华为管理模式优劣剖析

华为管理模式优劣剖析 华为成立于1988年～从事通信行业～赶上了有利的天时——通信产业正处于开始替代PC产业～成为全球经济新的龙头产业的阶段～华为面临的市场环境,地利,是一方面中国通信市场正处于高速发展时期～另一方面已占据中国市场的国际巨头如朗讯,爱立信,西门子,都是实力异常强大的跨国公司。华为的老板任正非～是如何领导这么一个无人知道的小民营企业～来打败这些国际巨头～占领中国市场的呢,在华为的成长历史中～任正非用了哪些主要的管理来管理华为,这此管理的方法有哪些好处,又遇到了哪些问题, 第一阶段,1988—1995,草创阶段 任正非带领华为以弱胜强～打败了跨国企业～占领了中国市场～华为发展为一个中型企业,销售额14亿元～员工800多人,。这一阶段充分体现了任正非对中国国情的熟悉～以及他在中国传统文化上的过人的悟性。 例如:华为的“普遍客户”原则～与客户,电信局,成立合资公司,1997年,～“人海战术”～又如华为员工能把电信管理局上上下下领导的儿女上大学、爱人去深圳看海、家里换煤气罐等所有家务事都包了～这是典型的只有在中国文化环境下才可能发生的事。任正非之所以对中国国情如此熟悉～以及对中国文化领悟如此之深～完全是由于他在青少年时代经历了中国的苦难。任正非念高中时～赶上了中国由于大跃进的失误造成的三年自然灾害～是一家人,特别是父母亲,的互相关心～相依为命～使这个家庭度过了难关～中国文化就是从家庭开始的,孝悌是为人之本,～由此～他体会到了中国文化中最独特的亲情～中国文化的 基因就这样在他的身上发芽～生长。读大学时遇上了文化大革命～开始使他洞察社会的复杂～人性的复杂～“文革使我政治上成熟起来～不再是单纯的一个书呆子”,《我的父亲母亲》,～探究复杂系统的思维方式,儒学思维,开始形成。任正非大学在重庆邮电大学学的是自然科学～但他也阅读了大量如逻辑、哲学等书籍～使他在掌握了西方的科技知识的同时～也接受了西方的不变式还原法的思维～后来进入军队～任正非在军队中搞的技术发明创造～两次填补过国家空白～说明他对西学学的是非常好的～拿现在的话说～是一个优秀的科技型人才,他所领导的集体中～战士们立三等功、二等功、集体二等功～几乎每年都大批涌出。说明任正非不仅是一个技术型人才～而且是一个有组织管理能力的管理型人才。迄今为止～世界上最有效率的组织就是军队～他在军队中学到了如何管理一个高效组织的经验。很多人认为任正非带领着华为～就象带领着一支军队.“天将降大任于斯人也～必先苦其心志,劳其筋骨,饿其体肤”,孟子的这句话再一次在任正非身上得到验证。所以他才能在创业之初就给华为定下了明确目标:发展民族工业～立足于自己科研开发～紧跟世界先进技术～目标是占领中国市场～开拓海外市场～与国外同行抗衡。在这一阶段～任正非管理华为的主要模式是所谓“三高”:高效率、高压力、高工资。其中～高工资是推动高效率、高压力的核心动力。有很多人不理解为什么很多老板对员工很小气～而任正非却如此大方。其实～这是由于任正非对人性深刻了解的结果～“有钱能使鬼推磨”～当时中国的通信市场有着巨大的空间～任正非需要他的员工去奋斗～去拼命地抢占这个空间～ 凭什么,钱。对那个年代的中国人来说～高工资确实有着巨大的吸引力～很好地帮助华为完了高速扩张的任务。我给你2万～然后你给我把放在那里的200万拿回来。这就是任正非的大气～他比其他的老板看得更加深远～所以他的成就也超出了其他人。天下没有免费的午餐。与高工资伴随而来的当然就是高效率、高压力。任正非为了贯彻高效率、高压力而提出了著名的狼文化:“企业就是要发展一批狼。狼有三大特性:一是敏锐的嗅觉～二是不屈不挠、奋不顾身的进攻精神～三是群体奋斗的意识。”任正非通过寓言式的拟人化比喻～给员工树立了一个学习的榜样——狼～这种教育员工的方法在当时的环境下起到了较好的效果。中国在文化大革命结束后～改革开放～走上市场经济～当时的中国人对如何管理好一个企业～怎么样才算是一个优秀的企业员工等问题～认识还很肤浅。其实就算到今天～中国人也未见得把这些问题弄明白了。可任正非是一个注重实际的人～要带领员工们去作战～不可能等把这些问题都搞明白了再行动～于是他用这种浅显易懂的方式来打造他的队伍～好处很明显:直观～简单～易懂。弊端也很明显～人怎么能向狼学呢,狼子野心～在中国人的心目中可是个不好的东西。从复杂系统的等级来看～人类社会比狼群社会更为复杂得多～人类的文明也远远高于狼群的“文明”。如果要求人去向狼学习～岂不是好比要求一个大学生去向小学生学习,华为的副总裁李玉琢离开华为～有一个重要的原因是他看到了狼文化的弊端～因而不能接受狼文化。其实任正非自己也很清楚狼文化的效用非常有限～所以他市场部的一线员工不能超过三年。为什么任正非喜欢用新来的 大学生,因为大学生在没踏入社会以前～头脑还比较简单～比较容易接受华为的这套理念灌输。反过来看～如果一个员工接触社会现实几年以后～华为类似狼文化这类理念已经很难在他们身上发挥作用了。为什么,因为不那么好蒙了～他已经学会在心里去算这笔帐划算还是不划算了。划算～我就听,不划算～我当然不听了。这种管理模式带来的后果是华为的人员开支成本～管理成本一直居高不下～更危险的是如果一旦市场环境恶化～例如通信产业发展减速～或者华为的扩张速度减速或停滞,这一天是必然到来的～因为全世界没有任何一家企业可以永远地扩张,～华为将无法支撑依靠高工资来凝聚员工的模式～从而导致效率低下～管理问题丛生。 第二阶段,1995—1998,基本法阶段 随着华为的扩张～人员规模的扩大～华为面临的组织管理问题越来越多,也越来越复杂, 光靠狼文化这样简单的概念已经无法解决华为面临的问题,更加不能带领华为继续扩大,例如,华为的快速扩张,导致成熟的管理干部奇缺.象原来的办事处人手少～办事处主任从机器组装、销售、检测、维护,什么都要干,干的是一个工程师的脚色.现在人员扩张很快～办事处主任必须领导大批手下人去干～干的是一个领导者的脚色.狼文化仅仅提出一个群体奋斗的意识,显然不能告诉办事处主任如何才能带好这支狼队伍,也就是如何才能当好一匹头狼. 再如,华为扩大后,上下级之间的冲突,部门之间的冲突,员工之间的冲突,都越来越多,如何来协调他们的矛盾,如何来统一他们的认识,拿现在的流行术语来说,就是如何在华为建立起自己的企业文化～包括愿景,使命,价值观等～这 显然也是狼文化回答不了的。以上原因导致了《华为基本法》的出台。《华为基本法》是人民大学一些教授以西方的企业管理理论为框架～对任正非个人的价值取向和思考结果做的一次梳理和总结。《华为基本法》曾经一度风靡全国～很多企业家都争相学习。其实～《华为基本法》的作用是被媒体的渲染夸大了～连任正非都承认《基本法》没起到很大的作用。什么原因,根据复杂第三规律,相生相克规律,～整体制约局部～目前整个中国社会的动态核心,孝、悌、仁爱,都是缺位的～作为生存于中国社会当中的华为公司,微观粒子,～当然很难建立起被中国人认同的核心价值观。例如～华为的愿景是丰富人们的沟通和生活～华为的使命是实现客户的梦想。作为华为的老板,任正非宣布华为的愿景,使命是一件容易的事情,可问题是这样的愿景和使命,会在华为员工的心中留下多深的印象呢? 也就是说,华为的员工会打心眼里相信它吗?事实上,目前中国企业的大部分员工会这样想:“这个愿景和使命是你老板的还差不得。丰富人们的沟通和生活～实现客户的梦想～跟我的愿望有什么关系,我的愿望可不是这个。”如果是在西方的企业,这种同样的愿景和使命, 为什么西方人能够接受～中国人就不行呢? 那是因为西方人到目前为止也没有抛弃掉自己的文化核心—基督教,去过美国的人就知道,美国的教堂多过银行和米铺,很多美国人从小就被父母带去教堂,接受基督教的教育和熏陶,所以西方人容易从西方的动态核心,悔罪、爱人,出发～去理解并接受 “实现客户的梦想”～就是爱人的一种方式。同理～中国人必须要从中国的动态核心,已欲立而立人～已欲达而达人——仁爱的 一种表现,出发～才能够接受及认同实现客户的梦想～也是仁爱的一种方式。可问题是目前中国的教育体制里,从小学,中学,到大学,都没有教育和熏陶中国文化的核心价值观的内容,也没有西方文化核心价值观的内容,我们只是学习了一些西方的科学技术知识,从表面看,目前的中国社会这个最大的复杂系统的阴阳五行,缺了其中的一行—火(动态核心),才会导致其他的四行出问题.再举一例～华为要求员工忠诚公司。现在很多企业老板抱怨难找到忠诚的员工～殊不知员工会这样想:“凭什么要我忠诚于你的企业,我首先得忠于我自己啊～先忠诚企业～那不是傻瓜一个,”这同样是由于中国的核心价值观缺位引起的。有句古话说“忠臣必出于孝子之门”～意思是说大凡对上级忠诚的人～在家里一定是个孝敬父母的人。孝道在今天的中国已经随风远去了～今天的中国人在精神发育、人格培养的青少年时代～大都没有体会到什么是孝、悌、仁爱～拿现代术语来说～就是一个人格不完整的人～怎么可能要求这样的人在踏上社会以后忠于企业～忠于上级～忠于顾客呢,在基本法的定稿过程中～有一个细节～充分地反映出任正非对中国文化精髓领悟之深。关于华为的“凝聚力”源泉。最初的表述是:“爱祖国、爱人民是我们凝聚力的源泉。”任正非亲自在后来加上了“爱公司、爱自己的亲人”。他解释说:“我这个人的思想是灰色的～我爱祖国、爱人民～但我也爱公司、爱自己的亲人～我对自己子女的爱～总还是胜过对一般员工的爱。这才是实事求是～实事求是才有凝聚力。公司一方面使员工的目标远大化～使员工感知他的奋斗与祖国的前途、民族的前途联系在一起的,另一方面～公司坚决反对 空洞的理想。要培养员工从小事开始关心他人～要尊敬父母～帮助弟妹～对亲人负责……实事求是合乎现阶段人们的思想水平。”首先是要学会爱自己的亲人,包括子女,然后把这种爱推广扩大到公司中的员工,然后再扩大到祖国和人民,这是典型的儒学的思维方式—推己及人(齐家---治国---平天下),这跟西方的基督教文化的思维方式是不一样的,基督教强调的爱人是要对所有的人无等差的爱～这种爱不是来源于家庭～不是父母之爱～兄弟之爱～子女之爱～而是直接听命于上帝或耶稣的教诲。实事求是就是儒学中强调的诚意精神,科学精神,.反对空洞的理想～就是反对那些无法被中国人理解、接受并执行的理想,要尊敬父母～帮助弟妹～就是儒学中的“孝悌”。为什么任正非悟到的儒学的精华,无法传递给他的员工呢?因为任正非是靠他个人的聪明及悟性,以及他过去的特殊的经历所悟到的,而他的员工在聪明及悟性上不及他,又没有类似他那样的经历,再加上从小学习的都是西方文化,当然总觉得任正非在讲 “鸟语”,听不懂,而任正非呢,总觉得员工笨得象猪一样.任正非在发现基本法不能起到它应起的作用后～被逼无奈,只好带领华为进入第三阶段. 第三阶段,1998—现在,管理西化阶段 一方面由于《基本法》达不到预期的效果～而华为的人员规模～销售额更加庞大～“华为由于短暂的成功～员工暂时的待遇比较高～就滋生了许多明哲保身的干部。他们事事请示～僵化教条地执行领导的讲话～生怕丢了自己的乌纱帽。”