护理组外科妇科理论知识 试题3

护理组外科妇科理论知识 试3 1 填空题 1 手术前要清点 -------- .---------.手术结束时要检查--------.------------等体腔，核对 -------.-----数无误后，才能关闭切口。 2 休克分---------- ---------------- -----------------或称------------------------， ---------------------和-----------------期 3 休克病人观察的要点是------------，---------，--------，-----------，--------，---------，--------。 4 破伤风的潜伏期是-----天 ，最短------天或者长达------------。 5 急性梗阻性化脓性胆管炎的四大典型症状是-----------------，-----------------，---------------， ------------ 6 休克的体位为头和躯干抬高--------------下肢抬高 --------------一增加回心血量 7 脑膜刺激征的临床表现为 ----------- ----------------- -------------- 8 颅脑手术后血肿多发生在手术后------------------小时之内 9 对颅脑手术后的病人应该严密观察----------------。--------------，及----------的变化 10 一般胸腔引流管常放在腋中线或腋后线第-------------，------------------肋间。 11 装置胸腔闭式引流管时，要注意:短管通到瓶塞即可，长管深入液面下----------cm 12 急性肾衰分三期--------------，----------，----------- 13 骨折愈合大致分为三期------------------- ---------------- ------------------ 14 计算烧伤体表面积的常用方法有--------------- ----------------------. 15 烧死严重程度分为--------------- ------------------ ------------- --------------- 16 成人特重度烧伤总面积在---------------%以上或者III度烧伤面积在---------%以上 17 烧伤局部病理变化，体液渗出的速度因烧伤严重程度而异，一般在伤后---------小时最快， --------------小时达高峰，持续----------小时 ----------小时后毛细血管通透性渐渐恢复。临床上 supplies and get to use, the registration of company assets, record maintenance, maintenance of effective management; 2.6 cost management: preparation of the annual administrative budget, control administrative costs, determine the scope of cost-sharing, sharing the office expenses by month; 2.7 information management: responsible for documents, materials, information and publicity, communication links, and ensure promptly, ranking officers reporting; responsible for the collation and analysis of information, provide the basis for corporate decisions; corporate culture construction, planning, editing, internal publications; 2.8 vehicle management: responsible for the management, repairs and maintenance of vehicles; 2.9 legal disputes: the company responsible for the handling of disputes; 2.10 other: maintaining normal working order, and security. General Manager General Manager job description 1, 1.1 develop strategies and plans: according to company strategic planning, establish the annual management plan, reported to the Board of Directors for approval; 1.2 decomposition measures: according to the Board of Directors issued the annual management plan, annual index of decomposition, through the Organization of coordination mandate in charge of the Department Organization and implementation, ensuring comprehensive implementation of annual indicators; 1.3 inspection: convenes the General Manager Office, through 习惯伤后一小时为休克期 18 胎盘有 ----------------- --------------- ----------------- -----------------等功能 19 产后出血的病因有--------- ------------------- ----------------- ------------------ 20 妊娠晚期早破水可能发生的危险有----------------- --------------- 二 多选题 1 属于代谢性酸中毒的主要临床表现的是 1轻者症状常被病情掩盖 2 典型的症状是呼吸深快，呼吸频率每分钟可以高达40-50次呼出酮味气体 3 面色潮红，心率加快，血压偏低，严重者可以出现神志不清或昏迷， 4 减反射减弱或消失因不同程度的缺水，易发生休克，尿液检测为酸性。 