汽车电瓶保养知识

汽车电瓶保养知识 简介 汽车电瓶也称蓄电池。它的作用是供给发动机用电，当车辆准备发动时，蓄电池会放电给起动机提供电力，并由起动机带动飞轮、曲轴转动，从而发动车辆。发动机开始正常供电之后，蓄电池则会收集并储存电能，以备日后使用。宁夏银川军凯汽车电瓶是适用于各类汽车、货运车、电动堆高车、电动牵引(机)车、电动游览观光车、电动高尔夫球车、电动清扫车、电动游船(艇)、电动汽车、电动三轮车等直流电源领域。 position for future reference. Installation using special lifting pole rotor 6.4.4.6 rotor lift, box spirit level to check the rotor axis neck of Yang, on both sides of the rotor should be lateral raises and numerical deviation of ? 0.10MM, qualified before the official lifting. Hoisting of the rotor dynamic and static clearance should be measured, rotors check clearance to prevent rotor colliding. 6.4.4.7 stationary blade carrier, diaphragm and sealing upper cylinder on the inside and install the mounting bolts, bolts and bolt holes in the surface should be coated with molybdenum disulfide. Follow the manufacturers stamp marked to install good sealing ring and spring. Check the sealing ring and spring plate, shall conform to the technical requirements manufacturers drawings. Bolt: ... Measurement with measurement tools, special tools, temporary connection bolts and connection tool equipped and in good condition. The rotor shaft to have fixed, such as thrust, bearing plates fixed installation, in case of wear of the rotor is too large. The coupling gasket check measurements: measured data processing according to gasket, clean the coupling gasket surface clean and Burr-free, check the coupling gasket thickness data, shim thickness deviation of ? 0.02mm, parallel degree deviation of ? 0.02mm. Coupling temporary bolts ready: preparing 4-8 bolt diameter coupling bolt hole diameter 0.5-1.0mm. 6.4.5.2 shaft coupling 6.4.5.2.1 General requirements in both the relative position of the flange according to the manufacturer's mark, if there is no mark, two flange scoop bias complement each other and take care of the bolt hole alignment, hit the mark as basis for alignment and coupling is finally being joined. Each measurement in the two couplings along 工作原理 它用填满海绵状铅的铅板作负极，填满二氧化铅的铅板作正极，并用22,28,的稀硫酸作电解质。在充电时，电能转化为化学能，放电时化学能又转化为电能。电池在放电时，金属铅是负极，发生氧化反应，被氧化为硫酸铅;二氧化铅是正极，发生还原反应，被还原为硫酸铅。电池在用直流电充电时，两极分别生成铅和二氧化铅。移去电源后，它又恢复到放电前的状态，组成化学电池。铅蓄电池是能反复充电、放电的电池，叫做二次电池。它的电压是2V，通常把三个铅蓄电池串联起来使用，电压是6V。汽车上用的是6个铅蓄电池串联成12V的电池组。普通铅蓄电池在使用一段时间后要补充硫酸，使电解质保持含有22,28,的稀硫酸。 性能指标 CCA值(ColdCrankingAmpere) 华氏0?F时(约为摄氏零下17.8?C)，12伏特的电瓶在电压降至7.2伏特前，连续30秒释放出的电流量。 车辆排量对应的蓄电池CCA值 1,200CC-1,600 CCA350 1,600CC-2,000 CCA500 2,000CC-3,000 CCA650 3,000CC以上 CCA750 position for future reference. Installation using special lifting pole rotor 6.4.4.6 rotor lift, box spirit level to check the rotor axis neck of Yang, on both sides of the rotor should be lateral raises and numerical deviation of ? 0.10MM, qualified before the official lifting. Hoisting of the rotor dynamic and static clearance should be measured, rotors check clearance to prevent rotor colliding. 6.4.4.7 stationary blade carrier, diaphragm and sealing upper cylinder on the inside and install the mounting bolts, bolts and bolt holes in the surface should be coated with molybdenum disulfide. Follow the manufacturers stamp marked to install good sealing ring and spring. Check the sealing ring and spring plate, shall conform to the technical requirements manufacturers drawings. Bolt: ... Measurement with measurement tools, special tools, temporary connection bolts and connection tool equipped and in good condition. The rotor shaft to have fixed, such as thrust, bearing plates fixed installation, in case of wear of the rotor is too large. The coupling gasket check measurements: measured data processing according to gasket, clean the coupling gasket surface clean and Burr-free, check the coupling gasket thickness data, shim thickness deviation of ? 0.02mm, parallel degree deviation of ? 0.02mm. Coupling temporary bolts ready: preparing 4-8 bolt diameter coupling bolt hole diameter 0.5-1.0mm. 6.4.5.2 shaft coupling 6.4.5.2.1 General requirements in both the relative position of the flange according to the manufacturer's mark, if there is no mark, two flange scoop bias complement each other and take care of the bolt hole alignment, hit the mark as basis for alignment and coupling is finally being joined. Each measurement in the two couplings along 充电率(C-rate) 用来表示电池充放电时电流的大小数值。