孤独症孩子青春期常见情绪行为表现及处理建议

孤独症孩子青春期常见情绪行为表现及处理建议 孤独症孩子青春期常见情绪行为问 1.焦虑情绪 2.抑郁 3.冲动伴攻击性 4.自伤、自残 5.性兴奋增高 焦虑情绪 表现为胆小、紧张、忧虑，由于他们的言语表达困难，不能正确地表达内心体验，只能靠观察到孩子的异常表现。 如对周围人及事物过分敏感，好猜疑，做事犹豫不绝，纠缠家里人，不敢一个人呆在房间里，怕黑暗，上课注意力不集中，小动作多，坐立不安。 有的孩子拒绝上学，不能提及学校的事，如与同学发生矛盾后，即出现强烈的情绪反应，吵闹不止，或伴有强迫动作，如反复关门，表现得非常警觉，反复上卫生间小便，实际又没有，发脾气哭闹等等。 有些孩子表现躯体不适:心跳呼吸加快，疲倦，四肢发凉，食欲不振，胃肠功能紊乱，食欲明显减少，个别伴有呕吐、腹泻、小便频、每次量少、入睡困难，黑白颠倒，易惊醒，多恶梦，情绪变化无常。 抑郁 表现情绪不稳定，外界环境的稍稍改变，易引起情绪变化无常、低落、回避、退缩、怕困难、对挫折的耐受能力差、兴趣范围减少，attention to improving the quality and efficiency of development and pay more attention to security and reform the people's livelihood, more focus on maintaining social harmony and stability, and promote the development of township economy in a better and faster, create a new normal XX development and lay a more solid foundation for XX build a well-off society. Completed tasks this year, we must always pay special attention to the primary task of development. XX weak economic base, low levels of development, economic construction is the Center, we have to create conditions for faster economic development, accumulating more wealth, better people's lives. Effort should be made to this year's economic growth, revenue growth, people have maintained a high rate of income growth, GDP growth of more than 15 per cent respectively. Always grasp the fundamental impetus for reform. We are now "no soldiers behind" many indicators ranked in the bottom of the county from getting bigger. Only by going all out to hard work, hard work, innovation, reform does not adapt to institutional mechanisms, practices, it is possible to change the face of XX poor, into a well-off society together with people across the country. We want to break the old patterns of thinking, methods and organization of work, bravely and boldly into, making full use of all the advantages, comprehensive reforms, to make all its vitality for development impulse, let full play to all sources of wealth creation. Should always stability 活动明显减少，整天闷闷不乐或不高兴，反应迟钝，与人接触更为减少，接触被动，不愿出门，问话回答极为简单。 有的孩子多卧床，生活懒散，洗漱、进食均表现被动或出现无缘无故的哭泣，社会功能受到影响等等。 冲动伴攻击性 由于它们在青春期的人格尚未发育成熟，加上与人沟通及交往有一定障碍，言语表达落后于同龄儿童，做事往往不考虑后果，不考虑对家人或邻居的影响，自控能力较差，生活中的一点点不满足，即发大脾气，摔东西，毁坏物品。 如把东西从窗户扔到楼下，根本不考虑会砸伤别人. 有时伴有突如其来的冲动，打人、踢人、揪头发，抓人，掐人，咬人，对亲近他的家人态度凶狠，专门欺负对他溺爱迁就的人。 有时竭尽残暴，把家里养的小动物从楼上扔到楼下，残杀虐待小动物等等。 个别孩子故意把大小、便拉在裤子里或抹在墙上。 有的孩子看见玻璃制品就摔，好像是为了听响，引起别人对他的注意。 有的孩子暴饮暴食. 自伤、自残 由于大多数孩子言语表达困难，他们很难完整表达自己的内心体验，加上周围环境有时不能宽容，或父母关系紧张，家庭不和睦，引起孩子的暴躁情绪，从而出现过激行为。如用头撞墙，自己用手搧自attention to improving the quality and efficiency of development and pay more attention to security and reform the people's livelihood, more focus on maintaining social harmony and stability, and promote the development of township economy in a better and faster, create a new normal XX development and lay a more solid foundation for XX build a well-off society. Completed tasks this year, we must always pay special attention to the primary task of development. XX weak economic base, low levels of development, economic construction is the Center, we have to create conditions for faster economic development, accumulating more wealth, better people's lives. Effort should be made to this year's economic growth, revenue growth, people have maintained a high rate of income growth, GDP growth of more than 15 per cent respectively. Always grasp the fundamental impetus for reform. We are now "no soldiers behind" many indicators ranked in the bottom of the county from getting bigger. Only by going all out to hard work, hard work, innovation, reform does not adapt to institutional mechanisms, practices, it is possible to change the face of XX poor, into a well-off society together with people across the country. We want to break the old patterns of thinking, methods and organization of work, bravely and boldly into, making full use of all the advantages, comprehensive reforms, to make all its vitality for development impulse, let full play to all sources of wealth creation. Should always stability 己耳光，反复的咬手，将手背或手指咬成很厚的茧子或咬出血，以此来发泄心中的不满。 如门诊碰到一个14岁男孩，因2-3年不出门，在家不高兴即自己反复咬手，把手咬得化脓感染，父亲和叔叔强行带到医院治疗，治疗等候时，手拿一大瓶可乐不停地使劲打头，使周围人实在看不下去，他对疼痛麻木不敏感，手上化脓也不让包扎，照样咬，流着血，露出嫩肉，没，家里人只好强行捆绑。 性兴奋增高 大多数孩子到青春期由于身体内分泌变化，他们往往不会表达躯体变化的不适，加上心理发育明显落后于同龄儿童，行为举止表现幼稚，容易冲动，感情脆弱，缺乏高级意志，自控能力差，往往采取一些不切实际的表现。 如在公共场所、大庭广众面前抚弄摩擦生殖器，达到性快感。在异性面前不会掩饰自己，无羞耻感，当众脱裤子大小便或裸体，引起别人的注意，女孩子来月经也不会回避父亲，洗澡后在客厅里走来走去。 还有的男孩见到年轻漂亮的女同志，想去与人接触，但方式不对，去摸人家丝袜、头发、或莫名其妙关注人家是否系皮带等等。经常在公共场所被别人误认为是“耍流氓”受到别人的唾斥，但他们丝毫也不会表示歉意，有些家长为防止孩子惹事，反把他们锁在家中，不让他们出门，这样更加重了他们的孤僻性格，使他们远离社会，远离人群，社会功能逐渐退缩。 