母猪产后护理及注意事项

母猪产后护理及 母猪分娩时，生殖器官发生了急剧的变化，机体的抵抗力明显下降。因此，母猪产后要进行妥善的护理，让其尽早恢复健康，投入正常的生产。 母猪产后要随时观察采食、体温变化，注意有无大出血、产后乳房炎、瘫痪、产后无乳等情况。对人工助产母猪要清洗产道，并且药物消炎。产后2-5天逐渐增加喂料，1周后达最高用量，能吃多少给多少。达到G=2.5?+0.5x?(G为日喂料量?、X为母猪所带仔猪数)。断奶前2-3天，视母猪膘情适当减料，控制饮水。 1 检查胎衣 检查胎衣是否完全排出，胎衣数或脐带数是否与产仔数一致。胎衣不下的，肌注已烯雌酚10毫克，等子宫颈扩张后，可每隔30分钟肌肉注射催产素30国际单位，连续2,3次。确定胎衣完全排出后，向产道深部投放青霉素80,160万国际单位。 2 采取适宜的消炎方法 初产母猪或胎儿过大或过多，难产的母猪，子宫易受损伤，消炎以7天为一疗程，每次药量按每公斤体重肌注青霉素3万单位，每天2次。同时可向产道深部灌注温的0.1%高锰酸钾溶液，直至恢复正常为止。对曾有产后患病史的经产母猪，也按上述方法用药。 对正常顺产的经产母猪，每次药量按每公斤体重青霉素2万单位，每天2次，连用20天。 消炎后的母猪，1周后产道仍有脓液排出的治疗:首先向子宫内灌注微温的0.1%高锰酸钾溶液200,300毫升，同时肌注已烯雌酚5毫method of basic operation; including CT, and MRI various contrast, and Image-guided biopsy, ultrasound, etc. (11) teaching, scientific research and training in clinical teaching, written within three years with some level of review or book reports of not less than 1. Four, to read reference books, Journal of internal medicine (medical college planning materials) and of the medical imaging (medical college planning materials); the practical science; the Harrison Science (in English), Chinese Journal of internal medicine series. Surgical surgical specialist refers to the rules complete the medical undergraduate or graduate education Foundation, accepted and adopted surgical specialist training, surgical diagnosis, treatment, prevention and follow-up of common diseases, surgical diagnosis and treatment of rare or incurable diseases, acute and critical illness in emergency and rescue have preliminary knowledge and experience. Surgical specialist training for 3 years. A surgical specialist, training goals through training, trainees to achieve surgical specialist level, with more skilled surgical skills, can guide the teaching of 克，使子宫颈扩张;30分钟左右肌注催产素30国际单位，间隔30分钟1次，连续2次。同时肌注青、链霉素混合液，配合磷酸地塞米松注射液全身治疗。亦可向产道深部投放 10%葡萄糖生理盐水+青霉素80,160万单位混合液100毫升，每天1次，连续喂3天，效果极佳。 对母猪产后消炎、化瘀去滞，胎衣不下，也可采取中草药拌料喂服。取新鲜益母草0.25公斤+水1000毫升煮至300,400毫升，待凉温后加入红糖0.2公斤，分早晚拌料喂服，连续喂3天，效果较好。 3 饲养方面 分娩时体力消耗很大，体液损失多，母猪表现出疲劳和口渴，因此，要准备足够的、温热的1%盐水，供母猪饮用。母猪分娩后8小时内不宜喂料，保证供应温水，第2天早上再给流食，因为产后的母猪消化机能很弱，应逐步恢复饲喂量。如果母猪消化能力恢复得好，仔猪又多;2天后可以恢复到分娩前的饲喂量。如果母猪少乳或没乳，必须马上采取措施挽救仔猪，可先调制些催乳的粥饲料类，如小米粥、用小鱼和小虾煮的汤、豆浆、牛奶等，1天喂饲3次，泌乳量上来后再逐渐减少直至停喂。如果仍不见效，可用药催乳。催乳剂:王不留行40克、木通30克、益母草50克、六神曲40克、荆三棱30克、赤芍药20克、炒麦芽50克、杜红花30克，8味药混后加水煮汁，每天1 剂，分2次投给，连服2-3天。 [NextPage] 4 管理方面 母猪分娩结束后，要及时清除污染物，墙面、地面、栏杆擦干净后，喷洒2%来苏儿进行消毒，给母猪创造一个卫生、安静、空气新鲜的环境。细心观察分娩后的母猪和仔猪的动态。母猪产后其子宫和产道都有不同程度的损伤，病原微生物容易入侵和繁殖，method of basic operation; including CT, and MRI various contrast, and Image-guided biopsy, ultrasound, etc. (11) teaching, scientific research and training in clinical teaching, written within three years with some level of review or book reports of not less than 1. Four, to read reference books, Journal of internal medicine (medical college planning materials) and of the medical imaging (medical college planning