自考本科段英语

自考本科段英语(二)高频词汇总结(1) 　第一单元 1.常考单词： 　　goal， 目标，目的；球门；终点；得分objectiveadj. 客观的，实体的；目标的；[语]宾格的；[医]他觉的 n. 目标，任务；[光]物镜；[语]宾语，宾格；[事]出击目标 ，accomplish，完成，predictvt. 预言，预测；预示，预告，accompany，伴随的implement，vt. 实施，执行；使生效，实现；落实（政策）；把…填满 n. 工具，器械；家具；手段；[法]履行（契约等）tendencyn. 倾向，趋势；（话或作品等的）旨趣，意向；性情；癖好 ，achievementn. 完成，达到；成就，成绩，argue，争论 budget，n. 预算；预算案；预算拨款；一束define 下定义 vt. 规定；使明确；精确地解释；画出…的线条 ，entity n. 实体；实际存在物；本质 　　2. 常考词组： 　　in the way对…方式 ，挡道，in part，point of view，contribute to，to apply for，in hand，to turn down 　 　　 　　第二单元 　　1.常考单词： 　　escape逃跑 ，explodevi. 爆[突]发，发怒；激增，迅速扩大 vt. （使）爆炸；突然（发出巨响，活跃起来，迸发感情）；推翻；驳倒 ，collapse vi. 折叠；倒塌；崩溃；（尤指工作劳累后）坐下 vt. 使倒塌；使坍塌；使瓦解 n. 垮台；（身体的）衰弱，shrink，收缩 gravity n. 重力；万有引力，地心引力；重要性，严重性；严肃，庄重 ，measurement n. 量度；份量，尺寸；测量法；（量得的）尺寸，basis n. 基础；主要成分；基准，基本原则，launch 发射；，convincing adj. 令人相信的；有说服力的；令人心悦诚服的 v. 使相信(convince的现在分词)；使明白；使确信；说服 ，companion同伴，speculation n. 投机买卖；思考；投机活动；推断 ，swallow vt.& vi.吞，咽；忍耐，忍受，operate vt.& vi. 运转；操作；经营；管理 vi. 开刀；（对…）动手术；动手术；（在某地）采取军事行动 vt. 操作，控制，使运行 ，to make use of利用，a great many很多， 许多；指不胜屈；浩，above all首要的是，尤其；最重要的是 　　 　　第三单元转自环 球 网 校edu24ol.com 　　1.常考单词： 　　weaken deteriorate vt. 使恶化 vi. 恶化，变坏debate legal request criterion n. （批评、判断等的），准则；规范ensure oppose tradition consideration disabled burden vulnerable prohibition sensitive 　　2. 常考词组： 　　to debate on 　to make request for 　be opposed to 　to take … into account 　　第四单元 　　1.常考单词： 　　Demestic国内的statistics diplomat n. 外交官；有外交手腕的人；善于交际的人；处事圆滑机敏的人exploit campaign n. 运动；竞选运动；战役；季节性竞赛 vi. 参加[发起]运动，参加竞选；参战，参加战役；作战execute vt. 执行；处死，处决；履行；完成convictvt. 宣判有罪；证明…有罪；使知罪；定…的罪 n. 罪犯 despite deserving shelf　minimum status deport vt. 行为，举动；把…驱逐出境 　　第五单元 　　1.常考单词： 　　Musician 　rhythmic adj. 有韵律的，有节奏的；格调优美的；周期性的；合拍的　distinct adj. 明显的，清楚的；卓越的，不寻常的；有区别的；确切的　consciousness　originate vt. 引起；创始，创作；开始，发生；发明 vi. 起源于，来自；产生；起航　readily 　instrument 　electronic 　thereby 　passive participant.; 　　2. 常考词组： 　　to take place发生 　to take over接管 　to take on 承担　in a sense在某种意义上，在一定程度上 　at a stretch adv. 一口气地；一气　to serve as担任 　in advance 　在前头；预先，事先；提前；先期 for the sake of为了 　 　　第六单元 　　1.常考单词： 　　efficiency n. 效率，效能；实力，能力；[物]性能；功效increasingly install personnel expose reduction completion specific switch开关；转换，转换器；软鞭子；[信]接线台 vt.& vi. 转变，改变；转换；关闭电流；鞭打critical intensity n. 强烈；（感情的）强烈程度；强度；烈度n. 强烈；（感情的）强烈程度；强度；烈度 scale n. 规模；比例（尺）；鱼鳞；级别 defective adj. 有错误的；有缺陷的，有瑕疵的；[语]变化不全的；智力低于正常的 n. 身心有缺陷的人；变化不全的词 　　2. 常考词组： 　　in that in question plenty of 　 　　第七单元 　　1.常考单词： 　　research attach underlie relevant positive possession desirable relaxation occupation urban acquire participation 　　2. 常考词组： 　　be concerned with be relevant to to set … as objective 　　ividual. 　　4) Since leisure is basically self-determined，one is able to take to one's interests and preferences and　get involved in an activity in ways that will bring enjoyment and satisfaction. 　　5) Basically，such attitudes amount to a recognition that leisure is an important area of life and a belief that Leisure can and should be put to good use. 　　6) For example，the degree to which and the ways in which a school encourages participation in games，sports and cultural pursuits are likely to contribute to the shaping of leisure attitudes on the part of the students. 　　