药品不良反应培训试题

药品不良反应培训试题 一、 选择题:(每题所给的选项有1个或多个正确选项，选出所有正确选项。共47题，每题2分， 共94分) 1、妊娠期服用乙烯雌酚，子代女婴至青春期后患阴道腺癌，此类属于( )类不良反应。 A A类 B B类 C C类 D D类 2、当一种药具有多种作用时，除治疗作用之外的其他作用可认为是( )。 A 毒性反应 B 首剂效应 C 继发反应 D 副作用 问题3,8请为下列各药选配较特殊的不良反应。 A 肾脏损害 B 白细胞减少症 C 白内障 D 中毒性脑炎 E 海豹肢畸形 3、磺胺酏剂引起的典型不良反应是( )。 4、氨基比林引起的典型不良反应是( )。 5、二硝基酚引起的典型不良反应是( )。 6、非那西丁引起的典型不良反应是( )。 7、二磺二乙基锡引起的典型不良反应是( )。 8、沙利度胺引起的典型不良反应是( )。 9、目前常用的药品不良反应监测方法有( )。 A 自发呈报 B 医院集中监测 C 病例对照研究 D 联结 E 前瞻性队列调查 10、队列研究的目的是( )。 A获得发病率或死亡率 B检验病因假设 C描述疾病自然史 D估计相对、绝对危险度 11、我国对药品不良反应监测施行( )制度。 A 逐级报告 B 定期报告 C 强制报告 D 必要时可越级报告 12、因服用药品引起以下( )损害情形之一的反应为药品严重不良反应。 A 引起死亡 B 致癌、致畸、致出生缺陷 C 对器官功能产生永久损伤 D对生命有危险并能够导致人体永久的或显著的伤残 13、新的或严重的药品不良反应应于发现之日起( )日内报告，死亡病例须及时报告。 A 3 B 15 C 20 D 30 14、过量引起肝坏死的解热镇痛药是( )。 A布洛芬 B 对乙酰氨基酚 C 乙酰水扬酸 D 保泰松 15、下列哪种药品可偶致视力模糊及中毒性弱视,( ) A 乙酰水扬酸 B 布洛芬 C 吲哚美辛 D 保泰松 16、塞来昔布因选择作用于( )，严重上消化道不良反应(出血、穿孔、幽门梗阻)的发生率与其他非甾体抗炎药相比明显减少。 A环氧酶 B 环氧酶1 C 环氧酶2 D 6-磷酸葡萄糠脱氢酶 17、乙酰水扬酸严重中毒时应首选药处理,( ) A 口服碳酸氢钠 B 口服氯化铵 C 静滴碳酸氢钠 D 口服氢氯噻嗪 18、控制严重高血压效果较好的钙拮抗剂药是哪种,( ) A 硝苯地平 B 维拉帕米 C 合心爽 D 氟桂嗪 19、能有效预防偏头痛的钙拮抗剂药是哪种,( ) implementation model. Pay special attention to prevent floating style, do something superficial, cosmetic, overcome the love of work, short of a name, one of the benefits of bad ideas. To strengthen the sense of dedication. Office in the work of the Government "nerve centre", task, and burden, busy with work, hard, tough and sometimes thankless. Come into the Office the door, will not name, not for profit, unsung hero willing; to stand up to all kinds of misunderstandings, disappointments and setbacks, inclusive of ups and downs; "any hard labor, difficult, pick is hard to pick of Dan" the spirit of love and dedication, and hard work. Second, capacity-building, top-notch performance. Office of theWork lies in the people. Government offices at all levels must follow the 16 session of the plenum on strengthening the ruling ability construction of the party in order to improve the professional quality as the core, to strengthen capacity-building, picked up a pen to write, pen said, when anything can be done. To enhance the research capacity. Neither leaders nor the General staff, will continue to face the masses, face reality and society, doing the research work. Conditions permitting, are often grassroots, institutionalized, and perseverance. Investigation depth must not be superficial, also must have the breadth must not be biased. Through research, formed a quality, thoughtful, valuable research reports, improving the ability to analyze and solve practical A 硝苯地平 B 维拉帕米 C 合心爽 D 氟桂嗪 20、倍他洛尔选择性阻断( )受体发挥降压作用。 A β Bβ C a D β 1 2 21、下列哪种表现是洋地黄中毒的指征,( ) A P-R间期延长 B Q-T间期延长 C S-T段压低 D 二联律 问题22,26 A 奎尼丁 B 利多卡因 C 心得安 D胺碘酮 E 钙拮抗剂 22、属于Ia类抗心律失常药( )。 