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北京南站——亚洲最大火车站

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北京南站——亚洲最大火车站北京南站——亚洲最大火车站 北京南站 ——亚洲最大火车站 工程总投资:63亿元 工程期限:2005年——2008年 北京南站全景效果图 铁路是工业时代的象征,一个世纪以来,铁路见证并参与了城市的发展。从火车进入中国的第一天起,中国铁路的历史就始终和北京城密切相连。1865年7月(清同治四年),英国商人杜兰德,擅自在北京宣武门外沿护城河修建了一条500米长的“展览铁路”,意在宣传火车的优越性,劝说清政府同意外国人修筑铁路的要求和计划,借此打开中国市场。可惜,这条铁路的命运与它0.5公里的长度一样短;因为铁路和机车“惊...
北京南站——亚洲最大火车站
北京南站——亚洲最大火车站 北京南站 ——亚洲最大火车站 工程总投资:63亿元 工程期限:2005年——2008年 北京南站全景效果图 铁路是工业时代的象征,一个世纪以来,铁路见证并参与了城市的发展。从火车进入中国的第一天起,中国铁路的历史就始终和北京城密切相连。1865年7月(清同治四年),英国商人杜兰德,擅自在北京宣武门外沿护城河修建了一条500米长的“展览铁路”,意在宣传火车的优越性,劝说清政府同意外国人修筑铁路的要求和,借此打开中国市场。可惜,这条铁路的命运与它0.5公里的长度一样短;因为铁路和机车“惊了龙脉”、破了风水,清政府步low rotor, until rotor of weight by steam end sliding block and Reed end rotor Bay support, in put low rotor of while should in Reed end rotor Bay at added pad sleeper, due to stator has preliminary adjustment finished, so stator within bore exists must Yang degrees, so should note adjustment makes rotor keep and stator within bore concentric, makes rotor not and coil contact. Panasonic lane hook, remove wire rope hoist, wrapped at the rotor excitation-side shoulder arc washer, and move the lifting wire rope to protect mat. Two 5T chain hoist end beam connections and welded to the rotor carriers, length adjusted for field conditions, and at the other end of the stator lifting hook or end cap end lugs connected, as shown in Figure 11.4.3-1. With Lane slightly single head upgrade rotor Reed end, keep rotor level, demolition rotor Bay or support sleepers, then slowly synchronization pull two only chain gourd, makes rotor in steam end sliding block of support Xia along arc skateboard to steam end sliding, this process in the, lane must and rotor of sliding keep synchronization, in rotor of steam end and Reed end are due hand guardianship rotor and stator Zhijian of clearance. Dang by steam end side has nursing ring protection of coil end Department into stator within bore Hou, slightly upgrade rotor Reed end, in rotor ontology following loaded into Central sliding block, its loaded into Hou must very carefully to along axis to for find are, and note observation rotor coupling in wear loaded process in the whether turned, as has should stop wear loaded, needed on Central sliding block location again for find are, while should note in Central sliding block placed yihou only allows steam end sliding block beyond stator within bore, and in Central sliding block and steam end rotor nursing ring Zhijian at least should keep must of distance ( 300MW 76mm, 1000MW is 50mm). When the steam side slider close to steam at the end of the stator bore 军统领衙门很快便勒令拆除。 1885年(李鸿章为了让慈禧太后对火车发生兴趣,挪用了海军军费在西苑(今中南海)修建一条轻便小铁路。这条铁路南起瀛秀园的紫光阁,沿中海、北海的西岸到极乐世界,再拐弯向东,到达终点站“静清斋火车站”。1888年,李鸿章又花高价从德国购买6辆特制的小火车车厢,将其中5辆送给了慈禧太后。1888年,慈禧太后移居西苑,每天在勤政殿上朝办公之后要到静清斋吃饭和睡觉,小火车便成为了代步工具。但是在试乘之后。慈禧太后认为小火车头声音太大,还怕震坏了皇城的风水,另外,她更不能容忍的是,火车司机还要坐在她前面,这是大不敬。于是,怪事就这样发生了。皇太后下令,火车由太监在前面用绳子牵引,从办公地点拉到休息之地,但皇家威仪却不能打一点折扣。在铁路两旁依旧是前呼后拥的大队仪仗,火车车厢置也严格按照等级进行了布置,火车前面是几十名太监用黄绒绳拉着火车奋力前行。“火车”就这样进了皇家禁地。1909年,京张铁路建成通车,起点依然选在北京,全程200多公里。只不过这一回是中国人自主并修建的铁路,詹天佑的名字从此镌刻在历史上。 新中国成立以后,原先的平津铁路局更名为北京铁路局,营业里程3155公里,成为全国铁路系统的中心所在。而今,北京铁路局管辖的正线铁路延展长度已经达到7721公里。以北京为中心,京山、京广、京原、京包、京九等15条主要干线在中国的版图上纵横辐射,沟通南北,连接东西。2007年全年完成客运发送量达到近1.5亿人次,较1953年建局之初增长了3.5倍,日最高发送旅客达到61.2万人。货运量由建局之初的3000多万吨攀升到2007年的2.1亿吨。2008年8月1日,伴随着“亚洲最大火车站”——北京南站,和京津城际铁路的开通,北京正式跨进了高速铁路门槛。 北京南站工程数据概览: 占地面积:49.92万平方米,相当于70个足球场。 建筑面积:31万平方米,相当于鸟巢体育场的1.5倍 消耗物资:45万立方混凝土、8万吨钢筋和6.5万吨钢结构 轨道数量:24条铁轨、2条地铁、13个候车站台、3座车场 主要线路:京津城际铁路、京沪高速铁路、京山铁路、永丰铁路、地铁4号、14号线 其他设施:111台电梯、123台售票机、909个停车位、50个公交车站台 北京南站百年历史 现在北京市内有5个火车站,分别是北京东站、北京南站、北京西站、北京北站和北京站。其中北京南站的历史可追溯到1897年,曾经经历了三次变革,最早叫马家堡车站,后更名永定门火车站,是北京城最早的火车总站,也是最早通有轨电车的车站,距今已经有百余年历史。 清末时期,修建铁路遭到以慈禧太后为首的保守派的极力反对,因此直到1895年(光绪21年)才开始修建津卢铁路(天津至卢沟桥)。1896年底, 恭亲王奕欣因事去天津。开始,他乘骡车到丰台,30多里的路程差不多走了一整天。然后,他登上豪华的火车车厢, 只用了三个小时就走完了200里的路。火车的速度和舒适感给奕欣留下了深刻的印象。 