煤气灶使用时间一长，会发生火苗燃烧时发红、灶具底部发黑等现象，这是因为油污和灰尘掉入灶具燃烧器小孔内的缘故。这时，可把燃烧器拆下，用旧牙刷在燃烧器小孔周围刷一遍，再用细铅丝逐个将孔捅一捅，在桌上轻叩几下，去掉污物即可。如有自行车打气筒，可对准小孔逐个吹一下效果更佳。清洗后的燃烧器，如果火焰仍发红，那是喷嘴上沾上了脏物，可取下燃烧器，露出喷嘴，用一根硬性塑料丝或毛棕捅几下，切不可用铜、铁等金属丝，以免将喷嘴毛细孔弄毛，影响喷嘴使用效果。 ?家庭炊事的防火 1(煨、炖、煮各种食品、汤类时，应有人看管，汤不宜过满，在沸腾时应降低炉温。 2(火锅在使用时，应远离可燃物，并使用不燃材料制作的桌板，或在锅底铺设不燃材料制作的垫板。 3(炉灶排风罩上的油垢要定时清除。 4(起油锅时，人不能离开，油温达到适当温度，应放入菜肴、食品。遇油锅起火时，特别注意不可向锅内浇水灭火。 ?灶具清洁法 1(炒菜时，溅到瓦斯炉面上的汤汁油渍，如不及时清除，可能会将出火孔堵塞住，影响燃烧效能。最好的办法是，每次煮完菜后，在瓦斯炉还有余热时用湿抹布擦拭一遍，如果炉子冷却之后再清理，污垢水渍就较难去除了。 2(污垢较难去除时，宜采用中性清洁剂，并以较细的丝瓜络布刷洗，也可用小苏打粉加热水代替清洁剂，忌用金属钢刷及酸性或碱性较强的清洁剂，以免损坏炉面。 3(除了炉面之外，瓦斯炉架和炉嘴都可拆装，需定期清洗，以铁丝刷刷去炉嘴的炭垢，以免炉嘴堵塞造成瓦斯燃烧不完全，影响家居安全，这可从炉火颜色是否变红来判断。 4(拆洗的炉嘴一定要等到完全干燥才可装回去，避免潮湿影响瓦斯燃烧。同时，要定期以肥皂水检查瓦斯橡皮管的接口是否有松动漏气，防止发生意外事故。 第一部分 厨房用品 第7节:灶具(3) 5(用吃完的橘子皮白色那面擦拭煤气灶就能去污。对于严重的污垢就用力挤出橘子表皮里的精油成分，用白色那面来擦拭。最后用湿抹布擦拭，就能去除油污。 carried out; 4) for spring hangers (included simple spring, hangers and constant support hangers) it should also be recognized as setting and locking of loads. 5) check the surface quality, folded layering and without cracks, rust and other defects. 5) after completion of the test and control drawing number one by one, by series baled. Color alloy steel parts, the parts marking installation location and rotation about the direction you want. 7.3.14. hangers installation 7.3.14.1 hanger layout a. a clear design of hanger should be installed strictly in accordance with the drawings and designs shall not be installed wrong, missing, etc. B. own arrangement of piping support and hanger set and selection should be based on comprehensive analysis of general layout of piping systems; cold installation of steam pipe with particular attention reserved for compensation of thermal expansion displacement and orientation. C. support systems should be rational to withstand pipe loads, static load and incidental load; reasonable piping displacement; guaranteed under various conditions, stress are within the allowed range. Strength, stiffness, and meet requirements to prevent vibration and soothing water, without affecting the adjacent equipment maintenance and other piping installation and expansion. D. equipment connected to the interface to meet pipeline thrust (torque) limit requirements; increase the stability of piping systems to prevent pipeline ... C. welding elbow should be not less than 1.5 times the pipe diameter. D. Press elbow should be not smaller than the outside diameter of the pipe. 6(喝剩的啤酒可用来清除煤气灶的污垢。啤酒中的糖分能分解油污，因此用抹布蘸上啤酒来擦拭，就能迅速去污。如果是难去除的顽垢就先浸泡一下再擦洗，擦拭后啤酒独特的气味约10分钟后就会消失。 7(把穿旧的绒毛衣剪成适当大小，蘸水拧干来擦拭，不需要清洁剂也能去除污渍。混着灰尘与油污的灶具很脏，但用蘸水的绒毛衣就能轻松擦去，不必擦两次。 8(把剪下的牛仔裤裤脚或不穿的牛仔裤剪成15cm方块备用。因为材质软硬适中、纤维粗糙，故只须蘸上少量的清洁剂就能擦去灶具周围的油污。 9(采用搪瓷器皿的煤气灶盘，使用前可在搪瓷灶盘上洒点凉水，烹调菜肴后灶盘上的污垢易清除。 第一部分 厨房用品 第8节:油烟机(1) 油烟机 ?油烟机选购的小窍门 1(讲究实用性，最好不要什么液晶显示，费钱也容易坏。 2(选传统机械式开关，不要用触摸式，不易坏且便宜，可替代性也高，坏了可修。 3(排风量是很重要的参数，带有集烟罩的深吸型比较好，出风口直径大的比较好。 4(玻璃和不锈钢面板擦洗比较方便，但比较贵。不需要自动清洗功能，基本没有什么作用，也容易坏。 ?油烟机使用的学问 据有关部门检测发现，液化石油气在不排烟的情况下燃烧20分钟，对人体健康有危害作用的二氧化碳可超过标准的9.47倍，一氧化碳超过标准10.75倍，而在液化气燃烧的同时开启抽油烟机，上述两种有害气体则分别只超过标准的1.73倍和4.55倍。通过实验分析表明，抽油烟机对二氧化碳、一氧化碳的排除率分别达到85.1%和73%。 所以，在使用液化石油气的过程中，打火后应及时开启抽油烟机，最好能先开启抽油烟机，然后打火，这样，在拧开钢瓶角阀打火瞬间产生的液化气可随之被吸掉。在关熄炉火时，也不要马上关掉抽油烟机，而应让它多吸一会儿，等有毒气体抽掉后再关机，这样更安全。 ?油烟机不能经常拆洗 1(经常拆洗抽油烟机，影响抽油烟机的使用寿命。因为每台抽油烟机在出厂时，都经过工厂流水线精密装配，严格检测，确保抽油烟机电机、涡轮、油路等关键部件的安装准确到位，经高科技含量的生产流水线在数字化管控状态下装配完成。而我们在拆洗抽油烟机过carried out; 4) for spring hangers (included simple spring, hangers and constant support hangers) it should also be recognized as setting and locking of loads. 5) check the surface quality, folded layering and without cracks, rust and other defects. 5) after completion of the test and control drawing number one by one, by series baled. Color alloy steel parts, the parts marking installation location and rotation about the direction you want. 7.3.14. hangers installation 7.3.14.1 hanger layout a. a clear design of hanger should be installed strictly in accordance with the drawings and designs shall not be installed wrong, missing, etc. B. own arrangement of piping support and hanger set and selection should be based on comprehensive analysis of general layout of piping systems; cold installation of steam pipe with particular attention reserved for compensation of thermal expansion displacement and orientation. C. support systems should be rational to withstand pipe loads, static load and incidental load; reasonable piping displacement; guaranteed under various conditions, stress are within the allowed range. Strength, stiffness, and meet requirements to prevent vibration and soothing water, without affecting the adjacent equipment maintenance and other piping installation and expansion. D. equipment connected to the interface to meet pipeline thrust (torque) limit requirements; increase the stability of piping systems to prevent pipeline ... C. welding elbow should be not less than 1.5 times the pipe diameter. D. Press elbow should be not smaller than the outside diameter of the pipe. 程中零部件难免磕磕碰碰，难免损耗关键零部件的保护涂层，加之装配检测条件的限制，其耐腐蚀性大大降低，而这些都会影响产品的使用寿命。 2(常拆洗抽油烟机必然会影响其使用效果。因为清洗过程中难免会使关键部件有微小的变形，或装配中部件安装不到位，这些都会使机器的阻力增大，耗能、噪音大，吸力变小，严重影响使用效果。另外，电源接线连接不好，也会影响其安全性能。所以，抽油烟机不宜多次拆洗。 ?清洗油烟机的常识 1(肥皂液涂抹法。将肥皂制成糊状，然后涂抹在叶轮等器件表面，抽油烟机用过一段时间后，拆下叶轮等器件，用抹布一擦，油污就掉了。 2(洗洁精、食醋浸泡法。将抽油烟机叶轮拆下，浸泡在用3,5滴洗洁精和50亳升食醋混合的一盆温水中，浸泡10,20分钟后，再用干净的抹布擦洗。外壳及其他部件也用此溶液清洗。此法对人的皮肤无损伤，对器件无腐蚀，清洗后表面仍保持原有光泽。 3(高压锅蒸汽冲洗法。把高压锅内冷水烧沸，待有蒸汽不断排出时取下限压阀，打开抽油烟机，将蒸汽水柱对准旋转扇叶，由于高热水蒸汽不断冲入扇叶等部件，油污水就会循道流入废油杯里，直到油杯里没有油为止。 4(使用油烟净清洗。市场出售的油烟净，具有去油力强、碱性适度的特点，且洗后具有光泽并具有防尘、防油的多重作用。油烟净带有喷雾器，使用方便。用这种东西清洗油烟机，只需每次做完饭略喷一点，稍置数分钟，用湿布一擦即净。清洗叶片，也只需在停机时向叶片喷上少许油烟净，稍置片刻，一开机，被溶解的油污就被甩掉流进油盒了。 第一部分 厨房用品 第9节:油烟机(2) 5(锯末擦拭法。拆下排气扇，用棉纱裹锯末，或直接用手抓锯末擦拭，油垢越厚越易擦掉，擦拭后用清水冲洗擦干，即可组装。 ?油烟机不沾油的窍门 1(应选择一种好的去油剂。选择时不仅要注意其去油能力，还要注意考查其腐蚀性、易清除性等多种性能。当然使用方便也很重要，要选择带喷头的、简便省时，且用量少。 2(改变观念，假如对油烟机像对白衬衫一样，时常清洗，每次只是举手之劳，又省时又省力，又时时保持干净。 3(自制油烟机简易防尘罩，厨房内抽油烟机顶部容易落下油尘和灰尘。为免除清洗之苦，可用旧挂历比着顶部大小，剪成不同形状的纸块铺盖在顶部，接缝处可用胶条粘住。一般两三个月更换一次即可。 4(抽油烟机的油盒清理起来比较麻烦，可将包甜橙用的塑料袋放入油盒内，贴紧盒壁，carried out; 4) for spring hangers (included simple spring, hangers and constant support hangers) it should also be recognized as setting and locking of loads. 5) check the surface quality, folded layering and without cracks, rust and other defects. 5) after completion of the test and control drawing number one by one, by series baled. Color alloy steel parts, the parts marking installation location and rotation about the direction you want. 7.3.14. hangers installation 7.3.14.1 hanger layout a. a clear design of hanger should be installed strictly in accordance with the drawings and designs shall not be installed wrong, missing, etc. B. own arrangement of piping support and hanger set and selection should be based on comprehensive analysis of general layout of piping systems; cold installation of steam pipe with particular attention reserved for compensation of thermal expansion displacement and orientation. C. support systems should be rational to withstand pipe loads, static load and incidental load; reasonable piping displacement; guaranteed under various conditions, stress are within the allowed range. Strength, stiffness, and meet requirements to prevent vibration and soothing water, without affecting the adjacent equipment maintenance and other piping installation and expansion. D. equipment connected to the interface to meet pipeline thrust (torque) limit requirements; increase the stability of piping systems to prevent pipeline ... C. welding elbow should be not less than 1.5 times the pipe diameter. D. Press elbow should be not smaller than the outside diameter of the pipe. 待盒中油满后取下盛满油的袋子，再换上新袋。这样既可解决油盒清理不净的烦恼，又利用了废塑料袋，一举两得。 第一部分 厨房用品 第10节:电饭锅 电饭锅 ?电饭锅的选购 电饭锅主要分三类，分别是普通型、西施型及电脑型。 1(普通型电饭锅又分单功能和多功能。单功能电饭锅只能蒸米饭。多功能电饭锅又有电子电饭锅和多用途电饭锅的区分，多用途电饭锅又有蒸层、蒸蛋层和面条笼等。蒸层主要可以用来蒸馒头、包子、菜和加热食物;蒸蛋层可以直接用来蒸蛋;面条笼可以用来煮面条、饺子等食物。电子电饭锅比普通电饭锅多一电子开关，用来调节煮饭和煮汤所需的不同温度，煮饭需要较高的温度，煮稀饭和汤需要较低的温度。 2(西施型电饭锅外型漂亮，一般来说有煮饭煮汤双功能(电子电饭锅)。也有的西施型电饭锅有内蒸层，但由于蒸层较浅，用途不大。西施型电饭锅有保温效果好(节电)的优点。 (电脑型电饭锅可以定时煮饭，自动控制煮饭的程度，缺点是功能少。 3 选购电饭锅要根据自己的需要选择适合自己使用的种类，每种电饭锅又有大小之分，根据人口的多少选择大小适合的型号。 普通型电饭锅质量有很大区别，选购时首先看内锅胆、外壳钢板是否足够厚，电饭锅整体重量如何。内在的质量不易看出，可以从品牌上选择，首选老牌子，杂牌的和多厂家生产同一商标的产品最好不选。 西施锅和电脑锅如果适合你，选择质量稳定的厂家产品。 ?电饭锅节电法 1(用电饭锅烧饭前1,2小时，先把米淘好;煮饭前看看内锅底部和受热铁板接触是否良好。这样可节省一定电量。 2(煮饭用开水，可节省电量30,。 3(煮饭用水量要掌握在恰好达到水干饭熟的标准，可节约用电量。 4(用电饭锅煮饭时，烧滚将要溢出时，关闭电源，待过5,10分钟再接通电源，直到自动关闭。然后焖10分钟左右开饭。 5(煮粥时，应在粥沸腾后及时拔下电源插头，以免耗电。在电饭锅的盖上，盖一层毛carried out; 4) for spring hangers (included simple spring, hangers and constant support hangers) it should also be recognized as setting and locking of loads. 5) check the surface quality, folded layering and without cracks, rust and other defects. 5) after completion of the test and control drawing number one by one, by series baled. Color alloy steel parts, the parts marking installation location and rotation about the direction you want. 7.3.14. hangers installation 7.3.14.1 hanger layout a. a clear design of hanger should be installed strictly in accordance with the drawings and designs shall not be installed wrong, missing, etc. B. own arrangement of piping support and hanger set and selection should be based on comprehensive analysis of general layout of piping systems; cold installation of steam pipe with particular attention reserved for compensation of thermal expansion displacement and orientation. C. support systems should be rational to withstand pipe loads, static load and incidental load; reasonable piping displacement; guaranteed under various conditions, stress are within the allowed range. Strength, stiffness, and meet requirements to prevent vibration and soothing water, without affecting the adjacent equipment maintenance and other piping installation and expansion. D. equipment connected to the interface to meet pipeline thrust (torque) limit requirements; increase the stability of piping systems to prevent pipeline ... C. welding elbow should be not less than 1.5 times the pipe diameter. D. Press elbow should be not smaller than the outside diameter of the pipe. 巾或隔热材料，可降低其散热速度，亦可节电。 ?电饭锅的清洗常识 电饭锅主要用于煮饭，内锅底的脏物主要是饭粒的焦渣，电饭锅的外漆也经常由于高温米汤的溢出而被腐蚀，使外壳的烤漆脱落。开关与安全装置还会因为米汤或饭粒的进入而失灵。清洗电饭锅主要有下面4个方法: 1(铝质内锅可用热水浸泡后再刷洗。内锅受酸的作用会被腐蚀产生黑斑，可用去污粉擦洗或用醋浸泡过夜后除净。 2(电饭锅外壳上的一般性污渍，可用洗洁灵或洗衣粉的水溶液进行清洗。 3(当电饭锅内部控制部位有饭粒或污物掉进去时，应用螺丝刀取下电饭锅底部的螺钉，揭开底盖，将其中的饭粒、污物除掉。 4(若有污物堆积在控制部位某一处时，可用小刀清除干净后，用无水酒精擦洗。但需注意，不能损伤电路控制装置。 ?电饭锅保养小常识 1(使用时，应将蒸煮的食物先放入锅内，盖上盖，再插上电源插头;取出食物之前应先将电源插头拔下，以确保安全。 2(使用过后，内锅经洗涤后，外表的水必须擦干后再放入电饭锅内。 第一部分 厨房用品 第11节:高压锅(1) 锅底部应避免碰撞变形。发热盘与内锅之间必须保持清洁，切忌饭粒掉入影响热效率甚至损坏发热盘。 3(内锅可用水洗涤，但外壳及发热盘切忌浸水，只能在切断电源后用湿布抹净。 4(不宜煮酸、碱类食物，也不要放在有腐蚀性气体或潮湿的地方。 ?电饭锅小毛病的“药方” 电饭锅使用前要检查一下电源插头、插座是否出现氧化层、松动等。如有这些现象，一般用小刀刮一刮，或用砂纸擦一擦均能起到保养作用。有时出现饭煮熟后不断电的情况，这种情况是电饭锅磁控开关中的弹簧失去了弹性，导致电饭锅达到103?时热敏磁块失磁后不能迅速切断电源的缘故。解决的方法是设法使弹簧恢复弹性再更换新弹簧。 高压锅 carried out; 4) for spring hangers (included simple spring, hangers and constant support hangers) it should also be recognized as setting and locking of loads. 