健美操的锻炼价值

健美操的锻炼价值 健 美 操 试 题 答 案 一、填空题,,每题,分,共20分, 1,健美操的基本动作是练习者进行健美操练习必不可少的重要基本内容。基本动作是根据身体的各部位而确定的,它们分别是头颈练习、肩部练习、胸部练习、上肢部位练习、腰部练习、胯部练习、下肢部位练习。 2,形体美主要是指人体外形的匀称、和谐、健美。因此,身体的整体指数与比例要适度。 3,健美操起源于人类对于人体健与美的追求,它是体操、舞蹈与音乐三者结合的产物。 4.制定锻炼的四条原则,从实际出发、循序渐进、持之以恒、全面发展。 5.健美操基本动作变化有以下几种表现形式,改变动作速度,改变 动作幅度,改变动作方向,改变开始姿势。. 6,健美操是我国体育项目的一个新兴项目。从它的总体任务和发展情况看,健美操可分为竞技健美操和 健身健美操两大类。 7,目前,我们评定形体的发展状况常用身高指数 、 体重指数 、 胸围指数 、 肩宽指数 和 腿长指数 来表示。 8,现代健美操的作用为 增进健康美 、 塑造形体美 、 陶冶心灵美 。人体最基础,最本质的表现为 健康 。 9,参加健美操运动时的最大心率为 220次/分 负荷水平应为最大心率的 80% 。如果是初次参加健美操锻炼,或是长时间没有锻炼,即应从运动时最大心率的 60%开始,然后再慢慢地加到 70% ,最后再到 80% 或 85% 。 10,奥林匹克标志是由5个奥林匹克环组成,五环从左至右相互套连。上面蓝黑红,下面为黄绿形成一个底部小的规则图形。标志代表五大洲团结和全世界运动员欢聚一堂。 11,健美操的基本动作是练习者进行健美操练习必不可少的重要基本内容。健美操基本动作包括基本姿态动作、基本难度动作、基础动作三大部分。 12,身体素质的分类包括速度素质、力量素质、耐力素质、灵敏素质、柔韧素质。 13,健美操比赛的裁判委员会由总裁判长、副裁判长、各组裁判长等组成,裁判组由裁判长1人、裁判员4—5人、记录员1人、记时员一人组成。 14,健身健美操的创编,主要包含两个要素,一是 音乐 ,二是 动作 。 15,健美操比赛的种类为锦标赛、友谊赛、邀请赛 、选拔赛 、 教学比赛,比赛场地为 12m*12m 的地板或地毯。 16,健美操的创编原则明确目的性、鲜明的针对性、全面性、合理的安排动作顺序 、动作与音乐的统一性 、 合理的安排运动负荷 、 动作的创造性 。 17,健美操的竞赛项目包括有 男子单人 、 女子单人 、 混合双and performance test copies of the record. If necessary, review should be carried out; 4) for spring hangers (included simple spring, hangers and constant support hangers) it should also be recognized as setting and locking of loads. 5) check the surface quality, folded layering and without cracks, rust and other defects. 5) after completion of the test and control drawing number one by one, by series baled. Color alloy steel parts, the parts marking installation location and rotation about the direction you want. 7.3.14. hangers installation 7.3.14.1 hanger layout a. a clear design of hanger should be installed strictly in accordance with the drawings and designs shall not be installed wrong, missing, etc. B. own arrangement of piping support and hanger set and selection should be based on comprehensive analysis of general layout of piping systems; cold installation of steam pipe with particular attention reserved for compensation of thermal expansion displacement and orientation. C. support systems should be rational to withstand pipe loads, static load and incidental load; reasonable piping displacement; guaranteed under various conditions, stress are within the allowed range. Strength, stiffness, and meet requirements to prevent vibration and soothing water, without affecting the adjacent equipment maintenance and other piping installation and expansion. D. equipment connected to the interface to meet pipeline thrust (torque) limit requirements; increase the stability of piping systems to prevent pipeline ... Tube wall thickness (mm) 2-3 4-6 7-10 weld form no slope mouth weld strengthening height h (mm) 1-1.5 1.5-2 weld width b (mm) 5-6 7-6 has slope mouth weld strengthening height h (mm) 1.5-2 2 weld width b (mm) cover had each edge slope mouth about 2 mm argon arc welding weld strengthening surface height and width tube wall thickness (mm) 2--3 3--4 5--6 weld form weld strengthening height h (mm) 1-1 .5 1.5-2 2-2.5 width b (mm) 人 、3人比赛 、 混合六人 。 18,健美操竞技性的比赛中成套动作必须按规定有4次连续的、相同的及固定位置的四类动作,即开合跳、高踢腿、仰卧起坐、俯卧撑。 19,健美操比赛的程序为 开幕式、进行比赛、闭幕式。 20,成套健美操的编排结构可分为三部分,即准备动作、基本动作、结束动作。编排的动作应由小到大,波浪形地逐步上升,然后逐渐恢复到平静状态。 21,封建社会的统治者以女子的弱不禁风的纤细体型和缠足为美,现代人则追求强壮的体魄,发达的肌肉,丰满优美的 体形 ,舒展的 姿态 和良好的气色及 风度。 22,健康包括身体健康、心理健康、社会适应良好和道德健康。 23,健美操编排的步骤,确定目的和任务,确定对象,确定风格、设计动作,选择音乐,组织编排成套动作的顺序和运动负荷,记写成套动作。 24,美的表现形式有 社会美 、自然美 、艺术美 。 25,写出形体练习的五种基本步伐 足尖步、柔软步、变换步、华尔兹步、波尔卡步、 滚动步、弹簧步。 26,决定体型的前提因素是 遗传 ,而 环境 则可以大大修饰 体型 。 27,形体美内容广泛,它包括 体型美 、姿态美 、动作美 。 28,六大营养素是 蛋白质 、 脂类 、 碳水合物、 无机盐 、 维生素 和水。 29,写出健美操的五种基本步伐 吸腿跳 、 踏步 、 开合跳 、 踢腿跳 、 抬腿跳、弓步跳 30,芭蕾舞起源于 意大利 ,盛行于 法国 。 31,艺术体操的国际竞赛活动包括 锦标赛 、 世界杯赛 、 欧洲锦标赛 、 奥运会 四大洲锦标赛 32,竞技性健美操成套动作须在 1’45”,?5”,时间内,展示连续的动作组合、柔韧性、平衡性、力量、各种踢腿、跳跃以及与七种基本步伐的综合使用并结合难度动作的完美完成。 33,动作术语应该力求达到“准确、简练、通俗”的要求。 34,运用术语说明动作时,一般应该包括四个方面,动作部位、动作方向、动作形势、动作结束。 35,健美操基本动作既是健美操中最典型、最核心的部分,也是发展健美操难度动作和组成复合动作的基础。 36,现代健美操基本步伐按照下肢对人体冲击力的大小可分为三种,无冲击力动作、低冲击力动作和高冲击力动作。 37,在创编任何一套健美操时,都应进行认真的调查研究,针对不同对象的不同生理和心理特点,提出明确的具体任务。 38,健美操动作的设计要始终保持新颖、独特。因为只有不断的创新,才能保持其旺盛的生命力。 39,健身健美操的空间变化主要表现在动作的方向、路线的移动及变and performance test copies of the record. If necessary, review should be carried out; 4) for spring hangers (included simple spring, hangers and constant support hangers) it should also be recognized as setting and locking of loads. 5) check the surface quality, folded layering and without cracks, rust and other defects. 