因此, 当他回到北京, 就毫不迟疑地运作让铁路向北京城展筑,在距离永定门仅有3公里的马家堡兴建low rotor, until rotor of weight by steam end sliding block and Reed end rotor Bay support, in put low rotor of while should in Reed end rotor Bay at added pad sleeper, due to stator has preliminary adjustment finished, so stator within bore exists must Yang degrees, so should note adjustment makes rotor keep and stator within bore concentric, makes rotor not and coil contact. Panasonic lane hook, remove wire rope hoist, wrapped at the rotor excitation-side shoulder arc washer, and move the lifting wire rope to protect mat. Two 5T chain hoist end beam connections and welded to the rotor carriers, length adjusted for field conditions, and at the other end of the stator lifting hook or end cap end lugs connected, as shown in Figure 11.4.3-1. With Lane slightly single head upgrade rotor Reed end, keep rotor level, demolition rotor Bay or support sleepers, then slowly synchronization pull two only chain gourd, makes rotor in steam end sliding block of support Xia along arc skateboard to steam end sliding, this process in the, lane must and rotor of sliding keep synchronization, in rotor of steam end and Reed end are due hand guardianship rotor and stator Zhijian of clearance. Dang by steam end side has nursing ring protection of coil end Department into stator within bore Hou, slightly upgrade rotor Reed end, in rotor ontology following loaded into Central sliding block, its loaded into Hou must very carefully to along axis to for find are, and note observation rotor coupling in wear loaded process in the whether turned, as has should stop wear loaded, needed on Central sliding block location again for find are, while should note in Central sliding block placed yihou only allows steam end sliding block beyond stator within bore, and in Central sliding block and steam end rotor nursing ring Zhijian at least should keep must of distance ( 300MW 76mm, 1000MW is 50mm). When the steam side slider close to steam at the end of the stator bore 了火车站,1987年完工,成为距北京城区最近的火车站。它距城墙直线距离只有2公里,由于慈禧太后怕铁路进城破坏了北京城的风水,所以修到此地就不往前修了。马家堡原名马家铺,地处京城南边,地势平坦,大约明末清初成村,清代时紧临南苑皇家园林围墙,是南城进京的交通要道,现为南苑乡的一个行政村。 当时的马家堡车站由英国人监造,为西洋建筑风格,按客货混用的功能设计。马家堡火车站的建立使得津卢铁路、卢汉铁路接轨,连通了京汉、京沈铁路,成为北京通往汉口、沈阳的起点,从车站的规模、载客流量等方面来说,马家堡火车站应该是北京最早的火车始发站、终点站,也就是北京的火车总站。相比之下,早前由英国人于1865年在宣武门外及后来在北海静清斋、中海瀛秀园修建的火车站,由于其作用在于广告及供王公贵族娱乐消遣,因而不能算作真正意义上的火车站。 马家堡火车站诞生于大清王朝日渐衰落即将灭亡之际,注定要经历无数狂暴的历史风雨。1900年四五月间,义和团运动迅猛发展,因铁路是“洋人”修的,遭到义和团的破坏。长辛店、高碑店、黄村等火车站被焚毁。6月12日,马家堡火车站及供英国人居住的小洋楼被焚毁,历史上被称为“火烧洋楼台”事件。1900年8月15日,八国联军侵入北京时,慈禧太后、光绪皇帝仓惶逃往西安。八国联军占领北京后,天坛成了外国军队的兵营,为了运输军用物资,法国侵略军在永定门的城墙上开洞,擅自将卢汉铁路卢保段从卢沟桥展筑至北京前门西侧,建立前门西站。这段线路长17公里,于1901年3月16日正式通车。在这段时间内,英国侵略军为了军事运输需要和加强对北京城的控制,也擅自将津卢铁路从马家堡站展筑到了前门东侧,建立前门东站。这一西一东两个车站就像在紫禁城外筑起了两个外国兵营。这样的结果,实在是把筑造卢汉铁路当做自强要策的张之洞所没有想到的。 1902年1月8日,马家堡车站经历了自诞生以来的第一次“辉煌”——慈禧太后和光绪皇帝灰溜溜地从西安回京来了。也许是向外国列强低头服输,他们在抵达保定后,居然改乘火车北上,在马家堡站下车。即便如此,他们还要硬撑排场,萧亲王赶紧在火车站搭制彩牌楼并安排洋式军乐队吹吹打打迎接慈禧回宫。慈禧在一群跪拜迎接的大臣面前,端着架子乘坐御舆从正阳门回宫去了。自此之后,因为铁路改线,津卢铁路不再经过马家堡,马家堡火车站完成了其历史使命,慢慢地从人们的记忆中消失,车站附近也逐渐荒芜。 1906年,前门东站建起了站舍,成为京奉铁路的终点站,这是现在北京火车站的前身。马家堡车站也向北移了1公里,在新修的京汉、京沈宽轨铁路旁边建设马家堡临时停车站,即后来北京南货站的位置,并更名为永定门站。最初的马家堡车站被撤销,并于1959被拆除,现仅存地基,压在北京市小型动力机械厂平房宿舍区下。 马家堡火车站作为北京的铁路总站,虽然只存在了7年左右的时间,但对带动周围地区商业、市政、交通及促进中国铁路的发展起了重要作用,当时曾是车水马龙、客商云集,十分繁华的地方。马家堡修建火车站后,为了方便京城人员上下火车,在1899年,由西门子公司承建永定门至马家堡的有轨电车线路。它比北京城内的有轨电车要早20多年,是北京最早的有轨电车,也是中国第一条有轨电车线路。北移后的永定门站,1937年日寇发动侵华战争,北平沦陷。为了加强军事运输和物资掠夺,日寇对永定门站进行了较大的扩建改造,这是一段被奴役的血泪史。 时隔20年,到了1957年,为迎接国庆十周年大典,铁路部门决定在崇文门东侧修建新的北京火车站。为了缓解施工期间北京地区的火车运输压力,铁路部门在距离老永定门站以西一low rotor, until rotor of weight by steam end sliding block and Reed end rotor Bay support, in put low rotor of while should in Reed end rotor Bay at added pad sleeper, due to stator has preliminary adjustment finished, so stator within bore exists must Yang degrees, so should note adjustment makes rotor keep and stator within bore concentric, makes rotor not and coil contact. Panasonic lane hook, remove wire rope hoist, wrapped at the rotor excitation-side shoulder arc washer, and move the lifting wire rope to protect mat. Two 5T chain hoist end beam connections and welded to the rotor carriers, length adjusted for field conditions, and at the other end of the stator lifting hook or end cap end lugs connected, as shown in Figure 11.4.3-1. With Lane slightly single head upgrade rotor Reed end, keep rotor level, demolition rotor Bay or support sleepers, then slowly synchronization pull two only chain gourd, makes rotor in steam end sliding block of support Xia along arc skateboard to steam end sliding, this process in the, lane must and rotor of sliding keep synchronization, in rotor of steam end and Reed end are due hand guardianship rotor and stator Zhijian of clearance. Dang by steam end side has nursing ring protection of coil end Department into stator within bore Hou, slightly upgrade rotor Reed end, in rotor ontology following loaded into Central sliding block, its loaded into Hou must very carefully to along axis to for find are, and note observation rotor coupling in wear loaded process in the whether turned, as has should stop wear loaded, needed on Central sliding block location again for find are, while should note in Central sliding block placed yihou only allows steam end sliding block beyond stator within bore, and in Central sliding block and steam end rotor nursing ring Zhijian at least should keep must of distance ( 300MW 76mm, 1000MW is 50mm). When the steam side slider close to steam at the end of the stator bore 公里左右的彭庄,修建临时的永定门客运站,也就是我们今天看到的北京南站。