48个国际音标表
元
音
12个单元音
长元音
[i:]
[]
[]
[u:]
[a:]
短元音
[i]
[]
[]
[u]
[]
[e]
[]
8个双元音
[ai]
[ei]
[i]
[i]
[]
[]
[u]
[au]
辅
音
10对
清辅音
[p]
[t]
[k]
[f]
[s]
[]
[ ∫ ]
[]
[tr]
[ts]
浊辅音
[b]
[d]
[g]
[v]
[z]
[]
[ ]
[]
[dr]
[dz]
3个鼻音
[m]
[n]
[]
3个似拼音
[h]
[r]
[l]
2个半元音
[w]
[j]
i:]字母组合 ee ea e ie --three tree green sheep meet beef see seek eat tea meat leave lead teacher team mean speak clean piece
[æ]发音字母 a--bag hand and ant happy hat map mad bad black back glad flag shall man
[e]字母组合 ea e a--head bread pleasure elephant electric remember sell shell lesson better bed desk hotel yes many any
[]字母组合ir ur ear er or--girl shirt skirt thirty thirteen third bird turn burn murder nurse turtle Thursday burger learn earn earth heard
[ε]字母组合 er or ou ar o a e u--teacher leader remember player speaker farmer powder doctor actor mayor author tractor delicious gracious pleasure familiar collar dollar together tomorrow today lesson control around account ago elephant manta banana Canada
[a:] 字母组合 ar a--car farm card arm garden fast class last glass plant aunt calm
[]发音字母 u o ou oo--up supper lunch fun gun hunt cup bus come mother dose brother love above trouble rough flourish blood flood
[]字母组合 al or au our ar--small wall talk tall hall ball call walk short more lord horse for forty sport door floor store author caught autumn four mourn court bought warm quarrel quarter
[]发音字母 o a--hot lost lot fox box mop hop loss collar not want wash watch
[u:]字母组合 oo o u--food moon room gloom broom doom goose tooth shoe do two true truth blue full prude
[u]字母组合 oo ou u o--look good foot book wood should could put full bull pull push woman wolf
[ei]发音字母 a ay ea ai ey--name cake late gate plane April play say may way great break rain paint plain they grey
[ai]发音字母 i y--bike fine find die nine light night high my try fly eye
[au]字母组合 ou ow--house out flour ground account count sound loud around mouse flower down now cow how town
[]发音字母 o ow oa--home cold go no phone host ghost know low below grow blow show flow boat coat goal
[i]字母组合 eer ear--beer deerear near here fierce idea
[]字母组合ear air ere--pear bear chair air fair there where care
[u]字母组合our ower--hour tour flower shower
[t] tree two ten ton town twenty city
[d] door dull desk dose do dog dictionary
[k] king kite key look cook book kitchen sky
[g] girl good goal goat grade long language
[m] man make moon morning move come comb
[n] pen ten nine fine night noon moon clean
