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实用英语高级词汇+高级句型

2013-02-26 30页 doc 132KB 295阅读

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实用英语高级词汇+高级句型一.高级词汇 1.occur 替换 think of Suddenly I had an idea that someone had broken into my house. → An idea occurred to me that someone had broken into my house. It occurred to me that someone had broken into my house. 2.devote替换spend He spends all his spare time in ...
实用英语高级词汇+高级句型
一.高级词汇 1.occur 替换 think of Suddenly I had an idea that someone had broken into my house. → An idea occurred to me that someone had broken into my house. It occurred to me that someone had broken into my house. 2.devote替换spend He spends all his spare time in reading. → He devotes all his spare time to reading. 3.seek替换want / look for They sought ( wanted ) to hide themselves behind the trees. 4.average 替换ordinary I’m an average ( ordinary ) student. 5.but替换very The film we saw last night was very interesting. → The film we saw last night was nothing but interesting. The film we saw last night was anything but boring. 6.seat 替换sit On his way to school, he found an old lady seated (sitting) by the road, looking worried. 7.suppose 替换should He is supposed to ( should ) have driven more slowly. 8.appreciate 替换thank Thank you very much for you help. → We appreciate your help very much. / Your help is much appreciated. 9.the case替换 true I don’t think it is the case ( true ). 10.on替换as soon as As soon as he arrived, he began his research. → On his arrival, he began his research.. 11.due to替换because of He arrived late due to ( because of ) the storm. 12.cover替换walk/read After covering (walking) 10 miles, we all felt tired. 13.contribute to替换 be helpful/useful Plenty of memory work is undoubtedly helpful to English study. → Plenty of memory work will undoubtedly contribute to English study. 14.round the corner 替换 coming soon/ nearby ① The summer vacation is round the corner ( coming). Do you have any plans? ② Li Ming studies in a school round the corner (nearby). 15.come to light替换discover The family were so pleased when they discovered the lost jewels. → The family were so pleased when the lost jewels came to light. 16.have a ball替换have a good time/ enjoy oneself After visiting the workshop, we went back to school. Every one of us had a ball ( had a good time ). 17.come up with替换think of Jack is very clever. He often comes up with ( thinks of ) new ideas. 18.set aside替换save Some students think that they should set aside some of their pocket money for books. (2004天津卷) 19.be of + n. 替换adj. The products are of high quality (very good ) and are sold everywhere in China. 20.refer to 替换talk about/of, mention The professor you referred to (talked about ) is very famous. 21.can not but / can not help but替换have to do I could not but (had to) go home. 22.more often than not替换usually More often than not (Usually), the meaning of many words can be easily guessed. 23.lest替换so that /in order that I wrote down his telephone number so that I would not forget it. → I wrote down his telephone number lest I (should) forget it. 24.be long for sth. / be long to do sth. 