23、属于Ib类抗心律失常药( )。 24、属于?类抗心律失常药( )。 25、属于?类抗心律失常药( )。 26、属于?类抗心律失常药( )。 27、为避免哌唑嗪的“首剂现象”，可采取的措施( )。 A 空腹服用 B 低钠饮食 C 小剂量睡前服用 D 舌下含服 28、卡托普利的何种不良反应可能与缓激肽及P物质和前列腺素在肺内蓄积有关,( ) A 一过性低血压 B 干咳 C 多发性神经炎 D 味觉丧失 29、哪种抗去甲肾上腺素能神经末梢药，能与囊泡膜上的胺泵有很高的亲和力，使囊泡功能丧失， 导致递质耗竭，交感神经功能降低，发挥降压作用, A 心得安 B 依那普利 C 利血平 D硝普钠 30、硝酸酯类抗心绞痛药不良反应与动、静脉扩张有关，主要包括:( ) A搏动性头痛 B 反射性心动过速 C 胃肠症状 D 局部烧灼感 31、羟甲基 二酸单酰辅酶A还原酶抑制剂典型的不良反应是( )。 A 皮疹 B 横纹肌溶解症 C 肝损害 D 血小板减少症 问题32,36为下列药品分类 A 沙丁胺醇 B 氨茶碱 C 异丙阿托品 D 倍氯米松 E 螺内酯 32、β受体激动药( ) 33、肾上腺皮质激素( ) 34、M受体阻断剂量( ) 35、保钾利尿剂( ) 36、茶碱类平喘药( ) 问题37,41，哪些消化系统用药引起下列典型不良反应。 A便秘 B 可逆性肾功能衰竭 C 粒细胞减少 D 秘性脑病 E 锥体外系病 37、氢氧化铝合( ) 38、兰索拉唑( ) 39、西咪替丁( ) 40、枸椽酸铋钾( ) 41、多潘立酮( ) 42、呋噻米可引起以下何种不良反应,( ) A 高尿酸血症 B 耳毒性 C 升高血糖 D 男子乳房发育 问题43,45，下列降糖药可引起下列哪些不良反应 A 乳酸血糖 B 胃肠道反应 C 粒细胞减少 D 低血糖 E 肝损害 43、优降糖 implementation model. Pay special attention to prevent floating style, do something superficial, cosmetic, overcome the love of work, short of a name, one of the benefits of bad ideas. To strengthen the sense of dedication. Office in the work of the Government "nerve centre", task, and burden, busy with work, hard, tough and sometimes thankless. Come into the Office the door, will not name, not for profit, unsung hero willing; to stand up to all kinds of misunderstandings, disappointments and setbacks, inclusive of ups and downs; "any hard labor, difficult, pick is hard to pick of Dan" the spirit of love and dedication, and hard work. Second, capacity-building, top-notch performance. Office of theWork lies in the people. Government offices at all levels must follow the 16 session of the plenum on strengthening the ruling ability construction of the party in order to improve the professional quality as the core, to strengthen capacity-building, picked up a pen to write, pen said, when anything can be done. To enhance the research capacity. Neither leaders nor the General staff, will continue to face the masses, face reality and society, doing the research work. Conditions permitting, are often grassroots, institutionalized, and perseverance. Investigation depth must not be superficial, also must have the breadth must not be biased. Through research, formed a quality, thoughtful, valuable research reports, improving the ability to analyze and solve practical 44、二甲双胍 45、阿卡波糖 46、关木通为有毒中药，其典型可造成哪个器官或系统损害,( ) A 肝脏 B 肾脏 C 心脏 D 血液系统 47、对中药安全性的认识正确的是( ) A 凡是药品都有毒，中药亦不例外。 B 中药安全无毒 C 中药与西药相比，相对安全，低毒。 D 禁用有毒中药。 