2 休克前期的表现正确的是 1 休克前期也叫微循环淤血期， 2 一般失血低于20% 3 病人变现在精神紧张烦躁不安，面色苍白，四肢湿冷，脉搏增快，呼吸慢，血压变化不大脉压缩小 4 尿量减少,<25-30ml或者正常 3 休克期的表现为 1 也叫微循环缺血期 2 失血量达到20%-40% 3 病人表现为反映迟钝，皮肤黏膜发绀，四肢冰冷，脉搏细数。可大于120次每分 呼吸浅快，血压进行下降， 4 尿量减少 4 休克晚期的表现为 1 病人的意识模糊或昏迷，全身皮肤粘膜明显发绀甚至瘀点瘀斑 2 血压测不出，呼吸不规则微弱，体温不高 ，并发DIC 机体失血达40% 3 可发生内脏出血 4 易发生急性呼吸窘迫综合症继而发生多器官功能衰竭 5 休克病人观察要点有 1 尽早去除病因，迅速恢复有效循环血量。 2 纠正微循环障碍，恢复组织灌注， 3 增强新机功能 4 恢复正常代谢和防止多器官功能障碍综合症 6 休克病人的观察要点是 1 意识和表情 2 皮肤黏膜 3 尿量 4 血压及脉压，呼吸脉搏及体温 7 破伤风的临床表现是 1 潜伏期一般是6-12天，个别可以伤后1-2天长着达数月 2 前驱期无特征表现，感全身乏力，头晕 3 发作期有典型的颈项强直苦笑面容 3 恐水症 8 甲状腺危象的主要原因是、 1 术前准备不足 2 甲亢症状未能很好的控制 3 手术应急反应是儿茶酚胺大量释放 4 手术操作是大量的甲状腺激素释放入血 9 急性梗阻性化脓性胆管炎的四大典型症状是 supplies and get to use, the registration of company assets, record maintenance, maintenance of effective management; 2.6 cost management: preparation of the annual administrative budget, control administrative costs, determine the scope of cost-sharing, sharing the office expenses by month; 2.7 information management: responsible for documents, materials, information and publicity, communication links, and ensure promptly, ranking officers reporting; responsible for the collation and analysis of information, provide the basis for corporate decisions; corporate culture construction, planning, editing, internal publications; 2.8 vehicle management: responsible for the management, repairs and maintenance of vehicles; 2.9 legal disputes: the company responsible for the handling of disputes; 2.10 other: maintaining normal working order, and security. General Manager General Manager job description 1, 1.1 develop strategies and plans: according to company strategic planning, establish the annual management plan, reported to the Board of Directors for approval; 1.2 decomposition measures: according to the Board of Directors issued the annual management plan, annual index of decomposition, through the Organization of coordination mandate in charge of the Department Organization and implementation, ensuring comprehensive implementation of annual indicators; 1.3 inspection: convenes the General Manager Office, through 1 腹疼 2 畏寒 高热 3 黄疸 4 中毒症状;表现为休克和神经中枢受抑制 10神经外科病人观察主要包括 1 意识 2 瞳孔 3 生命体征 4 颅内增高表现 10颅内高压的表现有 1 头疼 2 呕吐 3 视神经水肿 4 神经障碍血压升高呼吸深快脉搏减慢 11 颅内压增高的病人护理要点 1 绝对卧床休息，抬高床头15-30度 2 密切观察生命体征 3 降温，改善缺氧 4 保持呼吸道通畅，限制液体的入量，24小时不能超过2000m,l 12 闭式胸腔引流的护理有 1水封瓶的长玻璃管一浸入水面下3-4cm为宜， 2 引流后血压平稳的取半卧位 3 鼓励病人咳嗽及深呼吸促进肺扩张 4 观察引流的量.形状.水柱波动。 