替换want to do sth./wish for I want to see you very much. → I am long to see you. 25.be caught up in/be crazy about/be absorbed in/be addicted to替换be interested in He is caught up in ( very interested in ) collecting stamps 26.more than替换very ① I’m very glad to learn that you are coming in September. → I’m more than glad to learn that you are coming in September. ② If there is anything I can do for you, I would be more than glad to help. 27.perfect (ly) 替换good/ very well He speaks perfect ( good ) English./ He speaks English perfectly ( very well ). 28.do sb a/the favor 替换help Would you please do me the favor ( help me ) to turn down the radio? 29.the other day替换a few days ago The other day my brother and I went to the cinema by bicycle. 30.in the course of替换during In the course of (During) the mountain-climbing, please help each other and pay special attention to your safety. 31.the majority of替换most The majority of (Most of ) the interviewees prefer watching TV at home to going to the cinema. 32.consist of替换be made up of Our class consists of ( is made up of ) 50 students. 33.be worn out替换 be tired / broken ① After five hours’ non-stop work, we were all worn out (tired). ② My shoes are worn out (broken). Please buy me a new pair. 34.become of替换 happen What do think has become of ( happened to ) him ? 35.attend to替换look after 36.on condition that替换as long as 37.nevertheless替换however 38.express one’s satisfaction with替换be satisfied with 39.spare no efforts to do替换try one’s best to do 40.many a 替换many 41.be rushed off one’s feet 替换be busy in doing 42.a handful of替换a little / some 43.meanwhile替换at the same time 44.get to one’s feet替换stand up 45.beneath替换under 46.occasionally替换sometimes /once in while 47.for instance替换for example 48.seldom替换not often 49.wealthy替换 rich 50.amazing替换surprising 51.as a matter of fact 替换in fact 高级句型结构 ◆ It句型 ① It will be + some time + before… It won’t be long before humans visit the Mars. ② It is + adj./n.+ for sb to do sth. It is very important for us to learn computer well, because it has changed our life so much. He said since it was a new model in China, it was impossible to fix it without the right spare parts. ③ It is + 被强调部分 + that… 1) It is what Yang Liwei has done that encourages us a lot. 2) Those who like reading extensively say it is through reading that we get our knowledge. ◆ more …than any other 示最高级 Among the optional courses, spoken English and computer study are more popular than any one else. ◆ 名词从句 ① It would mean a great deal to me to listen to the tape and learn what is covered in the talk. ② My hometown is no longer what it used to be. ◆(非限制性)定语从句 ① The flat is in a building on Fangcao Street. It is not far from Jianxin Chinese School.→ The flat is in a building on Fangcao Street, which is not far from Jianxin Chinese School. ② It was quite an experience for us both, which I’ll never forget for the rest of my life. ◆ 分词结构 ① I don’t know about others, but I used to have to work even at weekends doing endless homework and attending classes as well. ② We’ll mostly stay at home in the evening watching TV, playing games, and meeting people. ③ Hearing this, a few people began to run after him. ④ Born in American, Thomas Edison was a great scientist and inventor. ◆ with结构 ① A terrible accident happened yesterday, with nine people killed and almost eighty injured. ② He was carrying a bedroll and a large bag on his shoulder, with a large suitcase in his left hand. ◆ 倒装句 ① The library is to the east of the teaching building. → East of the teaching building is the library. ② Although we are tired, we are happy.