国际经济法_英文名解汇总_纲目版

国际经济法 英文名解汇总 第1章 国际经济法总论 Merchandise theory 重商主义学说 Absolute advantage theory 绝对优势理论学说 Comparative advantage theory 比较优势理论学说 International economic law 国际经济法 World bank (group) = WBG世界银行（集团） World trade organization = WTO 世界贸易组织 International monetary fund = IMF 国际货币基金组织 Treaty on European union 欧盟条约 Law of conflict of laws 国际私法/法律冲突法 Natural person 自然人 Legal person 法人 Transnational corporations 跨国公司 Quasi-international agreement 准国际协议 General agreement on tariffs and trade = GATT 《关税与贸易总协定》 UNCTAD 联合国贸易与发展会议/联合国贸发会议 EU 欧盟 ASEAN 东南亚联盟 CCM 加勒比共同市场 NAFTA 北美自由贸易区 Organization of petroleum exporting countries = OPEC 石油输出国组织 UNCITRAL 联合国国际贸易法委员会 WIPO 世界知识产权组织 第二章 国际货物买卖法 United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods = CISG 《联合国国际货物销售合同公约》/《销售合同公约》 Negotiation 洽商 Terms of transaction 交易条件 Inquiry 询盘 Buying offer = Bid 买方发盘/递盘 Selling offer 卖方发盘 To sign a contract 签订合同 Offer 要约 Offeror 要约人 Offeree 受要约人 Invitation for offer 要约邀请 Quotation 报价单 Price list 价目表 Catalogues 商品目录 Specific person 特定的人 Sufficiently definite 十分确定 Cross offer 碰头要约 Withdrawal （要约的）撤回 Revocation （要约的）撤销 Irrevocable 不可撤销 Reasonable time 合理的时间 Public offer 公开发盘 Acceptance 承诺 Late acceptance 逾期承诺 Official holidays 正式假日 Non-business days 非营业日 Mirror-image rule 镜子反射规则 Additions 添加 Modifications 更改 Limitations 限制 Material alteration 实质上的变更 Received of the letter of acceptance rule 到达生效原则 Corporation 公司 Firm 商行 Partnership 合伙 Insurance to be effected by the buyer 保险由买方负责 Inspection clause 检验条款 Claim clause 索赔条款 Confirmation of sales 销售确认书 Contract of sales 买卖合同 Concurrent condition 对流条件 Delivery 交货 Take delivery 受领 Shipping documents 装运单据 Counter-offer 反要约/还盘 Right 权利 Claim 要求 Breach of contract 违约 Fundamental breach of contract 根本违反合同 Anticipatory breach of contract 预期违反合同 Adequate assurance of his performance 提供充分保证 Damages 损害赔偿 Specific performance 实际履行 Repair 修理 Declare the contract avoided 宣告合同无效 Warsaw-Oxford Rules 《华沙——牛津规则》 International Rules for the Interpretation of Trade Terms = Incoterms 《国际贸易术语解释通则》 ICC 国际商会 Electronic Data Interchange = EDI 电子数据交换 Departure 启运（E组术语） Main carriage unpaid 主运费未付（F组术语） Main carriage paid 主运费已付（C组术语） Arrival 到达（D组术语） 1.EXW = EX Works……(named place) 工厂交货……（指定地点） 2.FCA = Free Carrier……(named place) 货交承运人……（指定地点） 3.FAS = Free Alongside Ship……(named port of shipment) 船边交货……（指定装运港） 4.FOB = Free on Board……(named port of shipment) 船上交货……（指定装运港），又称离岸价格 5.CFR = Cost and Freight……(named port of destination) 成本加运费……（指定目的港） 6.CIF = Cost Insurance and Freight……(named port of destination) 成本、保险费加运费……（指定目的港） 7.CPT = Carriage paid to……(named port of destination) 运费付至……（指定目的地） 8.CIP = Carriage and Insurance paid to……(named port of destination) 运费及保险费付至……（指定目的地） 9.DAF = Delivered at Frontier……(named place) 