7) Schools usually set as their educational objective the attainment of a balanced development of the person. 　　8) The more seriously this is sought，the more likely positive attitudes towards leisure as well as academic work will be encouraged. 第八单元 　　1.常考单词： 　　flight negotiation transport overcome internal external rhythm feasible adj. 可行的；可用的；可实行的；可能的assumption promote 　　2. 常考词组： 　　effect on 　to blame… on 　to advantage 　now that 　out of step to leave … alone 　　3. 常考句子： 　　1) The problem of Jet Lag is one every international traveler comes across at some time. (para.1) 　　2) The effects of rapid travel on the body are actually far more disturbing than we realize. (para.2) 　　3) He later blamed his poor judgement on Jet Lag. (para.3) 　　4) Now that we understand what Jet lag is，we can go some way to overcoming it.(para.4) 　　5) The other belongs in our internal clocks which，left alone，would tie the body to a 25 hour - yes，25 - rhythm.(para.5) 　　6) In time the physiological system will reset itself，but it does take time. (para7) 　　7) One reason for this discrepancy is that different bodily events are controlled by different factors. (para.8) 　　8) It is not feasible to wait four days until the body is used to the new time zone. (para.9) 　　第九单元 　　1.常考单词： 　　classify approximat adj. 约莫的，大概的；极相似的；[植]相近但不连接的 vi. 接近于；近似于 vt. 靠近；使接近；使结 proportion appreciation acknowledge alter lengthen wealthy neglect expectation 　　2. 常考词组： 　　to approximate to　resistance to 　to cope with attribute … to 　　3. 常考句子： 　　1) Nation classified as “aged” when they have 7percent of more of their people aged 65 or above. (para.1) 　　2) The nearer a society approximates to zero population growth，the older its population is likely to be - at least，for any future that concerns us now. 　　3) The older you are now，of course，the greater this proportion will be，and greater still if you are a woman. 　　4) If you are now in your thirties，you ought to be aware that you can expect to live nearly one third of the rest of your life after the age of 60. 　　第十单元 　　1.常考单词： 　　election n. 选举，当选；选举权；[神]神的选择vote certainty loyalty n. 忠诚，忠实；忠心；忠于…感情 decline democrat n. 民主主义者，民主人士；民主党人；<美>民主党党员strategy pursue impact head quarters economy stir vt.& vi. （使）移动；搅拌；（使）行动；（使）微动 vt. 使打起精神；使奋起；叫醒；唤起 vi. 苏醒；奋起；传播；发生 n. 搅动；骚乱；激动；微动congress n. 国会；代表大会；（用于某些国家的政党名称）国民大会；社交 vi. 开会，集合representativen. 代表；继任者；议员；类似物 adj. 典型的；有代表性的；代议制的；相当[类似]（另一种属）的 　　2. 常考词组： 　　to identify……as impact on 　　3. 常考句子： 　　1) Candidates try to project a strong leadership image. (para.4) 　　2) Whether voters accept this image，however，depends more on external factors than on a candidate's personal characteristics. (para. 4) 　　此句注意主语从句作主语。 　　3) A year later，with the nation's economy in trouble，Bush's approval rating dropped below 40 percent. 　　4) Candidates are particularly concerned with winning the states which have the largest population. 　　