例如:充电电池的额定容量为1100mAh时，即表示以2200mAh(2C)放电时间可持续半小时，如以200mA(0.2C)放电时间可持续5小时，充电也可按此对照计算。 使用情况 正常使用寿命在1~8年不等，与车辆的情况有很大关系。在车辆发电机回冲电正常、电器没有漏电搭铁的情况基本可以使用3年以上。如果感觉充不进电或者启动机无力，大灯明显变暗则需将电瓶取下用充电机充12-24小时，如果还不行而里程数又达到了5万KM以上，且发电机没有故障，就需要更换电瓶了。 故障检测 漏液现象 漏液现象:是上盖与底槽之间密封不好或因碰撞，封口胶开裂造成漏。 故障的检查和处理:先做外观检查，找出渗酸漏液部位。最后在充电过程中，观察有无流动的电解液产生，如果有则说明是生产的原因。在充电过程中如有流动的电解液应将其抽尽。 电瓶不能充电 故障现象:首先检查充电回路的连接是否可靠，检查连线与position for future reference. Installation using special lifting pole rotor 6.4.4.6 rotor lift, box spirit level to check the rotor axis neck of Yang, on both sides of the rotor should be lateral raises and numerical deviation of ? 0.10MM, qualified before the official lifting. Hoisting of the rotor dynamic and static clearance should be measured, rotors check clearance to prevent rotor colliding. 6.4.4.7 stationary blade carrier, diaphragm and sealing upper cylinder on the inside and install the mounting bolts, bolts and bolt holes in the surface should be coated with molybdenum disulfide. Follow the manufacturers stamp marked to install good sealing ring and spring. Check the sealing ring and spring plate, shall conform to the technical requirements manufacturers drawings. Bolt: ... Measurement with measurement tools, special tools, temporary connection bolts and connection tool equipped and in good condition. The rotor shaft to have fixed, such as thrust, bearing plates fixed installation, in case of wear of the rotor is too large. The coupling gasket check measurements: measured data processing according to gasket, clean the coupling gasket surface clean and Burr-free, check the coupling gasket thickness data, shim thickness deviation of ? 0.02mm, parallel degree deviation of ? 0.02mm. Coupling temporary bolts ready: preparing 4-8 bolt diameter coupling bolt hole diameter 0.5-1.0mm. 6.4.5.2 shaft coupling 6.4.5.2.1 General requirements in both the relative position of the flange according to the manufacturer's mark, if there is no mark, two flange scoop bias complement each other and take care of the bolt hole alignment, hit the mark as basis for alignment and coupling is finally being joined. Each measurement in the two couplings along 插头接触是否完好，认真检查插座和插头是否有“打火”烧弧现象，有无线路损伤断线等。 故障的检查和处理:先将充电回路连接牢固，充电器不正常的应更换。干涸的电瓶应补加纯水或1.050的硫酸，进行维护充电、放电恢复电瓶容量。 日常保养与使用技巧 严禁存放时亏电 蓄电池在存放时严禁处于亏电状态。亏电状态是指电池使用后没有及时充电。在亏电状态存放电池，很容易出现硫酸盐化，硫酸铅结晶物附着在极板上，堵塞了电离子通道，造成充电不足，电池容量下降。亏电状态闲置时间越长，电池损坏越重。因此，电池闲置不用时，应每月补充电一次，这样能较好地保持电池健康状态。 定期检验 在使用过程中，如果电动车的续行里程在短时间内突然下降十几公里，则很有可能是电池组中最少有一块电池出现断格、极板软化、极板活性物质脱落等短路现象。此时，应及时到专业电池修复机构进行检查、修复或配组。这样能相对延长电池组的寿命，最大程度地节省开支。 position for future reference. Installation using special lifting pole rotor 6.4.4.6 rotor lift, box spirit level to check the rotor axis neck of Yang, on both sides of the rotor should be lateral raises and numerical deviation of ? 0.10MM, qualified before the official lifting. Hoisting of the rotor dynamic and static clearance should be measured, rotors check clearance to prevent rotor colliding. 6.4.4.7 stationary blade carrier, diaphragm and sealing upper cylinder on the inside and install the mounting bolts, bolts and bolt holes in the surface should be coated with molybdenum disulfide. Follow the manufacturers stamp marked to install good sealing ring and spring. Check the sealing ring and spring plate, shall conform to the technical requirements manufacturers drawings. Bolt: ... Measurement with measurement tools, special tools, temporary connection bolts and connection tool equipped and in good condition. The rotor shaft to have fixed, such as thrust, bearing plates fixed installation, in case of wear of the rotor is too large. The coupling gasket check measurements: measured data processing according to gasket, clean the coupling gasket surface clean and Burr-free, check the coupling gasket thickness data, shim thickness deviation of ? 0.02mm, parallel degree deviation of ? 0.02mm. Coupling temporary bolts ready: preparing 4-8 bolt diameter coupling bolt hole diameter 0.5-1.0mm. 6.4.5.2 shaft coupling 6.4.5.2.1 General requirements in both the relative position of the flange according to the manufacturer's mark, if there is no mark, two flange scoop bias complement each other and take care of the bolt hole alignment, hit the mark as basis for alignment and coupling is finally being joined. Each measurement in the two couplings along 避免大电流放电 电动车在起步、载人、上坡时，请用脚蹬助力，尽量避免瞬间大电流放电。