边境交货……（指定地点） 10.DES = Delivered Ex Ship……(named port of destination) 目的港船上交货……（指定目的港） 11.DEQ = Delivered Ex Quay……( named port of destination) 目的港码头交货……（指定目的港） 12.DDU = Delivered Duty Unpaid……(named port of destination) 未完税交货……（指定目的地） 13.DDP = Delivered Duty Paid……(named port of destination) 完税后交货……（指定目的地） Equivalent electronic message 相等的电子单证 Ship's rail 船舷 Document transaction 单证交易 Specific goods 特定货物 Unascertained goods 非特定货物 Specified goods 特定化货物 In transit 路货 Tender or delivery of goods 提供或交付的货物 第三章 国际货物运输与保险法律 Ship owner 船舶所有人 Disponent owner 二船东 Affreightment in a general ship 件杂货运输合同/零担运输合同/提单运输 Liner shipping 班轮运输 Charter party = C/P 租船合同 Voyage charter party 航次租船合同 Single trip C/P 单航次合同 Return trip C/P 往返航次租船合同 Consecutive single trip C/P 连续单航次合同 Consecutive return trip C/P 连续往返航次租船合同 Contract of affreightment 包运租船合同 Standard form 标准合同形式 Gencon “金康”合同 Safety port clause 安全港条款 Always floating clause 永远漂浮状态条款 Time charter party 定期租船合同 Baltime 波尔泰定期租船合同 Bareboat charter party = charter by demise 光船租赁合同 Contract of affreightment 海上货物运输包运合同/海上货物运输总合同 Combined transport 联合运输 Combined transport contract 多式联运合同 Frustration 合同受阻 Due diligence to make the ship seaworthiness 谨慎处理使船舶处于适航的状态 Deviation 绕航 Freight 运费 Freight prepaid 预付运费 Freight to collect 到付运费 Dead freight 亏舱费/空舱费 Demurrage 滞期费 General average contribution 共同海损费用 Package limitation of liability 单位责任限制 Sea waybill 海运单 Bill of lading = B/L 提单 Prima facie evidence 初步证据 Conclusive evidence 绝对证据 Shipped (or on board) B/L 已装船提单 Received for shipped B/L 收货待运提单/备运提单 Dock receipt 场站收据 Straight B/L 记名提单 Bearer B/L = open or blank B/L 不记名提单/空白提单/持票人提单 Bearer 持有人 To bearer 交与持有人 Order B/L 指示提单 To order 凭指示 To order of ... 凭某某人指示 Clean B/L 清洁提单 In apparent good order and condition 上列外表状况良好 Unclean B/L = claused B/L = foul B/L 不清洁提单 Mate's receipt 大副收据 Letter of indemnity 保函 Long form B/L 全式提单/繁式提单 Short form B/L 简式提单/略式提单 Direct B/L 直达提单 Transshipment B/L 转船提单 through B/L 联运提单 Ocean through B/L 海上联运提单 Contracting carrier 订约承运人 Successive carriers 连续的承运人 On-carrier 接运承运人 Actual carrier 实际承运人 Pure ocean through B/L 纯海上联运提单 Combined transport B/L 多式联运提单 Liner B/L 班轮提单 Charter party B/L 租船提单 On deck B/L 舱面提单/甲板提单 On deck risk 甲板险 Anti-dated B/L 倒签提单 Advanced B/L 预借提单 Electronic B/L 电子提单 CMI Rules for Electronic Bill of Lading 《国际海事委员会电子提单规则》 Vessel and nationality 船名和船舶国籍 Ports of loading and unloading and of call 装货地和目的地或中途停靠港地 Description of goods,marks,packages,numbers,measurement or weight 货物品名、标志、包装、件数、体积或重量 Freight and charges 运费和应当给付承运人的其他费用 Date of signing at ... 