materials); the practical science; the Harrison Science (in English), Chinese Journal of internal medicine series. Surgical surgical specialist refers to the rules complete the medical undergraduate or graduate education Foundation, accepted and adopted surgical specialist training, surgical diagnosis, treatment, prevention and follow-up of common diseases, surgical diagnosis and treatment of rare or incurable diseases, acute and critical illness in emergency and rescue have preliminary knowledge and experience. Surgical specialist training for 3 years. A surgical specialist, training goals through training, trainees to achieve surgical specialist level, with more skilled surgical skills, can guide the teaching of 江西省养猪行业协会 江西养猪信息网www.jxswine.com 给机体带来危害。对常发病如子宫炎、产后热、乳房炎、仔猪下痢等病症应早发现早治疗，以免全窝仔猪被传染。例如发现有一头母猪精神不振、食欲减退、有剩料等现象，要及时查明原因，如果是因子宫发炎所致，连续注射青霉素2天后可痊愈，一般不会影响仔猪哺乳。如发现有仔猪下痢，应立刻清除传染源，并及时治疗。母猪分娩3天后，可放进运动场自由活动，使其接触阳光，恢复体力，促进消化，对提高泌乳量十分有益。但是活动时间不能太长，防止受凉和惊吓。 笔者在本县母猪生产情况调查中发现，农村广大饲养母猪专业户对产后母猪均不注意卫生措施，极易引起母猪产后子宫炎、乳房炎、无乳综合症、产后热、破伤风、产后不食等诸多常见产科病，以致影响繁殖机能，甚至淘汰。注意母猪产后卫生，可以大大减少产后诸多病症的发生。 母猪产后常见病的预防 1 产后拒食。因产道感染而拒食的母猪，可用青霉素800万单位，链霉素400万单位，混合在20毫升安乃近中进行1次肌肉注射，每天2次，连注2天。因喂料过多、饲料浓度太大造成厌食的母猪，精饲料、粗饲料、青饲料搭配要合理，母猪不宜饲喂得过肥或过瘦。 2 产后无乳、少乳。对少乳者用催乳灵10片内服，连用3-5天，或肌肉注射催产素20-30单位，1-2次。将胎衣、死产仔洗净，加水、食盐适量煮熟，分数次拌料内服。蚯蚓、河虾、小鱼(特别是鲫鱼)都有催乳作用，可煮服。也可用中药方:当归、王不留行、漏芦、通草各30克，水煮，拌麸皮喂服。每日1次，连用3天。 猪病求助、技术分享、最新政策、行业资料下载可移步江西养猪信息网method of basic operation; including CT, and MRI various contrast, and Image-guided biopsy, ultrasound, etc. (11) teaching, scientific research and training in clinical teaching, written within three years with some level of review or book reports of not less than 1. Four, to read reference books, Journal of internal medicine (medical college planning materials) and of the medical imaging (medical college planning materials); the practical science; the Harrison Science (in English), Chinese Journal of internal medicine series. Surgical surgical specialist refers to the rules complete the medical undergraduate or graduate education Foundation, accepted and adopted surgical specialist training, surgical diagnosis, treatment, prevention and follow-up of common diseases, surgical diagnosis and treatment of rare or incurable diseases, acute and critical illness in emergency and rescue have preliminary knowledge and experience. Surgical specialist training for 3 years. A surgical specialist, training goals through training, trainees to achieve surgical specialist level, with more skilled surgical skills, can guide the teaching of 3 产后便秘。可用下列方法防治:?加喂青绿饲料;?增加饮水量并加入人工补液盐;?葡萄糖盐水500-1000毫升，维生素C10毫升3支，一次静脉注射;?复合维生素B1-5毫升，青霉素240万单位，安痛定30毫升，分别肌肉注射;?酵母、大黄苏打片、多酶片、乳酶生各40片，共为细末，分4次服;?日喂小苏打(碳酸氢钠)25克，分2-3次，饮水投服。 4 产后子宫脱出。子宫不全脱出时，可用0.1%高锰酸钾溶液或生理盐水500-1000毫升注入子宫腔，借助液体的压力使子宫复原。子宫全脱者，要先除去附在黏膜上的粪便，用0.1%高锰酸钾溶液或1%食盐水洗涤。