5) after completion of the test and control drawing number one by one, by series baled. Color alloy steel parts, the parts marking installation location and rotation about the direction you want. 7.3.14. hangers installation 7.3.14.1 hanger layout a. a clear design of hanger should be installed strictly in accordance with the drawings and designs shall not be installed wrong, missing, etc. B. own arrangement of piping support and hanger set and selection should be based on comprehensive analysis of general layout of piping systems; cold installation of steam pipe with particular attention reserved for compensation of thermal expansion displacement and orientation. C. support systems should be rational to withstand pipe loads, static load and incidental load; reasonable piping displacement; guaranteed under various conditions, stress are within the allowed range. Strength, stiffness, and meet requirements to prevent vibration and soothing water, without affecting the adjacent equipment maintenance and other piping installation and expansion. D. equipment connected to the interface to meet pipeline thrust (torque) limit requirements; increase the stability of piping systems to prevent pipeline ... Tube wall thickness (mm) 2-3 4-6 7-10 weld form no slope mouth weld strengthening height h (mm) 1-1.5 1.5-2 weld width b (mm) 5-6 7-6 has slope mouth weld strengthening height h (mm) 1.5-2 2 weld width b (mm) cover had each edge slope mouth about 2 mm argon arc welding weld strengthening surface height and width tube wall thickness (mm) 2--3 3--4 5--6 weld form weld strengthening height h (mm) 1-1 .5 1.5-2 2-2.5 width b (mm) 化。 40,长期参加健美操锻炼,通过循环系统可向全身细胞提供更多的氧和养料,减少脂肪酸,延缓血管硬化。 41. 音乐是健美操内容的一部分,具有举足轻重的作用。音乐的选配无论从风格还是节奏都应该与健美操动作相一致。 42,健美操成套动作中,其运动幅度的大小,会直接影响运动强度的大小。 43. 按照完成的目的任务,健美操可分为“竞技健美操”、“健身健美操”和“表演健美操”。 44,健美操成套动作安排的科学性与否,锻炼效果如何,取决于其运动负荷安排是否合理。 45,对于普通的运动爱好者来说,检验运动负荷安排是否合理,运动强度是否适宜,锻炼是否科学,最简便的就是测量运动后心率。 46,对运动效果的评价通常包括两方面,主观评价和客观评价。 47,在观赏健美操比赛时,应从成套动作的艺术性和完成情况两方面去欣赏。 48,世界上成立最早、最有影响的体育组织是国际体操联合会,它成立于1881年。 49,ANAC即,国际健美操冠军联合会,1900年成立,总部设在美国,每年定期举办世界健美操冠军赛。 50,1992年9月,中国健美操协会在北京成立,这标志着我国此项运动进入了一个有序发展,科学指导的新阶段。 51,健身健美操竞赛中,艺术裁判的评分因素包括音乐、成套创编、操化动作组合、队形与空间的应用、表演。 52,健身健美操竞赛中,完成裁判的评分因素包括技术技巧、强度、合拍、一致性,组合赛与集体赛,。 53,运动损伤按损伤病程可分为,急性损伤和慢性损伤。 54,健身健美操竞赛套路动作中必须包括七种健美操基本步伐,踏步,开合跳,吸腿跳,踢腿跳,弓步跳,弹踢腿跳,后踢腿跑或它们的变化形式。 55,按损伤后皮肤和粘膜的完整性区分,运动损伤可分为,开放性损伤和闭合性损伤。有氧健美操的损伤多以闭合性软组织损伤为主。 二、名词解释,,每题5分,共20分, 1,健美操 ,融舞蹈为一体,通过身体练习,追求自我完美,最终实现健身、健美、健心的目标 。 2,终身体育: 人们在一生中,为了多种需要所不间断地进行各种形式的体育。 3,健美操基本动作 : 指动作中最主要最稳定的部分,所有动作都以此为核心加以扩展。基本动作是掌握其他动作的基础。它包括基本姿态动作、基本难度动作、基础动作三大部分。 4,.运动负荷:指在运动锻炼时的量和强度对机体影响的大小。 and performance test copies of the record. If necessary, review should be carried out; 4) for spring hangers (included simple spring, hangers and constant support hangers) it should also be recognized as setting and locking of loads. 5) check the surface quality, folded layering and without cracks, rust and other defects. 5) after completion of the test and control drawing number one by one, by series baled. Color alloy steel parts, the parts marking installation location and rotation about the direction you want. 7.3.14. hangers installation 7.3.14.1 hanger layout a. a clear design of hanger should be installed strictly in accordance with the drawings and designs shall not be installed wrong, missing, etc. B. own arrangement of piping support and hanger set and selection should be based on comprehensive analysis of general layout of piping systems; cold installation of steam pipe with particular attention reserved for compensation of thermal expansion displacement and orientation. C. support systems should be rational to withstand pipe loads, static load and incidental load; reasonable piping displacement; guaranteed under various conditions, stress are within the allowed range. Strength, stiffness, and meet requirements to prevent vibration and soothing water, without affecting the adjacent equipment maintenance and other piping installation and expansion. D. equipment connected to the interface to meet pipeline thrust (torque) limit requirements; increase the stability of piping systems to prevent pipeline ... Tube wall thickness (mm) 2-3 4-6 7-10 weld form no slope mouth weld strengthening height h (mm) 1-1.5 1.5-2 weld width b (mm) 5-6 7-6 has slope mouth weld strengthening height h (mm) 1.5-2 2 weld width b (mm) cover had each edge slope mouth about 2 mm argon arc welding weld strengthening surface height and width tube wall thickness (mm) 2--3 3--4 5--6 weld form weld strengthening height h (mm) 1-1 .5 1.5-2 2-2.5 width b (mm) 5,负荷量,从事练习的时间和练习重复的次数以及负重量 6,灵敏素质:指人在各种突然变化的条件下,能够迅速、准确、协调改变身体运动的能力 7,有效分, 中间分的平均分确定以后,要检查各中间分的有效差距不得超过以下规定的范围。9.50-10.00分不得超过0.2分,9.00-9.47分不得超过0.3分,8.50-8.97分不得超过0.5分。其他得分的有效分差不得超过1.00分。 8,念动练习法,它指的是学生有意识、有系统的在脑中重复再现原已形成的动作表象的一种练习方法。 9,体育,是以身体练习为基本手段,以增强体质提高运动技术水平,丰富文化生活为目的的一种社会活动。 10,健康,健康不仅是免于疾病和虚弱,而且是保持身体上、精神上和社会适应方面的完美状态。 11,带领法,是指由教师或优秀学生带领全体学生进行练习的一种方法。常用于新授课或复习课的前一段时间及每次课的热身练习。 12,运动处方,是指针对个人身体状况而采用的一种科学的、定量化的体育锻炼方法。 13,体育美学,它是艺术,狭义,美学的一个分支,是体育中艺术部分的美学的简称。与舞蹈美学、建筑美学等并立,是研究体育运动中艺术因素、审美因素和审美规律的学科。 14,艺术体操,艺术体操是一项徒手或手持轻器械在音乐的伴奏下进行的以自然性和韵律性动作为基础的体育运动项目。 15,休闲体育,休闲体育是指人们在工作、学习之余进行的群众性的体育活动。 16,冲击力,冲击力是指人体在运动时对地面产生作用力的同时,地面所给与人的相应的反作用力。 17,健身健美操,是指按照不同年龄层次、不同性别、不同心理、生理特点及不同需求而设计的供广大群众作为健身、健心、康复、娱乐用的一种体操。 18,弹动,身体某一关节有节奏地连续完成屈和伸的动作。 19,无冲击力的动作,是指人体在运动时,两只脚都接触地面的动作,或不承受体重的动作。 20,高冲击力动作,是指人体在运动时,两只脚都离开地面,身体短时间腾空的动作。 21,运动损伤,就是在运动过程中及运动之后,造成人体组织或器官在解剖上的破坏或生理上的紊乱。 三、判断,,正确的划“?”错误的划“?”每题2分,共10分, 1,健身健美操按目的任务区分,分为姿态健美操和形体健美操。,?, 2,运动后应吃一些酸性食物,如鸡、鱼、肉、蛋、糖、米等。,×, 3,青少年进行健美操的练习,应该以大运动量练习为主。(×) 4,经常进行健身健美操锻炼,会使心肌纤维逐渐变粗,变得强壮有力,改善心肌本身的循环。,?, and performance test copies of the record. If necessary, review should be carried out; 4) for spring hangers (included simple spring, hangers and constant support hangers) it should also be recognized as setting and locking of loads. 