1958年1月,永定门站开通使用,第二年拆除了原马家堡火车站。这是北京南站的第二次迁址。 新建的永定门站本来是打算作为临时客运站使用的,设计寿命只有10年。没想到这一“临时”就又是半个世纪,超期服务了38年。是北京去往河北、山西、内蒙古、山东等地的重要站点,可日接发旅客列车35对。1988年,铁路部门为了重新规划北京地区的车站布局,决定将永定门站更名为北京南站、西直门站更名为北京北站、东郊站更名为北京东站,加上1995年建成的北京西站以及北京站,便形成京城铁路的五大门户。 2005年12月24日,在老北京南站西南500米处,北京南站改扩建工程开始施工,这将是它第三次迁址了。2006年5月9日23时09分,最后一趟火车从老北京南站开出,此后老北京南站封站改造,该站到发的旅客列车陆续调整到了北京地区其他的客运站到发。两年之后,在这里重新矗立起来的北京南站将成为“亚洲最大的火车站”,世界最快的高速列车将出这里呼啸而出。 在新北京南站的建设过程中,2007年恰好是马家堡老站建成110周年。在这110年的时间里,马家堡火车站和北京城共同见证了百年来的种种磨难,车站自身也经历了兴建、焚毁、重建、废置等一系列变故。一个火车站三迁其址、三改其名、四建站舍,也应算是中国铁路发展史上一件很有意思的事情了。 北京南站——亚洲最大火车站 新北京南站是一个规模宏大的立体化交通枢纽,这个“巨无霸”位于南二环与南三环、马家堡东路与西路之间,占地面积49.92万平方米,相当于70个足球场。主站房建筑面积31万平low rotor, until rotor of weight by steam end sliding block and Reed end rotor Bay support, in put low rotor of while should in Reed end rotor Bay at added pad sleeper, due to stator has preliminary adjustment finished, so stator within bore exists must Yang degrees, so should note adjustment makes rotor keep and stator within bore concentric, makes rotor not and coil contact. Panasonic lane hook, remove wire rope hoist, wrapped at the rotor excitation-side shoulder arc washer, and move the lifting wire rope to protect mat. Two 5T chain hoist end beam connections and welded to the rotor carriers, length adjusted for field conditions, and at the other end of the stator lifting hook or end cap end lugs connected, as shown in Figure 11.4.3-1. With Lane slightly single head upgrade rotor Reed end, keep rotor level, demolition rotor Bay or support sleepers, then slowly synchronization pull two only chain gourd, makes rotor in steam end sliding block of support Xia along arc skateboard to steam end sliding, this process in the, lane must and rotor of sliding keep synchronization, in rotor of steam end and Reed end are due hand guardianship rotor and stator Zhijian of clearance. Dang by steam end side has nursing ring protection of coil end Department into stator within bore Hou, slightly upgrade rotor Reed end, in rotor ontology following loaded into Central sliding block, its loaded into Hou must very carefully to along axis to for find are, and note observation rotor coupling in wear loaded process in the whether turned, as has should stop wear loaded, needed on Central sliding block location again for find are, while should note in Central sliding block placed yihou only allows steam end sliding block beyond stator within bore, and in Central sliding block and steam end rotor nursing ring Zhijian at least should keep must of distance ( 300MW 76mm, 1000MW is 50mm). When the steam side slider close to steam at the end of the stator bore 方米,相当于鸟巢体育场的1.5倍,世界第三大机场——伦敦希思罗机场所有的航站楼面积加起来也没有超过北京南站。整个北京南站共耗用了45万立方混凝土、8万吨钢筋和6.5万吨钢结构,由上百万个不同形状的钢构件组成了北京南站的主骨架。该工程总投资63亿元,于2005年12月24日开工建设,由中铁建工集团承建,设计寿命100年。作为京津城际高速铁路的起点站,东端衔接京津城际铁路和北京站,西端衔接京沪高速铁路、北京动车段与京山铁路、永丰铁路;集高速铁路、国有铁路、城际铁路、城市地铁及公交车、出租车等交通功能于一身。被誉为“亚洲最大火车站”。 北京南站建筑外观为椭圆结构,长轴500米,短轴359米,高40米,沿长轴方向两翼部分为容纳24条铁轨的钢结构通透雨篷站台。中间为椭圆形主体建筑承担候车换乘等功能,远观似飞碟,气势恢宏。设计灵感来源于天坛祈年殿,既承载着皇家园林的风采,同时延续着古都文化之精髓。主体建筑从南北两个方向看,微微隆起,东西两侧各有一座大型钢结构雨篷站台,其主要建筑材料为银色的金属铝板,钢结构通透雨棚造型呈W型波浪起伏,最高点40米,檐口高20米,酷似横向拉伸的祈年殿,融入了古典建筑“三重檐”的传统文化元素。成为佐证北京历史神韵与京城活力完美结合的产物。 结构布局 北京南站是大型立体化交通枢纽,采用5层立体化布局,由地上两层,地下三层建筑以及高架环形车道组成,由上至下依次为:二楼高架候车厅、一楼站台轨道层、地下一层换乘大厅、地下二层北京地铁4号线站台、地下三层为北京地铁14号线站台。旅客不出站就可以进行各种交通方式的互换,最远的换乘距离不超过200米。50%的旅客将可在站内实现与地铁的“零换乘”。预计到2020年,北京南站每年客流量将超过上亿人次,春运高峰时期每小时将容纳3万人,每天超过20万人次在这里候车。 low rotor, until rotor of weight by steam end sliding block and Reed end rotor Bay support, in put low rotor of while should in Reed end rotor Bay at added pad sleeper, due to stator has preliminary adjustment finished, so stator within bore exists must Yang degrees, so should note adjustment makes rotor keep and stator within bore concentric, makes rotor not and coil contact. Panasonic lane hook, remove wire rope hoist, wrapped at the rotor excitation-side shoulder arc washer, and move the lifting wire rope to protect mat. Two 5T chain hoist end beam connections and welded to the rotor carriers, length adjusted for field conditions, and at the other end of the stator lifting hook or end cap end lugs