提单签发的日期、地点和分数 Signed by carrier master 承运人或船长签署 Name of vessel 船名 Carrier 承运人 Shipper 托运人 Consignee 收货人 Notify party 人 To be notified 需通知 Freight payment 运费支付 Jurisdiction clause 管辖权条款 Paramount clause 首要条款 Carrier's liability clause 承运人责任条款 Period of carrier's responsibility clause 承运人责任期间条款 Loading,Discharging and Delivery Clause 装货、卸货和交货条款 Package limitation 赔偿责任限额 Deck cargo and live animals clause 甲板货和活动物条款 Cargo in container clause 集装箱货物条款 Forwarding,Substitute of vessel,Through carriage and Transhipment clause 转运、换船、联运与转船条款 General average clause 共同海损条款 New Jason Clause 新杰森条款 Both to blame collision clause 互有过失碰撞条款 Original B/L 正本提单 Copy 副本 Non-negotiable 不能流通 Letter of indemnity 保函 Defraud a third party 对第三者有欺诈的意图 Endorsement 背书 Assignor 出让人 Assignee 受让人 Endorsement in blank 空白背书 Special endorsement 特定背书 International Convention for the Unification of Certain Rules of Law Relating to Bill of Lading = The Hague Rules 《统一提单的若干法律规定的国际公约》/《海牙规则》 From tackle to tackle “钩至钩”原则 Common carrier 公共承运人 Private carrier 私人承运人 Harter Act 《哈特法》 Seaworthiness 船舶适航的标准 Loading 装货 Handling 搬移 Stowage 配载 Carrying 运送 Custody and caring 保管和照料 Discharging 卸货 Navigation of ship 驾驶船舶 Management of ship 管理船舶 Actual fault or privity 实际过失或私谋 Inherent vice 固有缺陷 Latent defect 潜在缺陷 Ejusdem genesis rule 同类规则 Protocol to Amend the International Convention for the Unification of Certain Rules of Law Relating to Bills of Lading = The Visby Rules 《关于修订统一提单若干法律规定的国际公约议定书》/《维斯比规则》 Special drawing right = SDR 特别提款权 Breach of contract 违约 Tort 侵权行为 Himalayan clause 喜马拉雅条款 Independent contractor 独立的承包商 United Nations Convention on Carriage of Goods by Sea 《1978年联合国海上货物运输公约》/《汉堡规则》 Common understanding 共同谅解书 International multimodal transport 国际多式联运 International multimodal transport of goods 国际货物多式联运 Container 集装箱 Container freight station = CFS 集装箱货运站 Port to port 港到港 Door to door 门到门运输 Uniform Rules for a Combined Transport Document 1973 《联运单证统一规则》 Combined transport operator 多式联运经营人/联运人 Principal 本人 Multimodal transport document 多式联运单证 Ocean bill of lading 海洋提单 Way bill 铁路运单 Air waybill 航空货运单/空运单 Convention for Unification of Certain Rules Relating to International Transportation by Air = Warsaw Convention 《统一国际航空运输某些规则的公约》/1929年《华沙公约》 Hague Protocal 《修改1927年10月12日在华沙签订的国际航空运输某些规则的公约的议定书》/《海牙议定书》 Guadalajara convention 《统一非订约承运人所办国际航空运输某些规则以补充华沙公约的公约》/《瓜达拉哈拉公约》 Air consignment note = ACN 空运单证/空运托运单 CIM 国际铁路货物运输公约 CMR 国际公路货物运输公约 Wilful misconduct 故意的不当行为 Insurance broker 保险经纪人 The slip 承保条 Insurance policy 保险单 Marine insurance 海上保险/水险 Valued policy 定值保单 Valued insurance 定值保险合同 Unvalued policy 不定值保单 Unvalued insurance 不定值保险合同 Voyage 航程保单 Time policy 定期保单 Open policy 预约保险合同/预约保单/开口保单 Original slip 原始承保条 Floating policy 流动保险合同/流动保单 Insurable interest 保险利益/可保利益 Legal interest 法律所认可的利益 Pecuniary interest 经济上的利益 Definite interest 确定的利益 Utmost good faith 绝对诚信 Disclosure 告知 Warranty 保证 Promissory warranty 允诺的担保 Principle of indemnity 损失补偿 Proximate 近因原则 Perils of the sea 海上风险/海难 Natural calamity 自然灾害 Fortuitous accidents 意外事故 Extraneous risks 外来风险 Total loss 全部损失 Actual total loss 实际全损 Constructive total (loss) 推定全损 Partial loss 部分损失 Particular average = P.A. 