Set II - 五月五日节Cinco De Mayo

M u r r a y Holidays Julie Murray Chinese New Year Cinco de Mayo Columbus Day Independence Day Martin Luther King Jr. Day Presidents’ Day C i n c o d e M a y o Books in this series: Chinese New Year Holidays Holidays A B D O PLA_73682 Cinco De Mayo COV 4/23/04 5:41 PM Page 1 A Buddy Book by Julie Murray Chinese New Year PL_73676 Cinco De Mayo 5/18/04 11:51 PM Page 1 Visit us at www.abdopub.com Published by ABDO Publishing Company, 4940 Viking Drive, Edina, Minnesota 55435. Copyright © 2005 by Abdo Consulting Group, Inc. International copyrights reserved in all countries. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form without written permission from the publisher. Buddy Books™ is a trademark and logo of ABDO Publishing Company. Printed in the United States. Edited by: Sarah Tieck Contributing Editor: Michael P. Goecke Graphic Design: Denise Esner Image Research: Deborah Coldiron, Maria Hosley Photographs: BrandX, Corbis, Digital Vision, Flat Earth, Hulton Archives, Image Ideas, Photodisc Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Murray, Julie, 1969- Cinco de Mayo / Julie Murray. p. cm. — (Holidays) Includes bibliographical references. ISBN 1-59197-586-7 (alk. paper) 1. Cinco de Mayo (Mexican holiday)—Juvenile literature. 2. Mexico—Social life and customs— Juvenile literature. 3. Cinco de Mayo, Battle of, Puebla, Mexico, 1862—Juvenile literature. [1. Cinco de Mayo (Mexican holiday). 2. Holidays. 3. Mexico—Social life and customs.] I. Title. F1233.M975 2005 394.262—dc22 2003065512 PL_73676 Cinco De Mayo 5/18/04 11:15 PM Page 2 3 Table of Contents What Is Cinco de Mayo? ................4 Mexico At A Glance ......................6 The Battle Of Puebla ....................8 Cinco de Mayo Traditions . . . . . . . . . . 11 Mexican Foods ..........................13 Musical Traditions ......................15 Mexican Dancers ........................17 Cinco de Mayo In America ..........20 Important Words ..............................23 Web Sites ..................................23 Index ........................................24 PL_73676 Cinco De Mayo 5/18/04 11:15 PM Page 3 4 Cinco de Mayo is a national holiday in Mexico. It happens on May 5 each year. Cinco de Mayo is Spanish for “the fifth of May.” This is the date Mexico won a great battle in 1862. People celebrate this day with parades, food, music, and dancing. What Is CincoWhat Is Cinco de Mayo? de Mayo? PL_73676 Cinco De Mayo 5/18/04 11:16 PM Page 4 5 The flag of Mexico. PL_73676 Cinco De Mayo 5/19/04 1:45 AM Page 5 6 Location: North America Borders: United States, Guatemala, Belize, Pacific Ocean, Gulf of Mexico Capital: Mexico City Population: 103 million people Size: 756,066 square miles (1,958,201 sq km) Official Language: Spanish Flag: Red, white, and green stripes Money: Pesos Number of States: 31 Mexico At A Glance PL_73676 Cinco De Mayo 5/25/04 10:21 PM Page 6 Gulf of Mexico Pacific Ocean Mexico City UNITED STATES Guatemala Belize Mexico Border Countries Capital City 7 PL_73676 Cinco De Mayo 5/25/04 10:21 PM Page 7 8 May 5, 1862, is important in Mexico’s history. The Battle of Puebla happened that day. The Mexican people fought against French soldiers and won. This battle made Mexico stronger. The Battle OfThe Battle Of Puebla Puebla PL_73676 Cinco De Mayo 5/18/04 11:18 PM Page 8 9 In 1862, Mexico and France were fighting a war. The war started because Mexico owed money to France. Mexico did not have the money to pay them. France wanted to take over Mexico. Mexico was a weak country. It had a small army. Napoleon III was the ruler of France during the war with Mexico. PL_73676 Cinco De Mayo 5/19/04 1:45 AM Page 9 On May 5, 1862, the French army came to the town of Puebla. Puebla is near Mexico City. The president of Mexico told the army to defend Puebla. People came from nearby villages to help. Many lives were in danger. The people and soldiers fought hard. After a few hours the French retreated. This was an important battle in the war for Mexico’s independence. Mexico won this war in 1867. 10 PL_73676 Cinco De Mayo 5/18/04 11:19 PM Page 10 11 Cinco de MayoCinco de Mayo TTraditions raditions For many, Cinco de Mayo begins with remembering the Battle of Puebla. This is a Cinco de Mayo custom. People dress in soldier uniforms. Then they pretend to fight the battle between Mexico and France. When Mexico wins, people shout “Viva Mexico!” This is Spanish for “Long live Mexico!” PL_73676 Cinco De Mayo 5/18/04 11:19 PM Page 11 After that, it is time for a fiesta. Fiesta is a Spanish word that means “party.” Children play Loteria, which is like bingo. They also take turns hitting the piñata. When the piñata breaks, candy spills out. Cinco de Mayo also includes parades, food, music, and dancing. 