connected, as shown in Figure 11.4.3-1. With Lane slightly single head upgrade rotor Reed end, keep rotor level, demolition rotor Bay or support sleepers, then slowly synchronization pull two only chain gourd, makes rotor in steam end sliding block of support Xia along arc skateboard to steam end sliding, this process in the, lane must and rotor of sliding keep synchronization, in rotor of steam end and Reed end are due hand guardianship rotor and stator Zhijian of clearance. Dang by steam end side has nursing ring protection of coil end Department into stator within bore Hou, slightly upgrade rotor Reed end, in rotor ontology following loaded into Central sliding block, its loaded into Hou must very carefully to along axis to for find are, and note observation rotor coupling in wear loaded process in the whether turned, as has should stop wear loaded, needed on Central sliding block location again for find are, while should note in Central sliding block placed yihou only allows steam end sliding block beyond stator within bore, and in Central sliding block and steam end rotor nursing ring Zhijian at least should keep must of distance ( 300MW 76mm, 1000MW is 50mm). When the steam side slider close to steam at the end of the stator bore 地上一层为站台轨道层,共设24条到发线,13座站台,3个客运车场。由南向北依次为城际铁路车场、客运专线车场、普速铁路车场。其中城际铁路车场:设到发线7条,4座站台,承担京津城际铁路的到发任务。客运专线车场:设到发线12条,6座站台,承担京沪高速铁路等高速列车的到发任务。普速车场:设到发线5条,3座站台。承担京山铁路、永丰铁路普通铁路的到发任务。 地上二层为高架候车层,是旅客进站层,建筑面积47654平方米,中央为候车大厅,东西两侧是进站大厅,自北向南依次为各候车区。一进入宽敞明亮的中央候车大厅,无论外观还是内部空间布局,其现代化的设计风格根本不同于方方正正的传统火车站,让人恍如置身机场航站楼。中央候车大厅东西两侧均设4个14米宽的入口,旅客步入总面积为3.5万平方米的中央候车大厅,首先映入眼帘的是一个长达近20米的的彩色LED显示屏,各趟列车到发信息一览无余。 中央候车大厅四角,各有一个上下两层的售票办公楼,共设置了84台窗口售票机和39台自动售票机。买完票的旅客可直接进入大厅中央部分的候车区域。可容纳10500人的候车区域,由南向北依次是京津城际候车厅、京沪高铁候车厅、普速列车候车厅,它们各自与地面一层不同列车的站台区对应,旅客从候车大厅坐下行电梯,直接到达列车停靠的站台,步行距离不到30米。站内共设有111部电梯,其中扶梯67部、残疾人电梯36部。旅客可以通过这些设施无障碍地进出站和到达车站的各个服务区域。检票进站也全部由自动验票系统控制。新南站的建设还突出环保节能等理念,在高架候车亭屋顶中央采光带,置有大面积太阳能集电装置,总发电功率为350千瓦。太阳能发电系统将在白天开启,辅助解决车站用电问题。 地下一层,为整个车站的换乘大厅、停车场以及旅客出站系统,建筑面积119940平方米,相当于15个足球场,大部分旅客将在此换乘,是南站的枢纽。换乘大厅东西两边为旅客出站大厅,设有上下两层设停车泊位909个。并且预留了与城市铁路连接的车站。 地下二层是北京地铁4号线站台,地下三层为北京地铁14号线站台。北京南站北广场建有下沉式广场,设有公交车始发站和出租车停靠站,南广场为公交停靠站,南北广场共有40个出租车车站和50个公交车站台。 北京南站在二楼高架候车层和两侧雨篷站台之间,建有全长2.8公里的高架环形车道。高架环形车道主要通行的是出租车和社会车辆,旅客进站可直接进入二楼高架候车大厅。环形高架桥在东南西北四个方向建有立交,与南二环、南三环、马家堡西路、马家堡东路连接,实现了铁路站房与市政交通的连接。乘坐公共交通的乘客可以选择到南北广场乘坐公交车或到地下换乘地铁。 北京南站不单是国内规模最大的火车站,也是现代化程度最高的车站,全站仅有职工260人,他们通过客服信息系统、集成控制平台等现代化管理手段,实现新南站向依靠自动化设备设施为主、人工服务为辅的新的管理模式的转变,为旅客提供可与航空业相媲美的优质服务。全站大量采用自动售票和自动检票系统,大大提高了旅客通过速度。 2008年8月1日中午12点35分,国内首列时速300公里京津城际高速列车从北京南站开出。这标志着有“亚洲第一站”之称的新北京南站开通运营。在京津城际铁路开通的第一周,两地往返的旅客就已经超过了30万人次。作为北京奥运会的配套工程之一,这座巨型火车low rotor, until rotor of weight by steam end sliding block and Reed end rotor Bay support, in put low rotor of while should in Reed end rotor Bay at added pad sleeper, due to stator has preliminary adjustment finished, so stator within bore exists must Yang degrees, so should note adjustment makes rotor keep and stator within bore concentric, makes rotor not and coil contact. Panasonic lane hook, remove wire rope hoist, wrapped at the rotor excitation-side shoulder arc washer, and move the lifting wire rope to protect mat. Two 5T chain hoist end beam connections and welded to the rotor carriers, length adjusted for field conditions, and at the other end of the stator lifting hook or end cap end lugs connected, as shown in Figure 11.4.3-1. With Lane slightly single head upgrade rotor Reed end, keep rotor level, demolition rotor Bay or support sleepers, then slowly synchronization pull two only chain gourd, makes rotor in steam end sliding block of support Xia along arc skateboard to steam end sliding, this process in the, lane must and rotor of sliding keep synchronization, in rotor of steam end and Reed end are due hand guardianship rotor and stator Zhijian of clearance. Dang by steam end side has nursing ring protection of coil end Department into stator within bore Hou, slightly upgrade rotor Reed end, in rotor ontology following loaded into Central sliding block, its loaded into Hou must very carefully to along axis to for find are, and note observation rotor coupling in wear loaded process in the whether turned, as has should stop wear loaded, needed on Central sliding block location again for find are, while should note in Central sliding block placed yihou only allows steam end sliding block beyond stator within bore, and in Central sliding block and steam end rotor nursing ring Zhijian at least should keep must of distance ( 300MW 76mm, 1000MW is 50mm). When the steam side slider close to steam at the end of the stator bore 站在奥运会期间,为往来北京和天津的参赛人员、旅客提供了良好周到的服务。