,任正非语,,另一方面华为开始大规模进军海外市场～试图成为一家国际化公司～所以任正非急于找到能够帮助华为提升管理能 力～培养管理人才的办法。在寻求中国的管理咨询顾问帮助失效后～任正非把目光投向了海外～耗费巨资～先后通过与包括IBM在内的世界知名企业如HAY,在人力资源管理方面,、PWC,在财物管理方面,、德国FHG,在生产管理及品质管理方面,合作～学习和引进西方企业管理模式。所谓西方企业管理的先进到底在哪里,我们中国人能不能学到手,学出来的效果又如何,让我们以IBM辅导的集成产品开发,IPD,为例来分析一下。 1998年～华为与IBM公司合作启动了“IT策略与规划,IT S&P,”项目～开始规划华为未来3-5年需要开展的业务变革和IT项目～其中包括IPD,Integrated Product Development～集成产品开发,、ISC,Integrated Supply Chain～集成供应链,、IT系统重整、财务四统一等8个项目～IPD和ISC是其中的重点。 2003年上半年～数十位IBM专家撤离华为～业务变革项目暂告一个段落。此次业务流程变革历时5年～耗资数亿元～涉及公司价值链的各个环节～是华为有史以来影响最为广泛、深远的一次管理变革。理论上～IPD能够在研发前期就避免以前需要投入市场后才会暴露的重大问题。以前华为的产品开发都在中研部(中央研究部)～现在改由PDT(产品开发团队)来承担。每个产品都有各自的PDT～每一个PDT团队由研发、市场、财务、采购、用户服务、生产等各部门抽调的代表组建～像一个个创业型小企业～从研发开始～对市场、利润、产品生命周期等全程负全部责任～共同协作完成一个产品从概念、研发～到生产、上市的全过程～从而真正实现产品研发和市场的同步进行。 华为实施IPD的效果任何呢? 一位参与华为IPD变革的华为员工说:“由于执行IPD的基层管理者还没有完全认同IPD～或者是为了维护小集体利益～造成纵横制管理带来的多头领导～产品线和资源线可能为了各自利益～对处于交汇点上的人员提出不同甚至相互矛盾的工作牵引～使得产品线人员经常感到无所适从。” 5年时间过去了。“华为聘请IBM的专家给自己的各个部门做管理评分,TPM,～以满分5分计～华为2003年的平均分只有1.8～2004年上半年才达到2.3～而2004年的目标是2.7。按照IBM的意见～一家真正管理高效的跨国公司～其TPM分值应达到3.5。另外～根据IBM专家的评测～华为人均工作效率只有国际一流公司的1/2.5。”华为副总徐直军对此结果并不满意。有熟悉任正非的人说:对于任正非来说～IPD是旗臶～不会影响华为的核心优势。他并不认为IPD能深刻改变华为～他所要求的只是有所提升。这个常常将手下煽动得无比激昂的教父式领袖～其人生基调是:灰色但不乏激情。他不会把一个事物看得很有用～也不会轻易判断为没用,不会被美好理想冲昏头脑～也不会固步自封。这一点～从外界流传的任氏系列文章中屡屡流露出的“情形不好～但没到最坏”的情绪中～可以得到印证。任正非认定的事～必定会坚持做下去。但他非常明白～华为真正的变革不是单靠外力就能够推动的～不会是突变～只能是演进。正在攀岩的任正非～绝不会在另一只脚还没踩稳之前～挪动现在赖以支撑的这只脚。 在各项业务的支撑体系上～华为真心实意地做着IPD。但在市场上～任正非带领着他依然骁勇善战的狼群～以自己的方式继续扩张。IPD顾问说要追求效率～控 制成本～但华为今年的市场投入依然是不计成本,后方的产品线改来改去～一线的办事处该怎么干还怎么干,IPD顾问说产品需要严格按照IPD模式进行规范研发～但在2001年～当某高端路由器产品出手速度落伍于竞争对手时～任正非一声令下～所有程序打乱～突击搞研发～产品得以在极短时间内铺向市场。 读到这里～读者一定会产生一个疑惑:任正非花了那么多的钱请那些大名鼎鼎的外国公司来帮华为提升管理水平～为什么在关键的部门～在关键的时刻～还是要按自己的打法来打,如果说外国公司的方法没有用的话～他又为什么要花那么多钱请他们呢,相信任正非绝不是在照顾这些公司的生意。 让我们先来分析一下IPD能否解决华为的问题.华为遇到的问题是:中研部全权负责研发～市场部门负责销售～中研部做什么～市场部门就卖什么,所以导致中研部做的产品和市场脱节,或者产生很多售后服务的问题.这个问题很好解决,就是在中研部做新产品的决策的时候,让市场部,售后服务部,或其他相关部门的人加入进来讨论,一起决策就行了.可这个看起来很容易的事情,为什么难做到呢? 因为企业都是按直线职能制设臵部门,企业的决策必然带来各部门的立场、利益冲突～所以往往由企业的最高管理层,总经理层,协调解决。当企业变大以后～每个职能部门的层级增多～从下往上信息传递效率越来越低～使得最高层的决策越来越慢～导致企业对市场的变化、客户的需求反应迟钝。 IPD的设计思想在于～通过一系列事先规定好的、流程、(人算)～将原来由企业最高层决策的事情下放到PDT,产品开发 团队,来决策。可现实情况是～无论多么详尽的事先规定～都不可能涵盖可能发生的各种情况～总有例外发生～正如中国的一句俗话:“人算不如天算”(复杂现象的因素相关是非线性的,即使对于已列出的细节,也不可能人为地算清一切)。当这种事先没有规定～或者规定得不很详细的情况发生时～就意味着要由PDT中各部门的代表来协调各部门的立场、利益冲突。IBM作为一家美国公司～所设计的流程管理也是建立在美国人的沟通协调方式之上的。美国人在沟通协调时的特点是～双方各自站在自己的立场～就事论事、直截了当、针锋相对～拒理力争～所拒的理主要是数据或事实～最终双方找到一个平衡点而相互妥协～这个平衡点也往往是用金钱来衡量。而中国人在沟通协调时往往不像美国人那样头脑简单～直率～中国人会考虑很多其他的因素～例如～会考虑我和对方的关系是很铁～还是一般～或是很僵,我所面对的是我的上级～平级～还是下级,他今天的心情是好还是坏,甚至还会考虑到在沟通现场的旁人是些什么关系的人。在“组织的内外沟通”一章有更详细的说明。总而言之～中国人要想达到良好的沟通～必须掌握更复杂的方法～即构造性整合法～对各种事实进行整合～再从整体到局部～因此必须要从儒学中去学习。由于现代中国人在西学教育中受到不变式还原法的影响～所以在沟通时常常出现误解～导致关系紧张、恶化。在实达公司的案例中～我们也可以看到这点。那么～是不是说象IPD这样的西方式的流程管理方法～中国的企业就无法学习和运用呢,绝对不是。西方的流程管理的特点是把一个企业的运作分析解剖为一个个步骤～每个步骤都有详细的规定和说明～每个步骤 的结果主要是依据客观的数据。可以这么说～西方管理的厉害之处就是程序化～明确化～精细化～然后可以从程序化～明确化中构建起庞大的企业～西方的跨国大公司都这么来的～例如麦当劳这个跨国公司～在全世界这么多店里～规定炸鸡的程序都是一样的。西方管理的优点是这个～同时缺点也是这个～程序化～明确化必然导致灵活性不够～不能很快适应外界环境的变化～也不能发挥员工的最大能力。 从儒家管理来看～中国企业完全可以引进IPD～学习它的程序化～明确化～精细化～但是～要运用好IPD的前提是企业要培养出一批通才型的管理干部～只有通才型的人才才不会只是站在本部门立场考虑问题,已欲立而立人～已欲达而达人～己所不欲～勿施于人,～那恰好是专业型人才最喜欢做的～只有通才型人才才会站在全局的角度考虑～才能整合及协调各部门的利益冲突～从而提高决策效率～而儒学恰好是培养通才型人才的学问。 任正非花那么大的价钱来学习西方企业的管理模式～实是出于无奈。他在《不做昙花一现的英雄》中写道: “中国五千年来就没有产生过象美国IBM、朗讯、惠普、微软等这样的大企业。因此中国的管理体系和管理规则及适应这种管理的人才的心理素质和技术素质～都不足以支撑中国产生一个大产业。我们只有靠自己进步～否则一点希望都没有了～这种摸石头过河的方法的艰难与痛苦可想而之。” 任正非清楚地知道华为公司的人均效益和西方公司比较至少要低三倍以上,那么如何提高华为的管理能力和竞争能力呢?中国既然没有这样的管理方法,那只有向西方学习了.任先生的这种看法只对了 一半,以前的中国确实没有能够支撑中国产生一个大产业的一套中国的管理体系和管理规则.但现在不同了,我们正在整理和创建的儒家管理学,就正是能够支撑中国产生一个大产业的中国的管理体系和管理规则,同时也能够培养适应这种管理的人才. 儒家管理学之所以有这么强大的功能,内因是中国文化自身蕴涵着强大的生命力,外因是近代以来西方对中国的挑战使中国遇到了空前的危机,中国文化被打入谷底,经过了100多年的调整, 中国文化自身蕴涵着强大的生命力使它死而复生,重新焕发出巨大的生机.华为正在艰难地杀进欧美市场～华为的国际竞争对手们仍然比华为强大很多～为着跟国外竞争对手抗衡～为着打造一个百年华为～为着实现任正非振兴民族工业的梦想计～任正非应当像他在创业的第一阶段那样～再继续从儒学中吸取更多的资源或营养～具体做法可以参照上面的TCL案例分析。这里试举一例来说明。 据说任正非喜欢骂人。原因～把自己当成华为的大家长。可由于没有正名～所以部下不能接受～如果任正非给华为正名:华为公司是华为人的家～那么这个家的家长当然就是任正非了。而作为一个家长—父亲～当他认为儿子犯错误的时候～骂一骂自己的儿子～哪怕骂的地方和方式不怎么对～中国人也是比较容易理解和接受的。当然～这不是说任正非骂人就是一种好的管理方式。任正非骂人是由于对构造性整合法掌握得不够～构造性整合法的第一步就是对事实求同存异～而任正非却要以自己的水平来衡量和要求他的部下～这就不是存异了。人是个复杂系统～不会象电脑那样～你要它干啥就干啥～因此对人的管 理一定要求同存异～然后就是“进行整合”～对不同的人才～要有不同的方式去管理,整合的方式不一样,～例如李玉琢是一个比较优秀的通才型的管理人才～可是任正非却没能留住他～根本原因还是任正非对李玉琢的思想～情绪把握不住～不了解李玉琢真正想要的是什么～也就是说对事物的敏锐程度不够～俗话说就是修养(道行)还不够,构造性整合法思维有待加强,～因此无法整合更多～更优秀的人才进来～一起打造华为。 ,英文版 , Two regulations promulgated for implementation is in the party in power for a long time and the rule of law conditions, the implementation of comprehensive strictly strategic plan, implementation in accordance with the rules and discipline to manage the party, strengthen inner-party supervision of major initiatives. The two regulations supporting each other, the < code > adhere to a positive advocate, focusing on morality is of Party members and Party leading cadres can see, enough to get a high standard; < rule > around the party discipline, disciplinary ruler requirements, listed as "negative list, focusing on vertical gauge, draw the party organizations and Party members do not touch the" bottom line ". Here, the main from four square face two party rules of interpretation: the first part introduces two party Revised regulations the necessity and the revision process; the second part is the interpretation of the two fundamental principles of the revision of laws and regulations in the party; the third part introduces two party regulations modified the main changes and needs to grasp several key problems; the fourth part on how to grasp the implementation of the two regulations of the party. < code > and < Regulations > revised the necessity and revised history of the CPC Central Committee the amendment to the Chinese Communist Party members and leading cadres honest politics several guidelines > and < Chinese Communist Party discipline and Punishment Regulations > column 1 by 2015 to strengthen party laws and regulations focus. Two party regulations revision work lasted a Years, pooling the wisdom of the whole party, ideological consensus, draw historical experience, respect for the wisdom of our predecessors, which reflects the unity of inheritance and innovation; follow the correct direction, grasp the limited goals, adhere to the party's leadership, to solve the masses of the people reflect a focus on the problem. The new revision of the < code > and < rule >, reflects the party's 18 and the eighth session of the third, the spirit of the fourth plenary session, reflecting the experience of studying and implementing the General Secretary Xi Jinping series of important speech, reflects the party's eighteen years comprehensive strictly practice. (a) revised two regulations of the party need of < the ICAC guidelines > in < in 1997 Leaders as members of the Communist Party of China clean politics certain criteria (Trial) > based on revised, the promulgation and implementation of January 2010, to strengthen the construction of the contingent of leading cadres play an important role. But with the party to manage the party strictly administering the deepening, has not been able to fully meet the actual needs. Content is too complicated, "eight prohibition, 52 are not allowed to" hard to remember, and also difficult to put into practice; the second is concisely positive advocated by the lack of prohibited provisions excessive, no autonomy requirements; the third is banned terms and discipline law, both with the party discipline, disciplinary regulations repeat and Criminal law and other laws and regulations repeat; the fourth is to "clean" the theme is not prominent, not for the existing problems, and is narrow, only needle of county-level leading cadres above. < rule > is in 1997 < Chinese Communist Party disciplinary cases (Trial) > based on revision, in December 2003 the promulgation and implementation, to strengthen the construction of the party play very important role. Along with the development of the situation, which many provisions have been unable to fully meet the comprehensive strictly administering the practice needs. One is Ji law, more than half of the provisions and criminal law and other countries laws and regulations Repetition; two is the political discipline regulations is not prominent, not specific, for violation of the party constitution, damage the authority of Party Constitution of misconduct lack necessary and serious responsibility to pursue; third is the main discipline for the leading cadres, does not cover all Party members. Based on the above situation, need to < the criterion of a clean and honest administration > and < rule > the two is likely to be more relevant regulations first amendment. By revising, really put the authority of Party discipline, the seriousness in the party tree and call up the majority of Party members and cadres of the party constitution of party compasses party consciousness. (II) two party regulations revision process the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China attaches great importance to two regulations revision . Xi Jinping, general books recorded in the Fifth Plenary Session of the eighth session of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, on the revised regulations < > made clear instructions. According to the central deployment, the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection