过去式过去分词

过去式过去分词 动词的过去式，一般用在一般过去时态中。 例如: I visited the park yesterday. 本句的 visited 是动词的过去式。 动词的过去分词，也是在动词后面加ed 的动词形式，例如:arrive, arrived, arrived. 过去分词用在现在完成时或者过去完成时的句子中，共同构成完成时态， 例如: have arrived/ had arrived ，也就是have + 过去分词， had +过去分词。 I have arrived. 本句中的arrived 是过去分词。 1) 一般情况下，动词词尾加 ed ， 如: work—worked; play—played;want— wanted; act—acted (2)以不发音的 e 结尾动词，动词词尾加 d， 如: live—lived; move—moved; decide—decided; decline—declined; hope—hoped; (3)以辅音字母 + y结尾的动词，把y变为i 再加ed， 如: studied tried copied justified cried carried embodied emptied (4)以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词，双写词尾辅音字母，再加 ed， 如: stopped begged fretted dragged dropped planned dotted dripped (1) AAA型(动词原形、过去式、过去分词同形) cost(花费) cost cost shut shut shut 关起.闭起.停止营业 cut(割) cut cut spit spit/spat spit/ spat 吐痰 hit(打) hit hit hurt 伤害) hurt hurt let(让) let let put(放) put put read (读) read read (2) AAB型(动词原形与过去式同形) beat(跳动) beat beaten (3) ABA型(动词原形与过去分词同形) become(变成) became become awake awoke awoken come(来) came come run(跑) ran run (4) ABB型(过去式与过去分词同形) dig(挖) dug dug build built built get(得到) got got/gotten catch caught caught hang(吊死) hanged hanged deal dealt dealt hang(悬挂) hung hung feed fed fed hold(抓住) held held find found found shine(照耀) shone shone sit(坐) sat sat pay paid paid win (赢) won won send sent sent meet(遇见) met met shoot shot shot keep (保持) kept kept tell told told sleep(睡) slept slept win won won sweep(扫) swept swept feel(感觉) felt felt smell(闻) smelt/smelled smelt/ smelled leave(离开) left left build(建设) built built lend(借出) lent lent send (传送) sent sent spend(花费) spent spent lose (丢失) lost lost burn (燃烧) burnt burnt learn(学习) learnt learnt 1 mean(意思是) meant meant catch(抓住) caught caught teach(教) taught taught bring(带来) brought brought fight (战斗) fought fought buy(买) bought bought think(想) thought thought hear (听见) heard heard sell(卖) sold sold tell(告诉) told told say(说) said said find(找到) found found have/has(有) had had make(制造) made made stand(站) stood stood understand明白understood understood (5) ABC型(动词原形、过去式与过去分词三者不同形) begin(开始) began begun take(取) took taken drink(喝) drank drunk mistake(弄错) mistook mistaken ring(铃响) rang rung ride(骑) rode ridden sing (唱) sang sung do(做) did done swim(游泳) swam swum write(写) wrote written blow(吹) blew blown go(去)went gone draw (画) drew drawn lie(平躺) lay lain fly(飞) flew flown see(看见) saw seen grow(生长) grew grown wear (穿) wore worn know(知道) knew known be ( am, is, are )(是)was, were been throw(投掷) threw thrown show(出示) showed shown break(打破) broke broken choose(选择) chose chosen forget(忘记) forgot forgotten (forgot) bear bore borne/born speak(说，讲) spoke spoken draw drew drawn wake(醒) woke woken dream dreamt/ dreamed dreamt/ dreamed drive(驾驶) drove driven hide hid hidden eat(吃) ate eaten lay laid laid 放置 fall(落下) fell fallen lie lied lied 撒谎 give(给) gave given lie lay lain 躺 rise(升高) rose risen see saw seen shake shook shaken steal stole stolen can----could may---might will---would shall---should must----must 1(把动词原形中的i改为a，变成过去式。如: begin—began，drink—drank，give—gave，ring—rang，sing—sang，sit—sat，swim—swam 2(把重读开音节中的i改为o，变成过去式。如: drive—drove，ride—rode，write—wrote 3(改动词原形中的aw ,ow为ew，变成过去式。如: draw—drew，grow—grew，know—knew，throw—threw(动词show除外，show—showed) 4(动词原形中的e改为o，变成过去式。如: get—got，forget—forgot 5(动词原形中的ee改为e，变成过去式。如:feed—fed，meet—met 2 6(动词原形中的eep改为ept，变成过去式。如: keep—kept，sleep—slept，sweep—swept 7(动词原形中的eak改为oke，变成过去式。如: break—broke，speak—spoke 8(动词原形中的ell改为old，变成过去式。如: sell—sold，tell—told 9(动词原形中的an改为oo，变成过去式。如: stand—stood，understand—understood 10(以ought和aught结尾，且读音是〔 :t〕的过去式。如: bring—brought，buy— bought，think—thought，catch—caught，teach—taught 11(以ould结尾且读音为〔ud〕的情态动词过去式。如: can—could，shall—should，will—would 12(把动词原形中的o改为a，变成过去式。如: come—came，become—became 13(在动词原形后加d或t变成过去式，并且发生音变。如: hear〔hi 〕—heard〔h :d〕， say〔sei〕—said〔sed〕，mean〔mi:n〕—meant〔ment〕 14(动词的过去式与动词原形一样。如: let—let，must—must，put—put，read—read〔red〕 15(不符合上述规律的动词过去式。如: am，is—was，are—were，build—built，do—did，eat—ate，fall—fell，feel—felt，find—found， fly—flew，go—went，have ,has— had，hold—held，leave—left，make—made，may—might， run—ran，see—saw，take—took 两个既可以做过去式，又可以做动词原形的词 lie躺卧lay lain lying(现在分词) lay放，下蛋laid laid laying find 找到、发现find found found found 创建，成立 found founded founded 动词因其过去式、过去分词有两种形式而产生不同词义: shine、hang的两种过去式和过去分词: shone,shone照耀 shined,shined擦亮 hung,hung悬挂 hanged,hanged绞死 3