仅8月9日至11日,3天时间里就接送旅客17.9万人次,圆满完成了奥运交通保障任务。 北京南站大事记 1895年(光绪21年)清政府开始修建津卢铁路(天津至卢沟桥)。 1896年5月,马家堡火车站开始施工,1897年完工,成为津卢铁路北京起点站。 1899年,马家堡至永定门之间,建成中国第一条有轨电车。 1900年08月15日,马家堡火车站站房被义和团焚毁,其后修复重建。 1902年01月08日,逃到西安的慈禧太后从保定坐火车经马家堡车站回到紫禁城。 1906年,马家堡车站北移1公里重建,并更名为永定门站。 1937年,日寇攻占北平,为了加强军事运输,对永定门站进行扩建改造。 1957年,铁路部门在老永定门站以西1公里的彭庄,修建新的永定门客运站,1958年1月通车。 1959年,马家堡火车站被拆除。 1988年,永定门站更名为北京南站。 2005年12月24日,北京南站改扩建工程开始施工。 2006年01月28日,新北京南站主站房工程破土动工。 2006年05月09日,老北京南站封站改造。 2008年初,北京南站改扩建工程主体结构完工。 2008年8月1日, 北京南站重新投入运行,京津城际铁路同日通车。 数年后,第一列京沪高速铁路也将从这里驶出。 low rotor, until rotor of weight by steam end sliding block and Reed end rotor Bay support, in put low rotor of while should in Reed end rotor Bay at added pad sleeper, due to stator has preliminary adjustment finished, so stator within bore exists must Yang degrees, so should note adjustment makes rotor keep and stator within bore concentric, makes rotor not and coil contact. Panasonic lane hook, remove wire rope hoist, wrapped at the rotor excitation-side shoulder arc washer, and move the lifting wire rope to protect mat. Two 5T chain hoist end beam connections and welded to the rotor carriers, length adjusted for field conditions, and at the other end of the stator lifting hook or end cap end lugs connected, as shown in Figure 11.4.3-1. With Lane slightly single head upgrade rotor Reed end, keep rotor level, demolition rotor Bay or support sleepers, then slowly synchronization pull two only chain gourd, makes rotor in steam end sliding block of support Xia along arc skateboard to steam end sliding, this process in the, lane must and rotor of sliding keep synchronization, in rotor of steam end and Reed end are due hand guardianship rotor and stator Zhijian of clearance. Dang by steam end side has nursing ring protection of coil end Department into stator within bore Hou, slightly upgrade rotor Reed end, in rotor ontology following loaded into Central sliding block, its loaded into Hou must very carefully to along axis to for find are, and note observation rotor coupling in wear loaded process in the whether turned, as has should stop wear loaded, needed on Central sliding block location again for find are, while should note in Central sliding block placed yihou only allows steam end sliding block beyond stator within bore, and in Central sliding block and steam end rotor nursing ring Zhijian at least should keep must of distance ( 300MW 76mm, 1000MW is 50mm). When the steam side slider close to steam at the end of the stator bore 北京南站 北京南站(原名为永定门火车站)位于北京市崇文区永定门外车站路,是目前全世界最大的火车站,世界客流量第三的客运火车站,有“亚洲第一火车站”之称。北京南站现为特等站。北京南站作为京津城际铁路以及京沪高速铁路的起点站,东端衔接京津城际轨道交通和北京站,西端衔接京沪客运专线、北京动车段与京山铁路、永丰铁路,成为集普通铁路、城市轨道交通与公交出租等市政交通设施于一体的大型综合交通枢纽站。是中国首座高标准现代化的客运专线大型客站。 地理位置 北京南站坐落于西城区、东城区及丰台区交界处,南二环路、南三环路、马家堡东路、马家堡西路之间,凉水河北侧。成时成为中国乃至亚洲第一大火车站,有“亚洲第一站”之称。 历史沿革 北京南站的兴建历史可追溯到1897年,当时称为马家堡火车站,距今已经有百年以上的历史。1902年改名为永定门站。 2006年5月10日,北京南站正式开始进行封站改造,2008年8月1日开通运营。设计使用年限为100年。整个工程完成时北京南站在规模上大大超过北京站和北京西站,改建后的北京南站将成为京沪高速铁路等客运专线以及快速、高速列车、京津城际列车的始发站。调整到其他车站到发的一 些中、短途旅客列车也会调整回来。北京南站每日有去往天津、上海、石家庄、保定、北戴河、秦皇岛、定州、滦县、唐山、济南、塘沽、武清、青岛、南京、杭州、德州、沧州、泰山、徐州、兖州、蚌埠、苏州、无锡、常州、嘉兴等地,去往京沪、沪昆、京广、京秦、京津城际铁路沿线的“和谐号”动车组,同时2010年4月26日还增加石家庄——秦皇岛的D4535/6/7/8次过路动车组列车,在北京南站停靠8分钟,这也是北京南站开通近两年来第一次增加过路列车,还是北京南站首次开行去往京秦线和京广线的动车组列车。 发展历程 1896年清朝政府开始兴建卢汉(卢沟桥至汉口)铁路,1897年这条铁路由丰台接轨至马家堡,1897年在距离永定门3公里的马家堡(现今的南站货场的南侧)建造马家堡站(客货混运车站)。有历史学者认为,现今北京南站的前身马家堡车站,是真正意义上北京最早的火车站。 low rotor, until rotor of weight by steam end sliding block and Reed end rotor Bay support, in put low rotor of while should in Reed end rotor Bay at added pad sleeper, due to stator has preliminary adjustment finished, so stator within bore exists must Yang degrees, so should note adjustment makes rotor keep and stator within bore concentric, makes rotor not and coil contact. Panasonic lane hook, remove wire rope hoist, wrapped at the rotor excitation-side shoulder arc washer, and move the lifting wire rope to protect mat. Two 5T chain hoist end beam connections and welded to the rotor carriers, length adjusted for field conditions, and at the other end of the stator lifting hook or end cap end lugs connected, as shown in Figure 11.4.3-1. With Lane slightly single head upgrade rotor Reed end, keep rotor level, demolition rotor Bay or support sleepers, then slowly synchronization pull two only chain gourd, makes rotor in steam end sliding block of support Xia along