5) check the surface quality, folded layering and without cracks, rust and other defects. 5) after completion of the test and control drawing number one by one, by series baled. Color alloy steel parts, the parts marking installation location and rotation about the direction you want. 7.3.14. hangers installation 7.3.14.1 hanger layout a. a clear design of hanger should be installed strictly in accordance with the drawings and designs shall not be installed wrong, missing, etc. B. own arrangement of piping support and hanger set and selection should be based on comprehensive analysis of general layout of piping systems; cold installation of steam pipe with particular attention reserved for compensation of thermal expansion displacement and orientation. C. support systems should be rational to withstand pipe loads, static load and incidental load; reasonable piping displacement; guaranteed under various conditions, stress are within the allowed range. Strength, stiffness, and meet requirements to prevent vibration and soothing water, without affecting the adjacent equipment maintenance and other piping installation and expansion. D. equipment connected to the interface to meet pipeline thrust (torque) limit requirements; increase the stability of piping systems to prevent pipeline ... C. welding elbow should be not less than 1.5 times the pipe diameter. D. Press elbow should be not smaller than the outside diameter of the pipe. ?高压锅的选购知识 1(压力锅按照国家标准要求，必须设有限压装置、安全压力保护装置和开合压力保护装置。目前市场上仍有大量老式的无开合压力保护装置压力锅，这些是已被淘汰的产品，是不符合国家质量标准要求的。 2(压力锅要有商标、厂名、厂址且必须有合格证。在选择知名企业产品时，要辨清仿冒产品，比如“苏泊尔”和仿冒“苏泊尔”;分清正厂和联营企业产品，比如正厂的锅用黑颜色胶木柄，联营企业的锅用橘黄色胶木柄，厂址也不同，除此之外，就完全一样了。超市里降价促销的往往都是以正厂名义卖的乡镇小厂的商品。 3(优质产品内外氧化好，抛光好，锅体和锅盖光洁、圆正、无坑、无划痕、无毛刺。密封胶圈应是透明、半透明的为好，灰白色、浅棕色的稍差。 4(检查限压装置。排气孔应光滑，通气顺畅。限压阀应平正，盖在排气孔上时应盖得严，否则容易跑气，达不到标准压力。 5(国家对生产压力锅的企业采取生产许可证。没有生产许可证的企业，质量无法保证。 ?买高压锅应注意细节 1(可用手指试一下，能否碰到下手柄的紧固螺钉，若能碰到，在锅内有压力的情况下端锅，手有可能触及到手柄紧固螺钉，会造成烫伤以及引发更大的伤害事故。 第一部分 厨房用品 第12节:高压锅(2) 2(用手轻轻拉一下密封胶圈，观察是否能够自动还原。弹性较差的胶圈，通常其材质不符合国标要求，而且使用寿命很短。另外，密封圈上应有压力锅制造商的商标(或厂名)和规格。 ?高压锅的安全使用 1(锅上火后，见到蒸汽稳定地从排气管冒出，要将限压阀及时扣上，限压阀上不可压放其他物品，更不能用其他物品来代替限压阀。当限压阀受蒸汽冲力而抬起，并听到嘶嘶的响声时，应当立即减小火力，直到食物烹熟为止。 2(关火后，要等锅冷却后再取下限压阀、开盖，否则有可能因为锅内气压过大而将锅盖冲起，发生危险。如果急于食用，可将温水或冷水慢慢浇在锅盖上来强制冷却，但以自然冷却为最好。 3(高压锅的胶圈用特殊橡胶制成，它是保证高压锅密闭性良好的重要部件，但长时间使用后会出现变色、变硬、变脆和弹性下降等老化现象，应该按照使用要求定期更换。平时在洗涤胶圈时，最好连同锅盖一同用水冲洗。 carried out; 4) for spring hangers (included simple spring, hangers and constant support hangers) it should also be recognized as setting and locking of loads. 5) check the surface quality, folded layering and without cracks, rust and other defects. 5) after completion of the test and control drawing number one by one, by series baled. Color alloy steel parts, the parts marking installation location and rotation about the direction you want. 7.3.14. hangers installation 7.3.14.1 hanger layout a. a clear design of hanger should be installed strictly in accordance with the drawings and designs shall not be installed wrong, missing, etc. B. own arrangement of piping support and hanger set and selection should be based on comprehensive analysis of general layout of piping systems; cold installation of steam pipe with particular attention reserved for compensation of thermal expansion displacement and orientation. C. support systems should be rational to withstand pipe loads, static load and incidental load; reasonable piping displacement; guaranteed under various conditions, stress are within the allowed range. Strength, stiffness, and meet requirements to prevent vibration and soothing water, without affecting the adjacent equipment maintenance and other piping installation and expansion. D. equipment connected to the interface to meet pipeline thrust (torque) limit requirements; increase the stability of piping systems to prevent pipeline ... C. welding elbow should be not less than 1.5 times the pipe diameter. D. Press elbow should be not smaller than the outside diameter of the pipe. ?高压锅防爆炸 为防止高压锅爆炸，应注意以下几点: 1(在使用前，要仔细检查锅盖的阀座气孔是否畅通，安全塞是否完好。 2(锅内食物不能超过容量的4/5。加盖合拢时，盖必须旋入卡槽内，上下手柄对齐。烹煮时，当蒸汽从气孔中开始排出后，再扣上限压阀。 3(当加温至限压阀发出较大的嘶嘶响声时，高压锅要立即降温。 4(烹煮时，如发现安全塞排气，要及时更换新的易熔片，切不可用铁丝、布条等东西堵塞。 ?高压锅保存食物法 1(将食物放在高压锅内蒸一下，锅开后将限压阀取下，待蒸汽放完后再盖上限压阀，使食物与空气基本隔绝，可保食品48小时不变质。 (汤类食物可直接在锅内煮开，先不放气，保存的时间更长。 2 ?高压锅把松动怎么办 高压锅盖子较紧，开合次数多了，下锅把容易松动，遇到这种情况，可剪一块呢绒或几层布叠起来，厚约2,3毫米，中间剪个小口，外形与锅把接触面相同，再穿上螺杆，用螺丝拧紧就不会松动了。 第一部分 厨房用品 第13节:铁锅(1) ?高压锅除垢 把用过的废牙膏皮沿边剪开，轻轻敲打平整，保留上面残留的牙膏做研磨剂。锅体用水浸泡一段时间，用备好的牙膏皮直接擦锅上的污垢，最后用清水冲净即可。因高压锅硬度比牙膏铝皮大，此法不会损伤锅体。 ?延长高压锅胶圈寿命小窍门 高压锅胶圈用过一段时间后就失去了原有的弹性而起不到密封作用。可用一段与高压锅胶圈周长相等的做衣服用的圆松紧带，夹在高压锅圈的缝中，其效果不亚于更换新高压锅胶圈。 铁锅 carried out; 4) for spring hangers (included simple spring, hangers and constant support hangers) it should also be recognized as setting and locking of loads. 5) check the surface quality, folded layering and without cracks, rust and other defects. 5) after completion of the test and control drawing number one by one, by series baled. Color alloy steel parts, the parts marking installation location and rotation about the direction you want. 7.3.14. hangers installation 7.3.14.1 hanger layout a. a clear design of hanger should be installed strictly in accordance with the drawings and designs shall not be installed wrong, missing, etc. B. own arrangement of piping support and hanger set and selection should be based on comprehensive analysis of general layout of piping systems; cold installation of steam pipe with particular attention reserved for compensation of thermal expansion displacement and orientation. C. support systems should be rational to withstand pipe loads, static load and incidental load; reasonable piping displacement; guaranteed under various conditions, stress are within the allowed range. Strength, stiffness, and meet requirements to prevent vibration and soothing water, without affecting the adjacent equipment maintenance and other piping installation and expansion. D. equipment connected to the interface to meet pipeline thrust (torque) limit requirements; increase the stability of piping systems to prevent pipeline ... C. welding elbow should be not less than 1.5 times the pipe diameter. D. Press elbow should be not smaller than the outside diameter of the pipe. ?铁锅的选购窍门 1(观察锅面 锅面光滑，但不要求平滑如镜，表面有不规则的浅纹是正常的，但如果纹路太密，则是次品。 2(擦点 “小凸起”可用砂轮磨去，“小窝坑”质量差，一些卖锅者常用石墨把“眼”填平，不易查出，只有用小刷子刷几下才能使其暴露。 3(检查锅底 锅底越小，传火越快，省燃料，省时间。 4(检查厚度 锅有薄厚之分，以薄的为好，鉴别时可将锅底朝天，用手指顶住凹面中心，用硬物敲击，锅声越响，手指震动越大者越好。 5(识“金相” 有锈斑的铁锅，说明存放时间较长，铁锅的存放时间越长越好。 ?铁锅的使用方法 1(新铁锅使用前可以在锅里加上盐，将盐炒成黄色，然后在锅内加水和油并煮开。要除掉腥味，可在锅内放少许茶叶，加水煮一下。如要除铁味，则可放些山芋皮煮一下。 2(铁锅容易生锈，不宜盛食物过夜。同时，尽量不要用铁锅煮汤，以免铁锅表面保护其不生锈的食油层消失。刷锅时也应尽量少用洗涤剂，以防这层食油“保护层”被刷尽。刷完锅后，还要尽量将锅内的水擦净，以防生锈。如果有轻微的生锈痕迹，可用醋来清洗。 3(用铁锅炒菜时，要急火快炒少加水，以减少维生素的损失。 4(不宜用铁锅煮酸性果品。因为果酸遇到铁后会产生低铁化合物，人吃后可能引起中毒。 第一部分 厨房用品 第14节:铁锅(2) ?铁锅怎样清除异味 1(新铁锅除味。新铁锅有一股怪味，在使用前，用火烧空锅，然后加入热水和菜屑等carried out; 4) for spring hangers (included simple spring, hangers and constant support hangers) it should also be recognized as setting and locking of loads. 5) check the surface quality, folded layering and without cracks, rust and other defects. 5) after completion of the test and control drawing number one by one, by series baled. Color alloy steel parts, the parts marking installation location and rotation about the direction you want. 7.3.14. hangers installation 7.3.14.1 hanger layout a. a clear design of hanger should be installed strictly in accordance with the drawings and designs shall not be installed wrong, missing, etc. B. own arrangement of piping support and hanger set and selection should be based on comprehensive analysis of general layout of piping systems; cold installation of steam pipe with particular attention reserved for compensation of thermal expansion displacement and orientation. C. support systems should be rational to withstand pipe loads, static load and incidental load; reasonable piping displacement; guaranteed under various conditions, stress are within the allowed range. Strength, stiffness, and meet requirements to prevent vibration and soothing water, without affecting the adjacent equipment maintenance and other piping installation and expansion. D. equipment connected to the interface to meet pipeline thrust (torque) limit requirements; increase the stability of piping systems to prevent pipeline ... C. welding elbow should be not less than 1.5 times the pipe diameter. D. Press elbow should be not smaller than the outside diameter of the pipe. 物煮一刻钟，怪味即除。 2.除锅内油渍味，炒过菜的锅烧开水时会有油渍味，若在开水锅内放一双未被油漆的筷子，油渍味便可消除。 3.除猪肉异味，炖猪肉或排骨汤时在锅里加上几块桔皮，可除异味和油感，增加汤的鲜味。 4.可把番薯皮放一些在锅内煮一会儿，然后倒出，将锅洗净，新铁锅的铁味就可以去除。 5.有鱼腥味的铁锅或其他器皿，用清水洗净控干，再用白酒10,15克涂擦一遍，待晾干后，即可去除鱼腥味。 6.在铁锅里放点茶叶，加上水煮一会儿，腥味就除去了。 ?西瓜皮去锅盖油污 先用西瓜皮擦锅盖上的油污，然后用清水冲洗，整个锅面就显得光鲜锃亮，而且没有丝毫的划伤痕迹。 ?延长熟铁锅寿命 延长铁锅的使用寿命，可在炒菜前将锅反悬于火上烘烤一会儿，时间长短视火势而定，通常在几秒至十几秒之间，然后再正放于炉上即可下油。这样，熟铁锅底部里外的热膨胀速度基本接近，便不会出现薄铁片分离、开裂的现象。 ?让铁锅保持光泽的秘诀 铁锅里容易积上油垢，可以用钝器把油垢铲掉，然后用热碱水洗刷。铁生锈的快慢和环境的酸碱度关系很大，在碱性环境中，铁不易生锈。 因此，经常用碱水刷锅，可以保持铁锅的光泽。 ?新铁锅不锈的窍门 新铁锅买回来，第一次洗刷不当，极易生锈。第一次切忌用水冲刷，而应先把锅加热，往锅里倒些食用油(最好是植物油)，再往锅里放少许青菜，然后用锅铲往锅里四周均匀擦刷。稍后往油腻腻的锅里倒些开水，再加把茶叶煮沸。这样刷洗出来的锅不易生锈。 ?铁锅炒菜最健康 目前锅具材质繁多，无论是金属材料还是搪瓷、沙锅，都可能含有一定量的有毒物质，如果选择和使用不当，这些有毒物质就会随食物进入人体损害健康。相比之下，铁锅炒菜是最健康的。铁锅多采用生铁制成，具有几乎不含有对人体有害的重金属元素、耐用的优点。carried out; 4) for spring hangers (included simple spring, hangers and constant support hangers) it should also be recognized as setting and locking of loads. 5) check the surface quality, folded layering and without cracks, rust and other defects. 5) after completion of the test and control drawing number one by one, by series baled. Color alloy steel parts, the parts marking installation location and rotation about the direction you want. 7.3.14. hangers installation 7.3.14.1 hanger layout a. a clear design of hanger should be installed strictly in accordance with the drawings and designs shall not be installed wrong, missing, etc. B. own arrangement of piping support and hanger set and selection should be based on comprehensive analysis of general layout of piping systems; cold installation of steam pipe with particular attention reserved for compensation of thermal expansion displacement and orientation. C. support systems should be rational to withstand pipe loads, static load and incidental load; reasonable piping displacement; guaranteed under various conditions, stress are within the allowed range. Strength, stiffness, and meet requirements to prevent vibration and soothing water, without affecting the adjacent equipment maintenance and other piping installation and expansion. D. equipment connected to the interface to meet pipeline thrust (torque) limit requirements; increase the stability of piping systems to prevent pipeline ... C. welding elbow should be not less than 1.5 times the pipe diameter. D. Press elbow should be not smaller than the outside diameter of the pipe. 铁锅炒菜不仅味道鲜美，而且能长期均匀地补充铁剂，从而可预防缺铁性贫血的发生，曾有调查表明，长期使用铁锅者，患贫血的机会要比用其他锅的人少很多。 第一部分 厨房用品 第15节:铝锅(1) 铝锅 ?