from 2014 under six months begin study two regulations revision. The Standing Committee of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection 4 review revised. Comrade Wang Qishan 14 times held a special meeting to study two regulations revision, amendment clarifies the direction, major issues of principle, path and target, respectively held a forum will listen to part of the province (area) secretary of the Party committee, Secretary of the Discipline Inspection Commission, part of the central ministries and state organs Department The first party committee is mainly responsible for people, views of experts and scholars and grassroots party organizations and Party members. Approved by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, on 7 September 2015, the general office of the Central Committee of the Party issued a notice to solicit the provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities) Party, the central ministries and commissions, state ministries and commissions of the Party (party), the General Political Department of the military, every 3 people organization of Party of two regulations revision opinion. Central Commission for Discipline Inspection of extensive solicitation of opinions, careful study, attracting, formed a revised sent reviewers. In October 8 and October 12, Central Committee Political Bureau Standing Committee and the Political Bureau of the Central Committee After consideration of the two regulations revised draft. On October 18, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China formally issued two regulations. Can say, two laws amendment concentrated the wisdom of the whole party, embodies the party. Second, < code > and < Regulations > revision of the basic principles of two party regulations revision work and implement the party's eighteen, ten eight plenary, the spirit of the Fourth Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee and General Secretary Xi Jinping important instructions on the revised < low political criterion > and < Regulations >, highlighting the ruling party characteristics, serious discipline, the discipline quite in front of the law, based on the current, a long-term, advance as a whole, with Bu Xiuding independent < rule > and < rule >. Main principle is: first, adhere to the party constitution to follow. The constitution about discipline and self-discipline required specific, awaken the party constitution of party compasses party consciousness, maintaining the authority of the constitution. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that "no rules, no side round. Party constitution is the fundamental law, the party must follow the general rules. In early 2015 held the eighth session of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection Fifth Plenary Session of the 16th Central Committee, Xi Jinping again pointed out that constitution is the party must follow the general rules, but also the general rules." the revision of the < code > and < rule > is Method in adhere to the regulations established for the purpose of combining rule of virtue is to adhere to the party constitution as a fundamental to follow, the constitution authority set up, wake up the party constitution and party rules the sense of discipline, the party constitution about discipline and self-discipline specific requirements. 4 second is to adhere to in accordance with the regulations governing the party and the party. The Party of rule of virtue "de", mainly refers to the party's ideals and beliefs, excellent traditional style. The revised the < code > closely linked to the "self-discipline", insisting on the positive initiative, for all members, highlight the "vital few", emphasized self-discipline, focusing on the morality, and the majority of Party members and the ideological and moral standards. The revised < > Ji method separately, Ji, Ji Yan to Method, as a "negative list", emphasizing the heteronomy, focusing on vertical gauge. Is this one high and one low, a positive reaction, the strict party discipline and practice results transformation for the integration of the whole party to observe moral and discipline requirements, for the majority of Party members and cadres provides benchmarking and ruler. Third, insist on to. In view of the problems existing in the party at the present stage, the main problems of Party members and cadres in the aspect of self-discipline and abide by the discipline to make clearly defined, especially the party's eighteen years strict political discipline and political