arc skateboard to steam end sliding, this process in the, lane must and rotor of sliding keep synchronization, in rotor of steam end and Reed end are due hand guardianship rotor and stator Zhijian of clearance. Dang by steam end side has nursing ring protection of coil end Department into stator within bore Hou, slightly upgrade rotor Reed end, in rotor ontology following loaded into Central sliding block, its loaded into Hou must very carefully to along axis to for find are, and note observation rotor coupling in wear loaded process in the whether turned, as has should stop wear loaded, needed on Central sliding block location again for find are, while should note in Central sliding block placed yihou only allows steam end sliding block beyond stator within bore, and in Central sliding block and steam end rotor nursing ring Zhijian at least should keep must of distance ( 300MW 76mm, 1000MW is 50mm). When the steam side slider close to steam at the end of the stator bore 1902年5月,马家堡站定名为永定门站。此后的50多年时间里,永定门站一直作为京山线去往上海和京广线去往广州一线的始发站。 1932年 车站对候车室、售票处改扩建。 1957年 在距离老永定门站以西1公里左右的现址修建了永定门站(客运站)。主要临时承担北京站始发、到达各次列车的业务。1958年永定门客运站开通使用后马家堡站被拆除。 1988年 永定门站正式更名北京南站。 2006年 扩建改造工程开始。2006年1月28日主站房工程破土动工。扩建后的北京南站大面积西扩,主站房西移。 2008年 扩建改造工程完成。2008年8月1日, 北京南站正式重新开通运行。 建筑特色 改造后的北京南站 2008年8月正式重新开通运行的北京南站占地面积49.92万平方米,建筑面积42万平方米。主站房建筑面积31万平方米,建筑地上两层,地下三层。从上到下依次为,高架候车厅以及配合的高架环形车道、站台轨道层、换乘大厅、地铁4号线、地铁14号线。预计2015年北京南站的年运量超过1.5亿人次。到2020年南站运量每年超过1.9亿人次。 北京南站建筑形态为椭圆形车站主体为钢结构,分为主站房、雨篷两部分。主站房为双曲穹顶,最高点40米,檐口高度20米,主站房以天坛鸟瞰效果为基本形状,中间设有3个层次,隐喻中国皇家建筑的层次感和地位。两侧雨篷为悬索形结构,最高点31.5米,檐口高度16.5米。雨篷钢结构采用了A形塔架支撑体系、悬垂梁结构等多项施工技术。椭圆形中央站房屋顶和98000平方米的两侧雨篷主要材料为银色的金属铝板。 low rotor, until rotor of weight by steam end sliding block and Reed end rotor Bay support, in put low rotor of while should in Reed end rotor Bay at added pad sleeper, due to stator has preliminary adjustment finished, so stator within bore exists must Yang degrees, so should note adjustment makes rotor keep and stator within bore concentric, makes rotor not and coil contact. Panasonic lane hook, remove wire rope hoist, wrapped at the rotor excitation-side shoulder arc washer, and move the lifting wire rope to protect mat. Two 5T chain hoist end beam connections and welded to the rotor carriers, length adjusted for field conditions, and at the other end of the stator lifting hook or end cap end lugs connected, as shown in Figure 11.4.3-1. With Lane slightly single head upgrade rotor Reed end, keep rotor level, demolition rotor Bay or support sleepers, then slowly synchronization pull two only chain gourd, makes rotor in steam end sliding block of support Xia along arc skateboard to steam end sliding, this process in the, lane must and rotor of sliding keep synchronization, in rotor of steam end and Reed end are due hand guardianship rotor and stator Zhijian of clearance. Dang by steam end side has nursing ring protection of coil end Department into stator within bore Hou, slightly upgrade rotor Reed end, in rotor ontology following loaded into Central sliding block, its loaded into Hou must very carefully to along axis to for find are, and note observation rotor coupling in wear loaded process in the whether turned, as has should stop wear loaded, needed on Central sliding block location again for find are, while should note in Central sliding block placed yihou only allows steam end sliding block beyond stator within bore, and in Central sliding block and steam end rotor nursing ring Zhijian at least should keep must of distance ( 300MW 76mm, 1000MW is 50mm). When the steam side slider close to steam at the end of the stator bore 主站房雨篷与站台 北京南站整个钢结构总用钢量为6.5万吨。 北京南站突出环保、节能等理念,在众多大型火车站中首次采用太阳能发电。新建成在高架候车亭屋顶中央采光带,将设置太阳能光电板,总功率为350千瓦,太阳能发电系统将在白天开启,辅助解决车站用电问题。 北京南站利用城市原生污水冬季水温高于大气温度、夏季水温低于大气温度的特点,冬季从污水取热供暖,夏季排热制冷。 车站设施 北京南站站台轨道层共设13座站台,24条到发线,3个客运车场。其中从北往南依次为普速车场设到发线5条,3座站台,客运专线车场设到发线12条,6座站台,城际铁路车场设到发线7条,4座站台。承担京津城际铁路列车的到发任务,还是京沪高速铁路等客运专线列车在北京到发的客运站。 北京南站高架候车大厅 地上二层为高架候车层,是旅客进站层,建筑面积47654平方米,其中央为独立的候车室,东西两侧是进站大厅,自北向南依次为各候车区。高架候车大厅的四个角设有售票办公楼,车站共设置了84台窗口售票机和39台自动售票机。检票进站也全部由自动验票系统控制。北京南站还实现了乘客不出站台零距离换乘,每个站台上都有多部直梯和扶梯,这些电梯将候车大厅,站台层和地下换乘大厅连接为一体。站内共设有111部电梯,旅客可以通过这些设施无障碍地进出站和到达车站的各个服务区域。 