5) check the surface quality, folded layering and without cracks, rust and other defects. 5) after completion of the test and control drawing number one by one, by series baled. Color alloy steel parts, the parts marking installation location and rotation about the direction you want. 7.3.14. hangers installation 7.3.14.1 hanger layout a. a clear design of hanger should be installed strictly in accordance with the drawings and designs shall not be installed wrong, missing, etc. B. own arrangement of piping support and hanger set and selection should be based on comprehensive analysis of general layout of piping systems; cold installation of steam pipe with particular attention reserved for compensation of thermal expansion displacement and orientation. C. support systems should be rational to withstand pipe loads, static load and incidental load; reasonable piping displacement; guaranteed under various conditions, stress are within the allowed range. Strength, stiffness, and meet requirements to prevent vibration and soothing water, without affecting the adjacent equipment maintenance and other piping installation and expansion. D. equipment connected to the interface to meet pipeline thrust (torque) limit requirements; increase the stability of piping systems to prevent pipeline ... Tube wall thickness (mm) 2-3 4-6 7-10 weld form no slope mouth weld strengthening height h (mm) 1-1.5 1.5-2 weld width b (mm) 5-6 7-6 has slope mouth weld strengthening height h (mm) 1.5-2 2 weld width b (mm) cover had each edge slope mouth about 2 mm argon arc welding weld strengthening surface height and width tube wall thickness (mm) 2--3 3--4 5--6 weld form weld strengthening height h (mm) 1-1 .5 1.5-2 2-2.5 width b (mm) 5,剧烈运动后,应该适量补充含糖的饮料。,?, 6,奥林匹克宗旨是,使体育处处为人的和谐发展服务,以促进建立一个维护人权的和平社会。, X , 7,健美操是我国体育项目的一个新兴项目。从它的总体任务和发展情况看,健美操可分为形体健美操和姿态健美操两大类。, X , 8,健美操基本动作变化有以下几种表现形式,改变动作速度,改变动作幅度 ,改变动作方向 ,改变开始姿势 。, ? , 9,健美操按人数区分为单人健美操、双人健美操和多人健美操。,? , 10,练习健美操就没有必要进行形体锻炼。, X , 11,青少年正值生长发育期,在形体锻炼中应以力量练习为主。, X , 12,通过脉搏测量就可以知道自己的锻炼强度是否适宜。,? , 13,剧烈运动后,应该适量补充含糖的饮料。, ? , 14,骑自行车就可以相当于进行了腿部的健美锻炼。, X , 15,肌肉中重要的能源物质是糖、脂肪、蛋白质、维生素。, X , 16,通过形体锻炼以后,会使人觉得自己长高了。,? , 17,制定运动处方以前,首先要求对实施锻炼的人进行身体素质的测定。, X , 18,人体运动时的直接能源来源于脂肪。, X , 19,形体练习中的体姿体态应该运用于日常生活中。, ? , 20,身体某一部位移动范围在360?或360?以上的圆形动作称为绕环。,? , 21,多做仰卧起坐就能有效减掉腹部脂肪。, X , 22,许多低冲击力动作可转变成高冲击力动作。其动作形式主要由动作的力度和幅度所决定。,? , 23. 做各种形式头颈动作时,节奏一定要慢,同时上体保持正直。, ? , 24,健美操手臂动作既是健美操最重要的基本技术,又最能体现健美操的基本特征。, X , 25,在健美操的编排中,可以通过改变健美操动作的开始姿势、动作方向、动作幅度、动作速度、动作节奏、动作路线等方法来提高运动强度,加大运动负荷。, X , 26,运动负荷越大,锻炼效果越佳。, X , 27,经常进行健美操锻炼,能促进大脑皮层兴奋,从而改善和提高中构神经系统的活动能力。, ? , 28,决定体型的前提因素是运动,通过健美操运动,可以分解体内多余脂肪,使肌体获得结实而富有弹性的肌肉,从而改变体型。, X , 29,1986年12月广州体育学院编写了我国第一部《健美操试用教材》,并正式为体育学院本科学生开设了健美操选修课。, X , 30,FIG隶属于国际体操联合会,它占据健美操运动的主导地位,在健美操运动发展中发挥重大的作用。, ? , and performance test copies of the record. If necessary, review should be carried out; 4) for spring hangers (included simple spring, hangers and constant support hangers) it should also be recognized as setting and locking of loads. 5) check the surface quality, folded layering and without cracks, rust and other defects. 5) after completion of the test and control drawing number one by one, by series baled. Color alloy steel parts, the parts marking installation location and rotation about the direction you want. 7.3.14. hangers installation 7.3.14.1 hanger layout a. a clear design of hanger should be installed strictly in accordance with the drawings and designs shall not be installed wrong, missing, etc. B. own arrangement of piping support and hanger set and selection should be based on comprehensive analysis of general layout of piping systems; cold installation of steam pipe with particular attention reserved for compensation of thermal expansion displacement and orientation. C. support systems should be rational to withstand pipe loads, static load and incidental load; reasonable piping displacement; guaranteed under various conditions, stress are within the allowed range. Strength, stiffness, and meet requirements to prevent vibration and soothing water, without affecting the adjacent equipment maintenance and other piping installation and expansion. D. equipment connected to the interface to meet pipeline thrust (torque) limit requirements; increase the stability of piping systems to prevent pipeline ... Tube wall thickness (mm) 2-3 4-6 7-10 weld form no slope mouth weld strengthening height h (mm) 1-1.5 1.5-2 weld width b (mm) 5-6 7-6 has slope mouth weld strengthening height h (mm) 1.5-2 2 weld width b (mm) cover had each edge slope mouth about 2 mm argon arc welding weld strengthening surface height and width tube wall thickness (mm) 2--3 3--4 5--6 weld form weld strengthening height h (mm) 1-1 .5 1.5-2 2-2.5 width b (mm) 四、选择题,,10分,每空2分, 1,每次进行锻炼的间隔时间不应该超过, A ,,否则锻炼效果明显。 A.2天 B.4天 C.6天 D.8天 2,2006年第十五届亚运会将在, C ,举行。 A.日本 B.伊朗 C.卡塔尔 D.印度 3,下列哪些运动以有氧运动为主, B ,。 A.快速跑 B.健美操 C.短距离游泳 D.短跑道速滑 4,芭蕾舞中手的基本位置有, C ,个,脚的基本位置有, B ,个。 