单独海损 General average = G.A. 共同海损 General average contribution 共同海损分摊 Sue and labour expenses 诉讼与营救费用 Salvage charges 救助费用 Abandonment 委付 Subrogation 代位求偿 Free from particular average 平安险/单独海损不赔 With particular average 水渍险 All risks 一切险 Additional risks 附加险 General additional risks 一般附加险 Theft,pilferage and non-delivery 偷窃提货不着险 Rain fresh water damage 淡水雨淋险 Risk of shortage 短量险 Risk of contamination 玷污险 Risk of leakage 渗漏险 Risk of clashing & breakage 碰损破碎险 Risk of odour 串味险 Damage caused by sweating & or heating 受潮受热险 Risk damage 钩损险 Loss of damage caused by breakage of packing 包装破裂险 Risk of rusting 锈损险 Special additional risk 特别附加险 War risk 战争险 Strikes risk 罢工险 On deck risk 舱面险 Import duty risk 进口关税险 Rejection risk 拒收险 Failure to deliver risk 交货不到险 第4章 国际贸易结算与支付法律制度 International payment 国际支付 Foreign exchange control 外汇管制 International Monetary Fund = IMF 国际货币基金组织 Forward transaction 远期外汇交易 Swap transaction 掉期交易 Currency option 外币期权交易 Bill 票据 Drawer 出票人 Drawee = payer受票人/付款人 Payee 受款人 Negotiation 权利转让 Assignment 债权让与 Predecessors 前手 Holder for value 付了对价的持票人 Holder in due course 正当持票人 Protected holder 受保护持票人 Bill of exchange = draft = bill 汇票 Promissory note 本票 Check = cheque 支票 Issue 出票 Preparation 做成 Delivery 交付 Endorsement 背书 Presentment 提示 Acceptance 承兑 Payment 付款 Dishonour 拒付 Recourse 追索 Electronic funds transfer = EFT 电子资金划拨 Originator 发端人 Beneficiary 受益人 Originator's bank 发端人银行/接受发端人支付指令的银行 Intermediary bank 中间银行 Beneficiary's bank 受益人银行 Remittance 汇付/顺汇 Reverse remittance 逆汇 Collection 托收 Letter of credit 信用证 Remitter 汇款人 Remitting bank 汇出行 Paying bank 汇入行 Payee 收款人 Mail transfer = M/T 信汇 Telegraphic transfer = T/T 电汇 Demand draft = D/D 票汇 Payment in advance 预付货物 Payment after arrival of goods 货到付款 Banker's demand draft 银行即期汇票 Remittance against documents 凭单付款 Principal = customer 委托人/本人/（银行的）客户 Subagent 代理人的代理人 Remittance letter 托收委托书 Privity of contract 合同关系 Remitting bank 托收行 Collecting bank 代收行 Drawee 付款人/汇票受票人 Clean collection 光票托收 Documentary collection 跟单托收 Documents against payment = D/P 付款交单 Documents against acceptance = D/A 承兑交单 Uniform Rules on the Collection = URC 《托收统一规则》URC522 Collection order 托收指令 Collection instruction 托收指示 Discount 贴现 Application form 开证申请书 Applicant 开证申请人 Issuing bank 开证行 Advising bank 通知行 Beneficiary 受益人 Negotiating bank 议付行 Confirming bank 保兑行 Paying bank 付款行 Transferee = second beneficiary 受让人/第二受益人 Reimbursing bank 偿付银行/清算银行 Documentary L/C 跟单信用证 Clean L/C 光票信用证 Revocable L/C 可撤销信用证 Irrevocable L/C 不可撤销信用证 Confirmed L/C 保兑信用证 Unconfirmed L/C 不保兑信用证 Sight L/C 即期信用证 Usance L/C 