铝制品使用的禁忌 1(忌久存久放 因为铝锅内壁及表面氧化层同菜肴或汤汁接触会发生缓慢的化学反应，酸性或碱性菜肴更为显著，时间一久铝锅就会出现漏洞。 2(忌用前不加热 在使用铝制品炊具前，最好略加一下热，使水膜和油腻形成致密的氧化膜，这能避免其氧化层破损处的氧化，减少铝的氧化，以减少铝的渗出。 3(忌铝铁混用 铝制品炊具与铁制品炊具硬度不同，铁硬铝软，铝制品炊具极易磨损刮伤，致使大量铝分子散落在炊具中被人食用。 (忌硬器摩擦 4 混进食物中的铝，几乎都是由于铝锅内壁受到其他硬质器具(如铲刀等)摩擦而带来的。如若非要用铲，可用木质或竹质的铲，也可以用竹筷翻动食物。 此外，用饭勺在铝锅内盛饭，也不应用力刮锅边和锅底。 5(忌存放米、面 米与面中都会有大量淀粉，存放时间一长，就会发酵并产生有机酸和二氧化碳。铝锅在有机酸、水和碳酸的侵蚀下，会出现白色斑点，脱落后又出现麻坑，甚至孔洞。 6(忌烧煮时间过长 烧煮食物时间越长，混进食物中的铝也就越多。一般来讲，用铝锅烧煮食物应控制在四个小时以内为宜。 7(忌碱、砂擦洗 如用碱水刷洗，会使保护膜溶在碱水中，使其失去保护作用。用砂灰擦洗铝制品也是这carried out; 4) for spring hangers (included simple spring, hangers and constant support hangers) it should also be recognized as setting and locking of loads. 5) check the surface quality, folded layering and without cracks, rust and other defects. 5) after completion of the test and control drawing number one by one, by series baled. Color alloy steel parts, the parts marking installation location and rotation about the direction you want. 7.3.14. hangers installation 7.3.14.1 hanger layout a. a clear design of hanger should be installed strictly in accordance with the drawings and designs shall not be installed wrong, missing, etc. B. own arrangement of piping support and hanger set and selection should be based on comprehensive analysis of general layout of piping systems; cold installation of steam pipe with particular attention reserved for compensation of thermal expansion displacement and orientation. C. support systems should be rational to withstand pipe loads, static load and incidental load; reasonable piping displacement; guaranteed under various conditions, stress are within the allowed range. Strength, stiffness, and meet requirements to prevent vibration and soothing water, without affecting the adjacent equipment maintenance and other piping installation and expansion. D. equipment connected to the interface to meet pipeline thrust (torque) limit requirements; increase the stability of piping systems to prevent pipeline ... C. welding elbow should be not less than 1.5 times the pipe diameter. D. Press elbow should be not smaller than the outside diameter of the pipe. 个道理，尽管一时擦得很干净，其结果是破坏了铝制品的保护层，反而影响其使用寿命。 ?铝铁炊具不可混用 烧菜用铁锅或不锈钢锅，而锅铲用铝的，铝铲是比较软的，会被铁锅锉损成粉状微粒，然后附在饭菜上进入人体。 铝元素进入人体内贮存到一定数量后，影响人体脑功能的正常发挥。所以铝铁炊具不能混用。 ?清除铝锅污垢的技巧 1(用水泡上适量的食碱，然后用蛋壳蘸上碱水擦拭，这样擦出来的铝制品表面光亮、细洁。擦时最好用块布盖在蛋壳上，以防蛋壳摩擦时划破手指。 第一部分 厨房用品 第16节:铝锅(2) 2(将两汤匙的洗洁剂，用半杯热水稀释，再用布擦湿铝锅，然后用水砂纸边蘸边擦。洗洁剂1匙，洗衣粉2匙，半铝锅水，放在炉上煮，3,5分钟后，手上戴1只纱手套，用1团打蜡用的铁线轻轻擦锅盖，然后再擦铝锅。 3(把锅放在热水中，用家禽羽毛擦洗。饭煮熟闷锅时，用旧报纸或湿布擦锅的表面，可保持锅的外表明亮清洁。 4(如果饭烧焦，煳印“印”在了铝锅上，可用经过燃烧并淋湿的木炭来擦洗。不管烧焦部位有多大、多厚，都能洗干净。 5(铝锅铝盆等用久了，表面发暗，油污难除，可用西红柿蒂、皮等加水在铝器中煮，因西红柿含较多果酸，可与铝器表面氧化层及油污发生化学反应，将油污除掉，恢复铝器的原有光泽。 6.铝锅有时用久了会变得焦黑难洗，这时可用苹果皮加水一起煮，焦黑的地方就会很容易被洗干净。 7(铁锅、铝锅底有了污垢，只需在锅内放些土豆皮，加水煮一下，水垢即可去除。 ?忌用钢丝球刷洗铝制器皿 不锈钢钢丝球刷已逐渐进入千家万户，它具有去污力强、不易霉变等特点。但是，它不宜用来洗刷铝制器皿。因为，不锈钢的硬度远远大于铝的硬度，在洗刷过程中，易将铝制器皿表面刮出划痕，破坏具有保护器皿作用的氧化膜。据有关资料表明，人体摄入过多的铝元素易引起血管硬化、影响儿童智力发育等。如果用失去氧化膜保护的铝制器皿烧煮食物，铝元素极易溶入食物中，影响人体健康。因此，应尽量避免用不锈钢钢丝球刷洗铝制器皿。 carried out; 4) for spring hangers (included simple spring, hangers and constant support hangers) it should also be recognized as setting and locking of loads. 5) check the surface quality, folded layering and without cracks, rust and other defects. 5) after completion of the test and control drawing number one by one, by series baled. Color alloy steel parts, the parts marking installation location and rotation about the direction you want. 7.3.14. hangers installation 7.3.14.1 hanger layout a. a clear design of hanger should be installed strictly in accordance with the drawings and designs shall not be installed wrong, missing, etc. B. own arrangement of piping support and hanger set and selection should be based on comprehensive analysis of general layout of piping systems; cold installation of steam pipe with particular attention reserved for compensation of thermal expansion displacement and orientation. C. support systems should be rational to withstand pipe loads, static load and incidental load; reasonable piping displacement; guaranteed under various conditions, stress are within the allowed range. Strength, stiffness, and meet requirements to prevent vibration and soothing water, without affecting the adjacent equipment maintenance and other piping installation and expansion. D. equipment connected to the interface to meet pipeline thrust (torque) limit requirements; increase the stability of piping systems to prevent pipeline ... C. welding elbow should be not less than 1.5 times the pipe diameter. D. Press elbow should be not smaller than the outside diameter of the pipe. ?铝锅除焦迹法 1(如果铝锅在煮饭时留下了焦迹，可取木炭块带水擦，即可将焦迹除掉。 2(在已经烧焦的铝制锅中放置一个切碎的洋葱，然后加入少许的水一起煮沸。不久之后，那些烧焦的残留物质，就会“轻松”地浮起来。 第一部分 厨房用品 第17节:砂锅 沙锅 ?买一个好沙锅 1(根据不同的需要购买 一般来说，煎药用的沙锅要求较低，选购价格便宜、无渗漏的沙锅即可。炖食品的沙锅要求较高，以质量好的白色沙锅为佳。 2(查看有无渗漏 选购时，要将沙锅内装入足量的水检查有无渗漏，也可用手轻轻敲击锅体，声音清脆则说明锅体完好，如有沙哑声音即说明沙锅已破损，最好不要购买。 3(看构造 好的沙锅结构合理，摆放平整，盖合严密，锅体圆正，内壁光滑，没有突出的沙粒。 4(看陶质 好的沙锅所选用的陶质细密，且多呈白色，表面釉的质量也很高，光亮均匀，锅体厚薄均匀，具有较好的导热性。 ?沙锅的正确使用 1(新沙锅内壁会沾有许多沙粒，需要用小刷子把它刷掉再用。 2(第一次用时，最好是煮面汤或煮粥，或先煮浓淘米水，放一段时间，使面糊、米汤干结，把锅壁的微小孔隙堵住，然后把锅刷净，这样可防止漏水，在烧水时也不会有吱吱的声音。 3(在使用沙锅前，还要注意外面的冷水要擦干，烧时锅内要保持一定的水量，切勿干烧。沙锅上炉，不可一下子就用大火，火要逐步加大，这样可防止爆裂。 4(从火上拿下来的热沙锅要放在干燥的木板上，不要放在冷湿的水泥地面上，尤其是carried out; 4) for spring hangers (included simple spring, hangers and constant support hangers) it should also be recognized as setting and locking of loads. 5) check the surface quality, folded layering and without cracks, rust and other defects. 5) after completion of the test and control drawing number one by one, by series baled. Color alloy steel parts, the parts marking installation location and rotation about the direction you want. 7.3.14. hangers installation 7.3.14.1 hanger layout a. a clear design of hanger should be installed strictly in accordance with the drawings and designs shall not be installed wrong, missing, etc. B. own arrangement of piping support and hanger set and selection should be based on comprehensive analysis of general layout of piping systems; cold installation of steam pipe with particular attention reserved for compensation of thermal expansion displacement and orientation. C. support systems should be rational to withstand pipe loads, static load and incidental load; reasonable piping displacement; guaranteed under various conditions, stress are within the allowed range. Strength, stiffness, and meet requirements to prevent vibration and soothing water, without affecting the adjacent equipment maintenance and other piping installation and expansion. D. equipment connected to the interface to meet pipeline thrust (torque) limit requirements; increase the stability of piping systems to prevent pipeline ... C. welding elbow should be not less than 1.5 times the pipe diameter. D. Press elbow should be not smaller than the outside diameter of the pipe. 在冬天，避免锅壁内外冷热不均，引起炸裂。 ?避免沙锅爆裂 1(新沙锅使用前，应先用米汤煮一下，或者用淘米水浸泡一段时间。这样做，一方面可以堵塞沙锅的细小孔隙，另一方面可以防止爆裂。 2(每次使用前，应当用干爽的抹布将沙锅外壁上的水渍擦干，最好待沙锅外壁干爽时使用。 3(用沙锅炖菜，锅内必须保持一定水分，保持沙锅均匀受热。 4(沙锅用火要适当。应开始时用小火，待水温升高后再用旺火，以防止沙锅内外冷热悬殊，锅内汤汁沸滚时应改为小火。凡需小火熬而且汤水多的菜肴，皆适宜使用沙锅，而汤汁少、性黏稠的菜肴则不宜使用沙锅。 5(烧好菜，沙锅端下后要放在支架上，使其四面通风缓慢降温。或者放在干燥的木板上，不宜将热沙锅直接放在桌面上，更不可放在瓷砖、玻璃板、水泥板上，或者直接将其置入冷水中。 第一部分 厨房用品 第18节:消毒碗柜 消毒碗柜 ?巧选消毒碗柜 消毒碗柜的功率不宜过大，600瓦左右比较合适。普通的3口之家，选择容积在50,60升左右的消毒碗柜，如果厨房面积受到限制，60升以下的消毒碗柜也可以满足需要。 ?电子消毒柜的合理使用 1(在使用前，需要将所有的餐具先洗净，沥干水分后再放入柜内，缩短消毒时间。 2(碗、盘、碟子、杯子等餐具，应竖放在层架上，不要叠放，餐具之间应留有一定空隙，以利于通气和尽快消毒，节约用电。 3(塑料等不耐高温的餐具，不宜放在高温消毒柜内，应放在臭氧消毒的低温柜内消毒，以免损坏餐饮具。 4(在使用臭氧消毒柜时，要注意臭氧发生器是否有效，凡是听不到高压放电的吱吱声，或看不到放电蓝光，说明臭氧发生器出现故障，应及时维修。 电炒锅 carried out; 4) for spring hangers (included simple spring, hangers and constant support hangers) it should also be recognized as setting and locking of loads. 5) check the surface quality, folded layering and without cracks, rust and other defects. 5) after completion of the test and control drawing number one by one, by series baled. Color alloy steel parts, the parts marking installation location and rotation about the direction you want. 7.3.14. hangers installation 7.3.14.1 hanger layout a. a clear design of hanger should be installed strictly in accordance with the drawings and designs shall not be installed wrong, missing, etc. B. own arrangement of piping support and hanger set and selection should be based on comprehensive analysis of general layout of piping systems; cold installation of steam pipe with particular attention reserved for compensation of thermal expansion displacement and orientation. C. support systems should be rational to withstand pipe loads, static load and incidental load; reasonable piping displacement; guaranteed under various conditions, stress are within the allowed range. Strength, stiffness, and meet requirements to prevent vibration and soothing water, without affecting the adjacent equipment maintenance and other piping installation and expansion. D. equipment connected to the interface to meet pipeline thrust (torque) limit requirements; increase the stability of piping systems to prevent pipeline ... C. welding elbow should be not less than 1.5 times the pipe diameter. D. Press elbow should be not smaller than the outside diameter of the pipe. ?买电炒锅前应查电 电炒锅的功率大都在1000,2000瓦之间。选购之前，最好检查一下家中使用的电度表，不要使电度表超载运行。方法是将欲选电炒锅的功率除以市电220伏，得到的电流值的安培数应小于电度表的标称安培数，或将市电220伏乘以电流表的标称安培数，得到的功率数应大于所购电炒锅的标称功率数。这样购回的电炒锅使用时，电炒锅的用电不会导致电度表过载。 ?巧试电炒锅的温控性能 插上电源插头，开关温控旋钮置“开”位置，指示灯应亮，将开关温控旋钮向“高温”处旋一些，当炉体内温度达到预设时，指示灯应熄灭，当锅冷却时将开关再向“高温”处旋一些时，炉体温度会继续升高，等再次达到温度时，指示灯又熄灭。最高温度可以达到250,300?。 ?电炒锅的安全使用 1(接通电源的顺序是，先将电源线一端与电炒锅连好，有恒温装置的要把调温旋钮旋在中间位置上，再将电源线另一端插入电源插座。有电源按钮开关的，要按下开关才能接通电源。 第一部分 厨房用品 第19节:火锅(1) 2(使用完毕后，应及时拔下插头，并轻拿轻放，同时将旋钮旋到停止位置，锅要放在干燥处。 3(不能湿手操作，更不能一手持金属柄铲炒菜，另一手开水龙头，以防止电炒锅漏电而触电。 4(锅内有污渍时，只能用干布擦洗或用木质工具铲刮，严禁将锅整体及电热插头浸入水中刷洗，以防内部受潮，绝缘不良发生触电事故。 火锅 ?火锅的选购常识 1(传统多用型火锅 这种火锅是锅、炉连在一体，以炭为燃料的火锅，主要有铜锅、铝锅和沙锅3种。锅的结构往往决定了火锅的优劣，一般来说，锅体膛大的使用效果较好，导热好，涮食品快。 2(电火锅 常见的电火锅功率为500瓦、750瓦、1000瓦、1200瓦、1500瓦。功率越大，加热速carried out; 4) for spring hangers (included simple spring, hangers and constant support hangers) it should also be recognized as setting and locking of loads. 5) check the surface quality, folded layering and without cracks, rust and other defects. 5) after completion of the test and control drawing number one by one, by series baled. Color alloy steel parts, the parts marking installation location and rotation about the direction you want. 7.3.14. hangers installation 7.3.14.1 hanger layout a. a clear design of hanger should be installed strictly in accordance with the drawings and designs shall not be installed wrong, missing, etc. B. own arrangement of piping support and hanger set and selection should be based on comprehensive analysis of general layout of piping systems; cold installation of steam pipe with particular attention reserved for compensation of thermal expansion displacement and orientation. C. support systems should be rational to withstand pipe loads, static load and incidental load; reasonable piping displacement; guaranteed under various conditions, stress are within the allowed range. Strength, stiffness, and meet requirements to prevent vibration and soothing water, without affecting the adjacent equipment maintenance and other piping installation and expansion. D. equipment connected to the interface to meet pipeline thrust (torque) limit requirements; increase the stability of piping systems to prevent pipeline ... C. welding elbow should be not less than 1.5 times the pipe diameter. D. Press elbow should be not smaller than the outside diameter of the pipe. 