春季流行病预防知识

春季流行病预防知识 春天是流脑、风疹、腮腺炎、流行性出血热等疾病的高发期，我们应多注意预防。 一、流感 由于流感是病毒性传染病，没有特效的治疗手段，因此预防措施非常重要。专家建议您: 1、养成良好的卫生习惯，勤洗手、勤换衣物。 2、房间里经常通风换气，保持空气清新。 3、加强体育锻炼，均衡饮食，平衡心态，增强自身的抵抗力。 4、接种流感疫苗，提高身体免疫力。适宜儿童、老人、慢性病人等高危人群。 5、多喝水，常吃水果蔬菜，适当摄入维生素C和维生素E。 6、流感高发期，尽量不到人多拥挤、空气污浊的场所。幼儿园、学校、工厂、机关等单位发生流感爆发疫情时，要及时隔离治疗病人。 二、流脑 “流脑”是流行性脑脊髓膜炎的简称，不但小年龄段的儿童易得此病，就是大年龄段孩子的得病人数也高fertility better. Site preparation before planting, clearing rubble, if conditions for soil disinfection can be carried out. Thickness of planting soil: Arbor thickness not less than 90cm, shrubs not less than 60cm, to be not less than 20cm. Poor quality of the soil, should enlarge the hole (hole) specifications, and debris picked up by clearing encountered lime slag, against the growth substances such as stone, asphalt, you should pit (hole) diameter increased 1 to twice times, harmful substances removal clean and put on suitable planting soil. F, green natural trees found in the planting hole dug seriously affect the operation of the underground obstacle, get in touch with designers, the appropriate changes. ?, seedling quality of trees dug a well ... C, trees have been delivered to the site in a given place, to turn the roots covered with straw to prevent water loss. ? trees planted seedlings before planting quality requirements: should be checked according to the design drawings and seedling varieties, specifications and plant location. Principles of plant "outside the high to low, the first after the first" grown order "big tree---small tree---shrub-plants" before the tree into planting holes, you should check the planting hole size and depth, while root system requirements are not met, trimming plants dibble. A, seedling rate should be commensurate with the speed of planted seedlings, planted along, kind of finish, minimizing root exposure. On planting trench, remaining seedling exposed roots should be kept buried with soil. B, depending on the specific seedlings, good seedlings and planting depth should be identified, roots with soil plug solid rear mud balls can be under the 于往年，这是一个值得注意的问。“流脑”是一种经呼吸道感染和传播，由一种叫脑膜炎双球菌的细菌感染引起的疾病。它可使患儿出现高热、头疼、精神减退，甚至出现喷射状呕吐、嗜睡、昏迷、抽风等症状，少数患儿还可出现呼吸衰竭、休克等危险情况。 如何预防“流脑”这一问题，我们来听听专家的意见: 首先，由于春天是传染病多发的季节，气候冷暖不定，要注意增减衣服;尽量少带孩子到人群密集、通风效果差的场所去; 其次，要保持居住环境的空气清洁和流通;还要坚持锻炼身体，合理饮食，平时多喝水，多吃新鲜的水果和蔬菜。 最后，就是要按时预防接种流脑疫苗。 三、风疹 风疹是由风疹病毒引起的急性传染病，经空气传播，从呼吸道进入人体发病毒血症，然后皮肤上出现皮疹。病人患风疹初期，会出现发烧、厌食、流涕、打喷嚏、结膜充血、腹泻、呕吐等症状。发病1 2天后出皮疹，首先出现在面部，24小时布满全身，略感瘙痒，皮疹呈淡红色，病情可持续2 3天，5天后病症即可消退，无脱fertility better. Site preparation before planting, clearing rubble, if conditions for soil disinfection can be carried out. Thickness of planting soil: Arbor thickness not less than 90cm, shrubs not less than 60cm, to be not less than 20cm. Poor quality of the soil, should enlarge the hole (hole) specifications, and debris picked up by clearing encountered lime slag, against the growth substances such as stone, asphalt, you should pit (hole) diameter increased 1 to twice times, harmful substances removal clean and put on suitable planting soil. F, green natural trees found in the planting hole dug seriously affect the operation of the underground obstacle, get in touch with designers, the appropriate changes. ?, seedling quality of trees dug a well ... C, trees have been delivered to the site in a given place, to turn the roots covered with straw to prevent water loss. ? trees planted seedlings before planting quality requirements: should be checked according to the design drawings and seedling varieties, specifications and plant location. Principles of plant "outside the high to low, the first after the first" grown order "big tree---small tree---shrub-plants" before the tree into planting holes, you should check the planting hole size and depth, while root system requirements are not met, trimming plants dibble. A, seedling rate should be commensurate with the speed of planted seedlings, planted along, kind of finish, minimizing root exposure. On planting trench, remaining seedling exposed roots should be kept buried with soil. B, depending on the specific seedlings, good seedlings and planting depth should be identified, roots with soil plug solid rear mud balls can be under the 屑及色素沉着。患者在出疹前数天可有耳后、颈部淋巴结肿大。 