严重水肿者，用3%明矾水洗涤。整复时，2人托起子宫与阴道等高，1人以左手握子宫角，右手拇指从子宫角端进行整复。再把手握成锥状像翻肠子一样，在猪不努责时用力推压，依次内翻。用此法将两子宫角先后推入子宫体，同时将子宫体推入骨盆腔及腹腔。整复完毕，阴门用粗丝线缝合2针，以防再脱出。必要时予以麻醉。整复后注射抗菌药物消炎。 5 母猪产后跛行。有外伤时要抗菌消炎:用安痛定10毫升，青霉素320万单位，维生素B1-10毫升，每日2次，肌肉注射;地塞米松10毫升，日1次;静脉注射10%葡萄糖酸钙150-200毫升，每日1次，连用6-10天。疼痛严重者，静脉注射时加入20%水杨酸钠20毫升，腰椎疼痛处可用普鲁卡因封闭。 6 母猪产后瘫痪。将猪骨头或其他新鲜畜禽骨头烘干轧碎，拌入饲料喂猪，每头每天喂30克。病情严重者，用5-10%氯化钙注射液40-80method of basic operation; including CT, and MRI various contrast, and Image-guided biopsy, ultrasound, etc. (11) teaching, scientific research and training in clinical teaching, written within three years with some level of review or book reports of not less than 1. Four, to read reference books, Journal of internal medicine (medical college planning materials) and of the medical imaging (medical college planning materials); the practical science; the Harrison Science (in English), Chinese Journal of internal medicine series. Surgical surgical specialist refers to the rules complete the medical undergraduate or graduate education Foundation, accepted and adopted surgical specialist training, surgical diagnosis, treatment, prevention and follow-up of common diseases, surgical diagnosis and treatment of rare or incurable diseases, acute and critical illness in emergency and rescue have preliminary knowledge and experience. Surgical specialist training for 3 years. A surgical specialist, training goals through training, trainees to achieve surgical specialist level, with more skilled surgical skills, can guide the teaching of 江西省养猪行业协会 江西养猪信息网www.jxswine.com 毫升1次静脉注射。也可用高度白酒涂抹皮肤并进行人工按摩，以促 进其血液循环，恢复神经机能。另外可适当加大日粮中麦麸的含量。 对于米糠等含磷较多的饲料，加喂地瓜蔓等含钙较多的粗饲料，尽量 多喂青绿饲料，对预防母猪瘫痪也有良好效果。 猪病求助、技术分享、最新政策、行业资料下载可移步江西养猪信息网method of basic operation; including CT, and MRI various contrast, and Image-guided biopsy, ultrasound, etc. (11) teaching, scientific research and training in clinical teaching, written within three years with some level of review or book reports of not less than 1. Four, to read reference books, Journal of internal medicine (medical college planning materials) and of the medical imaging (medical college planning materials); the practical science; the Harrison Science (in English), Chinese Journal of internal medicine series. Surgical surgical specialist refers to the rules complete the medical undergraduate or graduate education Foundation, accepted and adopted surgical specialist training, surgical diagnosis, treatment, prevention and follow-up of common diseases, surgical diagnosis and treatment of rare or incurable diseases, acute and critical illness in emergency and rescue have preliminary knowledge and experience. Surgical specialist training for 3 years. A surgical specialist, training goals through training, trainees to achieve surgical specialist level, with more skilled surgical skills, can guide the teaching of