度越快，可根据自己的需要选择适当功率的电火锅。 选购时，要注意检查一下用电的安全性，安全性好的锅体平滑、光亮，没有裂纹。 ?电火锅的使用要点 1(电源线的两头应按接妥，有恒温装置的，则把开关放在中间或所需的位置。通常开始时放在“高温”挡，水烧开后，则可放在“保温”挡。 2(非恒温式的应注意锅的温度，更不能烧干锅。如需要清除锅中的水，应先断掉电源并稍冷却后再放出锅内的水。因为虽然断了电，但底部烧盘的温度仍很高，立即放水有烧坏锅底的可能。 3(不要用湿手摸电火锅，更不要一手摸电火锅，另一手去摸水龙头。万一漏电，就有触电的危险。 4(电火锅的功率一般较大，使用的插座和电源线要与所耗的功率相配，以免出现事故。 5(要注意保持电火锅的清洁卫生，每次使用完毕，应切断电源后再对电火锅进行清洗，清洗时应注意不要让水渗入锅体，最好用干布擦干净电热插座等处有油垢、杂物的地方。锅体表面也要保持洁净以免氧化。 6(锅体生铜锈后，继续使用有可能导致食物中毒，用布蘸食醋、盐擦拭锅体，可清除铜锈。 第一部分 厨房用品 第20节:火锅(2) 7(已经加热的电火锅不能移动，要等到冷却后才可移动。 8(分体式电火锅，要注意保持锅底的形状，防止变形影响热效率和使用寿命。 9(电火锅的电热元件具有热惯性，食物吃完应立即注入冷水降温，否则会使锅体空烧。 ?铜火锅的保养法 1(清洗 每次使用完之后，需要及时进行清洗，勿将残剩食物留在锅底，以免食物中的酸、碱腐蚀锅体。 2(擦拭 在清洗的基础上，遇有指印、油污，应及时用软布蘸少许牙粉或香粉轻轻地擦拭干净，可以保持铜火锅表面金属的光泽， carried out; 4) for spring hangers (included simple spring, hangers and constant support hangers) it should also be recognized as setting and locking of loads. 5) check the surface quality, folded layering and without cracks, rust and other defects. 5) after completion of the test and control drawing number one by one, by series baled. Color alloy steel parts, the parts marking installation location and rotation about the direction you want. 7.3.14. hangers installation 7.3.14.1 hanger layout a. a clear design of hanger should be installed strictly in accordance with the drawings and designs shall not be installed wrong, missing, etc. B. own arrangement of piping support and hanger set and selection should be based on comprehensive analysis of general layout of piping systems; cold installation of steam pipe with particular attention reserved for compensation of thermal expansion displacement and orientation. C. support systems should be rational to withstand pipe loads, static load and incidental load; reasonable piping displacement; guaranteed under various conditions, stress are within the allowed range. Strength, stiffness, and meet requirements to prevent vibration and soothing water, without affecting the adjacent equipment maintenance and other piping installation and expansion. D. equipment connected to the interface to meet pipeline thrust (torque) limit requirements; increase the stability of piping systems to prevent pipeline ... C. welding elbow should be not less than 1.5 times the pipe diameter. D. Press elbow should be not smaller than the outside diameter of the pipe. 3(存放 长时间不用时，可以将火锅用软布擦净、抹干，并在表面薄薄地涂抹一层豆油、花生油等食用植物油。然后置于盒内，放在通风较好的地方。 4(发暗的处理 铜火锅长久地使用后，表面将会发暗无光，针对这种情况，可以采用化工商店出售的擦铜粉擦拭，即可使铜火锅光亮如新。 ?醋可除铜火锅锈迹 铜火锅是由铜料制成的，盛水的部分为紫铜，其余部分则为黄铜。然而，若铜火锅停用一段时间后，火锅表面的铜与水和氧发生化学反应，会生成一层绿色的铜锈——碱式醋酸铜和硫酸铜，这两种化学物质均有毒性。 因此，在使用铜火锅前一定要特别注意，如铜火锅已生锈，可用布浸蘸食醋，再加点盐擦拭，一定要把铜锈彻底刷洗干净再使用，这样就不会在吃火锅时误食铜锈而中毒了。 第一部分 厨房用品 第21节:不锈钢制品(1) 不锈钢制品 ?不锈钢锅的真伪辨别 1(市场上的不锈钢锅有些产品印有“13-0”和“18-8”等钢印，这些字样标志着产品的原料成分及身价。 2(破折号前的数字代表含铬量，后者则代表含镍量，含铬不含镍的产品是不锈铁，容易生锈。含铬又含镍，才是不锈钢。 3(如果选购产品时分辨不清，还可随身带块磁铁，以辨真伪，吸起的是不锈铁，吸不起来的是不锈钢。 ?不锈钢制品的选择 不锈钢制品优点有许多:一是表面光洁，比较容易清洗;二是耐腐蚀，不生锈;三是强度大，耐磕碰，不易变形;四是使用寿命长;五是耐高温，不怕烧干锅。 选购不锈钢制品注意以下五个方面: 1(用棉纱沿边缘滑动，如有挂丝断丝现象，说明有飞边毛刺存在，也可用指甲盖轻轻滑动，如果滑动无声，就是没有飞边毛刺。 carried out; 4) for spring hangers (included simple spring, hangers and constant support hangers) it should also be recognized as setting and locking of loads. 5) check the surface quality, folded layering and without cracks, rust and other defects. 5) after completion of the test and control drawing number one by one, by series baled. Color alloy steel parts, the parts marking installation location and rotation about the direction you want. 7.3.14. hangers installation 7.3.14.1 hanger layout a. a clear design of hanger should be installed strictly in accordance with the drawings and designs shall not be installed wrong, missing, etc. B. own arrangement of piping support and hanger set and selection should be based on comprehensive analysis of general layout of piping systems; cold installation of steam pipe with particular attention reserved for compensation of thermal expansion displacement and orientation. C. support systems should be rational to withstand pipe loads, static load and incidental load; reasonable piping displacement; guaranteed under various conditions, stress are within the allowed range. Strength, stiffness, and meet requirements to prevent vibration and soothing water, without affecting the adjacent equipment maintenance and other piping installation and expansion. D. equipment connected to the interface to meet pipeline thrust (torque) limit requirements; increase the stability of piping systems to prevent pipeline ... C. welding elbow should be not less than 1.5 times the pipe diameter. D. Press elbow should be not smaller than the outside diameter of the pipe. 2(表面不能有磕碰、划伤和砂眼等毛病。 3(花纹不能有模糊不清的部分，纹路要清晰鲜明。 4(看安装是否有松动不牢的现象。 5(几何形状要对称规矩。 ?不锈钢厨具保养法 1(不锈钢厨具使用时间过长，会出现黑色污渍，用洗涤剂洗不净。如将牙膏挤在湿布上擦拭，就能快捷地除去污渍，使厨具光亮如新。 2(将不锈钢厨具洗净，再用橘子皮擦拭，这是保养不锈钢厨具的有效方法。 刀具 ?选购一把好菜刀 1(看刀的硬度 菜刀硬而不脆，就属于上好的刀。在选购菜刀时将一把菜刀斜压在另一把菜刀上，从刀背上端向下端推移，如果“打滑”则说明钢软，如果刀背上留下均匀刀印，即表示该菜刀钢质软硬适度，没有任何痕迹则说明钢太硬。 2(看刀口 刀口要求平直、均匀，夹钢无裂痕且纯正，刀口应无“退火”、“过火”现象，即不发蓝或发黄。 3(看刀身 刀身要求光滑平展，没有毛刺和裂纹的才是好刀。 4(看刀把 刀把要牢固，手感好，手握舒服，无裂缝。 ?使用菜刀的五忌 一忌切剁硬物:刀对硬物的抵抗力差，不宜用菜刀剁大骨头。 二忌接近高温:菜刀不宜放在锅盖、锅台、炉台等高温地方。应放在通风干燥处。 carried out; 4) for spring hangers (included simple spring, hangers and constant support hangers) it should also be recognized as setting and locking of loads. 5) check the surface quality, folded layering and without cracks, rust and other defects. 5) after completion of the test and control drawing number one by one, by series baled. Color alloy steel parts, the parts marking installation location and rotation about the direction you want. 7.3.14. hangers installation 7.3.14.1 hanger layout a. a clear design of hanger should be installed strictly in accordance with the drawings and designs shall not be installed wrong, missing, etc. B. own arrangement of piping support and hanger set and selection should be based on comprehensive analysis of general layout of piping systems; cold installation of steam pipe with particular attention reserved for compensation of thermal expansion displacement and orientation. C. support systems should be rational to withstand pipe loads, static load and incidental load; reasonable piping displacement; guaranteed under various conditions, stress are within the allowed range. Strength, stiffness, and meet requirements to prevent vibration and soothing water, without affecting the adjacent equipment maintenance and other piping installation and expansion. D. equipment connected to the interface to meet pipeline thrust (torque) limit requirements; increase the stability of piping systems to prevent pipeline ... C. welding elbow should be not less than 1.5 times the pipe diameter. D. Press elbow should be not smaller than the outside diameter of the pipe. 三忌用力过猛:使用菜刀时应尽量避免用力过猛，左右扭动，或与坚硬物品相碰，以免造成刀刃崩损。 四忌硬物磨损:切勿用砂轮或其他硬物磨，以防止刀刃损伤。刀使用完后，必须挂在刀架上，避免损伤刀刃。 第一部分 厨房用品 第22节:不锈钢制品(2) 五忌刀面生锈:切过青菜等有汁液的食物后，应立即擦干刀口，保持干燥、洁净，也可在刀面上擦上生油或用姜片擦拭，以防生锈。 ?菜刀怎样除腥 1(用柠檬皮擦拭可去菜刀腥味，但柠檬汁容易使菜刀生锈，所以在擦后，须用水冲洗擦干才行。 2(切过鱼、肉的菜刀会留有腥味，可先用清水冲洗、擦干，然后用生姜片擦拭，即可解除腥味。 (如果院子里有松软的泥土地，可将菜刀直接插入泥土中片刻，腥味就消失了，但应 3 注意把菜刀清洗干净再用。 4(可将刀浸在淘米水里、再加点盐擦洗，然后用热水冲净，就可清除腥味。 5(切过葱、蒜的刀有很重的气味，用盐末一擦，气味就消除了。 ?旧报纸加清洁剂就是磨刀石 把3,4张报纸卷紧，上下端弄齐后，以胶带固定。把刀滴上清洁剂，把卷起的旧报纸尖蘸水，从刀尾向刀尖来回摩擦约10次，就能变利。没有磨刀石可采用这种简便的方法。 ?刀叉变亮法 先把铝箔纸铺在盘上，再折起边缘成容器状。加入煮沸的热水200ml与小苏打1大匙，放入刀叉浸泡约4小时，再用清水洗，刀叉就能变得洁亮如新。 ?巧除菜刀锈污 1(葱头除锈:用切开的葱头擦拭生锈的刀，可以除去锈渍。 2(淘米水除锈:铁锅铲、菜刀、铁勺等炊具，在用过之后，把它们浸入比较浓的淘米水中，既能防锈又可除去锈渍。 carried out; 4) for spring hangers (included simple spring, hangers and constant support hangers) it should also be recognized as setting and locking of loads. 5) check the surface quality, folded layering and without cracks, rust and other defects. 5) after completion of the test and control drawing number one by one, by series baled. Color alloy steel parts, the parts marking installation location and rotation about the direction you want. 7.3.14. hangers installation 7.3.14.1 hanger layout a. a clear design of hanger should be installed strictly in accordance with the drawings and designs shall not be installed wrong, missing, etc. B. own arrangement of piping support and hanger set and selection should be based on comprehensive analysis of general layout of piping systems; cold installation of steam pipe with particular attention reserved for compensation of thermal expansion displacement and orientation. C. support systems should be rational to withstand pipe loads, static load and incidental load; reasonable piping displacement; guaranteed under various conditions, stress are within the allowed range. Strength, stiffness, and meet requirements to prevent vibration and soothing water, without affecting the adjacent equipment maintenance and other piping installation and expansion. D. equipment connected to the interface to meet pipeline thrust (torque) limit requirements; increase the stability of piping systems to prevent pipeline ... C. welding elbow should be not less than 1.5 times the pipe diameter. D. Press elbow should be not smaller than the outside diameter of the pipe. 3(生姜、生油除锈:平时菜刀用完后，可涂一点儿生油或用姜片擦拭，可以防止生锈。 4.西红柿除锈:先将西红柿汁涂在刀上，几分钟后再用抹布沾西红柿汁擦一遍，锈就除掉了。 5(萝卜片或马铃薯除锈:用萝卜片或马铃薯加少许细沙末擦洗，刀锈马上消除。平时用过了的菜刀，最好用布抹一点生油或用姜片擦过就能防锈。 ?保持菜板的清洁 1(生熟分开。由于生菜上有较多的细菌和寄生虫卵，因此，菜板不可避免地要受到污染，如果再用这样的菜板切熟食，就会使熟食污染。最好备两块菜板。 第一部分 厨房用品 第23节:不锈钢制品(3) 2(保持清洁。菜板用过后，用硬板刷和清水刷洗，将污物连同木屑一起洗掉。如果留有鱼、肉等腥味，可用溶有食盐的洗米水或洗涤灵擦洗，然后再用温水洗净。不要用开水烫，因为肉里的蛋白质残留在菜板上，遇热就凝固起来，不易洗净。洗过后竖起晾干。 3(菜板用一段时间后，可用菜刀将菜板上的木屑刮削一下，或用木工刨子刨削，使菜板污物彻底清除，并可使菜板保持平整，便于使用。 ?砧板防裂窍门 (砧板是非常容易开裂的。要想防止砧板开裂，买回新砧板后，应立即涂上食用油。 1 做法是:在砧板上下两面及周边涂上食用油，待油吸干后再涂，涂三四遍即可。砧板周边易开裂，可反复多涂几遍，油干后即可使用。经过这样处理，砧板就不易出现裂痕了。因为油的渗透力强，又不易挥发，可以长期润泽木质，能防止砧板爆裂。涂油还有防腐功能，砧板也因此经久耐用。 2(按1500克水、500克食盐的比例配成盐水，将新砧板浸入其中，一周左右取出。这样处理过的砧板则不易开裂。 ?巧除菜板细菌 木质菜板上有肉眼看不见的无数个洞穴，用菜板在切菜切肉时，残渣和汁液就会留在这些洞穴中，成了各种病菌的培养基地。 据检测，使用过7天的菜板的表面，每平方厘米有病菌20多万个，这对人的健康无疑是个威胁。要去除菜板细菌，可用以下3种方法: 1(刮板撒盐消毒法 每次用过菜板后，刮净板面上的残渣、油渍，往菜板上撒些盐，这样既可灭菌，又能防carried out; 4) for spring hangers (included simple spring, hangers and constant support hangers) it should also be recognized as setting and locking of loads. 5) check the surface quality, folded layering and without cracks, rust and other defects. 