A.3 B.5 C.7 D.9 5,属于低冲击力的动作是, B ,。 A. 垫上动作 B. 迈步吸腿 C. 开合跳 D. 水中动作 6,我们在进行健美操练习时,要着力体会健美操的, C ,动作,从而使动作更富有节奏性。 A.绕环 B.屈伸 C.弹动 D.跳跃 7,在第八届世界健美操锦标赛中,中国队的, D ,获得第三名,首次在世界锦标赛上升起五星红旗。实现了中国健美操历史上奖牌零的突破。 A. 单人操 B.双人操 C.三人操 D.六人操 8,有研究表明,运动强度在练习者最高心率的, C ,之间时,锻炼效果最佳。 A. 30%—50% B. 40%—60% C. 60%—80% D. 70%—90% 9,国际健美操联合会英文简称为, B , A. ANAC B. LAF C.FIG D. FISAF 10,为适应健美操的发展,, A ,首先成立了健美操研究组,并创编了在全国得到广泛推行的《青年韵律操》等六套健美操。 A. 北京体院 B. 广州体院 C. 上海体院 D. 天津体院 问答题,,每题10分,抽选5题作答,共50分, 五、1,健美操基本动作特点, 基本动作是健美操中最典型、最核心的部分。基本动作是发展健美操难度和组成复合动作的基础。基本动作是健美操动作中最重要的而且是最稳定的部分。 音乐在健美操中的作用, 音乐的节奏能激发练习者的激情、具有号召和感染力、能加强对动作的记忆、音乐对创编、设计健美操动作,有诱导作用、音乐的快慢能影响和调节运动中负荷 and performance test copies of the record. If necessary, review should be carried out; 4) for spring hangers (included simple spring, hangers and constant support hangers) it should also be recognized as setting and locking of loads. 5) check the surface quality, folded layering and without cracks, rust and other defects. 5) after completion of the test and control drawing number one by one, by series baled. Color alloy steel parts, the parts marking installation location and rotation about the direction you want. 7.3.14. hangers installation 7.3.14.1 hanger layout a. a clear design of hanger should be installed strictly in accordance with the drawings and designs shall not be installed wrong, missing, etc. B. own arrangement of piping support and hanger set and selection should be based on comprehensive analysis of general layout of piping systems; cold installation of steam pipe with particular attention reserved for compensation of thermal expansion displacement and orientation. C. support systems should be rational to withstand pipe loads, static load and incidental load; reasonable piping displacement; guaranteed under various conditions, stress are within the allowed range. Strength, stiffness, and meet requirements to prevent vibration and soothing water, without affecting the adjacent equipment maintenance and other piping installation and expansion. D. equipment connected to the interface to meet pipeline thrust (torque) limit requirements; increase the stability of piping systems to prevent pipeline ... Tube wall thickness (mm) 2-3 4-6 7-10 weld form no slope mouth weld strengthening height h (mm) 1-1.5 1.5-2 weld width b (mm) 5-6 7-6 has slope mouth weld strengthening height h (mm) 1.5-2 2 weld width b (mm) cover had each edge slope mouth about 2 mm argon arc welding weld strengthening surface height and width tube wall thickness (mm) 2--3 3--4 5--6 weld form weld strengthening height h (mm) 1-1 .5 1.5-2 2-2.5 width b (mm) 健美操对消化系统的锻炼价值, 经常进行健身健美操的锻炼,能提高消化系统的功能,是消化液的分泌增强,胃肠蠕动增强,食物的消化、吸收加速。另外做健美操时呼吸加深,对胃肠道起到按摩的作用,从而增强其消化功能。由于整个机体的血液循环加速,新陈代谢旺盛,从而可使肝脏的功能得到改善。 健美操对呼吸系统的锻炼价值, 经常进行健身健美操的锻炼,会使呼吸肌得到增强。通过长期健美操有氧运动,人的呼吸加深,次数减少。这是一种最有力而收获最大的呼吸方式,可使呼吸肌得到充分的休息时间呼吸功能好,对人体维持旺盛的精力十分有利。 健美操课的特点, (1)健美操课是以健美操为基本内容的专门教学课。 (2)健美操课能使学生的体力活动和智力活动紧密结合。 (3)健美操课有利于贯彻区别对待原则。 ,4)健美操课常以集体练习的形式组织教学。 6,体育锻炼对大学生的心理健康有哪些积极影响, 改善情绪状态;提高智能;强化自我概念和自尊;培养坚强的意志品质;协调人际关系;治疗心理疾病 健美操的本质特征, 健身、健美、健心一体性特征,运动的多变和协调性特征,运动负荷大,有针对性特征,鲜明的节奏感和韵律性 学生如何培养对体育的兴趣, (1)明确体育锻炼的意义和作用。 (2)注意从体育锻炼的实践中,体验成功的乐趣,培养对体育的兴趣。 (3)要有远大的理想和明确的目标。(4)力求学以致用。 9,健美操音乐特点, (1)音乐节奏强劲有力,节拍清晰。(2)音乐旋律优美,具有激发、振奋人们情绪的效应。 (3)具有跳跃性节奏的音乐更具感染性。 10,健美操的锻炼价值, 增强体质的功能,塑造健美的形体,培养端正的体态,发展身体素质,陶冶人的情操,焕发人的精神面貌 11,列举健美操的基本步伐, 开合跳、跑跳步、吸腿跳、并步、大踢腿、V字步、点地、弹踢、交叉步、弓步等等。 12,现代健美操的动作内容包括哪些, 徒手体操动作、艺术体操徒手动作、现代舞中的简单动作、中国舞的动作、健美运动中展示肌肉力量造型动作 and performance test copies of the record. If necessary, review should be carried out; 4) for spring hangers (included simple spring, hangers and constant support hangers) it should also be recognized as setting and locking of loads. 5) check the surface quality, folded layering and without cracks, rust and other defects. 5) after completion of the test and control drawing number one by one, by series baled. Color alloy steel parts, the parts marking installation location and rotation about the direction you want. 7.3.14. hangers installation 7.3.14.1 hanger layout a. a clear design of hanger should be installed strictly in accordance with the drawings and designs shall not be installed wrong, missing, etc. B. own arrangement of piping support and hanger set and selection should be based on comprehensive analysis of general layout of piping systems; cold installation of steam pipe with particular attention reserved for compensation of thermal expansion displacement and orientation. C. support systems should be rational to withstand pipe loads, static load and incidental load; reasonable piping displacement; guaranteed under various conditions, stress are within the allowed range. Strength, stiffness, and meet requirements to prevent vibration and soothing water, without affecting the adjacent equipment maintenance and other piping installation and expansion. D. equipment connected to the interface to meet pipeline thrust (torque) limit requirements; increase the stability of piping systems to prevent pipeline ... Tube wall thickness (mm) 2-3 4-6 7-10 weld form no slope mouth weld strengthening height h (mm) 1-1.5 1.5-2 weld width b (mm) 5-6 7-6 has slope mouth weld strengthening height h (mm) 1.5-2 2 weld width b (mm) cover had each edge slope mouth about 2 mm argon arc welding weld strengthening surface height and width tube wall thickness (mm) 2--3 3--4 5--6 weld form weld strengthening height h (mm) 1-1 .5 1.5-2 2-2.5 width b (mm) 13,什么是体型美,如何判断自己的体重是否在范围内, 体型美指身体匀称、胖瘦适宜、生气勃勃,洋溢青春美的气息。 