→ Tired as we are, we are happy. ③ Only in this way can he grow to be a useful man. (2002 上海卷) ④ May all your dreams come true! May our friendship last till the end of the universe.! ◆ 被动语态 ① Opinions are divided on the question. (NMET 2002) ② All classes are taught by teachers with rich experience in teaching foreign students. ③ New factories, houses and roads have been built.(2004 江苏卷) ◆ 巧妙的改写 (1)Only 改成no one but Only Tom passed the exam last week. → No one but Tom passed the exam. (2)as soon as …改成No sooner…than…/Hardly…when…/Immediately… The moment No sooner had we arrived at the cinema than the film started. (3)have sb/sth do/done The girl was knocked off her bicycle and had her leg broken (her leg was broken.). (4)变换插入语的位置 ①However, they suggest fees should be charged low. → They suggest, however, fees should be charged low. (NMET 2002) ②I think this is a good chance for you to show your singing talent, and how well you’ve learned Chinese. → This is a good chance for you, I think, to show your singing talent, and how well you’ve learned Chinese. (5) 用同位语代替非限制性定语从句 Meimei, who is seven years old, has been learning to ride a bicycle for several days.→ Meimei, a girl of thirteen, has been learning to ride a bicycle for several days. Shakespeare, a son from a poor family, a man of little education, wrote plays and poems that are read all over the world. ◆ 其它 (1)注重的开头 ① 用with复合结构开头 With the sun setting in the west, we had to wave goodbye to the workers. With his help, we've learned how to analyze and settle problems.(2006年湖南卷) With the functions of inserting, deleting, moving and copying, it enables us to edit test, browse web page and download what we want. ② 用非谓语动词形式开头 ⅰ)In order to improve our English, our school held an English contest. ⅱ)Walking towards the cinema, he met a foreigner. (2)长短句交错使用(注意:应突出主句;长句子并非越长越好) ◆ 相关过渡语 1). 表示时间顺序: first, then, afterwards, meanwhile, later,first of all, finally, at last… 2). 表示空间顺序: near, next to, far from, in front of, on the left, on one side… 3). 表示比较、对照: like, unlike, such as, but, however, on the other hand, on the contrary, nevertheless, otherwise… 4). 表示因果关系: because, for, as a result, therefore, thus… 5). 表示递进关系: besides, what’s more, what was worse, moreover, furthermore, in addition, on top of… 6). 表示并列关系: and, as well as, also… 7). 表示总结性: in general, in a word, in short, on the whole, to sum up, in brief, to conclude… 下面发50个必备精选句型总结 1、as 句型: (1) as引导方式状语从句句型:“按照……;正如……” 例:We do farm work as the old peasant teaches us. As (it is) in your country, we grow wheat in the north and rice in the south. 正如(像) 你们国家一样,我们北方种植小麦,南方种植水稻。 (2) as+形容词/副词原级+(a /an)+名词+as ; 否定式:not as/so --- as 例:He is as good a player as his sister. 他和他姐姐一样是位优秀的运动员。 (3) such + n. + as to do 如此……以致于…… 例:She is such a fool as to believe what he said. 她是一个如此的一个笨蛋以致相信了他所说的话。 (4) so + adj./adv. + as to do sth 如此……以致于…… 例:He was so strong as to carry the heavy box. 他是如此的强壮以致于能提起那重箱子。 (5) such --- as---象……之类的…… (接名词或定语从句) 例:He wished to be such a man as Lei Feng was. 他希望成为一个像雷锋这样的人。 (6) the same +名词+as 和……一样的…… (接名词或定语从句) 例:He is not the same man as he used to be 他不是从前的那样子了。 (7) as 引导非限制性定语从句 例:As is known to us, knowledge is power.众所周知,知识就是力量。 (8)引导时间状语从句。与while意义相近 例:We get wiser as we get older. 