摩托车烧机油问题的简便解决方法

摩托车烧机油问的简便解决方法 来源: 摩托车趋势 很多车友都知道烧机油这个词，但是烧机油的现象对发动机损伤到底有多严重,可能很多人都不知道。其实烧机油对于发动机来说只算一般的中级故障，可能花几十块钱就能解决烧机油的问题，不可思议吧,烧机油的情况最通常是直接反应在排气的颜色上面，那我们从排气的颜色开始说起。 摩托车排气的三种颜色 白烟:健康的颜色 一般多见于冬季，发动机温度低，排气温度高于环境温度，当然烧后的高温气体马上遇冷，则显示为白色的排气。白色的排气一般代表车的燃烧状况良好，随着发动机温度的提升，带动排气系统周边的温度提升，白色排气逐渐消失。 黑烟:消化不良的颜色 黑色表明发动机的燃烧系统存在故障，就如同人的消化系统不良，需要对燃油系统调整，当排气冒黑烟常见于富油情况，首先要检查空滤是否堵塞，之后需要调整混合比。 蓝烟:郁闷的颜色 当排气颜色为蓝色时代表车辆机械系统存在故障，说明发动机有烧机油的现象，一般通俗的叫法叫“烧机油”;这就是多数车友遇到排气冒蓝烟时，心情也跟着忧郁起来的原因。这一情况需要及时处理，以避免故障加剧，造成更大的of vision Yibin formation in the Center surrounded by, organic dispersion band of bead-space layout structure, as leading development of the city to the East along the Yangtze River. Shi Gu area, lingang new vision to expand, Naxi district to the North, the East open places to expand, Jiang an eastward connection, Ping Shan, radiation to the West; the South Bank area, the minjiang River area, Golden Sands area on a long-term basis in a reasonable space to develop, perfect urban district along the Yangtze River in Yibin "Ribbon multi-center" strategic vision of space frame. Yibin Center City development construction steering extension type extended and connotation type upgrade simultaneously of mode, in Metro construction of while is committed to old city transformation and built district of perfect, through live and industry with to of reasonable layout optimization city structure, improve city traffic operation efficiency; vigorously improved city environment, shaping city features, upgrade city quality, play city of service function, formed has perfect modern service capacity of big city. Construction of urban green space system, promoting the construction of peripheral green space and protection of historical 损失。 烧机油的三类原因 1、活塞组件的因素 常见的烧机油情况有6~7成都是由活塞组件磨损造成的，活塞组件是由活塞、活塞环、活塞销等基本组件构成，而活塞组件里活塞的磨损是烧机油的主要因素。活塞环磨损时会有轻微的启动困难，油耗增大等现象，磨损加剧则会在排气上表现出烧机油的症状，如果置之不理，下一步就是活塞的磨损。因为活塞环不但起到密封的作用，还有导向的作用，当活塞环磨损过大时，活塞在上下运动时会有偏摆，进而造成缸体的磨损，所以要及早处理，避免更大的损失。 2、气门组的因素 烧机油还有一个很重要的原因是气门组件的异常。气门组件主要由气门、气门导管、气门油封、气门弹簧等构成。当气门密封带有磨损时，不仅会造成缸压低，也会引起烧机油的现象。但这还不是最主要的因素，气门杆上有个油封会限制大部分机油流入燃烧室，当这一气门油封失效，大量的机油会经气门杆流向气门座，当气门提升时，会沿经排气门流入燃烧室，造成烧机油。 3、如果排除以上两种情况，还有些因素也会引起烧机油现象。如机油的添加量超过标准添加量，发动机工作时由于曲轴运转的阻力大，过多的机油会进入燃烧室;活塞环的of vision Yibin formation in the Center surrounded by, organic dispersion band of bead-space layout structure, as leading development of the city to the East along the Yangtze River. Shi Gu area, lingang new vision to expand, Naxi district to the North, the East open places to expand, Jiang an eastward connection, Ping Shan, radiation to the West; the South Bank area, the minjiang River area, Golden Sands area on a long-term basis in a reasonable space to develop, perfect urban district along the Yangtze River in Yibin "Ribbon multi-center" strategic vision of space frame. Yibin Center City development construction steering extension type extended and connotation type upgrade simultaneously of mode, in Metro construction of while is committed to old city transformation and built