潍坊科技职业学院教案

潍坊科技职业学院 课程名称：大学英语 授课人： Unit 9 Genes and Emotions 2 课题 课时 Analyze the relationship between gees and emotions 教学目的 Understand the difficult language points 与 Language points and practice speaking 教学重点 To analyze the relationship between gees and emotions 与难点 主 要 内 容 及 步 骤 I. class arrangement 教 II. learn the new task III. Disscussion 学 IV. Exercises V. Sum-up 过 VI. Homework 程 授课效果 Students could behave actively. 分析总结 一. New words and expressions gene n. [C] a small part of the material at a cell that controls the development of the qualities that have been passed on to a living thing from its parents 基因 debate n. [C; U] discussion or argument on a subject that people have different opinions about 讨论；辩论 [例] There has been little public debate on these issues. 对这些问题几乎没有进行过公众讨论。 [例] Over the year, we have had several debates about future policy. 一年中我们对未来政策进行好几次辩论。 biology n. [U] the scientific study of living things 生物学 packet n. [C] a small container with several similar things in it 小包；小盒；小袋 [例] How many coins are there in the packet? 袋里有多少硬币？ [例] She smokes a packet of cigarettes a day. 她一天抽一包烟。 geneticist n. [C] a person who studies genetics 遗传学家 [例] Geneticists believe that the study of genes will progress greatly in the 21st century. 遗传学 家相信基因研究将在21世纪取得大的进步。 respectively adv. each separately in the order mentioned 各自地；分别地 [例] In the race, Liz and Mary came in first and third respectively. 在赛跑中，利兹和玛丽分别取得第一名和第三名。 [例] He and his sister are a teacher and police officer respectively. 他和他的姐姐分别是老师和警察。 identical adj. exactly the same 完全相同的 [例] I've got three identical red skirts. 我有三条相同的红裙。 [例] The tests are identical to those carried out last year. 这些考试和去年举行的相同。 servant n. [C] a person who is paid to do personal services for someone, such as cleaning or cooking, especially in their house 仆人；佣人 [例] He has a group of faithful servants. 他有一帮忠心耿耿的仆人。 [例] The servant will follow her wherever she goes. 无论走到哪里，她的仆人都跟着她。 row n. [C] a line of people or things next to each other 一排；一行；一列 [例] a row of houses 一排房子 [例] We stood in rows to receive our diplomas from the teacher. 我们排队从老师那里领取证书。 interact vi. have an effect on each other or something else by being or working together 互相作用；互相影响 [例] It's interesting at parties to see how people interact socially. 在聚会上看人们如何交往是很有趣的。 [例] Modern architects are designing buildings for the future that will interact with the user. 现代建筑师正在设计未来的、与用户互相影响的建筑物。 chemical n. [C] a substance used in or produced by chemistry 化学物质；化学制品 [例] mix chemicals in a test tube 把化学物质在试管中混合 [例] The government has promised to reduce the amount of chemicals used in food production. 政府已经保证减少食品生产中使用的化学制剂量。 anxiety n. [C; U] the feeling of being very worried about something 焦虑；不安；担心 [例] Children normally feel a lot of anxiety about their first day at school. 小孩子对第一天上学通常都感到非常紧张。 [例] Traffic jams and bad housing are the main anxieties of people who live in urban areas. 交通堵塞和住房紧张是都市居民焦虑不安的主要问题。 tablet n. [C] a small, round, solid piece of medicine; a pill 药片；药丸 [例] I cannot fall asleep without taking sleeping tablets. 不吃安眠药我就睡不着觉。 [例] I've taken two tablets but my headache hasn't gone yet. 我服了两片药，可我的头疼还是没 好。 underlying adj.basic though not easily noticed 基本的；根本的 [例] The underlying causes of the strike have been ignored. 这场罢工的根本起因被忽视了。 [例] The underlying reasons for his resigning is not clear yet. 他辞职的根本原因还不清楚。 outlook n. [C] one's general attitude to life and work 看法；观点；态度 [例] He has a very positive outlook on life. 他对人生持相当积极的态度。 [例] His mother's sudden passing away changed his outlook on life. 他母亲的突然辞世改变了他对人生的看法。 prompt vt.cause something to happen 促使；引起 [例] What prompted you to say that to your teacher? 是什么促使你向老师说了那样的话？ [例] Seeing the children playing in the park prompted his childhood memories. 看到公园里玩耍的孩子使他想起了自己的童年。 sketch n. [C] a simple, quickly-made drawing with little detail 草图；速写；素描 [例] She makes a sketch of a scene first and then she paints it. 她先画一幅场景素描，然后上颜 料。 [例] Every student is required to make a sketch of a tree.每个学生都被要求画一张树的素描。 poll n. [C] an attempt to find out the general opinion about something, especially about a political matter, by questioning a large number of people 民意调查；民意测验 [例] A new nationwide poll suggests there is widespread support for the proposal. 一项新的全国性民意调查表明，该项计划受到广泛支持。 [例] A recent poll shows that 70% of university students are not satisfied with the college English education. 最近一项民意测验表明：70%的大学生对大学英语教育不满意。 extrovert n. [C] someone who is active and confident, and who enjoys spending time with other people 性格外向的人 [例] Her family is a noisy group of extroverts. 她的家庭是一群热热闹闹喜欢社交的人。 [例] He is an extrovert and likes going to parties. 他性格外向，喜欢参加聚会。 introvert n. [C] someone who spends little time sharing activities with others 性格内向的人 [例] He is an introvert. 他是个内向的人。 [例] He used to be very sociable, but he's been an introvert since his wife's death. 他原来很爱交际，但自妻子去世以来他变得内向起来。 torch n. [C] a long stick with burning material at one end that produces light 火把；火炬 [例] the Olympic torch奥林匹克火炬 [例] The liberty torch illuminated Latin America. 自由的火炬照耀拉丁美洲。 settlement n. [C; U] an agreement or decision that ends an argument （争端的）解决；和解 [例] The two parties failed to reach a settlement in the trade war. 双方未能就贸易战达成。 [例] Following the settlement of the strike, the train service is now back to normal. 罢工解决之后，铁路交通服务现在已恢复正常。 pass down give or leave something to people who are younger or live later 把……传给后人；把……往下传 [例] This custom has been passed down since the 18th century. 这个习俗是18世纪传下来的。 [例] The property has been passed down from father to son. 财产由父亲传给儿子。 warn (sb.) against advise (someone) not to do something 告诫（某人）不做某事 [例] I've been warned against that company, so I'll take a job somewhere else. 有人警告过我不要与那家公司打交道，所以我要在别的地方找工作。 [例] Didn't I warn you against putting your money into that foolish plan? 我不是警告过你不要把钱投入那个愚蠢的计划吗？ attach importance to think that something is important and that it should be considered seriously重视；认为很重要 [例] Both her parents attach great importance to education. 她的父母都很重视教育。 [例] Do you attach any importance to what she said? 你很在乎她的话吗？ bring on make something happen 引起；导致 [例] a cold brought on by going out in the rain 因冒雨外出导致的重感冒 [例] The crisis in our industry was brought on by the increasing price of raw material. 我们这行业的危机是由于原材料价格上涨。 in sight likely to happen即将发生 [例] There is no end in sight to the strike. 罢工还没有结束的迹象。 [例] Peace is now in sight. 和平在望了。 Language points . Some scientists now believe it to be a matter of biology, though many believe the answer cannot be wrapped up in such a neat little packet. Meaning: Some scientists now believe that human happiness is a biological matter, though many believe that the answer is not that simple. 2. Geneticist John Hamer believes there are genes that make some people happier or sadder than others. Meaning: Geneticist John Hamer believes that there are genes that make some people happier while making some people sadder. 3. Hamer reviewed twin studies of this nature. Please notice the figurative use of "twin" in this sentence. "Twin" is a pun: on the one hand, it means that the objects of the study are twin brothers and sisters; on the other hand, it implies that there are two studies: one is on identical twins and the other on twins who are not identical. 4. In the first study, David Brown and George Yule —a psychologist and a geneticist, respectively —tried to measure happiness in 1,500 sets of twins, half of which were identical. Please notice that: "identical twins (同卵双胞胎)" are twins of the same sex who look exactly like each other. 5. Upon receipt of the completed surveys, it became clear that the responses, or happiness scores, of the twins who were not identical were almost no different than the responses of unrelated pairs of people. Meaning: The results of the survey showed clearly that the twins who were not identical gave the same responses, or got the same happiness scores, as those pairs of people who were not related. 6. Since identical twins have genes that are complete copies of one another, the researchers believed this revealed a physical link to happiness. Meaning: Because identical twins have exactly the same genes as each other, the researchers believed that this proved that happiness was a biological or physical matter. 7. Hamer viewed the research on twins as strong proof that people's basic personality is a matter of biology, passed down as a row of interacting genes. Meaning: Hamer believed that the study of twins has strongly proved that people's basic personality is biological, passed down from parents to children in the form of genes that influence one another. 8. Likewise, medical researchers believe that depression and anxiety are caused by an imbalance of such chemicals, and often prescribe them in tablet form to patients who cannot produce enough. Meaning: Similarly, medical researchers believe that depression and anxiety occur because the amount of such chemicals is not balanced. So they often prescribe tablets to the patients who cannot produce enough of such chemicals. 9. Many researchers believe that while the underlying ability to experience pleasure may be physical, much happiness can come from other things, such as family, friends, and accomplishments. Meaning: Many researchers believe that although the basic ability to feel happiness may be related to genes, much happiness can come from other things, such as family, friends, and achievements. 10. On the other hand, opponents of Hamer's theory note that any number of factors may have affected the researchers' studies, and warn against attaching great importance to these results. Meaning: On the other hand, those who are against Hamer's theory point out that many factors may have affected the researcher's studies, and warn people not to attach too much importance to these results. 11. Others say that these studies provide a mere sketch of a much larger and complicated picture. Meaning: Others say that these studies only give a very simple description of a much greater and complicated situation. 12. Research that has been done in prisons, nursing homes, and other places where people are highly controlled, has all conveyed the depressing effects of a life without personal freedom. Meaning: Research that has been carried out in prisons, nursing homes, and other places where people are highly controlled, has all showed that a life without personal freedom has bad effects which make people depressed. 13. Ultimately, torches still burn brightly on both sides of this debate, with no real settlement in sight. Meaning: Finally, the debates between the two sides will go on, with no possibility of reaching a conclusion in the near future. exercise 1. There was a long ______ in school on the question of whether university students should or should not be encouraged to have part-time jobs. A. report B. debate C. lesson D. meeting 2. The two words are ______ in meaning, so we can use either of them without twisting the meaning of this sentence. A. identical B. different C. meaningful D. difficult 3. She is studying the complex way in which people ______ with each other at parties. A. connect B. dance C. interact D. say 4. We waited with great ______ for more news about the accident to see whether John was lucky enough to survive. A. happiness B. excitement C. joy D. anxiety 5. A work of art usually shows its author's ______ on the world. A. outlook B. issue C. matter D. worry 6. The sight of the ships ______ thoughts of his distant home. A. appeared B. introduced C. prompted D. led 7. He prepared himself by making several ______ before starting to draw the buildings. A. graphs B. sketches C. pictures D. speeches 8. The management reached a(n)______ with the union over the pay dispute and so the strike ended peacefully. A. answer B. conclusion C. talk D. settlement