rules, organization and discipline and to implement the central eight provisions of the spirit against the four winds and other requirements into Disciplinary provisions. Not one pace reachs the designated position, focusing on in line with reality, pragmatic and effective. After the revision of major changes, major changes in the < code > and < rule > modified and needs to grasp several key problems (a) < code > < code > adhere to according to regulations governing the party and party with morals in combination, for at the present stage, the leadership of the party members and cadres and Party members in existing main problems of self-discipline, put forward principles, requirements and specifications, showing Communists noble moral pursuit, reflected at all times and in all over the world ethics from high from low 5 common requirements. One is closely linked to the "self-discipline", removal and no direct relation to the provisions of . the second is adhere to a positive advocate, "eight prohibition" 52 are not allowed to "about the content of the" negative list moved into synchronization amendment < cases >. Three is for all the party members, will apply object from the leadership of the party members and cadres to expand to all Party members, fully embodies the comprehensive strictly required. The fourth is prominent key minority, seize the leadership of the party members and cadres is the key, and put forward higher requirements than the ordinary Party members. Five is to simplify, and strive to achieve concise, easy to understand, easy to remember. The revised < code > is the ruling Party since the first insists on a positive advocate forAll Party members and the self-discipline norms, moral declaration issued to all members of the party and the National People's solemn commitment. > < criterion of a clean and honest administration consists of 4 parts, 18, more than 3600 words. After the revision of the < code >, a total of eight, 281 words, including lead, specification and Party member cadre clean fingered self-discipline norms, etc. Part 3 members low-cost clean and self-discipline, the main contents can be summarized as "four must" "eight code". Lead part, reiterated on ideal and faith, fundamental purpose, the fine traditions and work style, noble sentiments, such as "four must" the principle of requirements, strong tone of self-discipline, The higher request for 6 and supervised tenet, the foothold in permanent Bao the party's advanced nature and purity, to reflect the revised standards requirements. Members of self-discipline norms around the party members how to correctly treat and deal with the "public and private", "cheap and rot" thrifty and extravagance "bitter music", put forward the "four norms". Party leader cadre clean fingered self-discipline norms for the leadership of the party members and cadres of the "vital few", around the "clean politics", from civil servant of the color, the exercise of power, moral integrity, a good family tradition and other aspects of the leadership of the party members and cadres of the "four norms" < > < norm norm. "The Party member's self-discipline norms" and "party members and leading cadre clean fingered self-discipline norms," a total of eight, collectively referred to as the "eight". "Four must" and "eight" of the content from the party constitution and Party's several generation of leaders, especially Xi Jinping, general secretary of the important discussion, refer to the "three discipline and eight points for attention" statements, and reference some embody the Chinese nation excellent traditional culture essence of epigrams. (2) the revised regulations, the main changes in the revised Regulations > to fully adapt to the strictly requirements, reflects the according to the regulations governing the law of recognition of deepening, the realization of the discipline construction and Jin Ju. < rule > is party a ruler, members of the basic line and follow. And the majority of Party members and cadres of Party organizations at all levels should adhere to the bottom line of thinking, fear discipline, hold the bottom line, as a preventive measure, to keep the party's advanced nature and purity. 