5) after completion of the test and control drawing number one by one, by series baled. Color alloy steel parts, the parts marking installation location and rotation about the direction you want. 7.3.14. hangers installation 7.3.14.1 hanger layout a. a clear design of hanger should be installed strictly in accordance with the drawings and designs shall not be installed wrong, missing, etc. B. own arrangement of piping support and hanger set and selection should be based on comprehensive analysis of general layout of piping systems; cold installation of steam pipe with particular attention reserved for compensation of thermal expansion displacement and orientation. C. support systems should be rational to withstand pipe loads, static load and incidental load; reasonable piping displacement; guaranteed under various conditions, stress are within the allowed range. Strength, stiffness, and meet requirements to prevent vibration and soothing water, without affecting the adjacent equipment maintenance and other piping installation and expansion. D. equipment connected to the interface to meet pipeline thrust (torque) limit requirements; increase the stability of piping systems to prevent pipeline ... C. welding elbow should be not less than 1.5 times the pipe diameter. D. Press elbow should be not smaller than the outside diameter of the pipe. 止菜板干裂。 2(刷烫消毒法 用硬刷和开水冲刷菜板，可去除板上的大部分细菌。 3(药物消毒法 在2千克水中加入浓度为5,的新洁尔灭8,16毫升，将菜板浸泡10,15分钟即可杀菌。在5千克水中放入漂白粉精片10片，将菜板浸泡10,15分钟，或用加入洗洁净的热水刷洗菜板，也可以起到去油灭菌的作用。 经药物和洗洁净刷洗过的菜板，要注意用清水冲洗干净后才能使用。 第一部分 厨房用品 第24节:炊具 炊具 ?铁制炊具的正确使用 20毫克铁就足够了。摄入过量的铁，一 一般来说，成年人在每日的膳食中能摄入15, 是损害胰腺，引起胰岛素分泌不足，导致铁源性糖尿病;二是损害肝脏，引起锈肝病等。 所以在使用铁制炊具时必须注意以下几点: 1(炒菜时，铲动次数不要太多。因为铲动次数越多，菜肴中的含铁量也就越多。 2(使用前要擦掉炊具上的锈斑，铁锈主要为氧化铁，摄入体内是有害的。 3(不要用铁制炊具盛放酸、碱食物，否则，会生成低铁化合物，食后引起中毒。 4(炒菜时需勤刷锅。这样可避免锅内剩余物焦化，影响菜肴的颜色味道。 ?延长炊具寿命的窍门 上火前，壶、锅等炊具外面的水要擦干后放上，因为煤或煤气燃烧时产生的二氧化硫或三氧化硫，很容易和壶或锅底的水结合生成亚硫酸或硫酸，因而对壶、锅起腐蚀作用，缩短炊具的使用寿命。 ?炊具的清洁消毒 炊具即为做菜做饭的器具，在家庭中常用的炊具有锅、铲刀、饭勺、汤勺、汤漏、捞勺、菜叉以及打蛋器、食品夹、冰淇淋器、印模等等。 carried out; 4) for spring hangers (included simple spring, hangers and constant support hangers) it should also be recognized as setting and locking of loads. 5) check the surface quality, folded layering and without cracks, rust and other defects. 5) after completion of the test and control drawing number one by one, by series baled. Color alloy steel parts, the parts marking installation location and rotation about the direction you want. 7.3.14. hangers installation 7.3.14.1 hanger layout a. a clear design of hanger should be installed strictly in accordance with the drawings and designs shall not be installed wrong, missing, etc. B. own arrangement of piping support and hanger set and selection should be based on comprehensive analysis of general layout of piping systems; cold installation of steam pipe with particular attention reserved for compensation of thermal expansion displacement and orientation. C. support systems should be rational to withstand pipe loads, static load and incidental load; reasonable piping displacement; guaranteed under various conditions, stress are within the allowed range. Strength, stiffness, and meet requirements to prevent vibration and soothing water, without affecting the adjacent equipment maintenance and other piping installation and expansion. D. equipment connected to the interface to meet pipeline thrust (torque) limit requirements; increase the stability of piping systems to prevent pipeline ... C. welding elbow should be not less than 1.5 times the pipe diameter. D. Press elbow should be not smaller than the outside diameter of the pipe. 1(清洗这些炊具，常用方法是在洗洁精稀释液中，用抹布、清洁球或刷子，清除这些炊具表面的油渍或食物残渣。而对于一些竹制或木制的炊具，还得注意刮除其丝丝缝缝中可能存留的残垢，然后用温水冲洗干净。 2(家庭炊具消毒的常用方法有煮沸消毒法、酒精烧灼法、直接在火灶上烧法、用电子消毒柜消毒法等。煮沸消毒法适于能浸没于锅里的较小炊具，如小巧的铲刀、汤勺、汤漏等。直接在火上烧法，适于久烧不变形的由金属类制成的炊具，如打蛋器、仪器夹等，但用该法消毒可能因烟熏而使炊具出现黑纹，应及时在清洁温水中冲洗。 3(在对炊具清洗并消毒后，要将炊具放置于固定的清洁架或橱柜里，以防清洗消毒前功尽弃。 ?马铃薯皮可洗不锈钢炊具 第一部分 厨房用品 第25节:餐具(1) 把马铃薯皮撒在不锈钢碗盆内，再倒入清洁剂擦拭，就很容易清洗干净。 餐具 ?陶瓷餐具巧挑选 1(最好到正规的商店购买安全、卫生的陶瓷用品，虽然价格贵些，但是质量有保障。 2(尽量挑选装饰面积小或釉中彩、釉下彩的陶瓷餐具，相对来说，这样的陶瓷餐具铅污染的可能性较小。 3(日用陶瓷并非越薄越好。薄的陶瓷制品往往强度低，容易破碎。 ?新彩瓷餐具应煮后使用 彩瓷餐具在制作过程中，色料及其助溶剂中的一些重金属离子化合物，如铝、镉、铬、铅、砷等有害物质就会不可避免地附在餐具上。 因此，彩瓷餐具买回后，应首先消除隐患。具体方法是:将它们放在加4%食醋的水溶液中煮一下，时间越长越好，这样即可使重金属离子化合物大部分被溶解出来。 ?怎样选购筷子 筷子种类很多，有木筷、竹筷，还有骨筷、象牙筷、金属筷、塑料筷等。然而，不同的筷子有不同的特点，也有不同的卫生要求。如果选用不当，有的筷子对人有利，而有的筷子对人有害。 1(一般说来，木筷子较为轻便，但容易弯曲，不耐用且吸水性强，极易将细菌随同卤carried out; 4) for spring hangers (included simple spring, hangers and constant support hangers) it should also be recognized as setting and locking of loads. 5) check the surface quality, folded layering and without cracks, rust and other defects. 5) after completion of the test and control drawing number one by one, by series baled. Color alloy steel parts, the parts marking installation location and rotation about the direction you want. 7.3.14. hangers installation 7.3.14.1 hanger layout a. a clear design of hanger should be installed strictly in accordance with the drawings and designs shall not be installed wrong, missing, etc. B. own arrangement of piping support and hanger set and selection should be based on comprehensive analysis of general layout of piping systems; cold installation of steam pipe with particular attention reserved for compensation of thermal expansion displacement and orientation. C. support systems should be rational to withstand pipe loads, static load and incidental load; reasonable piping displacement; guaranteed under various conditions, stress are within the allowed range. Strength, stiffness, and meet requirements to prevent vibration and soothing water, without affecting the adjacent equipment maintenance and other piping installation and expansion. D. equipment connected to the interface to meet pipeline thrust (torque) limit requirements; increase the stability of piping systems to prevent pipeline ... C. welding elbow should be not less than 1.5 times the pipe diameter. D. Press elbow should be not smaller than the outside diameter of the pipe. 味或洗洁精等吸入筷子内。 2(竹筷子没有特殊味道，不易弯曲，也不易吸入细菌等杂物。 3.骨筷子多用牛骨及象骨制成，其中以鹿骨制成的骨筷为最佳品，中医认为其具有一定的保健作用。 4(象牙筷子是用象牙制成的，呈红白色，其中以有美观的纹路者为上品。随着对大象的保护、禁猎，此类筷子已经少了。 5.银筷子用起来并不轻便，传说银筷子可以验毒，有防毒避邪的意思。 6(市场上还有一种油漆筷子，这种筷子上涂的油漆中含有铅、铬等有毒物质。比较起来，在一般家庭中还是以选购竹筷子较为实惠。 ?清洗餐具的学问 1(洗碗盘时，记得要先从没有油渍的餐具开始，光用水洗便能清洗干净。 第一部分 厨房用品 第26节:餐具(2) 2(盛装较为油腻菜肴的碗盘，请勿叠放后一并拿到水槽中，如此将使器皿更加油腻难以清洗。应先以果皮等物品将碗盘内油污刮除干净，再分别拿至水槽。 3(装过牛奶、面糊鸡蛋的食具，先用冷水浸泡后再用热水洗。 4(碗、碟、茶杯有了积垢，可用食盐、残茶或醋擦洗，效果较好。 5(锅铲、菜刀、饭勺等铁制品如果生锈可放在淘米水里几个小时，再用水洗即可除去锈迹。铝锅、铝盆及热水瓶外壳有积垢后，可蘸食盐或食碱少许擦洗。 6(珐琅器具、玻璃制品以及陶器等使用久了便会积满污秽油垢，可用醋与少许食盐冲成混合液洗刷，完全可以除掉污垢。 7(萝卜、马铃薯等蔬菜久放不新鲜后，一般都被丢弃了，相当可惜。其实，只要蔬菜的切口是新的，就可用来擦除餐具上的油污，方便又环保。擦拭之后，只要用水冲洗一下餐具，便能使之恢复洁净。 8(塑料餐具美观、轻便、不怕摔，但使用一段时间后，沾在上边的油污用一般洗碗用的洗涤灵极难清洗掉。你只要用湿布蘸点“五洁粉”用力一擦，餐具就会恢复原有的光泽了。 9(厨房里的玻璃制品(特别是灯泡)，常常被油烟熏黑，不易清洗，可以用抹布蘸些温热的食醋擦拭。或者在要擦的玻璃制品上先涂一层石灰水，干后用布擦净。 carried out; 4) for spring hangers (included simple spring, hangers and constant support hangers) it should also be recognized as setting and locking of loads. 5) check the surface quality, folded layering and without cracks, rust and other defects. 5) after completion of the test and control drawing number one by one, by series baled. Color alloy steel parts, the parts marking installation location and rotation about the direction you want. 7.3.14. hangers installation 7.3.14.1 hanger layout a. a clear design of hanger should be installed strictly in accordance with the drawings and designs shall not be installed wrong, missing, etc. B. own arrangement of piping support and hanger set and selection should be based on comprehensive analysis of general layout of piping systems; cold installation of steam pipe with particular attention reserved for compensation of thermal expansion displacement and orientation. C. support systems should be rational to withstand pipe loads, static load and incidental load; reasonable piping displacement; guaranteed under various conditions, stress are within the allowed range. Strength, stiffness, and meet requirements to prevent vibration and soothing water, without affecting the adjacent equipment maintenance and other piping installation and expansion. D. equipment connected to the interface to meet pipeline thrust (torque) limit requirements; increase the stability of piping systems to prevent pipeline ... C. welding elbow should be not less than 1.5 times the pipe diameter. D. Press elbow should be not smaller than the outside diameter of the pipe. ?筷子应勤换 一双筷子用了半年以后，在筷子上面细小的凹槽里就会残留许多细菌和清洁剂，在这种情况下，致病的机会很多。而且筷子最容易传播幽门螺杆菌，这种病菌极易引发胃炎。特别是多数家庭洗筷子的时候，并不是一双双慢慢地清洗，而是整把一起搓洗，很难彻底把筷子洗干净。 要防止筷子传播疾病，最好的办法是用消毒柜消毒。筷子上如果有防滑凹槽的，洗过之后最好用干布擦干净。 如果长时间不换筷子，还会引发伤寒、痢疾等疾病。因此，除了要对筷子勤消毒外，至少要半年更换一次。 第一部分 厨房用品 第27节:餐具(3) ?餐具使用不当会致病 1(铝制餐具 铝在人体内积累过多，会引起动脉硬化、老年骨质疏松、痴呆等症。因此，应注意不要用铝铲刮锅壁，另外，不宜用铝制餐具来久存饭菜和长期盛放含盐食物。 2(铁制餐具 毒性不大，但生锈的铁制餐具不宜使用，因为铁锈可引起呕吐、腹泻、食欲不振等现象。另外，还要注意油类不宜长期放在铁制器皿内，因为铁具易被氧化腐蚀。 3(铜制餐具 此类餐具色泽金黄，外表华丽，但它生锈之后会产生铜绿，即碳铜和蓝矾，都是有毒物质，可使人发生恶心、呕吐的症状，甚至导致严重的中毒事故。 4(陶瓷餐具 陶瓷餐具外形美观，质地清脆，绝热性能好。不过陶瓷中的釉含有铅，铅具有毒性，人体摄入过多就会损害健康。 5(搪瓷餐具 这类餐具含有硅酸铅之类的铅化合物，如果加工处理不好就会对人体有害，所以在购买搪瓷餐具时，应选用工艺精湛的优质产品为好。 6(竹木餐具 carried out; 4) for spring hangers (included simple spring, hangers and constant support hangers) it should also be recognized as setting and locking of loads. 5) check the surface quality, folded layering and without cracks, rust and other defects. 5) after completion of the test and control drawing number one by one, by series baled. Color alloy steel parts, the parts marking installation location and rotation about the direction you want. 7.3.14. hangers installation 7.3.14.1 hanger layout a. a clear design of hanger should be installed strictly in accordance with the drawings and designs shall not be installed wrong, missing, etc. B. own arrangement of piping support and hanger set and selection should be based on comprehensive analysis of general layout of piping systems; cold installation of steam pipe with particular attention reserved for compensation of thermal expansion displacement and orientation. C. support systems should be rational to withstand pipe loads, static load and incidental load; reasonable piping displacement; guaranteed under various conditions, stress are within the allowed range. Strength, stiffness, and meet requirements to prevent vibration and soothing water, without affecting the adjacent equipment maintenance and other piping installation and expansion. D. equipment connected to the interface to meet pipeline thrust (torque) limit requirements; increase the stability of piping systems to prevent pipeline ... C. welding elbow should be not less than 1.5 times the pipe diameter. D. Press elbow should be not smaller than the outside diameter of the pipe. 这种餐具本身不具有毒性，但易于被微生物污染，使用时应刷洗干净。涂上油漆的竹木餐具对人体有害。 7(塑料餐具 塑料餐具具有很强的耐水性，但含有氯乙烯致癌物，长期使用会诱发癌症。 ?餐具买回应消毒 碗、筷等餐具，因为都要经过加工、装运、销售才能到达消费者手中。因此，将这些东西买回家后，不能简单洗刷即用，而应放入锅内，用盐水煮沸消毒后方可使用。 ?正确使用不锈钢餐具 1(使用前，在不锈钢餐具的表面涂上一层薄薄的植物油，并用火来烘干。这样就像给不锈钢制品表面穿上了一层微黄色的油膜袍，使用起来既容易清洗，又可延长其使用寿命。 2(不锈钢器皿在加热时应该注意使之受热均匀(最好使火苗包围住锅底，如炉口小也可转动器皿，使之均匀受热)，这样做既不容易煳锅，炒出来的菜味道又好。 第一部分 厨房用品 第28节:茶具(1) 3(不锈钢餐具使用后注意清洗擦干，保持清洁。不要用砂纸、炉灰或细沙擦拭不锈钢器皿。 ?餐具快干法 洗过的餐具再用抹布擦干，费事不卫生。若将洗净的餐具在开水中浸片刻或用开水慢慢将餐具浇淋一遍，既有消毒作用，且三四分钟后餐具又都变干了。 ?餐具难清洗，网袋来帮忙 把清洗餐具的海绵装入网袋中来用，就能提高洗净效果。