英语音标发音规则

英语音标发音规则 一、元音字母在重读音节中的读音 a在开音节中 [ei] name plane Jane baby cake 在闭音节中 [æ] bag dad hat map black back e在开音节中 [i:] he these me Chinese 在闭音节中 [e] bed let pen desk yes egg i在开音节中 [ai] bike fly drive time nice kite 在闭音节中 [i] fish big drink sit milk swim o在开音节中 [əu] those close go hoe home no 在闭音节中 [ɔ] clock not box shop sock u在开音节中 [ju:] student excuse duty Tuesday 在闭音节中 [ʌ]bus cup jump much lunch 在开音节中,元音字母u在辅音字母j l r s后面时读[u:]音,例如:June blue ruler super 二、元音字母在非重读音节中的读音 元音字母读 音 例 词 a [ə]China another woman breakfast [i]orange comrade village cabbage e [ə] hundred student open weekend [ə:] nerve serve term [i] chicken pocket begin children i [i] holiday beautiful family animal [ai] exercise satellite o[ə] second tonight somebody welcome [əu] also zero photo u[ə] autumn difficult [ju:] popular congratulation January 动词中的a如果处在开音节位置,a读[ei]音,例如:operate u处在开音节位置,又在辅音字母j l r s后面时,读[u(:)]音,例如:July influence February issue 三、元音字母在重读音节中的特殊读音 a在[w]音后面 [ɔ] want what watch wash quality a在f n sk ph sp ss st th前 [a:] after plant graph ask grasp glass fast father i在-nd -ld和gh前 [ai] find child light high o在-st -ld前 [əu] most postcard old cold o在m n v th前 [ʌ] come monkey love mother 四、-r音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音 ar [a:] car farm dark sharpener ar在[w]音后面 [ɔ:] warm quarter towards or or在[w]音后面 [ɔ:] forty morning short [ə:] word worker worse er ir ur [ə:] certainly bird Thursday 辅音字母r双写时,前面的元音字母不能与r构成-r音节,而是按重读闭音节的拼读规则发音.例如: carry sorry hurry -r音节在非重读音节中通常读[E]音,例如:dollar teacher martyr forget Saturday 五、-re音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音 are[ɛə] care dare hare ere[iə] here mere ire[aiə] fire hire wire ore[ɔ:] more score before ure[juə] pure cure are ere ire ore很少出现在非重读音节中,ure在非重读音节中读[ə]音,例如:picture pleasure 重读元音字母加Rr,再加非重读元字组时,重读元音字母应按-re音节拼读规则拼读,字母Rr读[r]音. 例如:parent zero story during inspiring 某些常用词及多音节词经常出现长音短化现象. 例如:orange very American paragraph 六、元音字组在重读音节中的读音 ai/ay[ei] afraid rain wait day play air[ɛə] air hair chair pair repair al在f m前 [ɔ] small ball talk wall all [ɔ:l] always also salt almost bald [a:] half calm au/aw[ɔ:] autumn daughter draw ea[i:] teach easy cheap please [e] heavy bread sweater weather [ei] break great ear [iə] hear dear near clear year [εə] bear pear wear [ə:] earth learn early ee [i:] jeep week green three eer[iə] pioneer deer beer ei/ey[ei] eight neighbour they [i:] either key eu/ew在j l r s后 [ju:] new few newspaper [u:] flew brew ie/ei在[s]音之后 [i:] piece field receive oa [əu] coat Joan boat goal oar/oor[ɔ:] roar board door floor oi/oy [ɔi] noise point boy toilet oo [u:] broom food tooth school [u] book look cook foot good ou/ow [au] flower house count down [əu] know row throw though [ʌ] young country enough [u:] group you soup our[ɔ:] course your four [auə] our hour ours [ə:] journey ui在j l r s后 [ju:i] fluid suicide tuition [u:] juice fruit suit 七、非重读音节中元音字组和字群的读音 ai/ay ei/ey [i] Sunday foreign monkey ow [əu] yellow sparrow tomorrow 元音字组在非重读音节中读[E]音或[i]. 例如:neighbour serious famous biscuit coffee -sion -tion [∫n] impression nation -sion在元音字母后 [ӡn] vision decision occasion -tion在s后 [t∫ən] question suggestion -sten[sn] listen -stle[sl] whistle -sure[ӡə] pleasure measure -ture[t∫ə] picture culture 八、元字组在复合词非重读音节中的读音 复合词中的第二部分不标注重音符号,但其中的元音字母或元音字组仍按重读音节拼读规则拼读. everyday[ei] handbag[æ] blackboard[ɔ:] 有些词随着语言的发展,前后两部分已失去其单独存在的意义,融合成为一个词.其中的非重读部分要按非重读音节的读音规则发音. 例如: sun太阳 + day[ei]日子 > Sunday[i] 星期天 holy神圣 + day[ei]日子 > holiday[i] 假日 break中断 + fast[a:]斋戒 > breakfast[ə] 早餐 cup茶杯 + board木板[ɔ:] > cupboard[ə] 碗柜 九,辅字组的读音 b[b] bike bus bag [/] bomb tomb c在e前或在i/y前 [k] cake picture coat music [s] face decide cinema ch[t∫] much chick rich teacher [k] school headache chemistry [∫] machine -ck [k] cock pocket black knock d [d] doctor bread hand day -dge[dӡ] bridge fridge dr-[dr] children driver drink f[f] five four breakfast g在e i/y前 [g] bag gardon go [dӡ] orange large German gh[f] cough enough [/] light daughter high gu- -gue gu在非重读音节中 [g] guess league dialogue [gw] language anguish h[h] hot head house hand [/] hour honest j [dӡ] jeep jar joke join July k[k] kind bike skate make week kn-[n] knife know knock l [l] life milk school tall m [m] monkey come autumn -mn [m] autumn column n n在[k] [g]音前 [n] not shine ten note [ŋ] uncle thank hungry -ng [ŋ] morning young wrong p [p] paper plane pig ship pen ph [f] elephant photo telephone q [k] Iraq qu - [kw] quality quite r [r] red rubber ruler PAGE 2