二、名词解释:(共3题，每题2分，共6分) 1、药品不良反应: 2、药品不良事件: 3、病例对照研究: implementation model. Pay special attention to prevent floating style, do something superficial, cosmetic, overcome the love of work, short of a name, one of the benefits of bad ideas. To strengthen the sense of dedication. Office in the work of the Government "nerve centre", task, and burden, busy with work, hard, tough and sometimes thankless. Come into the Office the door, will not name, not for profit, unsung hero willing; to stand up to all kinds of misunderstandings, disappointments and setbacks, inclusive of ups and downs; "any hard labor, difficult, pick is hard to pick of Dan" the spirit of love and dedication, and hard work. Second, capacity-building, top-notch performance. Office of theWork lies in the people. Government offices at all levels must follow the 16 session of the plenum on strengthening the ruling ability construction of the party in order to improve the professional quality as the core, to strengthen capacity-building, picked up a pen to write, pen said, when anything can be done. To enhance the research capacity. Neither leaders nor the General staff, will continue to face the masses, face reality and society, doing the research work. Conditions permitting, are often grassroots, institutionalized, and perseverance. Investigation depth must not be superficial, also must have the breadth must not be biased. Through research, formed a quality, thoughtful, valuable research reports, improving the ability to analyze and solve practical 药品不良反应培训试题答案 一、选择题:(每题所给的选项有1个或多个正确选项，选出所有正确选项。共47题，每题2分，共94分) 1、妊娠期服用乙烯雌酚，子代女婴至青春期后患阴道腺癌，此类属于( C )类不良反应。 A A类 B B类 C C类 D D类 2、当一种药具有多种作用时，除治疗作用之外的其他作用可认为是( D )。 A 毒性反应 B 首剂效应 C 继发反应 D 副作用 问题3,8请为下列各药选配较特殊的不良反应。 A 肾脏损害 B 白细胞减少症 C 白内障 D 中毒性脑炎 E 海豹肢畸形 3、磺胺酏剂引起的典型不良反应是( A )。 4、氨基比林引起的典型不良反应是( B )。 5、二硝基酚引起的典型不良反应是( C )。 6、非那西丁引起的典型不良反应是( A )。 7、二磺二乙基锡引起的典型不良反应是( D )。 8、沙利度胺引起的典型不良反应是( E )。 9、目前常用的药品不良反应监测方法有( A B C E D )。 A 自发呈报 B 医院集中监测 C 病例对照研究 D 记录联结 E 前瞻性队列调查 10、队列研究的目的是( B )。 A获得发病率或死亡率 B检验病因假设 C描述疾病自然史 D估计相对、绝对危险度 11、我国对药品不良反应监测施行( A B D )报告制度。 A 逐级报告 B 定期报告 C 强制报告 D 必要时可越级报告 12、因服用药品引起以下( A B C D )损害情形之一的反应为药品严重不良反应。 A 引起死亡 B 致癌、致畸、致出生缺陷 C 对器官功能产生永久损伤 D对生命有危险并能够导致人体永久的或显著的伤残 13、新的或严重的药品不良反应应于发现之日起(B )日内报告，死亡病例须及时报告。 A 3 B 15 C 20 D 30 14、过量引起肝坏死的解热镇痛药是( B )。 A布洛芬 B 对乙酰氨基酚 C 乙酰水扬酸 D 保泰松 15、下列哪种药品可偶致视力模糊及中毒性弱视,( C ) A 乙酰水扬酸 B 布洛芬 C 吲哚美辛 D 保泰松 16、塞来昔布因选择作用于( C )，严重上消化道不良反应(出血、穿孔、幽门梗阻)的发生率与其他非甾体抗炎药相比明显减少。 A环氧酶 B 环氧酶1 C 环氧酶2 D 6-磷酸葡萄糠脱氢酶 17、乙酰水扬酸严重中毒时应首选药处理,( A ) A 口服碳酸氢钠 B 口服氯化铵 C 静滴碳酸氢钠 D 口服氢氯噻嗪 implementation model. Pay special attention to prevent floating style, do something superficial, cosmetic, overcome the love of work, short of a name, one of the benefits of bad ideas. To strengthen the sense of dedication. Office in the work of the Government "nerve centre", task, and burden, busy with work, hard, tough and sometimes thankless. Come into the Office the door, will not name, not for profit, unsung hero willing; to stand up to all kinds of