nullnull 学习重点:
1.不定式的形式;时态和语态
2. 用法
3. 考点null观察划线部分的特点
I asked the boy to answer my question.
Tom’s attending the meeting made everyone there very happy.
To learn maths is not easy./ It is not easy to learn maths.
Seen from the hill, the city looks very beautiful.
The girl sitting under the tree is my sister.
null非
谓
语
动
词动名词分 词不定式现在分词过去分词doingdoingdoneto donull构成:
to+ 动词原形不定式的时态和语态( do)不定式的时态和语态( do)
语态时态to doto be doneto be doingto have done
to have been done
to have been doing否定式:
在不定式前加 not
null不定式
将来表目的表某一次具体的动作1. 我有很重要的事情要告诉你。
I have something important to tell you.
2. 那个男孩喜欢玩电脑游戏。
The boy likes to play computer games.
3. 为了通过考试,我更加努力学习。
To pass the exam, I work even harder.null不定式的用法
1.学英语对于我们来说不是很难。
It is not difficult for us to learn English./ To learn English is not difficult for us.
2. 小男孩很想学英语。
The boy wanted to learn English.
3. 他的爱好是打篮球。
His hobby is to play basketball.
4. 我没有东西吃。
I have nothing to eat.
5. 为了赢得比赛,他刻苦练习。
To win the game, he works hard.
6. 我很高兴见到你。
I am very glad to see you.
7. 爸爸叫他进来。
Father asked him to come in.7135’642null一、不定式作主语
Eg. 吸这么多烟对你的身体不好。(具体)
To smoke so much is not good for you./It‘s not good for you to smoke so much.
不定式作主语表示的动作往往是具体的或一次性的动作,特别是将来的动作。常用It 作形式主语
( 注意句型: It is + adj.+ for /of sb to do sth.)
Eg. 你真好,帮助我学习英语。
It is very good of you to help with my English.
二、不定式作宾语
1.爸爸答应给我买一辆单车。
My father promised to buy a bike for me.
2.天啊! 我忘了关灯了。
Oh, My God! I forgot to turn off the light.
注意:下列动词或动词短语后接不定式:agree, seem, appear, offer, happen, wish, hope, pay, expect, long, plan, intend, promise, pretend, decide, afford, manage, choose, be said to, would like to等。
null三、不定式作宾语补足语
1.医生建议他每天锻炼身体。
The doctor advised him to take exercise.
2. 他的父母期望他上大学。
His parents expected him to go to university.
注意:用不定式作宾语补足语主要看动词
1.以下动词接不定式作宾语补足语:
advise, allow, ask, beg, cause, expect , force , get, encourage , hate, invite ,order ,oblige, wish, want, warn, remind, promise, permit, persuade, request…
2. 以下动词接动词原形作宾补:
make, let , have ,see,watch(等感官动词接动词原形作宾语补足语表示动作全过程)
Eg; 老师看着学生过马路
The teacher watched the students cross the road.
null四、不定式作定语
1.最后一个来到达的人要付账。
The last one to come pays bill.
2.下一列到站的火车是从纽约开来的。
The next train to arrive was from New York.
注意:(1)不定式作定语的位置:
(2)所表示的时间:
五、 作表语
我今天必须做的事情是打扫房间。
What I must do today is to clean the room.
2. 他的任务是送信。
His task is to send letters.
注意:不定式表示一次性的;具体的动作放在名词的后面将来null六、动词不定式作状语
1.表示目的
(1)我在存钱买电脑。
I’ll saving up to buy a computer
(2)我要把他的电话号码记下来,以防忘记
I‘ll write down his telephone number (so as) not to forget it.
2.表示结果
他的视力太差了,看不清这么小的字。
His eyesight is too poor to read such small letters.
3.表示原因(一般放在形容词后面)
我很高兴遇到你
I am very glad to meet you.
null(高考链接)
1.(09.广州一摸)On their return the father asked his son _________(explain) what he had learnt.
2.My advisor encouraged me _________(take) a summer course to improve my writing skills.( 2004. Beijing)
3.I don’t know whether you happen _________________(hear), but I’m going to study in the U.S.A this September. (2004. Liaoning).
4. The flu is believed ___________(cause) by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside the human nose and throat. (2004.shanghai)
5. He seems _______________(punish) by his teacher yesterday.(09.高考模拟)
__________(save ) the badly sick lady, the doctor had an operation on her.
He was too frightened _____ (say) anything.
The school ordered all the classroom__________
( clean ).
to explain to take to have heardto be causedto have been punishedTo saveto sayto be cleanednullExercise:
1. He is said ___________(allow) to return to his country because a new president comes into power.
2. He spoke in such a high voice _____________at the further end of the room.
3.In Australia, he made a lot of friends ________ a using practical knowledge of the English A. to play well language.
4. To play fair is as important as _________ well.
5. We agreed ________(meet) here but so far she hasn’t turned up yet.
6.Rather than ride on a crowded bus, he always prefers ________ (ride) a bicycle.
7. The boy want to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him _________ (do).
8. I’ll do whatever I can _________ my English.
9. My grandmother seems to have a lot ____________(worry) about.
10. You shouldn’t allow students __________(play) games near the classroom, for it’s too noisy.to be allowed( as )to be heardto getto playto improve to meetto ridenot to doto worry aboutto play nullI had meant _________(call) on you, but I was so busy.
12. To know what is good and ________(do) what is right are two different things.
13. You must have taken a lot of trouble _____ ___(find) this materials for us.
14. He was afraid _______(go) forwards because he was afraid of falling down.
15. I hate _____________ (hear) their complaints all day. One of these days, I will tell them what I really think.
16.The way they talked ________(settle) the problem seemed impossible.
17.He let me repeat his instructions _________(make) sure that I understood what was __________(do) after he went away.
18. Paul doesn’t have to be made ____________(learn) . He always works hard.
19.My cousin has passed the entrance examination. My family sent him an E-mail _______________(congratulate) him on his success.to callto doto findto goto have heardto settleto maketo be doneto learnto congratulatenull