[] uncle bank English think thank junk sing king morning
[l] long land lend lord fly flag black world cold could goal soul
[r] read red right run room write
[f] five fly fine flag frog fog roof knife life wife cough laugh rough
[v] very evening even every voice vest of
[s] six sit student same seat kiss miss case scarf
[z] zoo zebra zero zap close nose hose suppose pause those
[] that this those these though
[∫] sheep shoulder ship shoe she brush wash nation attention
[h] hot hop home house horse how who
[w] when what where window wind wood
[j] yes year yell you your yolk yellow
[] child chicken china chair lunch ouch catch teach
[] age language cabbage vegetable stage bridge joy enjoy join July June junk
[tr] tree country try treat track trunk
[dr] dry dream drop drive drink
[ts] students boots boats goats nuts
[dz] goods woods moods hoods
48个音标发音要领
Unit 1
长元音[i:]
舌尖抵下齿,口腔肌肉紧张,面部表情呈微笑状。
[i:t] eat 吃 [bi:] bee 蜜蜂 [si:]see 看见
短元音[i]
舌尖抵下齿,口形偏平,开口度比[i:] 大。
[big] big 大的 [iz] is 是
短元音[e] 舌前部抬高 打招呼
发音时舌尖抵下齿,嘴形扁平,上下齿之间距离为小指的宽度。(这个音容易忘记,忘记时想想字母 F, L ,M ,N )
[bed] bed 床 [get] get 到达
短元音[]
舌尖抵下齿,嘴要故意张很大,上下齿之间可容纳食指和中指的宽度。
注意:开口度 [] ﹥ [e] ﹥ [i] ﹥ [i:]
清辅音[p] 和浊辅音[b]
/p/是p的发音,/b/是b的发音。双唇爆破辅音。发音时双唇紧闭,憋住气,然后突然分开,气流冲出口腔,发出爆破音。/p/是清辅音,声带不振动;/b/是浊辅音,声带振动。
清辅音[t] 和浊辅音[d]
/t/是t的发音,/d/是d的发音。舌齿爆破辅音。发音时舌尖抵上齿龈,憋住气,然后突然分开,使气流冲出口腔,发出爆破音。/t/是清辅音,声带不振动;/d/是浊辅音,声带振动。
清辅音[k] 和浊辅音[g]
/k/ //--/k/是字母k和字母c的发音,//是字母g的读音。舌后软颚爆破辅音。发音时舌后部隆起紧贴软颚,憋住气,然后突然分开,气流送出口腔,形成爆破音。/k/是清辅音,声带不振动;//是浊辅音,声带振动。
Unit 2
长元音[]
发音要领: 嘴形扁平,上下齿微微张开,舌头放平,舌中部微微抬起,注意长度莫太短。(忘记了怎么发,可借助“饿”)
[bd] bird 鸟 [s] sir 先生
短元音[] 发音时嘴唇微微张开,舌身平放,舌中部微微隆起,双唇扁平。
清辅音[f]和浊辅音[v]
/f/是f和ph的发音,/v/是v的发音。唇齿摩擦辅音。发音时下唇轻触上齿,气流由唇齿间通过,形成摩擦音。/f/是清辅音,声带不振动;/v/是浊辅音,声带振动。
[fi:t ] feet 脚 [giv] give给
清辅音[s]和浊辅音[z]
/s//z/是s的发音,/z/又是z的发音。舌齿摩擦辅音。发音时舌端靠近齿龈,气流由舌端齿龈间送出,形成摩擦音。/s/是清辅音,声带不振动;/z/是浊浦音,声带振动。
清辅音[h]
/h/是字母h的发音。声门摩擦辅音。发音时气流送出口腔,口形随其后的元音而变化。/h/是清辅音,声带不振动。(忘记时想起狗喘气的声音)
[hit ] hit 打击 [hed] head 头
浊辅音[r]
双唇略突出,舌尖向上卷,声带振动。(这个音你们容易忘,切忌多练习)
[red] red 红色的 [ri:d] read 读
Unit 3
长元音[a:] 看到祖国的大好河山的感叹词:啊~
发音时口张大,舌身压低并后缩,双唇稍收圆。下巴收低,
[ka:] car 小汽车 [pa:k] park 公园
浊元音[]
发音时舌尖轻触下齿,两手指高度,唇形稍扁,开口度较大。(这个音你们容易忘,切忌多练习)
[bt] but 但是 [dk] duck 鸭子
长元音[]
双唇收得又圆又小,舌头向后缩,并向前突出。
[f] four 四 [ h s] horse 马
短元音[]
嘴张大,双唇稍收圆,开口度比[]大。
[bks] box 盒子 [ ht] hot 热
长元音[u:]
双唇收圆并突出,肌肉紧张,发音要够长。火车声音 [tu:] two 二
短元音[u] 发音时双唇收圆,稍突出,发音短促。[gud] good 好的
清辅音[]和浊辅音[]
////是th的发音。舌齿摩擦辅音。发音时舌尖轻触上齿背,气流由舌齿间送出,形成摩擦音。//是清辅音,声带不振动;//是浊辅音,声带振动。(切记 舌头放在牙齿中间)
[ri:] three 三 [iz] this 这个