判断标准,男生,身高,cm,-105=?,kg, ,+、-10%为标准, 女生,身高,cm,-102.5=?,kg, ,+、-10%为标准, 超过10%--20%为过重,高于20%以上为肥胖, 低于10%--20%为削瘦,低于20%为过度削瘦。 14,简述健美操编排的步骤, 确定目的和任务,确定对象,确定风格、设计动作, 选择音乐,组织编排成套动作的顺序和运动负荷, 记写成套动作, 实验和修改 15,简述健美操比赛开幕式程序, ,1,宣布大会开始,2,裁判员、运动员入场,3,领导致开幕词,,4,运动员代表讲话5,裁判员、运动员退场。 16,参加健美操练习的注意事项是什么, ,1,充分做好练习前的准备活动和练习后的放松活动 ,2,合理安排练习时间 ,3,握好练习强度 ,4,要适宜的掌握运动量 ,5,要注意安全 ,6,要重视身体素质的全面锻炼 ,7,要在音乐、美术、舞蹈、文学等相关领域吸取营养,全面提高自身素质 ,8,要注意饮食搭配、良好睡眠和持之以恒 17,简述健美操比赛的组织程序, ,1,召开主办单位筹备联系会议, ,2,制定竞赛规程, ,3,建立竞赛组织机构, ,4,制定比赛程序册, ,5,领队和教练员会议, ,6,培训裁判员, ,7,比赛进行 18,怎样才能练好健美操, 为了便于动作组合和进行成套动作练习,做好身体各部位的基本动作是练好健美操的先决条件。另外,身体柔韧性与提高健美操的动作质量也有很密切的关系,为了使动作优美舒展和体现刚柔相济,还必须提高柔韧和力量素质。 19,女子健身健美操的创编特点及要求, ,1,根据女性的生理、心理特点和年历层次、爱好、水平选择动作。创编女子健美操时,要充分考虑到女子的身体特点。 2,根据女性的特点,一般爱好富有韵律感而优美的动作,所选择的动作舞蹈因素多,动作具有柔美大方,柔中见刚的特点。 ,3,胸、腰、腹、臀 这几个部位,是女子健美操锻炼的重点部位。 20,竞技健美操的任务, 1)促进现代健美操运动的进一步发展,使健美操运动向高层次and performance test copies of the record. If necessary, review should be carried out; 4) for spring hangers (included simple spring, hangers and constant support hangers) it should also be recognized as setting and locking of loads. 5) check the surface quality, folded layering and without cracks, rust and other defects. 5) after completion of the test and control drawing number one by one, by series baled. Color alloy steel parts, the parts marking installation location and rotation about the direction you want. 7.3.14. hangers installation 7.3.14.1 hanger layout a. a clear design of hanger should be installed strictly in accordance with the drawings and designs shall not be installed wrong, missing, etc. B. own arrangement of piping support and hanger set and selection should be based on comprehensive analysis of general layout of piping systems; cold installation of steam pipe with particular attention reserved for compensation of thermal expansion displacement and orientation. C. support systems should be rational to withstand pipe loads, static load and incidental load; reasonable piping displacement; guaranteed under various conditions, stress are within the allowed range. Strength, stiffness, and meet requirements to prevent vibration and soothing water, without affecting the adjacent equipment maintenance and other piping installation and expansion. D. equipment connected to the interface to meet pipeline thrust (torque) limit requirements; increase the stability of piping systems to prevent pipeline ... Tube wall thickness (mm) 2-3 4-6 7-10 weld form no slope mouth weld strengthening height h (mm) 1-1.5 1.5-2 weld width b (mm) 5-6 7-6 has slope mouth weld strengthening height h (mm) 1.5-2 2 weld width b (mm) cover had each edge slope mouth about 2 mm argon arc welding weld strengthening surface height and width tube wall thickness (mm) 2--3 3--4 5--6 weld form weld strengthening height h (mm) 1-1 .5 1.5-2 2-2.5 width b (mm) 迈进。2)使群众性现代健美操运动的发展更具有方向性,并引导健美操运动的开展。3)竞技健美操使健美操运动纳入体育竞争,进而对促进人的身体发育和身体素质增长,提高身体训练水平,以及心理素质的培养和精神陶冶等诸方面均应起到良好的作用。4)促进现代健美操科学研究的开展和理论方面的建设。 21,为什么课间运动不宜剧烈活动, 课间休息时间很短,但有的同学仍然利用这段时间进行一些剧烈的体育运动,例如奔跑、追逐、踢足球、打篮球等。其实这样做是不利于健康和学习的。首先,刚刚下课,脑子里还萦回着各种书本知识,大脑仍然处于紧张状态,但是腰腿手脚的肌肉却处于全面松弛状态,全身是懒散无力的。如果冒冒失失去进行剧烈体育运动,容易受伤。其次,剧烈运动即使时间不太长,体力也会大量消耗,很容易疲劳,会防碍下一节课的学习精力。第三,进行剧烈运动后,立刻坐下来,由于突然的动态变为完全的静态,身体各项生理活动容易失去平衡,人就容易生病。第四,剧烈运动后心跳频率会增加到每分钟120-140次以上,心跳恢复正常需好几分钟。下一节课开始的阶段,心跳是无法平静下来的,难免影响听课。 22,健美操比赛的评分方法以及如何判断有效分, 评分方法,从0—10分精确到0.1,去掉一个最高分和一个最低分,中间分相加取平均,可以亮分,也可不亮分。中间分的平均分确定后要检查各中间分的有效差距,不得超过以下范围,9.50—10.00分不得超过0..2分, 9.00—9.47分不得超过0..3分 , 8.80—8.97分不得超过0.5分其它有效得分得分差不得超过1分 23,进行剧烈运动为什么有时会腹痛, 在剧烈的或长距离的运动中,有的人会突然发生腹痛。现代医学认为,发生运动性腹痛原因有如下几点,1、精神高度紧张,情绪十分激动,造成大脑皮层功能暂时性失调,使得内脏器官的管辖功能出现一时性失灵,胃肠道的神经控制出现紊乱,便会发生痉挛。2、剧烈运动时人体分泌功能亢进,使胃肠的血管收缩而缺血,又使肝、脾出现一时性淤血,增加了重量和体积,引起腹痛。3、运动时血液循环加快,运动器官内血量增多,胃肠等内脏器官的血量减少,一时不适应,也要引起腹痛。运动性腹痛往往与没有在运动前作好充分准备有关系。 24,健美操的创编原则是什么, 健美操的创编原则是, 1、明确目的性原则, 2、鲜明的针对性原则, 3、全面性原则, 4、合理安排动作顺序原则, 5、动作与音乐的统一性原则, 6、合理的安排运动负荷原则 7、动作设计的创造性原则 。 25,简述健美操比赛闭幕式程序, ,1,宣布闭幕式开始,2,运动员入场,3,领导致闭幕词,4,总裁判长宣布比赛成绩 ,5,发奖,6,运动员退场,7,宣布大会闭幕 26,健美操比赛规程的内容包括哪些,,至少写出8项, 规程的名称、比赛级别或层次、规模和项目比赛的目的任务、and performance test copies of the record. If necessary, review should be carried out; 4) for spring hangers (included simple spring, hangers and constant support hangers) it should also be recognized as setting and locking of loads. 5) check the surface quality, folded layering and without cracks, rust and other defects. 