1, respect for the constitution, refinement and discipline. Revised < rule > from comprehensive comb physical constitution began, the party constitution and other regulations of the Party of Party organizations and Party discipline requirements refinement, clearly defined in violation of the party constitution will be in accordance with regulations to give the corresponding disciplinary action. The original 10 categories of misconduct, integration specification for political discipline, discipline, honesty and discipline masses Ji Law and discipline and discipline and other six categories, the content of < rule > real return to Party discipline, for the majority of Party members and listed a "negative list. 7 2, highlighting the political discipline and political rules. > < Regulations according to the stage of the discipline of outstanding performance, emphasizing political discipline and political rules, organization and discipline, in opposition to the party's leadership and the party's basic theory, basic line, basic program and basic experience, the basic requirement of behavior made prescribed punishment, increase the cliques, against the organization such as violation of the provisions, to ensure that the central government decrees and the Party of centralized and unified. 3, adhere to strict discipline in the law and discipline In front, Ji separated. Revised < Regulations > adhere to the problem oriented, do Ji separated. Any national law existing content, will not repeat the provisions, the total removal of 79 and criminal law, repeat the content of the public security management punishment law, and other laws and regulations. In the general reiterated that party organizations and Party members must conscientiously accept the party's discipline, die van comply with national laws and regulations; at the same time, to investigate violations of Party members and even criminal behavior of Party discipline and responsibility, > < Regulations distinguish five different conditions, with special provisions were made provisions, so as to realize the connection of Party discipline and state law. 4, reflect Wind building and anti-corruption struggle of the latest achievements. < rule > the party's eighteen years implement the spirit of the central provisions of the eight, against the requirements of the "four winds" and transformation for disciplinary provisions, reflecting the style construction is always on the road, not a gust of wind. In the fight against corruption out of new problems, increase the trading rights, the use of authority relatives profit and other disciplinary terms. Prominent discipline of the masses, the new against the interests of the masses and ignore the demands of the masses and other disciplinary terms and make provisions of the disposition and the destruction of the party's close ties with the masses. Discipline to protect the party's purpose. 8 of these regulations, a total of three series, Chapter 15, 178, more than 24000 words, after the revision of the regulations a total of 3 series, Chapter 11, 133, 17000 words, divided into "general" and "special provisions" and "Supplementary Provisions" Part 3. Among them, add, delete, modify the provisions of the proportion of up to nearly 90%. 1, the general general is divided into five chapters. The first chapter to the regulations of the guiding ideology, principles and scope of application of the provisions, highlight the strengthening of the party constitution consciousness, maintenance the authority of Party Constitution, increase the party organizations and Party members must abide by the party constitution, Yan Centralized centralized, would examine at all levels of the amended provisions implementing and maintaining Party discipline, and consciously accept the party discipline, exemplary compliance with national laws and regulations. The second chapter of discipline concept, disciplinary action types and effects of the regulations, will be a serious warning from the original a year for a year and a half; increase the Party Congress representative, by leaving the party above (including leave probation) punishment, the party organization should be terminated its representative qualification provisions. The third chapter of the disciplinary rules of use prescribed in the discipline rectifying process, non convergence, not close hand classified as severely or heavier punishment. "Discipline straighten "At least eighteen years of five years, these five years is to pay close attention to the provisions of the central eight implementation and anti -" four winds ". The fourth chapter on suspicion of illegal party disciplinary distinguish five different conditions, with special provisions were made provisions, to achieve effective convergence of Party and country 9 method. < rule > the provisions of Article 27, Party organizations in the disciplinary review found that party members have