网袋的材质软硬适中，不伤用具又能洗到各个角落。网格较细的网袋，更容易起泡。 茶具 ?茶具的选购 使用茶具要根据茶叶的种类、人数的多少以及各地饮用习惯而定。 1(北方人喜欢喝的花茶，一般常用瓷壶冲泡，用瓷杯饮用，壶的大小视人数多少而定。 2(南方人喜欢炒青或烘青的绿茶，多用有盖瓷壶冲泡;乌龙茶宜用紫砂茶具冲泡。 carried out; 4) for spring hangers (included simple spring, hangers and constant support hangers) it should also be recognized as setting and locking of loads. 5) check the surface quality, folded layering and without cracks, rust and other defects. 5) after completion of the test and control drawing number one by one, by series baled. Color alloy steel parts, the parts marking installation location and rotation about the direction you want. 7.3.14. hangers installation 7.3.14.1 hanger layout a. a clear design of hanger should be installed strictly in accordance with the drawings and designs shall not be installed wrong, missing, etc. B. own arrangement of piping support and hanger set and selection should be based on comprehensive analysis of general layout of piping systems; cold installation of steam pipe with particular attention reserved for compensation of thermal expansion displacement and orientation. C. support systems should be rational to withstand pipe loads, static load and incidental load; reasonable piping displacement; guaranteed under various conditions, stress are within the allowed range. Strength, stiffness, and meet requirements to prevent vibration and soothing water, without affecting the adjacent equipment maintenance and other piping installation and expansion. D. equipment connected to the interface to meet pipeline thrust (torque) limit requirements; increase the stability of piping systems to prevent pipeline ... C. welding elbow should be not less than 1.5 times the pipe diameter. D. Press elbow should be not smaller than the outside diameter of the pipe. 3(工夫红茶和红碎茶，一般用瓷壶或紫砂壶冲泡。品饮西湖龙井、君山银针、洞庭碧螺春等茶中珍品，选用无色透明的玻璃杯最为理想。 4(还有品饮绿茶类名茶或其他细嫩绿茶，茶杯均宜小不宜大，用大杯则水量多、热量大，茶叶容易被“烫熟”，对茶汤的色、香、味会有影响。其实，单纯为品茶而非收藏，可根据个人喜好、喝茶种类及经济实力选壶。 ?巧选茶壶 1(壶“口”与出水之壶“嘴”要在同一水平线上。 2(出水要流畅，水流如注，快速倒完、不打滚、不溅水花。 3(壶盖与壶身要能密合，如果壶盖的通气孔开在盖钮顶端，提壶倒水时，用手指将气孔堵住，壶水即无法流出，这把壶就禁水了。能禁水的壶在泡茶操作上比较方便应手。 ?巧除茶杯内壁的积垢 1(在杯中加少许温水，将几片维生素C捣碎，放入杯中，搅匀后，用该水溶液浸润内壁。随后，用食指抵着一片维生素C片，轻轻摩擦内壁，积垢即可除去。另外，用牙膏擦拭杯壁，也可除去茶垢。 第一部分 厨房用品 第29节:茶具(2) 2(茶杯上有茶垢，可用土豆皮将其去掉:土豆皮放在茶杯中，然后冲入开水，盖上杯盖，闷几分钟，就可将茶垢除掉。 3(把一两颗山楂掰开放入茶杯中，冲入热水，稍闷一会儿，杯内的茶锈会自然脱落，再轻轻擦拭即可。 4(利用腐坏的草莓，取4,5个放在茶杯中捣烂，加水搅拌均匀泡一夜(需没过茶锈)。第二天轻轻一抹，锈迹全无，光洁如新。 5(碗、搪瓷杯、搪瓷饭盒及印花塑料餐具，若有茶锈和污渍，将这些碗具用冷水冲湿，然后倒上小苏打粉末，用手指稍使劲儿一抹，很快就干净了。这比用丝瓜瓤、百洁丝等蘸去污粉、洗涤灵、洗衣粉擦好，可避免不洁、有味或化学污染。 ?玻璃杯的选购 如果选购热饮用的玻璃杯，从耐温度变化来讲，薄的比厚的好。因为薄的玻璃杯冲入沸水，热能迅速传开，使杯身均匀膨胀，不易爆裂。 ?倒开水防玻璃杯破裂窍门 carried out; 4) for spring hangers (included simple spring, hangers and constant support hangers) it should also be recognized as setting and locking of loads. 5) check the surface quality, folded layering and without cracks, rust and other defects. 5) after completion of the test and control drawing number one by one, by series baled. Color alloy steel parts, the parts marking installation location and rotation about the direction you want. 7.3.14. hangers installation 7.3.14.1 hanger layout a. a clear design of hanger should be installed strictly in accordance with the drawings and designs shall not be installed wrong, missing, etc. B. own arrangement of piping support and hanger set and selection should be based on comprehensive analysis of general layout of piping systems; cold installation of steam pipe with particular attention reserved for compensation of thermal expansion displacement and orientation. C. support systems should be rational to withstand pipe loads, static load and incidental load; reasonable piping displacement; guaranteed under various conditions, stress are within the allowed range. Strength, stiffness, and meet requirements to prevent vibration and soothing water, without affecting the adjacent equipment maintenance and other piping installation and expansion. D. equipment connected to the interface to meet pipeline thrust (torque) limit requirements; increase the stability of piping systems to prevent pipeline ... C. welding elbow should be not less than 1.5 times the pipe diameter. D. Press elbow should be not smaller than the outside diameter of the pipe. 冬天，往玻璃杯里倒开水时，杯子往往容易发生破裂。如果先在杯里放一金属物，如铜叉、铜勺等，再倒入开水，玻璃杯就不易破裂了。 ?套叠玻璃杯分开法 两只套在一起的玻璃杯，有时会套得很紧，很难分开，若用蛮力，容易把杯子弄碎。这时，可以把套在外面的杯子浸在温水里，浸一会儿再边转边拔，里面的杯子装上冷水，这样里边的杯子就可以很容易拿出来了。 ?玻璃制品快速黏合 用等量的芸香、白树胶，加酒精少许，使之溶化;另将白鱼胶浸软，加白酒浸到溶化。以上两种溶液各取一份掺和，用来黏合玻璃器皿，明净无痕。 ?玻璃杯上雾的去除法 平时用来洗餐具的清洁剂与海绵刷不易去除玻璃杯的雾或污垢，以醋加盐就会出现惊人的效果。以1:1的比例把醋与盐搅拌成糊状，用旧牙刷蘸上来刷洗，就能完全去除污垢，让杯子变得亮晶晶。 第一部分 厨房用品 第30节:水壶(1) 水壶 ?水壶把不烫手法 烧开水时，水壶把往往放倒靠在水壶上，水开时，壶把很烫，不小心就可能烫伤。可将小铝片(或铁丝)用万能胶水粘在壶把侧方向做一小卡子，烧水时壶把靠在上面成直立状即可。这样把就不烫了。 ?除水垢窍门 1(先把空壶放在火上烘烤，当水壶一丝水蒸气也不冒时，取下立刻浸入冷水盆中，但不要让水进入壶内。由于铅、铁等金属和水垢的膨胀系数相差很大，壶底接触冷水后急剧收缩，厚厚的水垢就会碎裂，成块脱落。 2(铝壶中积起一层水垢，水垢与铝壶底紧密连接，不易去除，如在烧水时，放一小匙苏打，煮几分钟，水垢就很容易去掉。 3(将积有水垢的壶内盛上半壶水，使其完全结冰，将壶底朝上，骤然浇上滚烫的热水，水垢便从壶底及壶壁上完全脱落。 4(将一团干净的不锈钢丝球放入水壶，一段时间后水垢绝大部分都结在丝球上，取出carried out; 4) for spring hangers (included simple spring, hangers and constant support hangers) it should also be recognized as setting and locking of loads. 5) check the surface quality, folded layering and without cracks, rust and other defects. 5) after completion of the test and control drawing number one by one, by series baled. Color alloy steel parts, the parts marking installation location and rotation about the direction you want. 7.3.14. hangers installation 7.3.14.1 hanger layout a. a clear design of hanger should be installed strictly in accordance with the drawings and designs shall not be installed wrong, missing, etc. B. own arrangement of piping support and hanger set and selection should be based on comprehensive analysis of general layout of piping systems; cold installation of steam pipe with particular attention reserved for compensation of thermal expansion displacement and orientation. C. support systems should be rational to withstand pipe loads, static load and incidental load; reasonable piping displacement; guaranteed under various conditions, stress are within the allowed range. Strength, stiffness, and meet requirements to prevent vibration and soothing water, without affecting the adjacent equipment maintenance and other piping installation and expansion. D. equipment connected to the interface to meet pipeline thrust (torque) limit requirements; increase the stability of piping systems to prevent pipeline ... C. welding elbow should be not less than 1.5 times the pipe diameter. D. Press elbow should be not smaller than the outside diameter of the pipe. 用清水冲洗，再放入水壶反复使用。一般半年内壶底少有结垢，这时可用丝球擦拭壶底即可，不锈钢丝球无毒，耐高温，不生锈不易损坏，清洗使用方便，是家庭防水垢的好帮手。 5(在水壶里放进丝瓜瓤，粗大的1个即可。去籽、洗净，煮开水时水碱就进入瓤内，时间长了瓤中水碱多时，拿出来搓搓，用水冲掉再放回壶内用，初次煮开的水因有瓜味，水可做他用，若泡茶水瓜味则不明显。 6(鸡蛋除水垢。烧开水的壶用久了积垢坚硬难除，可用它煮上两次鸡蛋，会收到理想的效果。 7(土豆皮除水垢。将土豆皮放在壶里面，加适量的水烧沸，煮10分钟左右，可除去水垢。 8(水壶煮山芋防垢也除垢。在水壶内放半壶水以上的山芋，加满水将山芋煮熟即可，经过2至3次之后，原来的水垢会逐渐脱落，并还能起到防止再积水垢的作用。 9(口罩防积水垢。在烧水壶里放干净的口罩，烧水时水垢会被吸附。 10(夏季，将剩米汤、面汤装入结满水垢的水壶中，越稠越好，如不够可兑少量水。然后放置几天，使其自然发酵变酸后，壶中水垢就会慢慢脱落。放置时间越长，去垢效果越明显。此法也可用于去暖瓶中水垢。用剩米、面汤去水垢，安全又简便，不损坏容器。 第一部分 厨房用品 第31节:水壶(2) ?瘪水壶巧复原 1(将瘪铝水壶装满水，将打气筒插入壶嘴，再用布条将壶嘴塞紧，稍予打气后，即可复原。 2(将瘪铝水壶灌满水放入冰箱(或冬天放在室外)，水结冰时体积膨胀，就会把磕瘪处顶起来，使之复原。 薄铁皮容器如果瘪了也可以用此两法复原。 ?自制开水报警哨 1(找一个完整的防暑降温清凉油的空盒，在正中心钻5mm的小孔，孔边拍平对准合上即可。用嘴试吹吸几次，你认为满意时再粘在壶盖上。 2(在壶盖上开一个较大一点的小洞，将报警哨对准后粘牢即可。 3(壶盖与报警哨之间凹凸不平粘不牢，可在小洞的周围用万能胶水浸过的白棉线堆成墙形，等黏合力正强时，将报警哨粘牢即可。 carried out; 4) for spring hangers (included simple spring, hangers and constant support hangers) it should also be recognized as setting and locking of loads. 5) check the surface quality, folded layering and without cracks, rust and other defects. 5) after completion of the test and control drawing number one by one, by series baled. Color alloy steel parts, the parts marking installation location and rotation about the direction you want. 7.3.14. hangers installation 7.3.14.1 hanger layout a. a clear design of hanger should be installed strictly in accordance with the drawings and designs shall not be installed wrong, missing, etc. B. own arrangement of piping support and hanger set and selection should be based on comprehensive analysis of general layout of piping systems; cold installation of steam pipe with particular attention reserved for compensation of thermal expansion displacement and orientation. C. support systems should be rational to withstand pipe loads, static load and incidental load; reasonable piping displacement; guaranteed under various conditions, stress are within the allowed range. Strength, stiffness, and meet requirements to prevent vibration and soothing water, without affecting the adjacent equipment maintenance and other piping installation and expansion. D. equipment connected to the interface to meet pipeline thrust (torque) limit requirements; increase the stability of piping systems to prevent pipeline ... C. welding elbow should be not less than 1.5 times the pipe diameter. D. Press elbow should be not smaller than the outside diameter of the pipe. 第一部分 厨房用品 第32节:橱柜台面(1) 橱柜台面 ?怎样保养橱柜柜体 1(橱柜柜体自身会有基本的防潮处理，但仍不可直接或长时间对着柜体冲水，以免板材因潮湿而损坏，故柜体表面有水渍，也应立即用干抹布擦干。 2(平日清洁以微湿抹布擦拭即可，若遇较难擦拭的，可用中性清洁剂轻刷。而定期的保养消毒，可以用漂白水与水1:1的稀释液擦拭，锅具碗盘等物品尽量擦干后再放入柜体，同时避免尖锐物品直接刮伤表面，勿用钢刷刷洗。 3(开关门板不宜太过用力，或是超过开门角度(110度)，铰链及其他金属部分，避免水渍长期积留。 ?厨房台面的日常保养 台面的清洁和保养重点，一般清洁以湿布即可，如有斑点，可用肥皂水及中性清洁剂清洗，切忌使用化学性强的清洁剂，当遇到不好应付的污垢时，不妨使用肥皂水，若为雾面台面，则可使用去污粉，以画圆周方式轻轻擦拭，同样的方法可应用于被香烟灼烧的情况。 另外，还需特别注意不要让粗糙的化学品，如染料剥离剂、松香油、丙酮等直接接触台面，或是将热锅直接放到台面上，这些行为都会损坏台面表面，故应于台面上放置隔热垫以避免此种情形发生。 虽然台面容易修护，但还是有些操作上应注意的事项，如切东西时应准备砧板，不要直接在台面上切食物，最后应预防各种损坏的发生，好让厨具永远如新。 ?让不锈钢水槽亮起来 1(把用过的保鲜膜卷成团，用它来擦拭水池的内壁，可使水池变得光亮而干净。 2(把包装水果的塑料袋卷成团，用来擦拭水池，在有污渍的地方放上一些洗涤剂，定可使水池洁净如新。 3(把百洁巾浸泡在啤酒中，然后用来擦拭水池，可以收到光亮而干净的效果。 ?洗碗槽清洁窍门 1(面粉可代替清洁剂使用。用海绵刷蘸上烹调后剩余的面粉来刷洗碗槽的内侧，因面粉具有吸附油和污垢的作用而使洗碗槽瞬间变得洁亮如新。 2(用完的麦茶包同样适合用来清理洗碗槽。麦茶包坚固，可用来代替绵刷。茶的成分carried out; 4) for spring hangers (included simple spring, hangers and constant support hangers) it should also be recognized as setting and locking of loads. 5) check the surface quality, folded layering and without cracks, rust and other defects. 5) after completion of the test and control drawing number one by one, by series baled. Color alloy steel parts, the parts marking installation location and rotation about the direction you want. 7.3.14. hangers installation 7.3.14.1 hanger layout a. a clear design of hanger should be installed strictly in accordance with the drawings and designs shall not be installed wrong, missing, etc. B. own arrangement of piping support and hanger set and selection should be based on comprehensive analysis of general layout of piping systems; cold installation of steam pipe with particular attention reserved for compensation of thermal expansion displacement and orientation. C. support systems should be rational to withstand pipe loads, static load and incidental load; reasonable piping displacement; guaranteed under various conditions, stress are within the allowed range. Strength, stiffness, and meet requirements to prevent vibration and soothing water, without affecting the adjacent equipment maintenance and other piping installation and expansion. D. equipment connected to the interface to meet pipeline thrust (torque) limit requirements; increase the stability of piping systems to prevent pipeline ... C. welding elbow should be not less than 1.5 times the pipe diameter. D. Press elbow should be not smaller than the outside diameter of the pipe. 