5) after completion of the test and control drawing number one by one, by series baled. Color alloy steel parts, the parts marking installation location and rotation about the direction you want. 7.3.14. hangers installation 7.3.14.1 hanger layout a. a clear design of hanger should be installed strictly in accordance with the drawings and designs shall not be installed wrong, missing, etc. B. own arrangement of piping support and hanger set and selection should be based on comprehensive analysis of general layout of piping systems; cold installation of steam pipe with particular attention reserved for compensation of thermal expansion displacement and orientation. C. support systems should be rational to withstand pipe loads, static load and incidental load; reasonable piping displacement; guaranteed under various conditions, stress are within the allowed range. Strength, stiffness, and meet requirements to prevent vibration and soothing water, without affecting the adjacent equipment maintenance and other piping installation and expansion. D. equipment connected to the interface to meet pipeline thrust (torque) limit requirements; increase the stability of piping systems to prevent pipeline ... Tube wall thickness (mm) 2-3 4-6 7-10 weld form no slope mouth weld strengthening height h (mm) 1-1.5 1.5-2 weld width b (mm) 5-6 7-6 has slope mouth weld strengthening height h (mm) 1.5-2 2 weld width b (mm) cover had each edge slope mouth about 2 mm argon arc welding weld strengthening surface height and width tube wall thickness (mm) 2--3 3--4 5--6 weld form weld strengthening height h (mm) 1-1 .5 1.5-2 2-2.5 width b (mm) 日期、地点、 参加单位、比赛内容、参加办法、比赛办法和录取名次、奖励办法等。 27,什么是把杆训练,把杆训练的作用是什么, 把杆训练是形体训练的基本内容,通过对把杆的扶持、依靠、压、拉、别、拧等可以有效的帮助学生保持重心,多方位的发力,从而提高训练效果。把杆训练的作用是为了矫正学生的不良体态,让学生习惯于背、腹和臀部肌肉的提起和收紧。还可以发展身体的协调性、灵活性,培养动作力度与精度的一致性,从而显现出富有魅力的优美姿态。 28,坐姿和行姿的标准是什么, 坐姿的标准是上体正直,两肩自然下垂,高度相同。颈部梗直微前倾。双腿自然弯曲,大腿保持在水平部位,两脚掌均匀着地。行姿的标准是上体正直,挺胸收腹。双肩平行地面稍向后展开,双肩自然下垂,梗头,颈部保持正直微前倾,一脚自然弯曲向正前方抬起,落脚要正,膝关节伸直,后腿绷直,前脚掌蹬地前移重心,双臂自燃摆动。 29,站姿的标准是什么, 站姿的标准是上体要收腹、挺胸、立腰、展肩、沉肩、夹臀,双臂自然下垂,下颌微抬膈肌上抬,双眼平视前方,颈部保持正直微前倾,下肢要双腿并拢,小八字站立两膝伸直,两脚掌均匀着地。 30,什么是形体运动,其练习的目的是什么, 形体运动是以身体练习为基本手段,匀称和谐的发展人体,塑造体型,培养正确优美的姿态和动作,增强体质,促进人体形态更加健美的一种运动。其练习的目的是培养和塑造学生优美的形体和仪态,使其具有鉴赏、表现形体美的能力,掌握形体实践基础和理论知识基础。 31,在形体锻炼中,如何通过脉搏测量监测自己的锻炼强度, 锻炼前先测量脉搏频率,并记录下来以便对照。锻炼后应立即迅速测量脉搏并与锻炼前测量的脉搏频率相对比,一般情况如下, 小强度锻炼后的脉搏频率为130次/分以下,在10分钟以内,可恢复为锻炼前的脉搏频率 。 中强度锻炼后的脉搏频率为130——160次/分,在10分钟以内,脉搏频率可恢复到较锻炼前快30次/分以内 。 大强度锻炼后的脉搏频率为160——200次/分,在10分钟以内,脉搏频率可恢复到较锻炼前快50次/分以内 。 32,什么是美,在体育课中怎样进行美育, 美是美学的基本概念。其内涵是对能引起人的美感的客观事物的共同本质属性的抽象概括。 在体育课中进行美育首先要重视形体美的训练,其次要进行养性怡情的健美教育,再就是要把音乐美术、体育有机地结合起来。 33,写出六种形体练习的基本步伐 ,1,足尖步、,2,柔软步、,3,变换步、,4,华尔兹步、,5,and performance test copies of the record. If necessary, review should be carried out; 4) for spring hangers (included simple spring, hangers and constant support hangers) it should also be recognized as setting and locking of loads. 5) check the surface quality, folded layering and without cracks, rust and other defects. 5) after completion of the test and control drawing number one by one, by series baled. Color alloy steel parts, the parts marking installation location and rotation about the direction you want. 7.3.14. hangers installation 7.3.14.1 hanger layout a. a clear design of hanger should be installed strictly in accordance with the drawings and designs shall not be installed wrong, missing, etc. B. own arrangement of piping support and hanger set and selection should be based on comprehensive analysis of general layout of piping systems; cold installation of steam pipe with particular attention reserved for compensation of thermal expansion displacement and orientation. C. support systems should be rational to withstand pipe loads, static load and incidental load; reasonable piping displacement; guaranteed under various conditions, stress are within the allowed range. Strength, stiffness, and meet requirements to prevent vibration and soothing water, without affecting the adjacent equipment maintenance and other piping installation and expansion. D. equipment connected to the interface to meet pipeline thrust (torque) limit requirements; increase the stability of piping systems to prevent pipeline ... Tube wall thickness (mm) 2-3 4-6 7-10 weld form no slope mouth weld strengthening height h (mm) 1-1.5 1.5-2 weld width b (mm) 5-6 7-6 has slope mouth weld strengthening height h (mm) 1.5-2 2 weld width b (mm) cover had each edge slope mouth about 2 mm argon arc welding weld strengthening surface height and width tube wall thickness (mm) 2--3 3--4 5--6 weld form weld strengthening height h (mm) 1-1 .5 1.5-2 2-2.5 width b (mm) 波尔卡步、 ,6, 滚动步、,7,弹簧步、,8,踏跳步 34,健美操的分类, 一般按完成的目的任务,可分为竞技健美操、健身健美操和表演健美操三大类。 竞技健美操包括男、女单人,混合双人,男、女3人和混合6人。 健身健美操根据不同的年龄、性别、锻炼目的、练习形式、人体结构、参加人数等的不同,可有不同的分类。 根据年龄分为,幼儿健美操、少儿健美操、青少年健美操、中老年健美操等。 根据性别分为,男子健美操、女子健美操。 根据锻炼目的分为,康复健美操、保健健美操、姿态健美操、减肥健美操等。 根据练习形式分为,徒手健美操、持轻器械健美操、专门器械健美操。 根据人体结构分为,头颈部、肩步、胸部、腰部、腿部、手臂、腹部、臀部等局部健美操。 根据参加人数分为,单人健美操、双人健美操、集体健美操。 35,健美操的健身效果 健美操的健身效果是通过健美操练习能使人体各个部位、从而使身 体健康、全面匀称的发展,有力青少年茁壮成长。 发展和改善身体各部位肌肉群的力量、柔韧性、协调性、持久性等 基本素质,使肌肉纤维变粗,体积增大发达,消除多余脂肪,改 善体态。 通过健美操练习能使骨骼变得粗壮坚固,提高了骨骼的抗折、抗弯、 抗压缩和抗扭转的性能,从而使关节的稳定性、灵活性得到提高, 有利于减少骨折、骨变形、骨质疏松等事故或疾病的出现。 能有效的改善人体神经系统的功能,调节心理活动,是人具有乐观 开朗的心态和保持良好的心理平衡。 健美操也是一项具有创造性的体育活动,通过变换动作、队形和创 造性地发挥,能够充分激发体能,振奋精神,活跃思维,培养积 极向上的精神活力。 36,进行健美操基本动作练习的意义 通过基本动作的练习,可以发展柔韧、协调、灵巧、力量等身体素质,培养练习者正确的身体姿态和协调性、节奏感以及表现力,并为进行较复杂的练习和成套动作的练习打好基础,使锻炼真正达到预期的目的。 