low rotor, until rotor of weight by steam end sliding block and Reed end rotor Bay support, in put low rotor of while should in Reed end rotor Bay at added pad sleeper, due to stator has preliminary adjustment finished, so stator within bore exists must Yang degrees, so should note adjustment makes rotor keep and stator within bore concentric, makes rotor not and coil contact. Panasonic lane hook, remove wire rope hoist, wrapped at the rotor excitation-side shoulder arc washer, and move the lifting wire rope to protect mat. Two 5T chain hoist end beam connections and welded to the rotor carriers, length adjusted for field conditions, and at the other end of the stator lifting hook or end cap end lugs connected, as shown in Figure 11.4.3-1. With Lane slightly single head upgrade rotor Reed end, keep rotor level, demolition rotor Bay or support sleepers, then slowly synchronization pull two only chain gourd, makes rotor in steam end sliding block of support Xia along arc skateboard to steam end sliding, this process in the, lane must and rotor of sliding keep synchronization, in rotor of steam end and Reed end are due hand guardianship rotor and stator Zhijian of clearance. Dang by steam end side has nursing ring protection of coil end Department into stator within bore Hou, slightly upgrade rotor Reed end, in rotor ontology following loaded into Central sliding block, its loaded into Hou must very carefully to along axis to for find are, and note observation rotor coupling in wear loaded process in the whether turned, as has should stop wear loaded, needed on Central sliding block location again for find are, while should note in Central sliding block placed yihou only allows steam end sliding block beyond stator within bore, and in Central sliding block and steam end rotor nursing ring Zhijian at least should keep must of distance ( 300MW 76mm, 1000MW is 50mm). When the steam side slider close to steam at the end of the stator bore 地下一层,为整个车站的换乘空间以及旅客出站系统,面积119940平方米,大部分旅客将在此换乘,是南站的枢纽。其东西边为旅客出站大厅。另外设上下两层设停车泊位909个。 高架候车大厅 北京南站交通系统总共5层,由地上两层、地下三层以及高架环形车道组成。北京南站环绕中央站房和两侧雨篷建有环型高架桥,全长2.8公里。高架层主要通行的是出租车和社会车辆,旅客进站可直接进入高架候车大厅。高架桥在东南西北四个方向建有立交,与南二环、南三环、马家堡西路、马家堡东路连接,实现了铁路站房与市政交通的连接。乘坐公交车的乘客可以选择地面乘车或到地下一层换乘。地面层主要通行公交车辆,以及旅客进站。地下一层是换乘大厅、停车场以及旅客出站系统,并且预留了与城市铁路连接的车站。北京南站公交车站紧邻站房南北侧,北侧建成下沉式广场,设有公交车始发站和出租车停靠站,南广场设有公交停靠站。地下二层是北京地铁4号线,地下三层是北京地铁14号线。 清晨的站台 车站周边 永定门长途汽车站 陶然亭公园 永定门桥 北京南站周边道路:站前街、永定门车站路、马家堡路北段、凉水河南侧路、四路通路、万芳亭公园东侧路、开阳路。 low rotor, until rotor of weight by steam end sliding block and Reed end rotor Bay support, in put low rotor of while should in Reed end rotor Bay at added pad sleeper, due to stator has preliminary adjustment finished, so stator within bore exists must Yang degrees, so should note adjustment makes rotor keep and stator within bore concentric, makes rotor not and coil contact. Panasonic lane hook, remove wire rope hoist, wrapped at the rotor excitation-side shoulder arc washer, and move the lifting wire rope to protect mat. Two 5T chain hoist end beam connections and welded to the rotor carriers, length adjusted for field conditions, and at the other end of the stator lifting hook or end cap end lugs connected, as shown in Figure 11.4.3-1. With Lane slightly single head upgrade rotor Reed end, keep rotor level, demolition rotor Bay or support sleepers, then slowly synchronization pull two only chain gourd, makes rotor in steam end sliding block of support Xia along arc skateboard to steam end sliding, this process in the, lane must and rotor of sliding keep synchronization, in rotor of steam end and Reed end are due hand guardianship rotor and stator Zhijian of clearance. Dang by steam end side has nursing ring protection of coil end Department into stator within bore Hou, slightly upgrade rotor Reed end, in rotor ontology following loaded into Central sliding block, its loaded into Hou must very carefully to along axis to for find are, and note observation rotor coupling in wear loaded process in the whether turned, as has should stop wear loaded, needed on Central sliding block location again for find are, while should note in Central sliding block placed yihou only allows steam end sliding block beyond stator within bore, and in Central sliding block and steam end rotor nursing ring Zhijian at least should keep must of distance ( 300MW 76mm, 1000MW is 50mm). When the steam side slider close to steam at the end of the stator bore 通过立交,北接上南二环的开阳桥、陶然桥,南接上南三环的万芳桥、洋桥。 前往线路 前往“北京南站”的公交线路: 20路、53路、63路、122路 102电车、106电车 203夜班、208夜班 377路、381路、454路、458路、485路、692路、741路、800路内环/外环 927区间、939路、943路、943区间、958路、986路、997路 特3路、运通102线 前往“北京南站”的地铁线路: 北京地铁4号线 北京地铁14号线(2015年开通) 【前往北京南站南广场、公交枢纽】的公交线路:529路,652路、72路,特5路,特8路内环快车、665路。 【前往北京站】乘坐20路、122路、692路(世界公园公交总站-北京站东)公交车至北京站。 【前往北京西站】乘坐72路(北京南站-北京西站南广场)、122路公交车直达北京西站南广场。 