attention to improving the quality and efficiency of development and pay more attention to security and reform the people's livelihood, more focus on maintaining social harmony and stability, and promote the development of township economy in a better and faster, create a new normal XX development and lay a more solid foundation for XX build a well-off society. Completed tasks this year, we must always pay special attention to the primary task of development. XX weak economic base, low levels of development, economic construction is the Center, we have to create conditions for faster economic development, accumulating more wealth, better people's lives. Effort should be made to this year's economic growth, revenue growth, people have maintained a high rate of income growth, GDP growth of more than 15 per cent respectively. Always grasp the fundamental impetus for reform. We are now "no soldiers behind" many indicators ranked in the bottom of the county from getting bigger. Only by going all out to hard work, hard work, innovation, reform does not adapt to institutional mechanisms, practices, it is possible to change the face of XX poor, into a well-off society together with people across the country. We want to break the old patterns of thinking, methods and organization of work, bravely and boldly into, making full use of all the advantages, comprehensive reforms, to make all its vitality for development impulse, let full play to all sources of wealth creation. Should always stability 二(孤独症孩子青春期常见情绪行为问题处理及对策 积极正确引导 父母要采取积极态度给孩子营造宽松环境 社会支持系统 常用药物的选择 常用的改善情绪行为，减轻多动烦躁，改善认知，交往及社会功能，控制兴奋，减轻冲动自伤行为。 如百忧解、舍曲林、氯硝西泮、安他乐、佳乐定、罗拉等，解除焦虑抑郁改善睡眠。 维思通、利达新、氟哌啶醇、奥氮平等，控制冲动自伤使兴奋性降低。 利他林、可乐定,静灵口服液等，减少多动提高注意力。 卡马西平、丙戊酸钠等，抗癫痫及情绪稳定剂。 这里特别需要提出的是在青春期的抽搐发作:在少年期和成年的早期大约有20%-40%的孩子出现抽搐的发作,有的在儿童期可以出现脑电图的异常表现,但在临床上尚未有发作,接近于青春期临床伴有癫痫发作的患儿,没有语言的孩子多于有语言的孩子出现癫痫抽搐为多,主要为特定的左前额叶的异常所见有关,这也提示我们,即使脑电图测查时没有异常情况,也不能说该儿童以后在临床上就没有抽搐的发作,需密切观察孩子的表现,必要时做24hr的脑电图测查,尤其对没有语言的孩子,更要注意孩子的情绪及行为的变化。 目前尚无有效地促进智力发育的药物，一些脑细胞代谢药物可能有attention to improving the quality and efficiency of development and pay more attention to security and reform the people's livelihood, more focus on maintaining social harmony and stability, and promote the development of township economy in a better and faster, create a new normal XX development and lay a more solid foundation for XX build a well-off society. Completed tasks this year, we must always pay special attention to the primary task of development. XX weak economic base, low levels of development, economic construction is the Center, we have to create conditions for faster economic development, accumulating more wealth, better people's lives. Effort should be made to this year's economic growth, revenue growth, people have maintained a high rate of income growth, GDP growth of more than 15 per cent respectively. Always grasp the fundamental impetus for reform. We are now "no soldiers behind" many indicators ranked in the bottom of the county from getting bigger. Only by going all out to hard work, hard work, innovation, reform does not adapt to institutional mechanisms, practices, it is possible to change the face of XX poor, into a well-off society together with people across the country. We want to break the old patterns of thinking, methods and organization of work, bravely and boldly into, making full use of all the advantages, comprehensive reforms, to make all its vitality for development impulse, let full play to all sources of wealth creation. Should always stability 利于智力障碍的改善，如维生素B6、脑复康，脑复新、脑活素等。有 癫痫发作者选用适当的抗癫痫药;兴奋型行为异常者可予以氯丙嗪、奋 乃静等 attention to improving the quality and efficiency of development and pay more attention to security and reform the people's livelihood, more focus on maintaining social harmony and stability, and promote the development of township economy in a better and faster, create a new normal XX development and lay a more solid foundation for XX build a well-off society. Completed tasks this year, we must always pay special attention to the primary task of development. XX weak economic base, low levels of development, economic construction is the Center, we have to create conditions for faster economic development, accumulating more wealth, better people's lives. Effort should be made to this year's economic growth, revenue growth, people have maintained a high rate of income growth, GDP growth of more than 15 per cent respectively. Always grasp the fundamental impetus for reform. We are now "no soldiers behind" many indicators ranked in the bottom of the county from getting bigger. Only by going all out to hard work, hard work, innovation, reform does not adapt to institutional mechanisms, practices, it is possible to change the face of XX poor, into a well-off society together with people across the country. We want to break the old patterns of thinking, methods and organization of work, bravely and boldly into, making full use of all the advantages, comprehensive reforms, to make all its vitality for development impulse, let full play to all sources of wealth creation. Should always stability