12 Piñatas are often made in the shapes of animals. PL_73676 Cinco De Mayo 5/19/04 1:46 AM Page 12 13 Mexican FoodsMexican Foods Food is part of Cinco de Mayo. Tacos and burritos are Mexican foods. So are beans, tamales, and salsa. Menudo is a traditional soup eaten on Cinco de Mayo. It is spicy. The cooks make it using chili peppers and spices. Traditional Mexican foods are served for Cinco de Mayo. PL_73676 Cinco De Mayo 5/19/04 1:46 AM Page 13 Tortillas are another favorite food. These are made with corn or flour. People use them to hold meat, vegetables, and cheese. Tortillas can be fried into hard shells for chips or tacos. Sometimes they are baked for burritos and enchiladas. 14 Tacos are tortilla shells filled with meat, cheese, and vegetables. PL_73676 Cinco De Mayo 5/19/04 1:46 AM Page 14 15 MusicalMusical TTraditionsraditions Mariachi bands play traditional Mexican music at fiestas. Mariachi means “musician.” Band members play guitars, trumpets, violins, maracas, and other instruments. They dress in black suits, like Mexican cowboys. Maracas are sometimes decorated with the colors of Mexico’s flag. PL_73676 Cinco De Mayo 5/18/04 11:54 PM Page 15 The songs mariachis play are called corridos. Corridos is a Spanish word for songs that tell stories. Many of these songs are very old. The words often tell stories of the past. 16 Mariachi band members dress like Mexican cowboys. PL_73676 Cinco De Mayo 5/19/04 1:47 AM Page 16 17 MexicanMexican DancersDancers Dancing is a part of Mexico’s culture, too. The most popular dance is the Mexican hat dance. It is the national dance of Mexico. During this dance, a Mexican hat called a sombrero is put on the ground. The dancers move around the hat and stomp their heels on the ground. PL_73676 Cinco De Mayo 5/18/04 11:25 PM Page 17 18 Sombreros are one part of colorful Mexican costumes. PL_73676 Cinco De Mayo 5/18/04 11:55 PM Page 18 19 Mexican dancers wear colorful costumes. There are different costumes for different dances. The women wear skirts with ruffles. They twirl the skirt while they dance. The men wear sombreros and short black jackets. Their pants have silver buttons down the sides. They also wear colorful scarves around their waists. PL_73676 Cinco De Mayo 5/18/04 11:26 PM Page 19 20 There are celebrations in the United States, too. Cinco de Mayo is not an official holiday in the United States. Still, there have been celebrations in the United States for about 100 years. Many Americans came from Mexico. Cinco de MayoCinco de Mayo In AmericaIn America PL_73676 Cinco De Mayo 5/18/04 11:26 PM Page 20 21 Dancing is a part of Cinco de Mayo. PL_73676 Cinco De Mayo 5/19/04 10:14 PM Page 21 22 Music is part of many Cinco de Mayo celebrations. There are many activities on Cinco de Mayo. People in the United States have parades, carnivals, special foods, and fireworks. Cinco de Mayo is a day that many people celebrate Mexico’s freedom. PL_73676 Cinco De Mayo 5/19/04 1:47 AM Page 22 To learn more about Cinco de Mayo, visit ABDO Publishing Company on the World Wide Web. Web site links about Cinco de Mayo are featured on our Book Links page. These links are routinely monitored and updated to provide the most current information available. www.abdopub.com Web Sites culture the customs of a group of people. custom a practice that has been around a long time. fiesta Spanish word for party. holiday a special time for celebration. retreat to back away. sombrero a large-brimmed hat worn in Mexico. 23 Important Words PL_73676 Cinco De Mayo 5/18/04 11:28 PM Page 23 24 army ..........................9, 10 Battle of Puebla ..............4, 8, 10, 11 celebrations ............20, 22 costumes..11, 15, 16, 18, 19 culture ............................17 dancing ....................4, 12, 17, 19 fiesta ........................12, 15 flag ..............................5, 6 food ..........................4, 12, 13, 14, 21, 22 France ..............8, 9, 10, 11 holiday ......................4, 20 independence ................10 mariachi ..................15, 16 Mexican hat dance........17 Mexico ................4, 5, 6, 7 8, 9, 10, 11, 13, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 22 Mexico City ............6, 7, 10 music ........................4, 12, 15, 16, 22 Napoleon III ......................9 parades ..............4, 12, 22 pesos ..............................6 piñata..............................12 Puebla ............................10 soldiers..................8, 10, 11 sombrero ..........17, 18, 19 Spanish ......4, 6, 11, 12, 16 United States ..6, 7, 20, 22 war ............................9, 10 Index PL_73676 Cinco De Mayo 5/18/04 11:29 PM Page 24