13急性肾衰的第一期(少尿期)症状有 1为肾实质损伤期，一般持续7-14天 也叫少尿期 2 水中毒 3 代谢性酸中毒 4 高钾血症及氮质血症 14 评估肢体末端血液循环支5p征是 1 由疼变不疼 2 苍白 3 感觉异常，麻痹 4 脉搏消失 15 脊柱骨折的处理原则 1 抢救生命 2 卧硬板床 3 复位固定 4 腰背肌锻炼 16 骨折卧床久的病人预防褥疮护理上应该做到 1 保持皮肤清洁干燥 2 经常翻身 3 按摩受压部位 4 应用气垫床或者受压处海绵垫 17 烧伤的创面护理的基本原则有哪些 1 根据烧伤的面积部位选择翻身床 2 一般2-4小时翻身一次 3 注意调节室温及相对湿度 4 勤换垫，保持床单位干燥 18 骨盆外测量的经线对的是 1 髂嵴间径 23-26cm 2 髂嵴间径 25-28 3 骶耻外径 18-20cm 4 出口横径 8.5-9.5com 19 新生儿的阿氏评分的内容有 1 出生后1分钟5分钟的心率，呼吸，肌张力，喉反射皮肤颜色 2 :10分为正常儿 3 : 7-8分表示轻度窒息 4 4-7分中度窒息 20妊娠高血压使用硫酸镁的注意事项有 1 静脉给药要慢 2 肌肉注射要浅 3 发现镁中毒立即静脉推注葡萄糖酸钙 supplies and get to use, the registration of company assets, record maintenance, maintenance of effective management; 2.6 cost management: preparation of the annual administrative budget, control administrative costs, determine the scope of cost-sharing, sharing the office expenses by month; 2.7 information management: responsible for documents, materials, information and publicity, communication links, and ensure promptly, ranking officers reporting; responsible for the collation and analysis of information, provide the basis for corporate decisions; corporate culture construction, planning, editing, internal publications; 2.8 vehicle management: responsible for the management, repairs and maintenance of vehicles; 2.9 legal disputes: the company responsible for the handling of disputes; 2.10 other: maintaining normal working order, and security. General Manager General Manager job description 1, 1.1 develop strategies and plans: according to company strategic planning, establish the annual management plan, reported to the Board of Directors for approval; 1.2 decomposition measures: according to the Board of Directors issued the annual management plan, annual index of decomposition, through the Organization of coordination mandate in charge of the Department Organization and implementation, ensuring comprehensive implementation of annual indicators; 1.3 inspection: convenes the General Manager Office, through 4 观察膝反射，呼吸不少以20次每分，尿量不少于25毫升每分 21 卵巢肿瘤的并发症有 1 蒂扭转 2 破裂 3 感染 4 恶变 22 下列孕妇不能用的有 1 反应停 雄激素 2 四环素 3 氯霉素 4 乙烯雌酚 23 决定分娩的因素有 1 产力 2 产道 3 胎儿4 子宫收缩力 24异位妊娠的主要症状有 1 停经 2 腹疼 3 阴道流血 4 胎动 25 有关于早接触早吸允正确的是 1 早接触是指正常分娩的母婴皮肤应在产后1小时 2 正常分娩早接触是说开始接触时间不少于30分钟 3 剖腹产的母婴接触应该在妈妈麻醉有应答反映后开始 4剖腹产早接触时间为不少于半小时 26 宫颈癌的诊断方法有下列哪些 1 宫颈刮片细胞学检查 2 阴道镜检查 3 宫颈多点活检和颈管活检 4 碘实验下宫颈活检 27子宫肌瘤的手术指针有 1 子宫增大在三个月妊娠以上 2 症状明显，继发贫血者 3 黏膜下子宫肌瘤 4 肌瘤导致不孕或流产，死产者，有肉瘤样或红色变性保守治疗无效 28产科改革后的新观念有哪些 1 实行24小时母婴同室 2 取消奶头奶瓶，取消婴儿室，母乳喂养的婴儿禁止用人工奶头做安慰物 3实行早开奶早吸允早期皮肤接触 4 按需哺乳 29 以下属于子宫肌瘤临床表现的是 1 月经过多 2 出现尿频，排尿困难 3可有 便秘里急后重 4 腹痛 30 胎膜早破的危害有哪些 1 早产率升高 2 围生儿死亡率增加 3 产后感染增加 4 癌变率增加 31 胎膜早破的护理要点有哪些 1 抬高床尾，使病人臀高头低防止脐带脱垂 2 保持会阴清洁 3 破膜24小时后给予抗生素 4 观察胎心变化如妊娠足月产程未发动，可行引产或剖腹产 32以下说法对的是 1 胎产式:胎体纵轴与母体纵轴的关系 2 胎先露:最先进入骨盆入口的胎儿部分 3 胎方位:胎儿先露部的指示点与母体骨盆的关系 4 早产:妊娠满28周，但未满37周，supplies and get to use, the registration of company assets, record maintenance, maintenance of effective management; 2.6 cost management: preparation of the annual administrative budget, control administrative costs, determine the scope of cost-sharing, sharing the office expenses by month; 2.7 information management: responsible for documents, materials, information and publicity, communication links, and ensure promptly, ranking officers reporting; responsible for the collation and analysis of information, provide the basis for