committed embezzlement, bribery, dereliction of duty dereliction of duty and other criminal law act is suspected of committing a crime shall give cancel party posts, probation or expelled from the party. The second is < Regulations > Article 28 the provisions of Party organizations in the disciplinary review But found that party members are stipulated in the criminal law, although not involved in a crime shall be investigated for Party discipline and responsibility should be depending on the specific circumstances shall be given a warning until expelled punishment. This situation and a difference is that the former regulation behavior has been suspected of a crime, the feeling is quite strict, and the latter for the behavior not involving crime, only the objective performance of the provisions of the criminal code of behavior, but the plot is a crime to slightly. < Regulations > the 29 provisions, Party organizations in the discipline review found that party members and other illegal behavior, affect the party's image, the damage to the party, the state and the people's interests, we should depend on the situation Seriousness given disciplinary action. The loss of Party members, seriously damaging the party's image of behavior, should be given expelled from the party. At this article is party member is in violation of the criminal law outside the other illegal acts, such as violates the public security administration punishment law, customs law, financial laws and regulations behavior. The fourth is < cases > Article 32 stipulates, minor party members and the circumstances of the crime, the people's Procuratorate shall make a decision not to initiate a prosecution, or the people's court shall make a conviction and exempted from criminal punishment shall be given within the party is removed from his post, probation or expelled from the party. Party members and crime, sheets were fined in accordance with For acts; the principal Ordinance amended the provisions of the preceding paragraph. This is the new content, in order to achieve Ji method effective convergence. Five is < > the thirty third article 10 of the provisions, the Party member due to an intentional crime is sentenced to criminal law (including probation) sheets or additional deprivation of political rights; due to negligence crime and was sentenced to three years or more (excluding three years) a penalty, shall give expelled punishment. Due to negligence crime is convicted and sentenced to three years (including three years) in prison or be sentenced to public surveillance, detention, shall in general be expelled from the party. For the individual may not be expelled from the party, should control Approval. This is followed and retained the original > < Regulations the provisions of punishment party authorization rules and report to a level party organizations. For is "party members with criminal acts, and by the criminal punishment, generally should be expelled from the party". The fifth chapter of probationary Party member of the discipline and discipline after missing members of the treatment and punishment decisions, such as the implementation of the provisions, clear the related party discipline and punishment decision made after, for duties, wages and other relevant alteration formalities for the longest time. 2, sub sub section will the original regulations of 10 categories of acts of violation of discipline integration revised into 6 categories, respectively, in violation of the punishments for acts of political discipline "in violation of discipline behavior of punishment" in violation of integrity of disciplinary action points "of violation punishments for acts of mass discipline" "the violation of work discipline, punishment" in violation of discipline of life behavior punishment "6 chapters. 3, annex" Supplementary Provisions "clear authority making supplementary provisions of, cases of interpretative organ, as well as regulations implementation time and retroactivity etc.. 11 (3) learning understanding > < regulations needs to grasp several key problems The first problem -- about the violation of political discipline behavior > < new ordinance chapter 6 the political discipline column for the six disciplines, that is the main opposition to Party leadership and the opposition of the basic theory, basic line, basic program and basic experience, basic requirements of misconduct made provisions of the disposition, especially the eighteen since the CPC Central Committee put forward the Yan Mingzheng treatment of discipline and political