远期信用证 Transferable L/C 可转让信用证 Divisible L/C 可分割信用证 Revolving L/C 循环信用证 Non-revolving L/C 非循环信用证 Reciprocal L/C 对开信用证 Standby L/C 备用信用证/担保信用证/保证信用证/履约信用证 Binding promise 有约束力的允诺 Uniform Customs and Practice for Documentary Credit = UCP 《跟单信用证统一惯例》UCP600 All discrepancies 全部不符点 Accounting receivable = A/R 应收账款 Factoring 保理 Forfaiting = invoice discounting 福费廷/发票贴现/包买票据 Securitization 资产证券化 Project financing 项目融资 The United Nations Commission on International Trade Law = UNCITRAL 联合国国际贸易法委员会 Origin contract 原始合同 Assignment contract 转让合同 Assignment 转让 Assignor 转让人 Assignee 受让人 Obligor 债务人 Subsequent assignment 后继转让 Assignment of international receivables 国际应收款的转让 International assignment of receivables 应收款的国际转让 Notification of the assignment 转让通知 Payment instruction 付款指示 Competing creditors 竞合求偿人 Trust receipt T/P 信托收据 International factoring 国际保付代理/国际保理 第5章 WTO与中国的对外贸易 GATT 关税与贸易总协定 WTO 世界贸易组织 IMF 国际货币基金组织 Round （各轮贸易谈判）回合 Plurilateral trade agreement 诸边贸易协议/复边贸易协议 Marrakesh Agreement onEstablishing the World Trade Organization 《马拉喀什建立世界贸易组织协定》/《WTO协定》 Forum 场所 Doha development agenda = DDA 多哈发展议程 Contracting party 缔约方 Member 成员方 Separate customs territory 单独关税区 Chinese Taipei 中华台北 Free riding 免费搭车 Ministerial conference 部长会议 General council 总理事会 Council 理事会 Committee 委员会 Dispute Settlement Body & Appellate Body 争端解决机构与上诉机构 Secretariat 秘书处 Most-favored-nation Treatment = MFN 最惠国待遇原则 GSP 普遍优惠制 Enabling clause 授权条款 National treatment 国民待遇 GATS 《服务贸易总协定》 Schedule 减让表 TRIPS 《与贸易有关的知识产权协议》 Transparency 透明度原则 Decision: Accession of the People's Republic of China 《关于中华人民共和国加入的决定》 Protocol on the Accession of the People's Republic of China 《中华人民共和国加入WTO议定书》 Report of the Working Party on the Accession of China 《中国加入工作组》 Protocol of Provisional Application = PPA = Grandfather clause 《临时适用议定书》/祖父条款 Marrakesh Protocol to the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade 1994 《1994年GATT马拉喀什议定书》 1.Agreement on Agriculture 《农业协定》 2.Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures = SPS 《实施卫生与植物卫生措施协定》 3.Agreement on Textiles and Clothing = ATC 《纺织品与服装协定》 Multifibre Arrangement = MFA 《国际纺织品贸易协定》/《多种纤维协定》 4.Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade = TBT 《技术性贸易壁垒协定》 5.Agreement on Trade-Related Investment Measures = TRIMs 《与贸易有关的投资措施协定》/TRIMs 协议 6.Agreement on Antidumping = AD 《反倾销协定》 Material injury 实质性损害 7.Agreement on Implementation of Article VII of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade 《海关估价协定》/《关于履行GATT1994第7条的协定》 8.Agreement on Preshipment Inspection = PSI 《装运前检验协定》 9.Agreement on Rules of Origin = RO 《原产地规则协定》 10.Agreement on Import Licensing Procedures 《进口许可程序协定》 11.Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures = SCM 《补贴与反补贴措施协定》/《反补贴协定》 12.Agreement on Safeguards = SG 《保障措施协定》 Serious injury 严重损害 General Agreement on Trade in services = GATS 《服务贸易总协定》 Specific commitments 具体承诺开价单 Schedule of specific commitments 具体义务承诺表 Cross-border supply 跨境提供 Consumption abroad 境外消费 Commercial presence 商业存在 Movement of personnel 自然人流动 Horizontal commitments 水平承诺 Sector-specific commitments 部门承诺 Plurilateral trade agreement 复边协议 Trade Policy Review Mechanism = TPRM 贸易政策评审机制 Sunset clause 日落条款 Material injury 实质损害 Close Economic Partnership Arrangement = CEPA 《内地与香港/澳门关于建立更紧密经贸关系的安排》 Economic Cooperation Framework Agreement = ECFA 《两岸经济合作架构协议》 第六章 国际投资法 UNCTAD 联合国贸发会议 Equity joint venture 中外合资经营企业/股权式合营企业 Contractual joint venture 中外合作经营企业/契约式合营企业 Wholly owned foreign enterprise 外商独资企业 Build-Operate-Transfer = BOT 建设——经营——转让 Build-Own-Operate-Transfer = BOOT 建设——拥有——经营——转让 Build-Own-Operate = BOO 建设——拥有——经营 Build-Lease-Transfer = BLT 建设——租赁——转让 Build-Transfer-Operate = BTO 建设——转让——经营 Stabilization clause 稳定条款 Lex contractus = law of the parties 契约条款法/当事人法 Association of Southeast Asian Nations = ASEAN 东南亚国家联盟/东盟 North America Free Trade Agreement = NAFTA 《北美自由贸易协定》 FTAA 美洲自由贸易区 Convention on the Settlement of Investment Disputes between States and Nationals of Other States 《解决国家与他国国民之间投资争议公约》/《华盛顿公约》 International Center for the Settlement of Investment Disputes = ICSID 解决投资争议国际中心 Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency = MIGA 《多边投资担保机构公约》/《汉城公约》 Agreement on Trade-Related Investment Measures = TRIMs 《与贸易有关的投资措施协定》/TRIMs 协议 第七章 国际金融法 Bank for International Settlement = BIS 国际清算银行 Purchase 购买 Repurchase 重购 Draw 提取 Special drawing right = SDR 特别提款权 World Bank Group = WBG 世界银行集团 The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development = IBRD 国际复兴开发银行 The International Finance Corporation = IFC 国际金融公司 The International Development Association = IDA 国际开发协会 International Center for the Settlement of Investment Disputes = ICSID 解决投资争议国际中心 Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency = MIGA 多边投资担保机构 Operations evaluation department = OED 评价检查部门 Hard loan 硬贷款/世界银行贷款 Soft loan 软贷款/国际开发协会援助贷款 Blend 混合贷款 United Nations Centre on Transnational Corporations 联合国跨国公司中心 The Basle Committee on Banking Supervision 巴塞尔银行监管委员会 London Inter-Bank Offered Rated = LIBOR 伦敦同业银行拆放率 Definition and interpretation 定义与释义 Loan currency 贷款货币 Loan amount 贷款金额 Purpose for loan 贷款的用途 Condition precedent 贷款的先决条件条款 Final maturity and disbursement 贷款期限和发放 Interest rate and interest 贷款的利率和利息 Representation and warranties 陈述与保证 Covenant 约定事项 Negative pledge 消极保证条款/保证不作为条款 Pari passu covenant 平等地位条款 Financial covenant 财务约定事项 Repayment 贷款的偿还 Pre-repayment 贷款的提前偿还 Governing law and jurisdiction 法律适用和司法管辖条款 Assignment 权利或义务的让与 Set-off 抵消条款 Events of default 违约事件条款 Syndicated loan = Corporate Finance 