高一英语必修一语法总结

必修一语法总结 国大教育-----知识的传播不再是一种给予而是一种需求，一种渴求，这是课堂追求的最高境界～ 国大教育个性化辅导教案 教师: 赵博 学生: 芦佳 年级: 高一 学科: 英语 日期:2012- 12-9 星期: 日 时段: 14:00—15:00 课 复习必修一语法知识 语法知识掌握不是太好 学情分析 1、复习所学过的知识点。 2、详细讲授所涉及语法知识。 教学目标与 3、做练习加以巩固。 考点分析 重点:必修一的相关语法知识知识点讲授。 教学重点 难点:做巩固练习并讲解。 难点 探究法、讲练结合、归纳总结 教学方法 教学过程 国大教育训导部 1 国大教育-----知识的传播不再是一种给予而是一种需求，一种渴求，这是课堂追求的最高境界～ 一、 上节课知识点复习回顾及习题疑难解惑 检查上次课后作业情况并讲解错题。 二、 教学过程 一( 一般现在时 1. 示主语现在所处的状态及其所具备的特征、性格、能力等 例如:I am a girl. 2. 表示习惯性、经常性的动作 例如:I usually go to bed at 9:00. 3. 标志性的词语 Always often sometimes now and then 4. 若助于为第三人称单数(he she it)则动词要用单三现 二( 现在进行时 1( 说话时正在进行的动作 例如:I am reading. 2.表示即将发生的动作，多用于go come start leave return arrive stay fly等词语之 中，句子中常常有时间状语 例如:The plane is going to Beijing. 3.当句子中出现了always 、forever 、constantly 、continually 、 All the time等 例如:I am always thinking of you. 三( 倍数比较 1.A+系动词+倍数词+as+ adj \adv的原型+as+B 例如:The class is twice as big as that one. 2.A+系动词+倍数词+adj\adv的比较级+than+B 例如:The class is twice bigger than that class. 3.A+系动词+倍数词+the size\amount(数量)\ength\width\height \depth\+of+B 例如:The class is twice the size of that class. 四( With的复合结构 国大教育训导部 2 国大教育-----知识的传播不再是一种给予而是一种需求，一种渴求，这是课堂追求的最高境界～ 1( With+宾语+宾语补足语 宾语补足语根据逻辑意义的不同可以是不同的词语，如形容词、现在分词、过去分词、副词、 介词短语、不定式等，with在复合结构中常作状语 2.常用结构 ?1with+宾语+doing 表主动与进行 例如:Tom was quite safe with Lucy standing behind him. ?2with+宾语+done 表被动与完成 例如:With all things she need bought,she went home. ?3with+宾语+to do 表将来 例如:With so many thing to deal with. 五( 现在完成进行时 现在完成进行时 1(基本表达式(I have been doing ) I/ we/ you/ they have been doing sth. he/ she/ it has been doing sth. 2(表示从过去某时开始一直持续到现在的动作，并且还将持续下去。 The Chinese have been making paper for two thousand years. 中国有2000年的造纸历史。(动作还将继续下去) I have been learning English since three years ago. 自从三年前以来我一直在学英语。(动作还将继续下去) 3(表示在说话时刻之前到现在正在进行的动作。 We have been waiting for you for half an hour. 我们已经等你半个钟头了(人还没到，如同在电话里说的，还会继续等) 4(有些现在完成进行时的句子等同的句子。 例如:They have been living in this city for ten years. They have lived in this city for ten years. 国大教育训导部 3 国大教育-----知识的传播不再是一种给予而是一种需求，一种渴求，这是课堂追求的最高境界～ 他们在这个城市已经住了10年了。 I have been working here for five years. I have worked here for five years. 我在这里已经工作五年了。 5(大多数现在完成进行时的句子不等同于现在完成时的句子。 例如:I have been writing a book.(动作还将继续下去) 我一直在写一本。 I have written a book.(动作已经完成) 我已经写了一本书。 They have been building a bridge. 他们一直在造一座桥。 They have built a bridge. 他们造了一座桥。 6(表示状态的动词不能用于现在完成进行时。 例如:I have known him for years. 我认识他已经好几年了。 I have been knowing... 这类不能用于现在完成进行时的动词还有:love爱，like喜欢， hate讨厌，等。 注意:比较过去时与现在完成时 1(过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作;现在完成时为过去发生的，强调过去的事情对现在的影响，强调的是影响。 2(过去时常与具体的时间状语连用，而现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用，或无时间状语。 一般过去时的时间状语: yesterday, last week，…ago, in1980, in October, just now, 具体的时间状语 共同的时间状语: this morning, tonight,this April, now, once，before, already, recently，lately 现在完成时的时间状语 for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till / until, up to now, in past years, always, 国大教育训导部 4 国大教育-----知识的传播不再是一种给予而是一种需求，一种渴求，这是课堂追求的最高境界～ 不确定的时间状语 3(现在完成时可表示持续到现在的动作或状态，动词一般是延续性的，如live, teach, learn, work, study, know. 过去时常用的非持续性动词有come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become, get married 等。 例如: I saw this film yesterday. (强调看的动作发生过了。) I have seen this film. (强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知道了。) Why did you get up so early? (强调起床的动作已发生过了。) Who hasn't handed in his paper? (强调有卷子，可能为不公平竞争。) She has returned from Paris. 