5) Clinton received only 43 percent of the popular vote in 1992，compared with Bush's 38 percent and Perot's 19 percent. 　　第十一单元 　　1.常考单词： 　　disorder n. 混乱，凌乱；动乱，骚乱；不正当行为；（身心机能的）失调 vt. 使混乱，使凌乱；扰乱；使（身心等）失调；使（神经等）错乱irrelevant　misleading adj. 误导性的；骗人的；引入歧途的　irresponsible eventual partly　replace undergo suitable to do research into be central to　be irrelevant to to aim for 　　2. 常考句子： 　　1) The use of animals has been central to the development of anaesthetics. 　　2) Animal research is irrelevant to our health and it can often produce misleading results. 　　3) People and animals are different in their reactions to drugs and in the way their bodies work. 　　4) It would be completely irresponsible and unethical to use drugs on people that had not been thoroughly tested on animals. 　　5) The eventual aim of computer modeling is to reduce the number of animals used in experiments. 　　6) Many other new techniques are now available that enable more research to be done in the test tube to see if chemicals produce harmful biological effects. 　　7) The number of animals used in laboratory tests has declined over the last 20 years. 　　8) This is partly due to alternatives and partly to the fact that experiments are better designed so fewer need to be used. 　　9) Professor David Morton of the department is involved in animal research and is concerned with reducing animal suffering as much as possible. 　　10) This includes keeping them in more suitable cages. 　　include 后面接动名词作宾语。 　　11) In the US，one experiment in nerve regeneration involves cutting a big nerve in a rat's leg. 　　involve 后面接动名词作宾语。 　　12) When it comes to research into heart disease and its effects on the body，or diseases of the brain for example，we do not have adequate substitutes for the use of animals. 　　When it comes to 当提到 … 的时候 　　第十二单元 　　1.常考单词： 　　symptom n. 症状；征兆　intellectual adj. 智力的；有才智的；需用智力的；智力发达的 n. 知识分子；脑力劳动者；有极高智力的人；凭理智（而非感情）办事的人　detail 　initial　inventor confront 　sensitivity n. 敏感，感受性；仪器等的)灵敏性；[摄]感光度　reflection　creativity character trace vt. 跟踪，追踪；追溯，探索；探索；查找 vi. 沿着一小径或道路前进；可以追溯的 n. 痕迹，踪迹；微量，极少量；[植]（脉）迹；痕迹modest　investment to substitute … for be contrary to to put off　be confronted with to gaze at be unaware of to impress…on be free from be beneficial to 　　2. 常考句子： 　　1) At its best，daydreaming was considered a compensatory substitute for the real things in life. 　　2) There are always those who would substitute fantasy lives for the rewards of real activity.(para.2) 　　3)Most people suffer from a lack of daydreaming rather than an excess of it. (para.2) 　　4)Not only are they less able to deal with the pressure of day-to-day existence，but also their self -control and self-direction become endangered. (para.2) 　　5) But its beneficial effects go beyond this. (para. 3) 　　Go beyond 表示“超越 …，不仅仅是 … ” 　　6)Historically，scientists and inventors are one group that seems to take full advantage of relaxed moments. 　　Take advantage of 利用 　　7) Whenever confronted with a task which seemed too hard to be dealt with，he would stretch out on his laboratory sofa and let fantasies flood his mind. (para.7) 　　8) Picture yourself as winning and that will contribute remarkably to success. 　　