2011版高中曲一线备考3年高考2年模拟二轮复习——冠词

2011版高中曲一线备考3年2年模拟二轮复习——冠词 专题一 冠词 知识点一:冠词的基本用法。 一(不定冠词的用法 1.有些不可数名词如knowledge,collection,understanding等是由其动词转化而来的，它们后面加of短语时，前面需用不定冠词a/an Her new book is a collection of short stories. 他的新书是一部短篇小说集。 2.与不定冠词连用的习语。如 Have a cold (感冒); have a good/happy time(玩的开心); have a gift for(对???有天赋); have a word with(与某人说话); in a hurry(匆忙); once in a while(偶尔); at a loss(不知所措，迷茫); for a while(一会); once upon a time(从前); a collection of; a matter of(???的问题); have/take a rest(休息); get a lift/ride(搭车); go on a diet(节食减肥). This picture looks beautiful at a distance(从远处). 这幅画从远处看上去很漂亮。 Tom, I want to have a word with you. 汤姆 ，我想和你谈谈。 3.不定冠词的特殊位置。 Quite/ rather + a/an(+adj.)+单数名词;what /such/half+a/an+单数名词;so/as/too/how/however+adj.+a/an +单数名词;not a/an +单数名词. He is quite a kind gay.他是一个相当好的人(背) He is as great a man as ever lived.他和从前任何一个伟人一样伟大。(背) However clever a student he is, he should follow the teacher’s instruction now. 无论他是多聪明的一个学生，他现在都要听老师的教导。(背) 二(定冠词用法 1.用在姓氏复数前，示一家人。 The Greens are at table.格林一家在吃饭。 2.用在年代，朝代名词及逢十的数次(表示某个年代)前 The Tang Dynasty唐朝 The Spring and Autumn Period.春秋时期 In the 1990’s 在20世纪90年代 3.用在表度量单位名词前，表示“每一” I have hired the car by the hour(每小时/按小时计算) 我已按小时租了这辆车. Eggs are sold by the dozen(每打). 鸡蛋论打卖 4.句型“动词+sb.+介词+the+身体某一部位”(the不可以用人称或物主代词代替) Take sb.by the arm抓住某人的手臂 Hit sb. In the face打某人的脸 Be red in the face脸红 be lame in the right leg右腿瘸 be blind in the left eye左眼瞎 5.用在某些固定词组中 Make the most/best of充分利用 in the daytime在白天; in the end最后 in the habit of有???的习惯; not in the least/slightest根本不，一点也不; in the distance从远处;in the way挡路;on the one hand???on the other hand一方面???另一方面???; at the same time与此同时;at the moment此刻，现在;go to the cinema/theater去看电影;go to the doctor’s去看病;the other day几天前;for the time being暂时;on the radio/phone通过无线电/电话;to tell you the truth说实话;by the way顺便说。 三(零冠词用法(不加冠词) 1.不可数名词，复数名词表泛指，用零冠词 Horses are useful animals. 马是有用的动物。 2.零冠词口诀 月，季，星期，节假，洲;称呼，头衔，职务前;三餐，球类，惯用语;学科，棋类名词前。 He has no lessons on Saturdays.他周六没课。 Has he turned scientist?他成为科学家了吗, 4.固定短语中零冠词 Pen and ink; master and servant ; at noon/dawn/daybreak/dust/night/midnight; on second thoughts; no such boy; come to light; come to power ; give birth to;make room for; in case of; come/rank first; out of work/order/control/date/patience/mind/money/question/reach/breath/danger; in use/danger/public/debt/; ahead of time; under repair; day and night; husband and wife; father and son; sun and moon; side by side; shoulder to shoulder; from morning till night; hand in hand; by weight; by mistake; in place of ; by law ; on board; at war; every few days; catch fire; face to face; for certain. 知识点总结二:普通名词使用冠词的类指用法 一(“a/an+单数名词”“the+单数名词”“零冠词+复数名词/不可数名词”中，所有冠词都可 以表示类指，但也有细微区别。 1.“the +单数名词”指的是整个类别，这个类别是可以区别与另一个类别的 The car goes faster than the bike. 汽车比自行车跑得快。 2.“a/an+单数名词”侧重于指类别中任何一个的特点 A tiger is a type of very large fierce wild cat that has yellow fur with black band across. 老虎是一种毛皮为黄色，全身长满黑色条纹，形体较大的凶猛野生猫科动物。 3.“零冠词+复数名词/不可数名词”侧重指类别中的许多个体。 Farmers are busy in autumn.农民在秋天很忙。 4.在使用冠词时要根据所要表达的内容的具体情况而定 The tiger is in danger of becoming extinct.老虎正在面临灭绝的危险。 二(The +形容词或分词也可以表示类指 The wounded 伤员 the dying垂死的人 the unknown 未知的事物 the young 年轻人 the old老人 the living 生者 the dead 死者 三(民族词汇前的冠词类指用法是在民族词汇前+the The Chines are had-working. 中国人民是勤劳的。 有些民族词汇有两种复数形式:English,Englishmen; French, Frenchmen;这种情况下the English 表示类指，the Englishman既可以表示类指也可以表示专指。 The French/Frenchmen are romantic. 法国人很浪漫(类指) The Frenchmen are playing tennis now.那些法国人正在打网球(专指)