district of perfect, through live and industry with to of reasonable layout optimization city structure, improve city traffic operation efficiency; vigorously improved city environment, shaping city features, upgrade city quality, play city of service function, formed has perfect modern service capacity of big city. Construction of urban green space system, promoting the construction of peripheral green space and protection of historical 安装方向错误，引起机油上窜，这些因素也会造成机油参与燃烧，使排气呈蓝色。另外如果发动机的通气管有泄漏，会造成机油同排出的废气一起溢出，造成机油的异常消耗。通过调整和使用的注意，这些情况都可以有效避免。 这里要说明，机油也是消耗品，随着发动机的工作有大概5%的消耗是正常的，不属于烧机油的范围。知道了这些原因，下面就让我们来详细了解一下以上两个相关组件的机械构成，再来研究烧机油情况出现时的解决办法吧。 活塞组件简述 1.活塞环的介绍 现在常见的活塞环起到密封、控油、导热、导向(支撑)等作用，一般由三个部分组成。 第一道气环表面镀铬处理，因为工作条件恶劣，硬度很高，并且环体边缘为桶面，有密封缸压的作用;第二道气环为锥形活塞环，相比较第一环，工作环境要稍好，但是如果安装错误会引起机油上窜，造成烧机油的现象。油环在起到密封作用的同时，会把多余的机油存储并经活塞上的回油孔回收，再次循环作用。 2.活塞环的检查方法 拆下缸体后，把活塞环放到缸体2/3的位置，测量开口间隙，例如HK250的活塞环开口标准值为0.03~0.08mm，如果超过这个数值，证明活塞环的磨损比较大，需要更换新的of vision Yibin formation in the Center surrounded by, organic dispersion band of bead-space layout structure, as leading development of the city to the East along the Yangtze River. Shi Gu area, lingang new vision to expand, Naxi district to the North, the East open places to expand, Jiang an eastward connection, Ping Shan, radiation to the West; the South Bank area, the minjiang River area, Golden Sands area on a long-term basis in a reasonable space to develop, perfect urban district along the Yangtze River in Yibin "Ribbon multi-center" strategic vision of space frame. Yibin Center City development construction steering extension type extended and connotation type upgrade simultaneously of mode, in Metro construction of while is committed to old city transformation and built district of perfect, through live and industry with to of reasonable layout optimization city structure, improve city traffic operation efficiency; vigorously improved city environment, shaping city features, upgrade city quality, play city of service function, formed has perfect modern service capacity of big city. Construction of urban green space system, promoting the construction of peripheral green space and protection of historical 活塞环。 3.活塞的磨损 活塞在缸体中往复运动时，需要机油在两个摩擦面之间进行润滑，如果有异物或缺少机油，会造成金属表面的磨损，当磨损量超过标准值时，会产生烧机油的现象。 4.活塞的测量方法 首先把活塞和缸体清洗干净，用游标卡尺测量活塞裙部稍稍靠上的位置(这个地方的磨损是最严重的)，如果测量的数据超过标准值，则需要更换新的活塞;如果没有游标卡尺也可以把活塞推入缸体，用塞尺检查活塞和缸体之间的间隙，当超过标准值时需要更换新的活塞。如果新的活塞和缸体间隙也超过标准，需要更换新的缸体才能解决烧机油的现象。 气门组的简述 气门油封是安装在气门杆上的一个密封圈，可以阻止机油顺气门杆流入燃烧室。气门和气门座之间在弹簧的作用下，紧密的接触在一起，但是从微观上看两个接触面并不是严丝合缝，需要经过研磨才能使用。当气门和气门座经过专业而复杂研磨后，会形成一圈暗灰色的亮圈，这就是气门密封带。当气门关闭时保证燃烧室内的气体不会通过气门泄漏，保证了缸压稳定。 