国际辛迪加贷款/国际商业银团贷款/银团贷款 Lead manager 经理行 Term sheet 贷款条件清单 Mandate letter 委任书 Commitment letter 义务承担书 Information memorandum 信息备忘录 Novation = substitution 更新/合同更新/合同替代 Assignment 让与 Sub-loans 转贷款 Transferable loan certificate = TLC 可转让贷款证 Transferable participating certificate = TPC 可转让贷款参与证 Transferable loan instrument = TLI 可转让贷款票据 Lead manager 牵头银行/经理银行 Agent bank 代理银行 Participant 参与贷款银行 Project finance 国际项目贷款 Take or pay contract 提货或付款协议 第八章 知识产权国际保护的法律制度 Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights = TRIPS 《与贸易有关的知识产权协议》 Convention Establishing World Intellectual Property Organization 《建立世界知识产权组织公约》 World Intellectual Property Organization = WIPO 世界知识产权组织 Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property 《保护工业产权巴黎公约》 Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works 《保护文学艺术作品伯尔尼公约》/《伯尔尼公约》 Universal Copyright Convention 《世界版权公约》 Rome Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations = Rome Convention 《保护表演者、录音制品制作者与广播组织罗马公约》 Copyright and Related Rights 版权和邻接权 Trademark 商标 Geographical indications 地理标志 Industrial designs 工业品外观设计 Patent 专利权 Cross-license 交叉许可 Layout-designs of integrate circuits 集成电路布图设计/拓扑图 IPIC 《集成电路知识产权条约》/《IPIC条约》 Protection of undisclosed information 未披露信息的保护 Contractual licences 协议许可 Madrid Agreement Concerning the International Registration of Marks 《商标国际注册马德里协定》/《马德里协定》 Nice Agreement Concerning the International Classification of Goods and Services for the Purpose of the Registration of Marks 《商标注册用商品和服务国际分类尼斯协定》/《尼斯协定》 Hologram mark 全息商标 Patent Co-operation Treaty 《专利合作条约》 International Patent Classification = IPC 国际专利分类法 第九章 国际税法 Tax residence 税收居所 The source of income 所得来源地/所得来源国 Substantial presence test 实际存在标准 OECD 经济合作与发展组织 The tie-breaker clause 序列选择性冲突的解决原则 Effective management 实际管理 Principle of permanent establishment 常设机构原则 Distinct place 显著的地点 Stability, productivity, dependence 稳定性、生产性和依附性 Associated permanent establishment 关联性常设机构 Unassociated permanent establishment 非关联性常设机构 Dependent agent 非独立地位的代理人 Principle of fixed base 固定基地原则 International double non-taxation 国际双重免税 Tax-systematic double taxation 税制性双重征税 Juridical double taxation 法律性双重征税 Economic double taxation 经济性双重征税 Method of tax exemption 免税法/豁免法 Method of full exemption 全额免税法 Method of exemption with progression 累进免税法 Method of tax deduction 扣除法 Method of tax credit = foreign tax credit 抵免法/外国税收抵免 Full credit 全额抵免 Ordinary credit 限额抵免/普通抵免 Limitation on credit 抵免限额 Direct credit 直接抵免 Indirect credit 间接抵免 Dividend-deduction system 股息扣除制 Split-rate system 分劈税率制/双税率制 Imputation credit system 归集抵免制/估算抵免制 Schedular treatment 其他处理法 International tax sparing credit = shadow tax credit 国际税收绕让抵免/饶让抵免/影子税收抵免/虚构抵免 Tax evasion 逃税 Tax avoidance 避税 Tax refugee 税收逃难者 Associated enterprises