据专家介绍:预防风疹可以接种风疹疫苗。患风疹后应加强，注意多休息，多喝水，吃易消化食物，同时遵照医嘱口服抗病毒药物。 四、流行性腮腺炎 流行性腮腺炎俗称“痄腮”，是由腮腺炎病毒引起的一种急性传染病，冬春季节多见。主要通过飞沫传染，如果不注意预防，容易造成相互传染或流行。疾病初起时，腮腺以耳垂儿为中心迅速肿大，1 2日后另一侧腮腺也随之肿大，面皮肤虽不红但有压痛感，进食时疼痛加剧。有些孩子还会有头疼、发热、食欲不振、呕吐、咽喉疼痛等症状。 医生建议:“痄腮”流行期间不要到公共娱乐场所玩耍，也不要到病人家中串门，以防接触感染。应注意卧床休息，限制活动量;可经常用淡盐水漱口保持口腔清洁;多喝开水;饮食上注意营养成分及易消化特点，避免酸性及刺激性食物。医生特别提醒:腮腺炎易并发脑炎、睾丸炎，不容忽视。若发现孩子伴有剧烈头疼、喷射性呕吐、睾丸疼痛等症状，应及时带孩子到医院就诊。 fertility better. Site preparation before planting, clearing rubble, if conditions for soil disinfection can be carried out. Thickness of planting soil: Arbor thickness not less than 90cm, shrubs not less than 60cm, to be not less than 20cm. Poor quality of the soil, should enlarge the hole (hole) specifications, and debris picked up by clearing encountered lime slag, against the growth substances such as stone, asphalt, you should pit (hole) diameter increased 1 to twice times, harmful substances removal clean and put on suitable planting soil. F, green natural trees found in the planting hole dug seriously affect the operation of the underground obstacle, get in touch with designers, the appropriate changes. ?, seedling quality of trees dug a well ... C, trees have been delivered to the site in a given place, to turn the roots covered with straw to prevent water loss. ? trees planted seedlings before planting quality requirements: should be checked according to the design drawings and seedling varieties, specifications and plant location. Principles of plant "outside the high to low, the first after the first" grown order "big tree---small tree---shrub-plants" before the tree into planting holes, you should check the planting hole size and depth, while root system requirements are not met, trimming plants dibble. A, seedling rate should be commensurate with the speed of planted seedlings, planted along, kind of finish, minimizing root exposure. On planting trench, remaining seedling exposed roots should be kept buried with soil. B, depending on the specific seedlings, good seedlings and planting depth should be identified, roots with soil plug solid rear mud balls can be under the 五、皮肤病及过敏症 阳春三月，有些人身体或脸部常易发生单纯性糠疹或脂溢性皮炎，因病发于桃花盛开之时，所以又称桃花癣。发病原因可能与春季多风干燥或长时间日晒有关，也有部分人因消化不良、缺乏维生素而发病。对桃花癣的防治，首先应该针对病因，避免风吹日晒，禁食刺激性食物，限制多脂多糖饮食，忌饮酒，多食蔬菜水果，生活起居要有规律。 另外，春天各类植物开始生长开花，空气中花粉等颗粒物大量增加。若春游踏青接触草木花粉后，如果出现鼻痒、流涕、喷嚏、腹痛腹泻、气紧、面色苍白、出冷汗、手足冰凉、血压下降等过敏反应，应尽快到医院救治。 六、过敏性鼻炎 又到草长莺飞的季节，花开了，树抽芽了，人们的过敏性鼻炎症状亦多发起来。过敏性鼻炎为耳鼻喉科常见疾病，可分为常年性和花粉症两类。通常，具有以下三种情况的人易患过敏性鼻炎:1(是特异性个体,也就是个体差异或过敏体质,并有一定的遗传因素。2(是特异性抗原,就是能够引起过敏性体质的人过敏的物质,主要是可吸入的花粉、尘螨、昆虫、皮毛、真菌和各种化fertility better. Site preparation before planting, clearing rubble, if conditions for soil disinfection can be carried out. Thickness of planting soil: Arbor thickness not less than 90cm, shrubs not less than 60cm, to be not less than 20cm. Poor quality of the soil, should enlarge the hole (hole) specifications, and debris picked up by clearing encountered lime slag, against the growth substances such as stone, asphalt, you should pit (hole) diameter increased 1 to twice times, harmful substances removal clean and put on suitable planting soil. F, green natural trees found in the planting hole dug seriously affect the operation of the underground obstacle, get in touch with designers, the appropriate changes. ?, seedling quality of trees dug a well ... C, trees have been delivered to the site in a given place, to turn the roots covered with straw to prevent water loss. ? trees planted seedlings before planting quality requirements: should be checked according to the design drawings and seedling varieties, specifications and plant location. Principles of plant "outside the high to low, the first after the first" grown order "big tree---small tree---shrub-plants" before the tree into planting holes, you should check the planting hole size and depth, while root system requirements are not met, trimming plants dibble. A, seedling rate should be commensurate with the speed of planted seedlings, planted along, kind of finish, minimizing root exposure. On planting trench, remaining seedling exposed roots should be kept buried with soil. B, depending on the specific seedlings, good seedlings and planting depth should be identified, roots with soil plug solid rear mud balls can be under the 学物质等，可致敏。