corporate decisions; corporate culture construction, planning, editing, internal publications; 2.8 vehicle management: responsible for the management, repairs and maintenance of vehicles; 2.9 legal disputes: the company responsible for the handling of disputes; 2.10 other: maintaining normal working order, and security. General Manager General Manager job description 1, 1.1 develop strategies and plans: according to company strategic planning, establish the annual management plan, reported to the Board of Directors for approval; 1.2 decomposition measures: according to the Board of Directors issued the annual management plan, annual index of decomposition, through the Organization of coordination mandate in charge of the Department Organization and implementation, ensuring comprehensive implementation of annual indicators; 1.3 inspection: convenes the General Manager Office, through 体重在1000-2500g以下的活婴 33 小儿烧伤补液正确的是 1 留置导尿管观察每千克体重每小时不得少于1ml 2 小儿的出现躁动可能是血容量不足其次考虑是否呼吸道梗阻或脑水肿，在未确定之前不要用镇静剂 3 心率维持在140以下，如果180次每分就要纠正休克 4 婴儿的血压大致在86/60mmHg，如低于正常值且少尿说明休克 34 烧伤后脓毒血症的防止原则是 1 积极的预防休克，维护机体的防御功能，保护肠黏膜的组织屏障，对预防感染脓毒血症有重要的意义 2 早期诊断和治疗，在病人使用抗生素前，在发热高峰时抽取血送检细菌培养，如已经使用抗生素，应用24小时， 3 正确的处理创面，充分暴露创面保持干燥 4 合理使用抗生素 35 烧伤脓毒血症的表现有下列哪些 1 精神可以狂躁和压抑，最后都是抑郁多见 2 体温升或降幅度太大 3 心率加快与体温不平行 4 较早出现食欲减退，随后出现腹部饱满肠麻痹 36 试述烧伤后补液的具体方法对的是、 1胶体和晶体的比是0.5;1广泛烧伤的比可以改1:1 2 生理需要量一般用5%葡萄糖补给 3 烧伤后的以一个8小时输入总量中的晶胶量的1/2及生理量的1/3后两个8小时输入晶胶的1/4及生理量的1/3 4 烧伤后的第二个24小时补充的是第一个24小时的半量 37 烧伤休克有哪些表现 1 supplies and get to use, the registration of company assets, record maintenance, maintenance of effective management; 2.6 cost management: preparation of the annual administrative budget, control administrative costs, determine the scope of cost-sharing, sharing the office expenses by month; 2.7 information management: responsible for documents, materials, information and publicity, communication links, and ensure promptly, ranking officers reporting; responsible for the collation and analysis of information, provide the basis for corporate decisions; corporate culture construction, planning, editing, internal publications; 2.8 vehicle management: responsible for the management, repairs and maintenance of vehicles; 2.9 legal disputes: the company responsible for the handling of disputes; 2.10 other: maintaining normal working order, and security. General Manager General Manager job description 1, 1.1 develop strategies and plans: according to company strategic planning, establish the annual management plan, reported to the Board of Directors for approval; 1.2 decomposition measures: according to the Board of Directors issued the annual management plan, annual index of decomposition, through the Organization of coordination mandate in charge of the Department Organization and implementation, ensuring comprehensive implementation of annual indicators; 1.3 inspection: convenes the General Manager Office, through