The important thing to remember is to picture these desired objectives as if you had already attained them. 　　第十三单元 　　1.常考单词： 　　compel vt. 强迫，迫使；强制发生，使不得不voluntary undertake coincide vi. 与…一致；想法、意见等相同；相符；极为类似manual adj. 手的；手制的，手工的；[法]占有的；体力的 n. 手册；指南；[乐]键盘；[军]刀枪操练　efficiency n. 效率，效能；实力，能力；[物]性能；功效compulsion n. 强迫；强制；冲动；打动人的力量division eliminate vt. 排除，消除；淘汰；除掉；<口>干掉boring amusement so far as …knows to coincide with attitude toward to go in for从事；参加；喜欢；支持 　　2. 常考句子： 　　1) He cannot be really happy if h is compelled by society to do what he does not enjoy doing. 　　2) Whether a job is to be classified as labor or work depends，not on the job itself，but on the tastes of the individual who undertake it. 　　3) The difference does not，for example，coincide with the difference between a manual and a mental job. 　　4) So that it is natural for him to imagine that the fewer hours he has to spend laboring，and the more hours he is free to play，the better. 　　第十四单元 　　1.常考单词： 　　device compassion n. 怜悯，同情；恻隐之心grab vt.& vi. 抢先，抢占 vt. 夺取或抓住；抢夺，霸占；匆匆拿走；〈俚〉吸引注意力 vi. 抓住，攫取；夺取 n. 不法所得；被抓住的人；抓取装置 belonging threatening　convince foster vt. 培养，促进 vt.& vi. 收养，养育 adj. （与某些代养有关的名词连用）；养育的；领养的；照顾孤儿的persuasion n. 劝说，说服（力）；信仰avail suspect　profound to convince sb. to do sth. to comment on 　　2. 常考句子： 　　1)It was a microcassette found in Kathleen Weinstein's shirt pocket that not only led police to　her alleged killer but also revealed the New Jersey teacher to be a woman of extraordinary courage　and compassion. 　　本句是个强调句，另外注意 found 的用法 　　2) It was there，police believe，that Weinstein was able to activate the recorder she kept in her bag. 本句是强调句。 　　3) Weinstein's body，with hands and feet bound，was discovered by a hiker on March17. 　　4) But before she died she somehow slipped the microcassette into her pocket without her killer knowing it. 　　第十五单元 　　1.常考单词： 　　solely adv. 唯一地；仅仅；独一无二地；纯粹contentn. 内容；（书等的）目录；满足；容量 adj. 满足的，满意的；愿意的；心甘情愿的 vt. 使满足，使满意 sensible persist vital logic n. 逻辑，逻辑学；（做某事的）道理；推理方法；威力，压力，强制（力） adj. 逻辑的evaluate raw ultimate adj. 最后的；极限的；首要的；最大的 n. 终极；顶点；基本原理；基本事实functional　extension undue adj. 过度的，过分的；不适当的；未到期的；逾分concrete conquer error prolong technician proof n. 证明；校样；检验；（酒的）标准酒精度 adj. 防…的；抗…的；能抵御；能防范 vt. 给（织物）做防护处理 possess to pull down　to mistake…for to distinguish between to come to terms with　to end in 　to reflect on 　to come about 　to speculate on推测的 　　2. 常考句子： 　　1) Electronic brains can reduce the profusion of dead ends involved in vital research. 　　2) Nor do they connect a man to the things he has to be connected to - the reality of pain in others. 　　注意本句的倒装形式。并且注意“ connect … to ”表示“把 … 与 … 连接起来”。 　　3) The reason these matters are important in a computerized age is that there may be a tendency to mistake data for wisdom. 　　本句中注意“ tendency ”后面要接动词不定式作定语。另外“ mistake … for ”表示“把 … 错认为 … ” 　　4) For the danger is not so much that man will be controlled by the computer as that he may imitate vt. 模仿，效仿；仿造，伪造 it.