Unit 4
双元音[ei] [ai] [i] [au] 很简单,记住口型要变化。
前面的重读
清辅音[ ∫ ]和浊辅音[ ]
/∫/是sh的发音,//是yu的发音。舌端齿龈后部摩擦辅音。发音时舌端靠近齿龈后部,舌身抬起靠近上鄂,双唇稍收圆并略突出。气流通过时形成摩擦音。/∫/是清辅音,声带不振动;//是浊辅音,声带振动。
Unit 5
双元音[i]] [][u] 很简单,记住口型要变化。
清辅音[]和浊辅音[]
//是ch的发音,//是dge的发音。舌端齿龈破擦辅音。发音时舌身抬高,舌端抵上齿龈后部,气流通过时发出破擦音。//是清辅音,声带不振动;//是浊辅音,声带振动。
[ti: ] teach 教 [i:p] jeep 吉普车
清辅音[tr]和浊辅音[dr]
/tr/、/dr/分别是tr、dr的发音。齿龈后部破擦辅音。发音时舌身与/r/相似,舌尖贴齿龈后部,气流冲破阻碍发出短促的/t/后立即发/r/。/tr/是清辅音,/dr/是浊辅音。
[tri:] tree 树 [dres] dress 女服
清辅音[ts]和浊辅音[dz] c z 舌尖抵住上齿龈
/ts/、/dz/分别是字母组合ts和ds的读音。舌端齿龈破擦辅音。舌端先贴住齿龈,堵住气流,然后略下降,气流送出口腔。/ts/是清辅音,/dz/是浊辅音。
[gets ] gets 得到 [bedz ] beds 床
鼻音[m] [n] []
/m/--/m/是m的发音。双唇紧闭,气流从鼻腔送出。
/n/--/n/是n的发音。发音时舌尖抵上齿龈,软颚下垂,气流从鼻腔送出。
//--//是ng的发音。发音时气流从鼻腔送出。声带振动。舌尖在下齿龈,嘴巴长大
[a:m] arm 手臂 [sma:t] smart 聪明的
[nu:n] noon 中午 [n] no 不
[si] sing 唱 [l] long 长的
半元音/w/
双唇收小并向前突出,声带振动。发音短促,立刻滑向其后的元音。
[wk] work 工作 wait [weit] 等待
半元音[j] yeah 舌尖抵住下齿
该音是字母y在词首的读音。发音时舌前部向硬颚尽量抬起,舌位较高,双唇伸展成扁平状。它是个浊辅音,声带振动。
Yes [jes] 是的 year [ji] 年
舌侧音[l] 舌尖顶住上齿龈 z
/l/是l的发音。舌端齿龈边辅音。发音时舌尖及舌端紧贴上齿龈,舌前向硬颚抬起,气流从舌的旁边送出。当此音为尾音时,将舌端抵住上齿龈,舌前下限,舌后上抬,舌面形成凹形。浊辅音、声带振动。
lion [l ai n] 狮子 ball [bl] 球
26个字母发音规律
——辅音字母发音小
:辅音字母显易单,见面就把音来念。
b发[b], c发[k], ci(y) ce多发[s]; 例词:blue, table, Crisp, class, picture, actor, pencil, bicycle, nice,
d发[d], f [f], g发[g] [dV], [V]少见; Sandy, dog, red, fly, coffee, green, egg, orange, garage
h [h], j发[dV], k / l [k] [l]可分连; her, here, his, jeep, Japan, book, look, blue, Klan class
m [m], n [n][N], p [p] q [k] r 发[r]; meet, am, no, green, thank, English, pen, cap, quickly, Crisp,
s 最多[s]和[z], 趋唇[F] [V]也常见; sir, this, sit, is, his, whose, please, sure[F], usually[V], pleasure
x 发音剪头端,[ks]多于[gz]面; six, pencil-box, excuse, exercise; exam, (后接重读元音)
t 发[t], v 发[v], w 辅音[w]来念; teacher, it, very, voice, river, with, swim, wash, which, white
最后一个字母z,发好[z]音才算完。zoo, zero, size, puzzle,
音节讲解
开音节 ①绝对开音节:单个元音字母后面没有辅字组的重读音节。例如:no blue ba-by stu-dent se-cret
②相对开音节:单个元音字母后面加单个辅音字母,再加一个不发音字母e构成的重读音节。例如:name these bike home ex cuse
五个元音字母在开音节中发长音 [e ] [i:] [a ] [ u] [ju:]
5.闭音节 单个元音字母后面有辅字组(r w y 除外)且以辅字组结尾的重读音节。例如:bag egg fish not cup 五个元音字母在闭音节中发短音 [ ] [e] [ ] [ ] [ ] 0-05
6.双音节词重读规则 双音节词的第一个音节通常是重读音节。
例如: stu-dent Chi-na sec-ond au-tumn
含有a- be- de- re- in- ex- 等前缀的双音节词往往是在第二个音节上重读。双音节词的重读位置不会因增加前缀或后缀而发生改变。例如:
a bout be fore ex cuse re pair for get-ful in ven-tor 0-06
7.多音节词重读规则 多音节词通常在倒数第三个音节重读。
例如: el-e-phant con-grat-u la-tion
词尾有-ic 或-tion,-sion 的词,在-ic或-sion,-tion前的一个音节上重读。例如:scien tific im pression nation