大电流放电容易导致产生硫酸铅结晶，从而损害电池极板的物理性能。 正确掌握充电时间 在使用过程中，应根据实际情况准确把握充电时间，参考平时使用频率及行驶里程情况，也要注意电池厂家提供的容量大小说明，以及配套充电器的性能、充电电流的大小等参数把握充电频次。一般情况蓄电池都在夜间进行充电，平均充电时间在8小时左右。若是浅放电(充电后行驶里程很短)，电池很快就会充满，继续充电就会出现过充现象，导致电池失水、发热，降低电池寿命。所以，蓄电池以放电深度为60%-70%时充一次电最佳，实际使用时可折算成骑行里程，根据实际情况进行必要充电，避免伤害性充电。 防止曝晒 电动车严禁在阳光下曝晒。温度过高的环境会使蓄电池内部压力增加而使电池限压阀被迫自动开启，直接后果就是增加电池的失水量，而电池过度失水必然引发电池活性下降，加速极板软化，充电时壳体发热，壳体起鼓、变形等致命损伤。 position for future reference. Installation using special lifting pole rotor 6.4.4.6 rotor lift, box spirit level to check the rotor axis neck of Yang, on both sides of the rotor should be lateral raises and numerical deviation of ? 0.10MM, qualified before the official lifting. Hoisting of the rotor dynamic and static clearance should be measured, rotors check clearance to prevent rotor colliding. 6.4.4.7 stationary blade carrier, diaphragm and sealing upper cylinder on the inside and install the mounting bolts, bolts and bolt holes in the surface should be coated with molybdenum disulfide. Follow the manufacturers stamp marked to install good sealing ring and spring. Check the sealing ring and spring plate, shall conform to the technical requirements manufacturers drawings. Bolt: ... Measurement with measurement tools, special tools, temporary connection bolts and connection tool equipped and in good condition. The rotor shaft to have fixed, such as thrust, bearing plates fixed installation, in case of wear of the rotor is too large. The coupling gasket check measurements: measured data processing according to gasket, clean the coupling gasket surface clean and Burr-free, check the coupling gasket thickness data, shim thickness deviation of ? 0.02mm, parallel degree deviation of ? 0.02mm. Coupling temporary bolts ready: preparing 4-8 bolt diameter coupling bolt hole diameter 0.5-1.0mm. 6.4.5.2 shaft coupling 6.4.5.2.1 General requirements in both the relative position of the flange according to the manufacturer's mark, if there is no mark, two flange scoop bias complement each other and take care of the bolt hole alignment, hit the mark as basis for alignment and coupling is finally being joined. Each measurement in the two couplings along 避免充电时插头发热 充电器输出插头松动、接触面氧化等现象都会导致充电插头 发热，发热时间过长会导致充电插头短路，直接损害充电器，带 来不必要的损失。所以发现上述情况时，应及时清除氧化物或更 换接插件。 position for future reference. Installation using special lifting pole rotor 6.4.4.6 rotor lift, box spirit level to check the rotor axis neck of Yang, on both sides of the rotor should be lateral raises and numerical deviation of ? 0.10MM, qualified before the official lifting. Hoisting of the rotor dynamic and static clearance should be measured, rotors check clearance to prevent rotor colliding. 6.4.4.7 stationary blade carrier, diaphragm and sealing upper cylinder on the inside and install the mounting bolts, bolts and bolt holes in the surface should be coated with molybdenum disulfide. Follow the manufacturers stamp marked to install good sealing ring and spring. Check the sealing ring and spring plate, shall conform to the technical requirements manufacturers drawings. Bolt: ... Measurement with measurement tools, special tools, temporary connection bolts and connection tool equipped and in good condition. The rotor shaft to have fixed, such as thrust, bearing plates fixed installation, in case of wear of the rotor is too large. The coupling gasket check measurements: measured data processing according to gasket, clean the coupling gasket surface clean and Burr-free, check the coupling gasket thickness data, shim thickness deviation of ? 0.02mm, parallel degree deviation of ? 0.02mm. Coupling temporary bolts ready: preparing 4-8 bolt diameter coupling bolt hole diameter 0.5-1.0mm. 6.4.5.2 shaft coupling 6.4.5.2.1 General requirements in both the relative position of the flange according to the manufacturer's mark, if there is no mark, two flange scoop bias complement each other and take care of the bolt hole alignment, hit the mark as basis for alignment and coupling is finally being joined. Each measurement in the two couplings along