烧机油的判断方法 of vision Yibin formation in the Center surrounded by, organic dispersion band of bead-space layout structure, as leading development of the city to the East along the Yangtze River. Shi Gu area, lingang new vision to expand, Naxi district to the North, the East open places to expand, Jiang an eastward connection, Ping Shan, radiation to the West; the South Bank area, the minjiang River area, Golden Sands area on a long-term basis in a reasonable space to develop, perfect urban district along the Yangtze River in Yibin "Ribbon multi-center" strategic vision of space frame. Yibin Center City development construction steering extension type extended and connotation type upgrade simultaneously of mode, in Metro construction of while is committed to old city transformation and built district of perfect, through live and industry with to of reasonable layout optimization city structure, improve city traffic operation efficiency; vigorously improved city environment, shaping city features, upgrade city quality, play city of service function, formed has perfect modern service capacity of big city. Construction of urban green space system, promoting the construction of peripheral green space and protection of historical 要判断你的爱车是否存在烧机油的情况，不解体发动机的情况下，首先用缸压表测量汽缸压力，可以初步判断烧机油的大致原因。(这里要提示下，测量缸压首先要启动发动机，让发动机达到正常的工作温;电启动的车型要保证电池电压充足，启动机工作良好。最重要的是要使节气阀处于全开的状态，只有这样才能保证缸压测量的准确性。) 例如HK250的正常缸压值在9.1~14kg/cm2，如果缸压正好在标准范围里，需要查看是否其他原因造成烧机油，具体可看异常因素所提到的内容。 如果缸压偏低，那么一般都存在烧机油的情况。烧机油通常有两种车辆状态，即冷车烧机油和持续烧机油。当车辆启动后，排气管冒蓝烟，运行至缸体温度升高后，蓝色烟雾消失;和正常车辆一样，从排气颜色看不出异常，但是仔细闻，可以闻出排气有很重的汽油和机油混合的味道。这种情况即为冷车烧机油，一般都是由于缸体、活塞、活塞环等磨损致使间隙增大造成的。而当发动机的温度提高后还继续冒蓝烟，则要检查气门组件的磨损，尤其是气门油封，如果油封有破损，或者内径超差，一定要更换;同时更换油封的时候要检查气门杆的直径是否超过极限值，如果新油封和旧气门杆间隙大过标准值，则气门也要更换。 烧机油情况的处理方法 1.活塞环的更换 of vision Yibin formation in the Center surrounded by, organic dispersion band of bead-space layout structure, as leading development of the city to the East along the Yangtze River. Shi Gu area, lingang new vision to expand, Naxi district to the North, the East open places to expand, Jiang an eastward connection, Ping Shan, radiation to the West; the South Bank area, the minjiang River area, Golden Sands area on a long-term basis in a reasonable space to develop, perfect urban district along the Yangtze River in Yibin "Ribbon multi-center" strategic vision of space frame. Yibin Center City development construction steering extension type extended and connotation type upgrade simultaneously of mode, in Metro construction of while is committed to old city transformation and built district of perfect, through live and industry with to of reasonable layout optimization city structure, improve city traffic operation efficiency; vigorously improved city environment, shaping city features, upgrade city quality, play city of service function, formed has perfect modern service capacity of big city. Construction of urban green space system, promoting the construction of peripheral green space and protection of historical 之前我们说过，常见的烧机油情况有6~7成都是由活塞组件磨损造成的，首先要保证使用的配件是合格的正规厂家出品，也要注意所维修的发动机缸径是否加大，一般在活塞环上有标注，如果有025字样，表示此缸径是经过加大一级处理过，需要匹配加大的活塞环。即使新的活塞环在装配前也要测量开口间隙，间隙过大会影响缸压，间隙过小会造成拉缸，这点要特别注意。 2.气门油封更换 排除活塞组件的问题外，大部分的烧机油是由气门油封老化引起的，这就需要拆下缸体，用专用工具压下气门弹簧，取下气门锁片，检查气门油封和气门密封带的密封情况了。 气门油封如果有破损或者龟裂的情况一定要更换新品，这是提醒大家一定买正厂配件，毕竟拆卸一回挺繁琐，如果因为配件的质量问题造成衍生故障就得不偿失了。 3.气门研磨 气门密封带是保证气门密封的重要保障，一旦气门密封带有烧灼或异物卡住，会造成密封不严，轻则造成烧机油，严重时影响启动性能，所以需要对有问题的气门进行研磨。 