随着我们长大,我们也变得越来越聪明。 (9) 引导原因状语从句,与because的用法相近 例:As it was getting very late, we soon turned back. 因为越来越迟了,所以我们不久就回来了。 (10) 引导让步状语从句 例:Child as he is, he knows much about science. 尽管他是一个小孩,但他对科学了解得很多。 2、prefer 句型: (1) prefer to do sth 例:I prefer to stay at home.我宁愿呆在家里。 (2) prefer doing sth 例:I prefer playing in defence.我喜欢打防守。 (3) prefer sb to do sth 例:Would you prefer me to stay?你愿意我留下来吗? (4) prefer to do sth rather than do sth……宁愿…...而不愿.…". 例句:I prefer to stay at home rather than go out 我宁愿呆在家里而不愿出去. (5) prefer doing sth to doing sth 例:I prefer watching football to playing it. 我喜欢看篮球,不喜欢打篮球。 (6) prefer sth to sth 例:I prefer tea to coffee.我要茶不要咖啡。 3、when 句型: (1) be doing sth ---- when --- 例:He was still smiling when the door opened and his wife came in. 他正笑着的时候门突然开了,他妻子走了进来。 (2) be about to do sth --- when --- 例:We were about to start when it began to rain. 我们刚要出发,天就开始下雨了。 (3) had not done sth --- when ---/ hardly --- when --- 例: He had not fallen asleep when the telephone rang. 他刚要入睡电话就响了。 (4) had just done ---- when --- 例:I had just gone to bed after a very hard day when the phone rang. 在劳累了一天之后我刚刚就寝,电话铃就响了。 4、seem 句型: (1) It +seems + that从句 例:It seemed that everyone was satisfied.看来好像每个人都很满意。 (2) It seems to sb that --- 例:It seems to me that she is right.我看她是对的, (3) There seems to be ---- 例:There seems to be a heavy rain.看上去要有一场大雨。 (4) It seems as if ---- 例:It seemed that she couldn't come to class.看样子她不能来上课了。 5、表示“相差……;增加了……;增加到……”句型: (1) She is taller than I by three inches. 她比我高三英寸 (2) There is one year between us. 我们之间相差一岁。 (3)She is three years old than I她比我大三岁。 (4) They have increased the price by 50%. 他们把价格上涨了50% 6、what 引导的名词性从句 (1) what 引导主语从句 例:What surprised me is that everybody seemed to be very indifferent to her. 让我吃惊的是每个人似乎对她都很冷淡. [ indifferent adj.不关心的;冷漠的] (2) what 引导宾语从句 例:We can learn what we do not know. 我们能学会我们不懂的东西。 (3) what 引导表语从句 例:That is what I want.那正是我所要的。 (4) what 引导同位语从句 例:I have no idea what they are talking about. 我不知道他们正在谈论什么. 7、too句型: (1) too...to do sth. 例:Politics is too important to be left to the politicians. (=Politics is so important that it can't be left to the politicians.) 政治太重要了,不能由政治家来决定。 (2) only too --- to do sth 例:I shall be only too pleased to get home.我要回到家里就非常高兴。 (3) too + adj + for sth 例:These shoes are much too small for me.我穿这双鞋太小了。 (4) too + adj + a + n. 例:This is too difficult a text for me.这篇课文对我来说太难了。 (5)can't … too +形容词无论……也不为过 例:We cannot emphasize the importance of protecting our eyes too much.我们再怎么强调保护眼睛的重要性也不为过 8、where句型: (1) where 引导的定语从句 例:This is the house where he lived last year. 这就是他去年住过的房子。 (2) where 引导的状语从句 例:Where there is a will,there is a way.有志者事竟成。 He left his key where he could find.他将钥匙放在易找到的地方。 I will go where I want to go.我要去我想去的地方。 (3) where引导的表语从句 例:This is where you are wrong.这正是你错的地方。 注:引导状语从句的where= 介词+the place where (定语从句)例:Go where(ver) you are most needed.到最需要你的地方去 9、wish 句型 (1) wish that sb did sth希望某人现在做某事 例:I wish I were as strong as you. 我希望和你一样强壮。 (2) wish that sb had done sth希望某人过去做某事 例: I wish you had told me earlier要是你早点告诉我就好了。 (3) wish that sb would/could do sth希望某人将来做某事例:I wish you would succeed this time. 我希望你这次会成功 10、would rather 句型: (1) would rather do sth than do sth 宁愿做……而不愿做…… 例:She would rather die than turn against his motherland. 她宁可死也不去背叛祖国。 (2) would rather have done sth 宁愿过去做过某事 例:I would rather have taken his advice.我宁愿过去接受他的意见。 (3) would rather sb had done sth宁愿某人过去做过某事 例:I would rather I had passed the examination last week. 我真希望通过上星期的考试 (4) would rather sb did sth宁愿某人现在或将来做某事 例: Who would you rather went with you? 你宁愿谁和你一起去? 11、before 句型: (1) before sb can/ could … 某人还没来得及…… 例:Before I could get in a word ,he had measured me. 我还没来得及插话,他就给我量好了尺寸 (2) It will be +时间+ before + 还有多长时间…… 例:It will be 4 years before he graduates. 他还有四年时间变毕业了。 (3) had done some timebefore(才……) 例:We had sailed four days and four nights before we saw land. 我们航行了四天四夜才见到陆地。 (4)had not done --- before ---不到……就…… 例:We hadn’t run a mile before he felt tired. 我们还没走到一英里路就觉得累了。 (5) It was not +一段时间+ before不多久就…… 例:It wasn’t two years before he left the country. 还没到两年他们离开了那国家。 12、强调句型: (1) It is /was +被强调部分+that(who)... 例:It was I who wrote to my uncle yesterday. 是我昨天给我叔叔写信的。 (2) Is/was it + 被强调部分 + that (who) ... 例:Was it your brother that you met in the street? 在街上你遇见的是你兄弟吗? (3) Where/who/what/how等特殊疑问词 + is/was it that ... 例:How is it that you will go to visit her tomorrow? 明天你究竟怎样去看望她? (4) do +谓语动词(强调谓语)例:They do know the place well. 他们的确很熟悉那个地方 13、用于表示过去未实现的希望和的句型: (1) should like to/ would like to/ would love to have done sth. 例:You should like to have written to your mother. 你本应当给你母亲写信。 (2) was / were going to do sth.(用过去将来时态表示原打算做什么) 例:Lucy was going to watch a basketball match. Lucy 原打算看一场篮球比赛。 (3) was / were going to have done sth. 表示未完成原来的计划和安排 例:Lily was going to have cleaned her bedroom, but she had no time. Lily 原打算清理她的卧室,但她没时间。 (4) expect, intend, hope, mean, plan, promise, suppose, think, want, wish ... 常用过去完成时态,在这些词后接宾语从句或者接不定式的一般形式; 或者用一般过去时态后面接不定式的完成形式表示过去未曾实现的愿望 例:She had supposed him to be very rich.她原以为他很有钱。 (5) wish that …had done sth.表示过去未曾实现的愿望. 例:I wish he had been here yesterday. 要是他昨天在这儿就好了。 (6) 情态动词should ,would, could, might, ought to等后接不定式的完成时, 表示过去本该做,打算做,想做而未做的事情. should have done =ought to have done本应该做而没做 would have done = 本来就会去做某事而没做 could have done = 本可以做某事而没做 might have done本可以做而没做例:They ought to have apologized.他们本该道歉的。 14、倍数句型: (1)倍数+比较级+than..., 例:The room is twice larger than that one.这个房间是那个房间的两倍大。 There is 30 times greater chance of being hit by lightening than being attacked by a shark. (2)倍数+as+原级+as..., 例:The room is three times as large as that one. 这个房间是那个房间的三倍。 (3)倍数+the size /height/length /weight /width of... 例:The room is three times the size of that one.这个房间是那个房间的3倍大 15、 It is ------ that ---- 句型 (1) It is + 名词 + 从句 It is a fact/an honour ---that+陈述语气从句 例:It is a fact that the earth moves around the sun. 地球围绕太阳转是事实。 It is a pity/shame/no wonder that+ 虚拟语气从句 例:It is a pity that he should not come. 他若不来可真是遗憾。 (2) It is + 形容词 + 从句 It is natural/important/necessary/strange that + 虚拟语气从句 例:It is important that enough money be collected to fund the project. 重要的是募集足够的钱,为这个项目提供资金。 It is obvious/apparent/clear that+ 陈述语气从句 例:It is clear that she doesn't like the dress at all. 这很清楚她一点儿也不喜欢这条裙子。 (3) It + 过去分词 + 从句 It is generally/commonly believed /accepted/thought/heldthat ... +陈述语气从句 例:It is universally acknowledged that trees are indispensable to us. 全世界都知道树木对我们是不可或缺的。 It is suggested/ordered/desired/requested/decided that +虚拟语气从句 例句:It is suggested that we should hold a meeting next week. 建议我们下周开上会。 