3(是过敏体质的人与致敏原相接触,也就是说可能患病的人接触到可能引起患病的东西，从而发生过敏性鼻炎。 患有过敏性鼻炎应尽快治疗，过敏性鼻炎的症状与感冒相似，如果延误治疗或治疗不当，还可能诱发多种合并症，最常见的是支气管哮喘，有的还并发鼻窦炎、中耳炎、过敏性咽喉炎等。所以，对过敏性鼻炎不可忽视，一定要早防早治。 目前，对其治疗的手段主要有两种，药物治疗和手术治疗。药物治疗一般不要超过7天，长期使用会引起药物性鼻炎。而严重的过敏性鼻炎可采用手术治疗方法，如在内镜下进行激光、微波或者等离子消融治疗等。 七、皮肤瘙痒 不少人在空气干燥的冬春季节会出现皮肤瘙痒症，一般日轻夜重，尤以解衣上床睡眠时为甚。病人感觉阵发性全身瘙痒，如虫爬、蚁走或有烧灼感，严重影响工作和生活。其实，如果从衣、食、住等诸方面加以注意，皮肤瘙痒症是可以预防的。 衣:内衣和内裤要保持清洁，内衣应柔软松宽，以棉织品为好。因为化纤服装易产生静电，体表细胞由于静电的刺激易产生不适，因此避免将化纤服装贴身穿。 fertility better. Site preparation before planting, clearing rubble, if conditions for soil disinfection can be carried out. Thickness of planting soil: Arbor thickness not less than 90cm, shrubs not less than 60cm, to be not less than 20cm. Poor quality of the soil, should enlarge the hole (hole) specifications, and debris picked up by clearing encountered lime slag, against the growth substances such as stone, asphalt, you should pit (hole) diameter increased 1 to twice times, harmful substances removal clean and put on suitable planting soil. F, green natural trees found in the planting hole dug seriously affect the operation of the underground obstacle, get in touch with designers, the appropriate changes. ?, seedling quality of trees dug a well ... C, trees have been delivered to the site in a given place, to turn the roots covered with straw to prevent water loss. ? trees planted seedlings before planting quality requirements: should be checked according to the design drawings and seedling varieties, specifications and plant location. Principles of plant "outside the high to low, the first after the first" grown order "big tree---small tree---shrub-plants" before the tree into planting holes, you should check the planting hole size and depth, while root system requirements are not met, trimming plants dibble. A, seedling rate should be commensurate with the speed of planted seedlings, planted along, kind of finish, minimizing root exposure. On planting trench, remaining seedling exposed roots should be kept buried with soil. B, depending on the specific seedlings, good seedlings and planting depth should be identified, roots with soil plug solid rear mud balls can be under the 食:注意调整胃肠功能，以清淡、富含维生素的新鲜蔬菜和豆制品为佳;禁忌烟、酒、辣椒、浓茶、咖啡等刺激性食品;保持大便通畅，以便将体内积聚的致敏物质及时排出体外。 住:将室内温度调为16,20?、相对湿度为30,,40,。当相对湿度低于20,时，室内空气过于干燥，尘土等致敏物质容易飞扬。因此应在地上洒水，有条件者可启用加湿器。 专家温馨提示 皮肤敏感者不仅应适当减少活动，还要注意洗澡不宜过勤、水温不宜过高，否则皮肤表面的皮脂就会被洗掉，使皮肤更为干燥而易于瘙痒。沐浴后可在体表涂搽些30,,50,甘油。另外，发生瘙痒别乱挠，以防表皮细胞发生增殖性变化，变得粗糙、肥厚，这种皮肤对末梢神经感受器是一种刺激，形成新的条件反射，其结果是越瘙越痒，形成恶性循环。 fertility better. Site preparation before planting, clearing rubble, if conditions for soil disinfection can be carried out. Thickness of planting soil: Arbor thickness not less than 90cm, shrubs not less than 60cm, to be not less than 20cm. Poor quality of the soil, should enlarge the hole (hole) specifications, and debris picked up by clearing encountered lime slag, against the growth substances such as stone, asphalt, you should pit (hole) diameter increased 1 to twice times, harmful substances removal clean and put on suitable planting soil. F, green natural trees found in the planting hole dug seriously affect the operation of the underground obstacle, get in touch with designers, the appropriate changes. ?, seedling quality of trees dug a well ... C, trees have been delivered to the site in a given place, to turn the roots covered with straw to prevent water loss. ? trees planted seedlings before planting quality requirements: should be checked according to the design drawings and seedling varieties, specifications and plant location. Principles of plant "outside the high to low, the first after the first" grown order "big tree---small tree---shrub-plants" before the tree into planting holes, you should check the planting hole size and depth, while root system requirements are not met, trimming plants dibble. A, seedling rate should be commensurate with the speed of planted seedlings, planted along, kind of finish, minimizing root exposure. On planting trench, remaining seedling exposed roots should be kept buried with soil. B, depending on the specific seedlings, good seedlings and planting depth should be identified, roots with soil plug solid rear mud balls can be under the