37,试举出8个低冲击力转化成高冲击力的动作 ,1,脚尖,跟,点地?点地跳 ,2,并步?并步跳 ,3,迈步吸腿?迈步吸腿跳 ,4,迈步后屈腿?迈步后屈腿跳 ,5,侧交叉步?侧交叉步跳 ,6,吸腿?吸腿跳 ,7,摆腿?摆腿跳 ,8,弓步?弓步跳 and performance test copies of the record. If necessary, review should be carried out; 4) for spring hangers (included simple spring, hangers and constant support hangers) it should also be recognized as setting and locking of loads. 5) check the surface quality, folded layering and without cracks, rust and other defects. 5) after completion of the test and control drawing number one by one, by series baled. Color alloy steel parts, the parts marking installation location and rotation about the direction you want. 7.3.14. hangers installation 7.3.14.1 hanger layout a. a clear design of hanger should be installed strictly in accordance with the drawings and designs shall not be installed wrong, missing, etc. B. own arrangement of piping support and hanger set and selection should be based on comprehensive analysis of general layout of piping systems; cold installation of steam pipe with particular attention reserved for compensation of thermal expansion displacement and orientation. C. support systems should be rational to withstand pipe loads, static load and incidental load; reasonable piping displacement; guaranteed under various conditions, stress are within the allowed range. Strength, stiffness, and meet requirements to prevent vibration and soothing water, without affecting the adjacent equipment maintenance and other piping installation and expansion. D. equipment connected to the interface to meet pipeline thrust (torque) limit requirements; increase the stability of piping systems to prevent pipeline ... Tube wall thickness (mm) 2-3 4-6 7-10 weld form no slope mouth weld strengthening height h (mm) 1-1.5 1.5-2 weld width b (mm) 5-6 7-6 has slope mouth weld strengthening height h (mm) 1.5-2 2 weld width b (mm) cover had each edge slope mouth about 2 mm argon arc welding weld strengthening surface height and width tube wall thickness (mm) 2--3 3--4 5--6 weld form weld strengthening height h (mm) 1-1 .5 1.5-2 2-2.5 width b (mm) 38,健美操运动对内脏器官的锻炼价值 长期参加健美操锻炼,会使心肌纤维增粗、心肌收缩力增强,心输出量增加,提高了供血能力。同时,通过循环系统向全身细胞提供更多的氧和养料,减少脂肪酸,延缓血管硬化。 同时经常参加健美锻炼,肺通气量成倍增长,增大了肺部的容积和吸氧量。并可使呼吸肌变得有力,从而使人的呼吸加深,次数减少,这是一种最有力而收获最大的呼吸方式,可使呼吸肌得到充分的休息,促进了新陈代谢。 进行健美操锻炼,可以增加消化液的分泌,加强肠胃蠕动,增强了消化能力,有助于营养的吸收和利用。从而改善了消化系统的机能。 因此,经常进行健美操锻炼,对心血管系统、呼吸系统、消化系统以及其内脏器官都有良好的影响。 39,健美操运动对肌肉、骨骼的锻炼价值 人体有206块骨骼,500多块肌肉,健美操运动就是使人体各大小肌肉群、各关节相互配合,协调活动。经常进行健美操锻炼,有益于肌肉、骨骼、关节均称和谐的发展,在健美操运动中,由于人体肌肉活动的不断加强,可使肌纤维变粗,肌肉的力量增强,并使韧带、肌腱等结缔组织富有弹性,发展和改善了身体各部位肌肉群的力量、柔韧性、协调性、持久性等基本素质,使骨骼变得粗壮坚固,提高了骨骼的抗折、抗弯、抗压缩和抗扭转的性能,从而使关节的稳定性、灵活性得到提高。长期锻炼还可促进骺软骨的生长,有助于青少年身体增高,骨质更为致密、结实。 40,在编排健身健美操成套动作时,如何保证全套操的科学性 编排健身健美操成套动作时,必须遵循人体运动的生理规律,运动负荷应由小到大,心率变化由低到高,波浪形地逐渐上升,然后逐渐恢复到平静状态。动作的编排也应该由易到难,速度由慢到快,强度由弱到强。 对于普通的运动爱好者来说,检验运动负荷安排是否合理,运动强度是否适宜,锻炼是否科学,最简便的方法就是测量运动后心率。 方法一,心率==同年龄组最高平均心率的60%—80%,此时为健身指标区。以青年为例,其最高平均心率为205次/分,那么当运动时,达到60%-80%则为123次/分-164次/分,这一数据为健身效果最佳的指标。 方法二,心率==,220—年龄,*60%,,220—年龄,*80%,运动后心率在此范围,说明运动强度为中度,也属于最佳健身指标区。 41,如何预防运动损伤发生 1、学习运动损伤的预防知识,克服麻痹思想。积极采取必要的安全措施,如,安全的运动场地和器材、合适的运动服装与运动鞋。 2、在激烈运动和比赛前都要科学做好充分的准备活动。 3、要根据自己的实际情况选择活动内容,适当控制运动量。根据自己的身体及时调整运动,如果在某部位运动产生酸痛,可以考虑减轻或停止运动,同时采取交叉训练方式锻炼不同的肌肉群,保证身体的均衡发展。 and performance test copies of the record. If necessary, review should be carried out; 4) for spring hangers (included simple spring, hangers and constant support hangers) it should also be recognized as setting and locking of loads. 5) check the surface quality, folded layering and without cracks, rust and other defects. 5) after completion of the test and control drawing number one by one, by series baled. Color alloy steel parts, the parts marking installation location and rotation about the direction you want. 7.3.14. hangers installation 7.3.14.1 hanger layout a. a clear design of hanger should be installed strictly in accordance with the drawings and designs shall not be installed wrong, missing, etc. B. own arrangement of piping support and hanger set and selection should be based on comprehensive analysis of general layout of piping systems; cold installation of steam pipe with particular attention reserved for compensation of thermal expansion displacement and orientation. C. support systems should be rational to withstand pipe loads, static load and incidental load; reasonable piping displacement; guaranteed under various conditions, stress are within the allowed range. Strength, stiffness, and meet requirements to prevent vibration and soothing water, without affecting the adjacent equipment maintenance and other piping installation and expansion. D. equipment connected to the interface to meet pipeline thrust (torque) limit requirements; increase the stability of piping systems to prevent pipeline ... Tube wall thickness (mm) 2-3 4-6 7-10 weld form no slope mouth weld strengthening height h (mm) 1-1.5 1.5-2 weld width b (mm) 5-6 7-6 has slope mouth weld strengthening height h (mm) 1.5-2 2 weld width b (mm) cover had each edge slope mouth about 2 mm argon arc welding weld strengthening surface height and width tube wall thickness (mm) 2--3 3--4 5--6 weld form weld strengthening height h (mm) 1-1 .5 1.5-2 2-2.5 width b (mm) 4、掌握运动要领,加强保护和帮助,同时在运动时应做到尽力而为,量力而行。 