有分解油的作用，因此即使不用清洁剂也能去污，使洗碗槽变得光亮照人，也可使用红茶包或绿茶包。 3(对于沾上水垢或油污的不锈钢洗碗槽，可将用过的保鲜膜揉成一团用力摩擦，不需要清洁剂就能洗得干净而发亮。有用过的保鲜膜就随手擦拭洗碗槽来保持洁净。 4(把饮料瓶中喝剩的汽水等碳酸饮料倒入洗碗槽，用海绵刷轻轻擦拭，洗碗槽就会不可思议地变得亮起来。没有气的汽水也能获得相同的效果。 5(因脱线而不穿的丝袜，把脚的部分剪成3等份，在一侧打结做成袋状，就变成滤网。1只丝袜能做6个滤网，套在排水口内侧，经常更换能保持洗碗槽的清洁。 6(煮面条的煮汁对去除油污非常有效。这是因为溶于煮汁中的面粉能包裹油。趁热淋上煮汁，即使凝固的油污也能轻松去除。 7(烹调咖哩或焗烤菜等使用马铃薯时，在洗完餐具后，用马铃薯皮的里侧来擦拭碗槽，也不要忘记擦拭不锈钢的各角落或水龙头周围。擦拭后冲水，雾就会消失。 ?清洁橱柜玻璃的方法 容易沾染油污的橱柜玻璃要经常清理，一旦发现有油渍时，用洋葱的切片擦拭就可以了，也可使用保鲜膜和蘸有洗涤剂的湿布来擦拭。 第一部分 厨房用品 第33节:橱柜台面(2) 1(将玻璃全面喷上清洁剂，再贴上保鲜膜，使凝固的油渍软化，过10分钟后，撕去保鲜膜，再以湿布擦拭即可。 2(如果有花纹的毛玻璃脏了，可用蘸有清洁剂的牙刷顺着图样打圈擦抹，同时在牙刷的下面放条抹布，防止污水滴落。 3(清除玻璃被贴上的不干胶贴纸，可用刀片将贴纸小心刮除，再用指甲油的去光水擦拭，就可以全部去除了。 ?橱柜门板清洁方法 1(橱柜门板上的一般污垢:可使用家用清洁剂，用尼龙刷或尼龙球擦拭，再用湿热布巾擦拭，最后用干布进行最后擦拭。 2(肥皂或油脂凝结于表面:使用尼龙布擦拭，使用含甲醇酒精或煤油喷涂凝结处再用尼龙刷擦洗，再用干布擦。 3(印泥和标记:用湿热布巾擦。 carried out; 4) for spring hangers (included simple spring, hangers and constant support hangers) it should also be recognized as setting and locking of loads. 5) check the surface quality, folded layering and without cracks, rust and other defects. 5) after completion of the test and control drawing number one by one, by series baled. Color alloy steel parts, the parts marking installation location and rotation about the direction you want. 7.3.14. hangers installation 7.3.14.1 hanger layout a. a clear design of hanger should be installed strictly in accordance with the drawings and designs shall not be installed wrong, missing, etc. B. own arrangement of piping support and hanger set and selection should be based on comprehensive analysis of general layout of piping systems; cold installation of steam pipe with particular attention reserved for compensation of thermal expansion displacement and orientation. C. support systems should be rational to withstand pipe loads, static load and incidental load; reasonable piping displacement; guaranteed under various conditions, stress are within the allowed range. Strength, stiffness, and meet requirements to prevent vibration and soothing water, without affecting the adjacent equipment maintenance and other piping installation and expansion. D. equipment connected to the interface to meet pipeline thrust (torque) limit requirements; increase the stability of piping systems to prevent pipeline ... C. welding elbow should be not less than 1.5 times the pipe diameter. D. Press elbow should be not smaller than the outside diameter of the pipe. 4(铅笔:用碎布蘸水或用橡皮擦。 5(毛笔或商标印:用布蘸甲醇酒精或丙酮擦。 6(油漆:用布蘸丙醇或香蕉水、松香水擦。 第一部分 厨房用品 第34节:其他厨房用具(1) 其他厨房用具 ?搪瓷烧锅的选购 选择一套称心如意的搪瓷烧锅，应先从外观上检查，盖上盖后，看能否自转动，盖与锅身之间不得出现空隙。 1(盖与锅身的颜色要一致，锅的边部不得有高低不平的现象，胶木配件必须安装牢固，不得有松动，表面必须光滑，不得有破损，外观上胶木柄必须无气泡、裂纹。 2(锅身和盖子的边上不锈钢圈不得转动，表面光滑，无毛刺。不锈钢包边与身、盖接口处瓷面不能有擦毛，没有碎瓷。 3(再看一下内外表面的瓷层是否有脱瓷、爆点、小气泡及网状花纹，特别是不得有鱼鳞状的小块掉瓷。 ?铜制食具忌盛冷食品 使用铜制食具，如铜勺、铜盘、铜锅、铜盆等，在使用前，要打磨干净。铜制食具的最大缺点是与氧化合生成铜绿，铜绿有毒，装入铜制食具中的冷食品，危害人体健康，因冷却容易使铜发生氧化作用，使得铜离子渗入食品中，产生危害。 ?选个好锅煲靓汤 1(沙锅:沙锅的保温性好，虽然加热起来比较慢，但同时散热也慢，能够充分地将热量集中到锅中，使汤能够充分受热，用文火和小火，这样长时间的微沸腾，汤中易于入味儿。它的热传导性能差，因此不会煳锅。适合炖煮一些较难出味的食物，做汤就更不在话下了。 2(紫砂锅:紫砂不含任何有害物质;紫砂含铁量丰富，还含多种人体所需微量元素。铁，能分解食物中的脂肪，降低胆固醇，有利于人体碱性健康体质的形成。 3(电磁炉不锈钢汤煲:电磁炉不锈钢汤煲比较省事，能自动烧水，煲汤。同一挡火火力恒定，火力稳而快，从小火到大火，能迅速调节，并且省电，用磁场涡流致热，比用煤气省。但一般用在电磁炉上的金属器皿，如不锈钢、铝等制的煲，没有陶瓷器皿烹调的食物那么原汁原味。 carried out; 4) for spring hangers (included simple spring, hangers and constant support hangers) it should also be recognized as setting and locking of loads. 5) check the surface quality, folded layering and without cracks, rust and other defects. 5) after completion of the test and control drawing number one by one, by series baled. Color alloy steel parts, the parts marking installation location and rotation about the direction you want. 7.3.14. hangers installation 7.3.14.1 hanger layout a. a clear design of hanger should be installed strictly in accordance with the drawings and designs shall not be installed wrong, missing, etc. B. own arrangement of piping support and hanger set and selection should be based on comprehensive analysis of general layout of piping systems; cold installation of steam pipe with particular attention reserved for compensation of thermal expansion displacement and orientation. C. support systems should be rational to withstand pipe loads, static load and incidental load; reasonable piping displacement; guaranteed under various conditions, stress are within the allowed range. Strength, stiffness, and meet requirements to prevent vibration and soothing water, without affecting the adjacent equipment maintenance and other piping installation and expansion. D. equipment connected to the interface to meet pipeline thrust (torque) limit requirements; increase the stability of piping systems to prevent pipeline ... C. welding elbow should be not less than 1.5 times the pipe diameter. D. Press elbow should be not smaller than the outside diameter of the pipe. 4(高压锅:用高压锅煲汤比较省时，有人认为用高压锅煲汤营养会大量流失。其实不然，用高压锅煲出来的汤应该说更有营养，因为高压锅煲汤是在一个密封的环境下，营养是不会流失的。 ?怎样使用蒸锅和汤锅 (蒸锅:使用蒸锅时，食物完全密闭在容器中，因此营养以及食物的原味都被保存得 1 很好，蒸锅又被称为健康烹饪器皿。 2(汤锅:汤锅通常为材质较厚、不易散热的沙锅、搪瓷锅，这样做出的汤味道鲜美，而且营养也不易流失。使用汤锅时，先用小火将锅身烧热，再慢慢加大火力，使锅内外壁受热均匀，延长汤锅的使用寿命。 ?电烤箱选购法 1(根据需要选择。简易电烤箱能自动控温，价格较便宜，但烤制时间要由人工控制，适合一般家庭需要。若选择温度、时间和功率都能自控的高级家用电烤箱，不但在使用上方便很多，也安全可靠。 2(视人口选功率。电烤箱功率一般在500,1200W之间。如果家庭人口少且不经常烤制食品，可选择500,800W;若家庭人口多，又经常烤制大件食物，应选择800,1200W。 第一部分 厨房用品 第35节:其他厨房用具(2) (选购时要现场通电试验。先看指示灯是否点亮。变换功率选择开关位置，观察上、 3 下发热元件是否工作正常。可将温度调节钮调到200度，双管同时工作20分钟左右，烤箱内温应达到200度。然后烤箱能自动断电，指示灯熄灭。若达到如上要求，说明其恒温性能良好，否则为不正常。 ?洗碗机的选购 要选购一台物美价廉、经济实惠的洗碗机，需要参考以下四个方面: 1(选择一种合适的型号 洗碗机的种类比较多，按其开门装置区分，可分为前开式和顶开式两种。前开式的门打开后，可以像书桌一样拉出每个格架，放取餐具非常方便，且由于其顶部不开，还给用户提供更多的使用空间。顶开式与之相比，则放取餐具不太方便，顶部也无法充分利用。 按洗涤方式分，洗碗机又可分为叶轮式、喷射式、淋洗式和超声波式等4种。目前，较为常用的为叶轮式和喷射式，这两种洗涤方式的洗碗机具有结构简单、效果较好、售价低和维修容易等优点，消费者可根据家庭情况和个人爱好选择。 2(挑选合适的规格 carried out; 4) for spring hangers (included simple spring, hangers and constant support hangers) it should also be recognized as setting and locking of loads. 5) check the surface quality, folded layering and without cracks, rust and other defects. 5) after completion of the test and control drawing number one by one, by series baled. Color alloy steel parts, the parts marking installation location and rotation about the direction you want. 7.3.14. hangers installation 7.3.14.1 hanger layout a. a clear design of hanger should be installed strictly in accordance with the drawings and designs shall not be installed wrong, missing, etc. B. own arrangement of piping support and hanger set and selection should be based on comprehensive analysis of general layout of piping systems; cold installation of steam pipe with particular attention reserved for compensation of thermal expansion displacement and orientation. C. support systems should be rational to withstand pipe loads, static load and incidental load; reasonable piping displacement; guaranteed under various conditions, stress are within the allowed range. Strength, stiffness, and meet requirements to prevent vibration and soothing water, without affecting the adjacent equipment maintenance and other piping installation and expansion. D. equipment connected to the interface to meet pipeline thrust (torque) limit requirements; increase the stability of piping systems to prevent pipeline ... C. welding elbow should be not less than 1.5 times the pipe diameter. D. Press elbow should be not smaller than the outside diameter of the pipe. 洗碗机的规格通常以其耗电功率的大小来表示，也有以机内存放碗碟的有效容积来表示。没有设干燥装置的洗碗机，其耗电功率只不过几十瓦;而带干燥功能的洗碗机，其功率有600瓦至1200瓦不等。至于选择多大规格的洗碗机，一般来讲，三四口之家，可选购700,900瓦的洗碗机。 3(选择必要的功能 目前，洗碗机发展很快，一些高新技术得到了大量应用，如微电脑控制、气泡脉动水流、双旋转喷臂、传感器检测等，令人在选购时眼花缭乱。 其实，普通家庭在功能的选择上，只要具备洗、涮、干燥3种功能及自动程序控制就可以了。在一些新功能中，快速洗涤、冲涮、旋转喷刷等也是较实用的。 4(选择良好的外观 洗碗机外壳的烤漆应该均匀、光亮和平滑，四周及把手无锋边利角。碗架格拉出要方便、灵活，无卡滞现象。各功能键、钮要开关灵活，通断良好。通电后，洗碗机的水泵和电动机要运转自如，且振动要小，噪音要低。操作完毕后，洗碗机应能自动切断电源。 第一部分 厨房用品 第36节:其他厨房用具(3) ?电咖啡壶的选购 选购电咖啡壶主要从以下三方面着手: 1(形式的选择。目前广泛使用的电咖啡壶主要有三种形式:渗滤式、滴漏式和真空式。渗滤式电咖啡壶使用方便，规格较多，价格低廉，但比较客易烧坏，可靠性略差。滴漏式电咖啡壶的座架常采用色彩鲜明、装饰性强的塑料制成，而且冲制的咖啡效果好，只是价格稍贵一些。真空式电咖啡壶冲制的咖啡味道较前两种更加可口，只是因为它在气密情况下工作，故障比较多，而且结构复杂，所以不及前两种普及。 2(规格大小的选择。电咖啡壶的规格大小，常以其耗电功率来表示，有的也以容量大小来表示。以功率表示的常有300瓦至1000瓦等不等的规格，以容量表示的则有0.3升至1.5升等几种规格。一般家庭选择容量为0.5,0.8升的规格即可，这种规格的咖啡壶一次可冲制4,8杯咖啡。 3(外观和性能的选择。电咖啡壶的外壳、座架和各构件应美观大方无变形，无被硬物撞击造成的凹陷、破损和裂痕，手柄手感要良好，塑料件无毛刺、无漏水和控制机构失灵等现象。电咖啡壶的绝缘性能应安全可靠，无漏电现象。电源插头、插座要接插灵活。自动恒温器的工作要可靠，能正常通断电源。 ?怎样使用豆浆机 carried out; 4) for spring hangers (included simple spring, hangers and constant support hangers) it should also be recognized as setting and locking of loads. 5) check the surface quality, folded layering and without cracks, rust and other defects. 5) after completion of the test and control drawing number one by one, by series baled. Color alloy steel parts, the parts marking installation location and rotation about the direction you want. 7.3.14. hangers installation 7.3.14.1 hanger layout a. a clear design of hanger should be installed strictly in accordance with the drawings and designs shall not be installed wrong, missing, etc. B. own arrangement of piping support and hanger set and selection should be based on comprehensive analysis of general layout of piping systems; cold installation of steam pipe with particular attention reserved for compensation of thermal expansion displacement and orientation. C. support systems should be rational to withstand pipe loads, static load and incidental load; reasonable piping displacement; guaranteed under various conditions, stress are within the allowed range. Strength, stiffness, and meet requirements to prevent vibration and soothing water, without affecting the adjacent equipment maintenance and other piping installation and expansion. D. equipment connected to the interface to meet pipeline thrust (torque) limit requirements; increase the stability of piping systems to prevent pipeline ... C. welding elbow should be not less than 1.5 times the pipe diameter. D. Press elbow should be not smaller than the outside diameter of the pipe. 1(浸泡豆子:黄豆(约70克)洗净后泡入水中6,16小时。 2(杯体加水:向杯体内加入清水，至上、下水位线之间。如果想加快制作过程，可以使用70度以下的热水。 3(装入豆子:卸下网罩，将泡好的豆子放入网罩，豆子占网罩高度的一半，然后将网罩扣在机头上，按安装指示方向旋紧。安装完毕后，用手稍用力向下拉一下。网罩不动，说明安装到位。 4(制作豆浆:将机头向下放入杯体中，插上电源线，指示灯发出绿光，豆浆机就自己开始制作豆浆。 5(清洗:豆浆机使用完毕后，应及时清洗，以备下次使用。 6(存放:豆浆机应存放在干燥通风处。 第一部分 厨房用品 第37节:其他厨房用具(4) ?厨房用具禁忌 1(忌铁锅煮绿豆。因绿豆中含有元素单宁，在高温条件下遇铁会成黑色单宁铁，使绿豆汤汁变黑，有特殊气味，不但影响食欲、味道，而且对人体有害。 2(忌不锈钢或铁锅熬中药。因中药含有多种生物碱及各类生物化学物质，在加热条件下，会与不锈钢或铁发生多种化学反应，会使药物失效，甚至产生一定毒性。 3(忌用乌柏木或有异味的木料做菜板。乌柏木含有异味和有毒物质，用它做菜板不但污染菜肴，而且极易引起呕吐、头昏、腹痛等症状。因此，民间制作菜板的首选木料是白果木、皂角木、桦木和柳木等。 4(忌用油漆或雕刻镌镂的竹筷。涂在筷子上的油漆含铅、苯等化学物质，对健康有害。雕刻的竹筷看似漂亮，但易藏污垢，滋生细菌，不易清洁。 5(忌用各类花色瓷器盛调料。调料最好以玻璃器皿盛装。