首先用铰刀对气门座进行研磨，当粗磨完成后，用气门粘80目的研磨膏进行最后的磨合，直到能清晰的看见一圈密封带，最后用铅笔在气门上均匀的画几个竖道笔印，再装到圈座上旋转，如果竖道被整齐的分割，则证明密封带研磨of vision Yibin formation in the Center surrounded by, organic dispersion band of bead-space layout structure, as leading development of the city to the East along the Yangtze River. Shi Gu area, lingang new vision to expand, Naxi district to the North, the East open places to expand, Jiang an eastward connection, Ping Shan, radiation to the West; the South Bank area, the minjiang River area, Golden Sands area on a long-term basis in a reasonable space to develop, perfect urban district along the Yangtze River in Yibin "Ribbon multi-center" strategic vision of space frame. Yibin Center City development construction steering extension type extended and connotation type upgrade simultaneously of mode, in Metro construction of while is committed to old city transformation and built district of perfect, through live and industry with to of reasonable layout optimization city structure, improve city traffic operation efficiency; vigorously improved city environment, shaping city features, upgrade city quality, play city of service function, formed has perfect modern service capacity of big city. Construction of urban green space system, promoting the construction of peripheral green space and protection of historical 成功，可以装配了。如果气门带比较窄或气门边缘较薄，则需要考虑换新的气门组件来保证密封了。 4.镗缸并加大活塞组件 如果缸径有较大的拉伤，应首先检查机油泵的泵送能力，因为机油压力过低也会造成严重的拉伤，其次要检查机油道是否堵塞，重点检查曲轴和连杆的机油道，如果供油量小，很容易就把新的配件再次拉伤。 如果缸套已经磨损的很严重，就需要对缸套进行镗磨处理，最多加大三级。如果镗削量太大，会对曲轴、连杆等零件造成过大的负荷，并产生极高的热量，影响整机的寿命，所以不建议过大的镗缸处理，另外，要注意加大缸套后需要配合同样加大级别的活塞组件。 最后的建议 其实烧机油的原因上面已经讲到，只要大家保持良好的驾车习惯，出车前检查机油量，保持热车习惯，不经常性的拉急速，一般不会造成烧机油的现象;即使发动机烧机油只要早处理，花几十块我换一副活塞环可能就解决问题了，而且换活塞环只是中量级的修理，对发动机整机不会造成太大的影响，所以不必太担心，有一定动手能力的话，自己完全可以解决。 of vision Yibin formation in the Center surrounded by, organic dispersion band of bead-space layout structure, as leading development of the city to the East along the Yangtze River. Shi Gu area, lingang new vision to expand, Naxi district to the North, the East open places to expand, Jiang an eastward connection, Ping Shan, radiation to the West; the South Bank area, the minjiang River area, Golden Sands area on a long-term basis in a reasonable space to develop, perfect urban district along the Yangtze River in Yibin "Ribbon multi-center" strategic vision of space frame. Yibin Center City development construction steering extension type extended and connotation type upgrade simultaneously of mode, in Metro construction of while is committed to old city transformation and built district of perfect, through live and industry with to of reasonable layout optimization city structure, improve city traffic operation efficiency; vigorously improved city environment, shaping city features, upgrade city quality, play city of service function, formed has perfect modern service capacity of big city. Construction of urban green space system, promoting the construction of peripheral green space and protection of historical