misunderstandings, disappointments and setbacks, inclusive of ups and downs; "any hard labor, difficult, pick is hard to pick of Dan" the spirit of love and dedication, and hard work. Second, capacity-building, top-notch performance. Office of theWork lies in the people. Government offices at all levels must follow the 16 session of the plenum on strengthening the ruling ability construction of the party in order to improve the professional quality as the core, to strengthen capacity-building, picked up a pen to write, pen said, when anything can be done. To enhance the research capacity. Neither leaders nor the General staff, will continue to face the masses, face reality and society, doing the research work. Conditions permitting, are often grassroots, institutionalized, and perseverance. Investigation depth must not be superficial, also must have the breadth must not be biased. Through research, formed a quality, thoughtful, valuable research reports, improving the ability to analyze and solve practical 18、控制严重高血压效果较好的钙拮抗剂药是哪种,( B ) A 硝苯地平 B 维拉帕米 C 合心爽 D 氟桂嗪 19、能有效预防偏头痛的钙拮抗剂药是哪种,(D ) A 硝苯地平 B 维拉帕米 C 合心爽 D 氟桂嗪 20、倍他洛尔选择性阻断(A )受体发挥降压作用。 A β Bβ C a D β 1 2 21、下列哪种表现是洋地黄中毒的指征,( ) A P-R间期延长 B Q-T间期延长 C S-T段压低 D 二联律 问题22,26 A 奎尼丁 B 利多卡因 C 心得安 D胺碘酮 E 钙拮抗剂 22、属于Ia类抗心律失常药( A )。 23、属于Ib类抗心律失常药( B )。 24、属于?类抗心律失常药( C )。 25、属于?类抗心律失常药( D )。 26、属于?类抗心律失常药( E )。 27、为避免哌唑嗪的“首剂现象”，可采取的措施( C )。 A 空腹服用 B 低钠饮食 C 小剂量睡前服用 D 舌下含服 28、卡托普利的何种不良反应可能与缓激肽及P物质和前列腺素在肺内蓄积有关,(A B C D ) A 一过性低血压 B 干咳 C 多发性神经炎 D 味觉丧失 29、哪种抗去甲肾上腺素能神经末梢药，能与囊泡膜上的胺泵有很高的亲和力，使囊泡功能丧失， 导致递质耗竭，交感神经功能降低，发挥降压作用,( C ) A 心得安 B 依那普利 C 利血平 D硝普钠 30、硝酸酯类抗心绞痛药不良反应与动、静脉扩张有关，主要包括:( A B C D ) A搏动性头痛 B 反射性心动过速 C 胃肠症状 D 局部烧灼感 31、羟甲基 二酸单酰辅酶A还原酶抑制剂典型的不良反应是(A B C ) A 皮疹 B 横纹肌溶解症 C 肝损害 D 血小板减少症 问题32,36为下列药品分类 A 沙丁胺醇 B 氨茶碱 C 异丙阿托品 D 倍氯米松 E 螺内酯 32、β受体激动药( A ) 33、肾上腺皮质激素( D ) 34、M受体阻断剂量( C ) 35、保钾利尿剂( E ) 36、茶碱类平喘药( B ) 问题37,41，哪些消化系统用药引起下列典型不良反应。 A便秘 B 可逆性肾功能衰竭 C 粒细胞减少 D 秘性脑病 E 锥体外系病 37、氢氧化铝合(A ) 38、兰索拉唑( B ) 39、西咪替丁( C ) 40、枸椽酸铋钾(D ) 41、多潘立酮( E ) 42、呋噻米可引起以下何种不良反应,( A ) A 高尿酸血症 B 耳毒性 C 升高血糖 D 男子乳房发育 implementation model. Pay special attention to prevent floating style, do something superficial, cosmetic, overcome the love of work, short of a name, one of the benefits of bad ideas. To strengthen the sense of dedication. Office in the work of the Government "nerve centre", task, and burden, busy with work, hard, tough and sometimes thankless. Come into the Office the door, will not name, not for profit, unsung hero willing; to stand up to all kinds of misunderstandings, disappointments and setbacks, inclusive of ups and downs; "any hard labor, difficult, pick is hard to pick of Dan" the spirit of love and dedication, and hard