16、It + 不及物动词 + 从句 (1) It seems that 例:It seems that Alice is not coming to the party at all. 看来Alice根本就不准备来参加聚会了。 (2) It happened that...……很偶然. 例:It happened that I won the football lottery last week. 我上星期偶然中了足彩 (3) It occurred to sb that... 例句:It suddenly occurred to me thatI knew how to solve that problem. 我突然想起我知道怎样解决那个问题. (4) It appears that.... 例: It appears that Tom might change his mind.看来汤姆会改变主意 17、比较句型: (1)原级比较: 例:English is not so difficult a subject as Russia. 不是和像俄语一样难的科目。 Their bones are not as thick as adults’. 他们的骨头和成年人的不一样厚。 (2)一方超过另一方: 例:The weather of this year is a lot hotter than that of last year. 今年的气候比上一年的气候要热得多。 (3)一方不如另一方: 例:The restoration was so bad that it made some of the buildings less secure than they had been before. 修复工作是如此的糟,以致于它使得一些建筑没有以前安全了。 (4) The + -er + S + V, --- the + -er + S + V --- The + more + Adj + S + V, --- the + more + Adj + S + V --- (愈...愈...) 例:The harder you work, the more progress you make. 你愈努力,你愈进步。 The more books we read, the more learned we become. 我们书读愈多,我们愈有学问。 (5) more…. than…与其说…倒不如说 例:Smith is more diligent than intelligent. 与其说Smith聪明倒不如说他勤奋。 (6) no +形容词比较级+ than = as +形容词的反义词+as 例:I am no better at English than you. 我的英语不比你好。 (7) that 在前后比较中代替不可数名词和特指的单数可数名词 例:The traditional picture of St Nicholas is quite different from that of Father Christmas. (8) one 在前后比较中代替泛指的单数可数名词。 例:I prefer a flat in Beijing to one in Nanjing, because I want to live near my Mom's. 与南京相比我更喜欢在北京有一套公寓,因为我想跟我妈妈住一起。 (9) those 在前后比较中代替 特指的复数可数名词。 例:Salaries are higher here than those in my country. 这儿的工资比我们国家的高。 (10) ones 在前后比较中代替泛指的复数可数名词 例:Cars do cause us some health problems --- in fact far more serious ones than mobile phones do.汽车确实给我们的身体健康带来问题,事实上比手机造成的问题更严重 18、感叹句型: (1) What a + Adj + N + S + V! 例:What an important thing it is to keep our promise!  信守我们的诺言是多么的重要啊! (2) How + Adj + a + N + V!(多么...!) 例:How important a thing it is to keep our promise! 遵守诺言是多么重要的事! (3) How + S + V! 例句:How I want to go to Beijing. 我多么想去北京啊! 19、表法猜测的句型: (1) must have done sth 一定做过某事 否定形式:can't have done 例:She must have come here last night. 她一定是昨晚来的。 She can't have gone there她不可能到那儿去。 (2) may have done sth可能做过某事否定形式:may not have done 例:Philip may have been hurt seriously in the car accident. Philip 可能在这次车祸中伤得很严重。 (3) might have done sth 或许做过某事 否定形式: might not have done 例:She might have known what the bottle contained. 她或许知道这个瓶子里装的是什么。 (4) should have done sth 估计已经做了某事 否定形式:should not have done 例:She should have arrived in her office by now.她此刻估计已经到达办公室了。 20、动词不定式常用句型: (1) It takes / took / will take sb. some time / money to do sth. 某人花/花了/将花多长时间/多少钱做某事. 例句:It took me years of hard work to speak good English. 为了讲一口流利的英语,我花了多年时间刻苦操练. (2) It is + adj +for/of sb to do sth 例:Lincoln said that it was not right for the South to break away from the Union.林肯说南方脱离联邦是不对的。 It was careless of Tom to break the cup. (3) Sb. have / has / had no choice but to do... 某人除了做……别无选择. 例句:We had no choice but to take a taxi for we'd missed the last bus. 由于错过了最后一班公共汽车,除了乘坐的士,我们别无选择. (4) It's not /just like sb. to do sth.……的行为不/正像某人的一贯作风. 例:lt's not like Jim to be late for class. He regards time as the most important thing in life. 上课迟到不像吉姆的一贯作风,他把时间看作是生命中最重要的. (5) ....形容词/副词+enough to do sth. 例:I was fortunate enough to travel t
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