花色瓷器含铅、苯等致病、致癌物质。随着花色瓷器的老化和衰变，图案颜色内的氡对食品产生污染，对人体有害。 ?怎样延长锅的使用寿命 1(电饭锅:使用时，电压绝不能超过额定电压值，以免烧坏锅内元器件。平时不要碰撞锅的底部，以免变形，影响使用。由于电饭锅大多是采用金属制成的，所以不要煮酸、碱性食物。 2(高压锅:用后要及时将锅洗净擦干，并将胶圈取下来另放。不要在锅里长时间放碱、油、盐等，以免腐蚀锅体。另外，胶圈由于受高压的影响极易漏气，若将适当大小的棉纱线carried out; 4) for spring hangers (included simple spring, hangers and constant support hangers) it should also be recognized as setting and locking of loads. 5) check the surface quality, folded layering and without cracks, rust and other defects. 5) after completion of the test and control drawing number one by one, by series baled. Color alloy steel parts, the parts marking installation location and rotation about the direction you want. 7.3.14. hangers installation 7.3.14.1 hanger layout a. a clear design of hanger should be installed strictly in accordance with the drawings and designs shall not be installed wrong, missing, etc. B. own arrangement of piping support and hanger set and selection should be based on comprehensive analysis of general layout of piping systems; cold installation of steam pipe with particular attention reserved for compensation of thermal expansion displacement and orientation. C. support systems should be rational to withstand pipe loads, static load and incidental load; reasonable piping displacement; guaranteed under various conditions, stress are within the allowed range. Strength, stiffness, and meet requirements to prevent vibration and soothing water, without affecting the adjacent equipment maintenance and other piping installation and expansion. D. equipment connected to the interface to meet pipeline thrust (torque) limit requirements; increase the stability of piping systems to prevent pipeline ... C. welding elbow should be not less than 1.5 times the pipe diameter. D. Press elbow should be not smaller than the outside diameter of the pipe. 嵌入垫圈中缝，使其体积扩大，密封性能加强，可延长胶圈的使用时间。 3(铁锅:要尽量避免与湿煤接触，因为湿煤所蒸发的气体，有很强的腐蚀性，时间长了锅会生锈起皮而洞穿。 4(铝锅:由于铝制锅熔点低，因此在使用时，锅中的水量必须足够，否则锅底就会熔化损坏。铝锅怕酸碱类物品腐蚀，最好不要放酸碱食物过夜，平时若不用，切忌用其放面粉，否则会出现砂眼，缩短使用寿命。 第一部分 厨房用品 第38节:厨房电气(1) 5(沙锅:由于沙锅是用陶土烧制的，怕磕怕碰，使用时要轻拿轻放，先放好水，然后把锅放在炉火上，如果先烧锅后放水，就易炸裂。 6(搪瓷锅:新买来的搪瓷锅，在使用前，可先用来烧水，烧开之后使之冷却，这样可使搪瓷表面进一步淬化，从而延长使用寿命。用搪瓷锅烧煮食物时，必须带水，切忌干烧，否则会爆瓷。 厨房电气 ?厨房用电学问多 1(使用电饭锅时，锅上最好盖一条毛巾，这样可以减少热量损失。用电饭锅煮饭时，水烧滚将要溢出时，就可关闭电源，待5~10分钟之后再接通电源，直到自动关闭。用完后，一定要拔下电源插头，不然会断断续续自动通电，这样既费电又会缩短电饭锅使用寿命。 2(使用微波炉，加热时间要配合微波炉的功率和食物的量来设定:功率每减少100W，加热时间就要增加25,;食物每增加100g，加热时间增加1倍。以600W加热1分钟的话，500W是1分15秒。100g的食物要加热1分钟，而200g自然要花2分钟。 3(另外，使用电炒锅高功率挡炒菜时，油热之后将菜倒入，翻炒至六、七成熟时，即可断电，利用余热将菜炒熟。煮汤时，当水快开时可以断电，同样利用余热将水煮沸。 4(用电炒锅烙饼，锅烧热后，放入面饼即可断电，约过半分钟后，将功率由高调到低，直至饼熟。这样不仅省电，而且烙出的饼外酥里嫩、香脆可口。 ?怎样节约用气 1(掌握火候。 2(天然气燃烧时火焰呈红黄色说明缺氧，产生“脱火”现象则说明空气过多，此时可适当调整灶具风门，待火焰呈紫蓝色时，表示燃烧充分。 3(应先把要做的食物准备好再点火，避免烧“空灶”;若是烧汤，炖东西，先用大火烧carried out; 4) for spring hangers (included simple spring, hangers and constant support hangers) it should also be recognized as setting and locking of loads. 5) check the surface quality, folded layering and without cracks, rust and other defects. 5) after completion of the test and control drawing number one by one, by series baled. Color alloy steel parts, the parts marking installation location and rotation about the direction you want. 7.3.14. hangers installation 7.3.14.1 hanger layout a. a clear design of hanger should be installed strictly in accordance with the drawings and designs shall not be installed wrong, missing, etc. B. own arrangement of piping support and hanger set and selection should be based on comprehensive analysis of general layout of piping systems; cold installation of steam pipe with particular attention reserved for compensation of thermal expansion displacement and orientation. C. support systems should be rational to withstand pipe loads, static load and incidental load; reasonable piping displacement; guaranteed under various conditions, stress are within the allowed range. Strength, stiffness, and meet requirements to prevent vibration and soothing water, without affecting the adjacent equipment maintenance and other piping installation and expansion. D. equipment connected to the interface to meet pipeline thrust (torque) limit requirements; increase the stability of piping systems to prevent pipeline ... C. welding elbow should be not less than 1.5 times the pipe diameter. D. Press elbow should be not smaller than the outside diameter of the pipe. 开后关小火，只要保持锅内滚开而又不溢出就行。 4(火的大小可根据锅的大小来决定，火焰分布的面积与锅底相平为最佳。 5(做饭时最好不要用蒸的方法，蒸饭时间是焖饭时间的3倍。 第一部分 厨房用品 第39节:厨房电气(2) 6(应先把锅、壶表面的水渍抹干再放到火上去，这样能使热能尽快传进锅内，节约用气。 7(自制设备。煤气灶多数靠近厨房的窗口，在风大的夏季，火焰常被风带走一部分。如果自制一只环形的铁皮防风圈套在煤气灶具四周，上口环离锅壁1厘米左右，这样煤气就可不被风吹走，而提高利用率。 8(安装节圈。煤气燃烧过程中，将有一半的高温气流散出锅外。如要利用这部分散出的热量，可到市场购买一只节圈，安装在锅底四周，每次煤气用好后，节圈里的水也热了，可用来洗碗或洗脸、洗脚等。 ?液化气节气法 1(用火时，气瓶开到使蓝色火焰超过炊具底1公分即可，此时热效应效率最佳，如开大火，气流大，耗气便多。 2(饭、物煮沸后，把火焰关小，保持微沸就行，若继续用大火煮，饭、物沸点不能升高，等于浪费。 3(烧水(尤其是冬天)不用小火，小火延长加热时间，散热也多，烧水时加入一点热水，可加快分子运动，缩短烧开时间，一般烧一瓶水可缩短2~3分钟。 4(用高压锅烧饭，容积越大耗气越多。烧饭时，听到高压锅气鸣声，就可取下，可节约气体少许。 5(煮骨头、肉时，可把饭分层同放在高压锅中，比如蒸鸭、鸡，加入调料后放在高压锅的上层，下层放米，水开后12~15分钟拿下，可省一半气。 第一部分 厨房用品 第40节:其他物件(1) 其他物件 ?盛油器皿的洗涤 1(鸡蛋壳捣碎与水同放在盛油器皿中，摇晃几分钟，再静置一会儿，反复数次。洗刷后倒出浊水，再用清水洗刷几次，即可去掉油腻残物。 carried out; 4) for spring hangers (included simple spring, hangers and constant support hangers) it should also be recognized as setting and locking of loads. 5) check the surface quality, folded layering and without cracks, rust and other defects. 5) after completion of the test and control drawing number one by one, by series baled. Color alloy steel parts, the parts marking installation location and rotation about the direction you want. 7.3.14. hangers installation 7.3.14.1 hanger layout a. a clear design of hanger should be installed strictly in accordance with the drawings and designs shall not be installed wrong, missing, etc. B. own arrangement of piping support and hanger set and selection should be based on comprehensive analysis of general layout of piping systems; cold installation of steam pipe with particular attention reserved for compensation of thermal expansion displacement and orientation. C. support systems should be rational to withstand pipe loads, static load and incidental load; reasonable piping displacement; guaranteed under various conditions, stress are within the allowed range. Strength, stiffness, and meet requirements to prevent vibration and soothing water, without affecting the adjacent equipment maintenance and other piping installation and expansion. D. equipment connected to the interface to meet pipeline thrust (torque) limit requirements; increase the stability of piping systems to prevent pipeline ... C. welding elbow should be not less than 1.5 times the pipe diameter. D. Press elbow should be not smaller than the outside diameter of the pipe. 2(墨鱼(乌贼)骨捣碎，加热水放入盛油器皿中，静置一小时，再用力摇晃，反复数次。洗刷后，再用清水洗刷几次，即可去掉油腻残物。 3(干净沙子一把，加适量清水放入盛油器皿中，用力摇晃几分钟。倒出浊水，用清水洗刷几次后，即可去掉油腻残物。 4(热石灰加温水放入盛油器皿中，不断摇晃。清水倒出，用剩余石灰液洗刷后，即可去掉油腻残物。 5(木屑加少量碱，将温水放入盛油器皿中不断摇晃。洗刷后倒出浊水，再用清水洗刷几次，即可去掉油腻残物。 6(珐琅器具、玻璃器具以及陶器用久了会有污垢，用醋与少许食盐的混合液刷洗即可完全除掉污垢。 ?如何使掉瓷器皿不生锈 先将掉瓷处用小刀把油污刮净，然后剪一块比掉瓷面略大一点的塑料薄膜，用小火将掉瓷处烤至烫手为止，迅速把剪好的塑料薄膜贴上去，用手使劲一按即可。 ?漂白粉水可清洗厨房木器 厨房里的木器最难洗，若是先把它用漂白粉水浸一夜，第二天一冲就很洁净了。 ?去面盆上面干的窍门 和完面的面盆上，面干很难洗刷掉，常用的办法是用水泡，这样既费时又费水。如果把盆扣在蒸锅上蒸一会儿，面盆上的面干就很容易刷掉。 ?器皿破裂补救法 1(瓷器用白矾一勺和清水少许，加热成透明液体。趁白矾黏液热气未消时涂于破损碴儿上即可粘牢。 2(陶器用牛奶100克，适量香醋及蛋清加少许清水调匀后，加生石灰粉，调成膏状。用此膏黏合裂缝处，并用粗线扎紧，放在火炉上烘一会儿，冷却后便可继续使用。 3(玻璃可用云香(中药店有售)和等量白树胶混合，加一点酒精使之溶化并拌匀，可使玻璃明净无痕。 ?淘米水去污 盛装咖哩等气味强烈的食品后，密闭容器容易附着气味而很难去除。此时将其浸泡在洗carried out; 4) for spring hangers (included simple spring, hangers and constant support hangers) it should also be recognized as setting and locking of loads. 5) check the surface quality, folded layering and without cracks, rust and other defects. 5) after completion of the test and control drawing number one by one, by series baled. Color alloy steel parts, the parts marking installation location and rotation about the direction you want. 7.3.14. hangers installation 7.3.14.1 hanger layout a. a clear design of hanger should be installed strictly in accordance with the drawings and designs shall not be installed wrong, missing, etc. B. own arrangement of piping support and hanger set and selection should be based on comprehensive analysis of general layout of piping systems; cold installation of steam pipe with particular attention reserved for compensation of thermal expansion displacement and orientation. C. support systems should be rational to withstand pipe loads, static load and incidental load; reasonable piping displacement; guaranteed under various conditions, stress are within the allowed range. Strength, stiffness, and meet requirements to prevent vibration and soothing water, without affecting the adjacent equipment maintenance and other piping installation and expansion. D. equipment connected to the interface to meet pipeline thrust (torque) limit requirements; increase the stability of piping systems to prevent pipeline ... C. welding elbow should be not less than 1.5 times the pipe diameter. D. Press elbow should be not smaller than the outside diameter of the pipe. 米水中约30分钟。洗米水所含的米糠能有效去除污垢及气味。 ?塑料容器味去除法 1(塑料容器，尤其是未用过的塑料容器，有一种怪味。遇到这种情况，可用肥皂水加洗涤剂将其浸泡1,2小时后清洗，然后再用温开水冲洗几遍，怪味即可消失。 2(把水与盐装入塑料容器摇晃，就能去除异味，盐是天然的清洁剂，对去除厨房的污垢很有效。 ?油瓶巧开启 装食用油的塑料瓶上有一个塑料环，开启时容易拉断而且勒得手指疼。较好的方法是:用一条宽一些、牢固一些的布条，将布条穿过塑料环，再一手按住油瓶，一手握紧布条，只需稍一用力，即可将塑料封口打开。 carried out; 4) for spring hangers (included simple spring, hangers and constant support hangers) it should also be recognized as setting and locking of loads. 5) check the surface quality, folded layering and without cracks, rust and other defects. 5) after completion of the test and control drawing number one by one, by series baled. Color alloy steel parts, the parts marking installation location and rotation about the direction you want. 7.3.14. hangers installation 7.3.14.1 hanger layout a. a clear design of hanger should be installed strictly in accordance with the drawings and designs shall not be installed wrong, missing, etc. B. own arrangement of piping support and hanger set and selection should be based on comprehensive analysis of general layout of piping systems; cold installation of steam pipe with particular attention reserved for compensation of thermal expansion displacement and orientation. C. support systems should be rational to withstand pipe loads, static load and incidental load; reasonable piping displacement; guaranteed under various conditions, stress are within the allowed range. Strength, stiffness, and meet requirements to prevent vibration and soothing water, without affecting the adjacent equipment maintenance and other piping installation and expansion. D. equipment connected to the interface to meet pipeline thrust (torque) limit requirements; increase the stability of piping systems to prevent pipeline ... C. welding elbow should be not less than 1.5 times the pipe diameter. D. Press elbow should be not smaller than the outside diameter of the pipe.