work. Second, capacity-building, top-notch performance. Office of theWork lies in the people. Government offices at all levels must follow the 16 session of the plenum on strengthening the ruling ability construction of the party in order to improve the professional quality as the core, to strengthen capacity-building, picked up a pen to write, pen said, when anything can be done. To enhance the research capacity. Neither leaders nor the General staff, will continue to face the masses, face reality and society, doing the research work. Conditions permitting, are often grassroots, institutionalized, and perseverance. Investigation depth must not be superficial, also must have the breadth must not be biased. Through research, formed a quality, thoughtful, valuable research reports, improving the ability to analyze and solve practical 问题43,45，下列降糖药可引起下列哪些不良反应 A 乳酸血糖 B 胃肠道反应 C 粒细胞减少 D 低血糖 E 肝损害 43、优降糖 ( D C ) 44、二甲双胍 ( A B ) 45、阿卡波糖 ( E ) 46、关木通为有毒中药，其典型可造成哪个器官或系统损害,( B ) A 肝脏 B 肾脏 C 心脏 D 血液系统 47、对中药安全性的认识正确的是( C ) A 凡是药品都有毒，中药亦不例外。 B 中药安全无毒 C 中药与西药相比，相对安全，低毒。 D 禁用有毒中药。 二、名词解释:(共3题，每题2分，共6分) 1、药品不良反应: 是指上市药品在正常用法用量情况下出现的与用药目的无关的或意外的有害反应。 2、药品不良事件: 是指药物治疗期间所发生的任何不利的医疗事件，该事件并非一定与该药有因果关系。 3、病例对照研究: 是分析流行病学研究方法中最基本`最重要的研究类型之一，是检验病因假说的重要工具。 implementation model. Pay special attention to prevent floating style, do something superficial, cosmetic, overcome the love of work, short of a name, one of the benefits of bad ideas. To strengthen the sense of dedication. Office in the work of the Government "nerve centre", task, and burden, busy with work, hard, tough and sometimes thankless. Come into the Office the door, will not name, not for profit, unsung hero willing; to stand up to all kinds of misunderstandings, disappointments and setbacks, inclusive of ups and downs; "any hard labor, difficult, pick is hard to pick of Dan" the spirit of love and dedication, and hard work. Second, capacity-building, top-notch performance. Office of theWork lies in the people. Government offices at all levels must follow the 16 session of the plenum on strengthening the ruling ability construction of the party in order to improve the professional quality as the core, to strengthen capacity-building, picked up a pen to write, pen said, when anything can be done. To enhance the research capacity. Neither leaders nor the General staff, will continue to face the masses, face reality and society, doing the research work. Conditions permitting, are often grassroots, institutionalized, and perseverance. Investigation depth must not be superficial, also must have the breadth must not be biased. Through research, formed a quality, thoughtful, valuable research reports, improving the ability to analyze and solve practical