她已从巴黎回来了。 She returned yesterday. 她是昨天回来了。 He has been in the League for three years. (在团内的状态可延续) He has been a League member for three years. (是团员的状态可持续) He joined the League three years ago. ( 三年前入团，joined为短暂行为。) I have finished my homework now. ---Will somebody go and get Dr. White? ---He's already been sent for. 句子中如有过去时的时间副词(如 yesterday, last, week, in 1960)时，不能使用现在 完成时，要用过去时。 (错)Tom has written a letter to his parents last night. (对)Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night. 国大教育训导部 5 国大教育-----知识的传播不再是一种给予而是一种需求，一种渴求，这是课堂追求的最高境界～ 六(过去完成时 1( 概念:表示过去的过去 其构成是had +过去分词构成。 那时以前 那时 现在 2( 用法 a. 在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句。 She said (that) she had never been to Paris. b. 状语从句 在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中，发生在先，用过去完成时;发生在后，用一般过去时。 When the police arrived, the thieves had run away. c. 表示意向的动词，如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等，用过去完成时表示"原本…，未能…" We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't. 3(过去完成时的时间状语before, by, until , when, after, once, as soon as。 例如:He said that he had learned some English before. By the time he was twelve, Edison had began to make a living by himself. Tom was disappointed that most of the guests had left when he arrived at the party. 七(现在完成进行时 1(其构成形式如下: I / we / they have been + 动词的现在分词 He / she / it has been + 动词的现在分词 功用如下: 2( 表示一个在过去开始而在最近刚刚结束的行动，如: Ann is very tired. She has been working hard. Why are you clothes so dirty? What have you been doing? 3(表示一个从过去开始但仍在进行的行动，如: It has been raining for two hours. (现在还在下) Jack hasn’t been feeling very well recently. 4( 表示一个从过去开始延续到现在，可以包括现在在内的一个阶段内，重复发生的行动，如: She has been playing tennis since she was eight. 国大教育训导部 6 国大教育-----知识的传播不再是一种给予而是一种需求，一种渴求，这是课堂追求的最高境界～ 5( 现在完成时强调动作行为的结果、影响，而现在完成进行时只强调动作行为本身，如: Tom’s hands are very dirty. He has been repairing the car. The car is going again now. Tom has repaired it. 注意: 现在完成时有否定结构、而现在完成进行时没有否定结构。 现在完成时态可表示做完的时 期以及已有的经验、但现在完成进行时不可以 现在完成进行时的否定结构 现在完成进行时 有时也可用否定结构。 如: Since that unfortunate accident last week, I haven’t been sleeping at all well. 自从上周发生了那次不幸事故之后，我一直睡得很不好. He hasn’t been working for me and I haven’t has that much contact with him. 他 并没有给我工作过，我和他没有过那许多接触。 6(否定句构成: 主语+has/have+not+been+现在分词 7(一般疑问句构成: Have/has+主语+been+现在分词+其他 三、针对性训练——巩固提高 Unit 1 This is a true story. It happened in Amsterdam, Holland 1 the early 1940s after the German Nazis had ___2___(occupy) most of Europe. The Nazi Party ruled Germany from 1933 to 1945. One of their key (policy) was__4__ (kill) all the Jews in Europe. If any persons 5 (know) to be Jews were found, they would be sent to concentration camp farther east, mostly in Poland. Families were separated and transported in trains. For many days, they went food, water, sanitation or fresh air. __7___(avoid) this terrible fate, some Jewish families went into hiding, often with the help of 8 (Jewish) friends. This diary was written during the time 9 Anne and her family moved to escape from (kill) by Nazis. 