[高中英语]y江苏省赣榆县厉庄高级中学高二英语《模块四Unit2情态动词用法讲与练情态动词用法》讲练

[高中英语]y江苏省赣榆县厉庄高级中学高二英语《模块四Unit2情态动词用法讲与练情态动词用法》讲练 模块四Unit2 情态动词用法讲与练 一、推测 1.must:一定 (1) must be doing sth / must be +介词短语:He must be in the classroom now. must have done:一定做过„„ The ground is wet, it must have rained last night. (2) must表示推测时, 反意疑问句要根据动词的实际时态变化. ?He must be joking, isn’t he? (原句He is joking.) They have finished the work last night, didn’t they? ? (原句They finished the work last night.) ?His body must have broken down by now, hasn’t it? ) (原句 His body has broken down by now. (3) must not / mustn’t: 千万别, 不要。 You mustn’t smoke in public. 2. may / might:可能(用于肯定和否定句) may / might +be doing sth / 介词短语:可能正在„„ may / might have dong:可能做过„„ may not / might not:可能不 He might be reading a book now. Look, he is very happy. He may have passed the exam. They might not be in the room now. 二、许可和请求 may / might / can / could: 可以(might & could比较委婉) (1) 注意问句的回答 ? ---May I watch TV now? ---Yes, you can / may. ,No, you can’t / may not.(不可以) ? You can come here. (2) could表示请求时,多用于疑问句,回答时用can. ---Could I arrange for your return? ---Yes, you can. / No, I’m afraid not. (3)may / might as well do sth: 不妨做„„。 If that is the case, we may as well try. 三、祝愿 wish sb sth:Wish you success / good luck. may +从句(从句中的动词用原形)May you succeed. Long may she remain young forever! 四、必须、应该、敢 1.must和have (got) to (1)must:必须(主观看法)。 以must开头的问句,否定回答用needn’t / don’t have to. ---Must I work now? ---Yes, you must. ---No, you needn’t / don’t have to. (2)have (got) to:不得不(客观要求, 用于各种时态) I have to go now. They had to stay in Nanjing last year. (3)偏要，一定要 If you must know, you can go and ask Uncle Li for help. 2. need (1)modal v. 必要, 必须(多用于否定和疑问句,后接动词原形) needn’t:不必 needn’t have done:不必做过„„ ? You needn’t have get up so early this morning. ? ---Need I go now? ---Yes, you must. ---No, you needn’t / you don’t have to. (2)v.需要 sb need to do sth. I need to read the letter first. sth need doing. The radio needs repairing. 3.should和ought to 两者都表示“应该”，但要反映客观情况或涉及法律、义务和规定时一般用ought to，因为它语气更 强。 Should / ought to have done:应该做过„„ Shouldn’t / oughtn’t to have done:不应该做过„„ You should have been more careful in this experiment. You oughtn’t to have thrown the old clothes away. 4.dare (1)modal: v(过去式dared) 敢, 竟敢(多用于疑问、否定或条件句中，第三人称不加-s，后接动词原形。 否定式为dare not / daren’t) How dared you say that to his parents? Dare you walk alone in the dark? He daren’t speak English in public, dare he? (2)v. (dared, dared)敢, 胆敢(在肯定句中, 用dare to do; 在否定和疑问句中, to可省略) I dared to swim across the river. Does he dare answer this question? 五、能力 1.can和be able to can表示自身具有的能力;be able to表示后来经过努力而形成的能力, 用于各种时态。can的否定式按照 时态有can’t / couldn’t(不能)。 I can speak English. He was able to flee Europe before the war broke out. 2.could一般表示过去的能力, 可用be able to替换. He could / was able to look after himself when young. 六、其他用法 1.would和used to do 总是。表示过去的习惯性的动作。 would: used to do:过去常常。表示过去常常存在的行为和动作(客观一些)。 He would sit on the seat like that for hours. He used to live in Nanjing. 2.would like to have done:本来打算做„„ I would like to have read the article, but I was very busy then. 3. had better do sth:最好做„„ 本来最好做„„ had better have done sth: You had better have taken part in the football match, but you didn’t. 4. would rather (not) do sth:宁原(不)做„„ would rather do sth than do sth:宁愿做„„而不愿„„ would rather have (not) done:宁原(没有)做过„„ I would rather stay at home than go out. I would rather have refused his offer(提议). I raised objections(反对) at the meeting, but now I would rather not have done that. 5.shall: modal v. (否定式缩写为: shan’t) (1) (用于第一人称, 可用will替换) 将要,会。I shall be 16 next month. (2)(用于一、三人称, 征求对方,用于疑问句) „„好吗? / 要不要„„? Shall we sit here? Lets eat more cakes, shall we? (3) (用于各种人称, 表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺或威胁) 必须，应该，可以，一定 You shall fail if you don’t work harder. I shall never forget you. You shall not leave your post(岗位). 6. should ? (构成过去将来时, 用于间接引语) 将，会。I said I should be there before 10. ? 可能，该。They should be there by now, I think. ? 竟然，会。 It is strange that he should do such things. How should I know the existence of this radioactivity? ? 会，可以。 He turned the radio down so that he shouldn’t disturb me. ? (用于虚拟语气的条件句中) 万一。Write to me if you should need help. ? (用于虚拟语气主句部分) 就。 If I had plenty of time, I should make a voyage across the sea. ? (表示劝告、建议或命令) 应该。You should go to class right away. 7.will:(过去式would, 否定式will not / won’t) ? 将要, 会(可以表示决心和意志等含义. 可以和be able to连用) You soon will be able to read English. / I will never do that again. ? 愿意, 想, 要。I will give you a good surprise. ? 总是。He will sit for hours reading. ? 该是, 可能。That will be the postman now. / They will be home by this time. ? (表示请求和建议) „„好吗? Will you please come here and have a try? ? will have done sth:将会做过„„ will be doing sth:将在做„„ will have been doing sth:将一直在„„ How many lessons will you have learned by next month? I’ll be reading a book this time next week. By next year, he will have been teaching English for 10 years. 8. would: (否定式为: would not / wouldn’t) ? 会, 将要, 愿意。I said I would do my best. I wouldn’t express my opinions about this novel. (表示推测)大概。It would be about 10 years when he left home. ? ? (表示请求和建议) ……好吗? Would you pay me in cash, please? ? would have done sth: (就)会做过……(用于虚拟语气较多) If I had seen the advertisement, I would have applied for the job. I thought he would have told you all about it.