5、遵守纪律,听从指挥,做好组织工作。 6、 加强医务监督,提高自我保健意识。 42,健美操运动损伤的原因 1、准备活动不充分,在神经系统及其他器官的功能尚未达到适宜水平时就进入运动状态 2、运动训练安排不当,运动量过大,持续练时间过长,超过身体的负荷能力,练习方法不正确,没有针对性的力量练习,造成个体损伤。。 3、运动训练水平较低、技术动作错误。 4、运动环境不适,特殊的温度和湿度环境对锻炼者影响很大,在潮湿的时候或地方训练,对心脏不利,在热天训练,易引起脱水,少量脱水影响动作,大量脱水影响生命。运动中的大量脱水会导致人的抽筋。 5、自身所存在的某些生理解剖弱点 6、极端动作导致损伤。许多涉及过度弯曲和过度伸展的动作属于极端动作,它们具有潜在的危险性。 7、缺乏必要的运动知识,参加运动时生理和心理状态不佳。 8、场地、器材、保护用具、服装、鞋等不符合常规要求。 9、经常进行不适宜的动作,如,头颈部极度侧屈等都会对身体造成伤害。 43,肌肉韧带拉伤的原因及预防处理 内因,训练水平不够、柔韧、力量、协调性差,生理结构不佳 外因,准备活动不充分、场地、气温、湿度、上课内容不好, 预防,选择合适的场地及适当的课程,在正常天气情况下锻炼、准备活动充分、循序渐进。 处理,24小时前为急性期,方法,停止运动、冷敷、包扎、抬高受伤部位。 24小时后为恢复期,配合按摩、微动、康复或恢复性锻炼 44,关节扭伤的原因及预防处理 内因,技术掌握不好、协调性差,关节周围肌肉力量小、生理结构不佳、运动疲劳导致体力差 外因,准备活动不够、场地滑、器材使用不当、内容不适宜,动作速度快、转、跳多, 预防,准备活动充分、加强关节周围韧带肌肉的锻炼、循序渐进,减少运动负荷、正确掌握技术动作、 了解设备使用。 处理,24小时前为急性期,方法,停止运动、冷敷、包扎、抬高受伤部位。 and performance test copies of the record. If necessary, review should be carried out; 4) for spring hangers (included simple spring, hangers and constant support hangers) it should also be recognized as setting and locking of loads. 5) check the surface quality, folded layering and without cracks, rust and other defects. 5) after completion of the test and control drawing number one by one, by series baled. Color alloy steel parts, the parts marking installation location and rotation about the direction you want. 7.3.14. hangers installation 7.3.14.1 hanger layout a. a clear design of hanger should be installed strictly in accordance with the drawings and designs shall not be installed wrong, missing, etc. B. own arrangement of piping support and hanger set and selection should be based on comprehensive analysis of general layout of piping systems; cold installation of steam pipe with particular attention reserved for compensation of thermal expansion displacement and orientation. C. support systems should be rational to withstand pipe loads, static load and incidental load; reasonable piping displacement; guaranteed under various conditions, stress are within the allowed range. Strength, stiffness, and meet requirements to prevent vibration and soothing water, without affecting the adjacent equipment maintenance and other piping installation and expansion. D. equipment connected to the interface to meet pipeline thrust (torque) limit requirements; increase the stability of piping systems to prevent pipeline ... Tube wall thickness (mm) 2-3 4-6 7-10 weld form no slope mouth weld strengthening height h (mm) 1-1.5 1.5-2 weld width b (mm) 5-6 7-6 has slope mouth weld strengthening height h (mm) 1.5-2 2 weld width b (mm) cover had each edge slope mouth about 2 mm argon arc welding weld strengthening surface height and width tube wall thickness (mm) 2--3 3--4 5--6 weld form weld strengthening height h (mm) 1-1 .5 1.5-2 2-2.5 width b (mm) 24小时后为恢复期,配合按摩、伤药外敷、理疗、康复或恢复性锻炼 45,颈椎病的锻炼方法有哪些, ,1,转颈,自然站立或坐姿,双目微闭,先按顺时针方向大幅度缓慢转动头颈10次,再按逆时针方向转颈10次。 ,2,双手托下颌法,双手托住下颌、头颈用力向后仰,以酸胀为宜,每次10秒左右,双肩自然放松。 and performance test copies of the record. If necessary, review should be carried out; 4) for spring hangers (included simple spring, hangers and constant support hangers) it should also be recognized as setting and locking of loads. 5) check the surface quality, folded layering and without cracks, rust and other defects. 5) after completion of the test and control drawing number one by one, by series baled. Color alloy steel parts, the parts marking installation location and rotation about the direction you want. 7.3.14. hangers installation 7.3.14.1 hanger layout a. a clear design of hanger should be installed strictly in accordance with the drawings and designs shall not be installed wrong, missing, etc. B. own arrangement of piping support and hanger set and selection should be based on comprehensive analysis of general layout of piping systems; cold installation of steam pipe with particular attention reserved for compensation of thermal expansion displacement and orientation. C. support systems should be rational to withstand pipe loads, static load and incidental load; reasonable piping displacement; guaranteed under various conditions, stress are within the allowed range. Strength, stiffness, and meet requirements to prevent vibration and soothing water, without affecting the adjacent equipment maintenance and other piping installation and expansion. D. equipment connected to the interface to meet pipeline thrust (torque) limit requirements; increase the stability of piping systems to prevent pipeline ... Tube wall thickness (mm) 2-3 4-6 7-10 weld form no slope mouth weld strengthening height h (mm) 1-1.5 1.5-2 weld width b (mm) 5-6 7-6 has slope mouth weld strengthening height h (mm) 1.5-2 2 weld width b (mm) cover had each edge slope mouth about 2 mm argon arc welding weld strengthening surface height and width tube wall thickness (mm) 2--3 3--4 5--6 weld form weld strengthening height h (mm) 1-1 .5 1.5-2 2-2.5 width b (mm)