国大教育训导部 7 国大教育-----知识的传播不再是一种给予而是一种需求，一种渴求，这是课堂追求的最高境界～ Unit 2 In only fifty years, English (develop) into the language most (2) (wide) spoken and used in the world. English is the working language of most international organizations, international trade and tourism. Businessmen and tourists often come to China without being able to speak (3) . Chinese businessmen, taxi drivers and students talk with them using English. English is also the language of 4 (globe) culture, such as popular music and the Internet. You can listen to English songs (5) the radio (6) use English to communicate (7) people around the world through the Internet. With so many people (8) (communicate) in English every day, it will become (9) (important) to have (10) good knowledge of English. Unit 3 My name is Wang Kun. Since middle school, my sister and I 1 (dream) about 2 (take)a great bike trip. When we graduated from college, we finally got the chance to do it. It 3 my sister 4 first had the idea to cycle along 5 Mekong River from 6 it begins to where it ends. The Dai live near the Lancang River, the Chinese part of the river that 7 (call) the Mekong River in other countries. Wang Wei soon got them interested in cycling too. She insisted that we 8 (find)the source of the river. She gave me a 9 (determine) look. Once She has made up her mind, nothing can change it. Finally, I had to give 10 . 国大教育训导部 8 国大教育-----知识的传播不再是一种给予而是一种需求，一种渴求，这是课堂追求的最高境界～ Unit 4 At 3:42 a.m. everything began to shake. It seemed 1 the world was ____2___ an end! Eleven kilometers____3_____(direct) below the city the greatest earthquakes of the 20th century began. It was heard in Beijing, ____4___ is one hundred kilometers away. One - third of the nation felt it. A huge crack that was eight kilometers long and thirty meters wide cut __5____ houses, roads and canals. Steam burst from 6 (hole) in the ground. Hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt. In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins . Two-thirds of the people died or _____7_____(injure) during the earthquake. Thousands of families 8 ( kill) and many children were left ___9___ parents. The number of people 10 were killed or injured reached more than 400,000. Unit 5 My name is Elias. I am a poor black worker in South Africa. The time (1)_______ I first met Nelson Mandela was a very difficult period of my life. I was twelve years old. It was in 1952 and he had opened a black law firm to advise poor black people (2)_______ their problems. I began school at six . The (3)_______ where I studied only two years was three kilometres away. I had to leave , (4)_______ my family could not continue to pay the shool fees and the bus (5) ______ . I could not read (6)______write. After trying hard , I got a job in a gold mine . This was a time when one had got to have a passsbook to live in Johanneburg. (7)______(sad) I did not have this passbook because I was not 国大教育训导部 9 国大教育-----知识的传播不再是一种给予而是一种需求，一种渴求，这是课堂追求的最高境界～ born there and I was worried (8)_____ whether I would be out of work. The day when Nelson Mandela told me what to do and helped me was one of the 9 (happy) days of my life . He told me how to get the correct papers so I could stay in Johanneburg. I never forgot (10) ______ kind he was and when he organized the ANC Youth League , I joined it as soon as I could . 教学反思 三、本次课后作业: 本节所学语法知识的理解。 四、学生对于本次课的评价: ? 特别满意 ? 满意 ? 一般 ? 差 学生签字: 五、教师评定: 1、 学生上次作业评价: ? 非常好 ?好 ? 一般 ? 需要优化 2、 学生本次上课情况评价:?非常 好 ?好 ? 一般 ? 需要优化 教师签字: 国大教育训导部 10 国大教育-----知识的传播不再是一种给予而是一种需求，一种渴求，这是课堂追求的最高境界～ 教务主任签字: 国大教育训导部 11