【前往北京北站】乘坐地铁4号线(北京南站)至“西直门站”。 建站意义 北京南站建成后,将容纳包括京沪高铁、京津高速城际列车在内的24条到发线,在功能上大大超过北京站和北京西站。作为京津城际轨道交通的起点站,新南站东端衔接京津城际轨道交通和北京站,西端衔接京沪客运专线、北京动车段与京山、永丰铁路,将成为集普通铁路、高速铁路、市郊铁路、城市轨道交通与公交、出租等市政交通设施于一体的大型综合交通枢纽站。 建成后的北京南站候车空间巨大——可容纳10500人同时候车,还将实现地铁、国铁、公交等多种交通方式的无缝连接和零换乘。 low rotor, until rotor of weight by steam end sliding block and Reed end rotor Bay support, in put low rotor of while should in Reed end rotor Bay at added pad sleeper, due to stator has preliminary adjustment finished, so stator within bore exists must Yang degrees, so should note adjustment makes rotor keep and stator within bore concentric, makes rotor not and coil contact. Panasonic lane hook, remove wire rope hoist, wrapped at the rotor excitation-side shoulder arc washer, and move the lifting wire rope to protect mat. Two 5T chain hoist end beam connections and welded to the rotor carriers, length adjusted for field conditions, and at the other end of the stator lifting hook or end cap end lugs connected, as shown in Figure 11.4.3-1. With Lane slightly single head upgrade rotor Reed end, keep rotor level, demolition rotor Bay or support sleepers, then slowly synchronization pull two only chain gourd, makes rotor in steam end sliding block of support Xia along arc skateboard to steam end sliding, this process in the, lane must and rotor of sliding keep synchronization, in rotor of steam end and Reed end are due hand guardianship rotor and stator Zhijian of clearance. Dang by steam end side has nursing ring protection of coil end Department into stator within bore Hou, slightly upgrade rotor Reed end, in rotor ontology following loaded into Central sliding block, its loaded into Hou must very carefully to along axis to for find are, and note observation rotor coupling in wear loaded process in the whether turned, as has should stop wear loaded, needed on Central sliding block location again for find are, while should note in Central sliding block placed yihou only allows steam end sliding block beyond stator within bore, and in Central sliding block and steam end rotor nursing ring Zhijian at least should keep must of distance ( 300MW 76mm, 1000MW is 50mm). When the steam side slider close to steam at the end of the stator bore 根据北京市的相关交通规划,地铁4号线将以南北走向穿过北京南站,地铁14号线和市郊铁路将以东西走向穿过北京南站。改扩建后的北京南站,还将成为城际列车和客运专线等快速列车在北京到发的客运站,成为北京最“快”的客运站。其中,全长为115公里的京津城际铁路将于7月在北京南站投入试运营。 南站中,铁路车站设3个客运车场,从北往南依次为普速车场3座站台、5条到发线,客专车场6座站台、12条到发线,城际车场4座站台、7条到发线。在各站台中部,将设通往高架通廊的旅客进站通道,并设有通往地下出站厅的旅客通道,以方便旅客换乘地铁。 low rotor, until rotor of weight by steam end sliding block and Reed end rotor Bay support, in put low rotor of while should in Reed end rotor Bay at added pad sleeper, due to stator has preliminary adjustment finished, so stator within bore exists must Yang degrees, so should note adjustment makes rotor keep and stator within bore concentric, makes rotor not and coil contact. Panasonic lane hook, remove wire rope hoist, wrapped at the rotor excitation-side shoulder arc washer, and move the lifting wire rope to protect mat. Two 5T chain hoist end beam connections and welded to the rotor carriers, length adjusted for field conditions, and at the other end of the stator lifting hook or end cap end lugs connected, as shown in Figure 11.4.3-1. With Lane slightly single head upgrade rotor Reed end, keep rotor level, demolition rotor Bay or support sleepers, then slowly synchronization pull two only chain gourd, makes rotor in steam end sliding block of support Xia along arc skateboard to steam end sliding, this process in the, lane must and rotor of sliding keep synchronization, in rotor of steam end and Reed end are due hand guardianship rotor and stator Zhijian of clearance. Dang by steam end side has nursing ring protection of coil end Department into stator within bore Hou, slightly upgrade rotor Reed end, in rotor ontology following loaded into Central sliding block, its loaded into Hou must very carefully to along axis to for find are, and note observation rotor coupling in wear loaded process in the whether turned, as has should stop wear loaded, needed on Central sliding block location again for find are, while should note in Central sliding block placed yihou only allows steam end sliding block beyond stator within bore, and in Central sliding block and steam end rotor nursing ring Zhijian at least should keep must of distance ( 300MW 76mm, 1000MW is 50mm). When the steam side slider close to steam at the end of the stator bore
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