rules requirements and practical achievements transformation for Discipline article, increase the false debate central policies, cliques, against the organization review, make no discipline of the principle of harmony terms. These are the party's eighteen years in comprehensive strictly Process combined with the practice of rich content. (1) false debate the central policies and undermine the Party of centralized and unified the problem is made in accordance with the provisions of the party constitution. Constitution in general programme requirements adhere to democratic centralism is one of the requirements of the construction of the party must adhere to the four cardinal. Application of this principle is not only the party the basic organization principle and is also the mass line in party life, it requires that we must fully develop inner-party democracy, respect for the dominant position of Party members, safeguarding the Party member democratic rights, give full play to the enthusiasm and creativity of the party organizations at all levels and Party members, at the same time, also must implement the right concentration, ensure the party's mission < the chaos in unity and concerted action to ensure that the party's decision to get quickly and effectively implementing. The Party Central Committee formulated the major principles and policies, through different channels and ways, fully listen to the party organizations and Party members of the opinions and suggestions, but 12 is some people face to face not to say back blather "" will not say, after the meeting said, "" Taiwan does not say, and nonsense ", in fact, not only disrupt the people thought, some causing serious consequences, the damage to the Party of the centralized and unified, hinder the central policy implementation, but also a serious violation of the democratic system of principles. There is no doubt that shall, in accordance with the Regulations > 4 Specified in Article 6 to give the appropriate punishment. For did not cause serious consequences, to give criticism and education or the corresponding tissue processing. (2) about the destruction of the party's unity < New Regulations > the forty eighth to fifty second article, to damage Party's unity unified and violation of political discipline, punishment situation made explicit provisions. Article 52 of the new "in the party get round group, gangs seek private gain, cliques, cultivate private forces or through the exchange of interests, for their own to create momentum and other activities to gain political capital, given a serious warning or withdraw from their party posts disposition; if the circumstances are serious, to give Leave a party to observation or expelled from the party. (3) on against the organization review of the provisions of the constitution, party loyalty honesty is party members must comply with the obligations. Members must obey the organization decision, shall not violate the organization decided encounters by asking questions to find organization, rely on the organization, shall not deceive the organization, against the organization. For example, after the investigation does not take the initiative to explain the situation, but to engage in offensive and defensive alliance, hiding the stolen money is against survey organization, is a violation of the behavior of political discipline. Article 24 of the original > < Regulations, although the provisions of the interference, hinder group review the behavior of the fabric can be severely or 13 Aggravated punishment, but did not put this kind of behavior alone as a discipline for qualitative amount of discipline. > < new regulations increase the Article 57, "anti organization review, one of the following acts, given a warning or serious warning; if the circumstances are relatively serious, giving removed from or placed on probation within the party post; if the circumstances are serious, give expelled from the party: (a) on supply or forged, destroyed, transfer, conceal evidence; (II) to prevent others expose, providing evidence Material; (III) harboring co personnel; (4) to the organization to provide false information, to hide the fact; (5) the him against the acts of the organization review. "< rule > add this clause to the Constitution requires more specific, the previous no punishment in accordance with the definite list and put forward clear punishment in accordance with. (4) about organizing or participating in superstitious activities as < Regulations > about engage in activities of feudal superstition obstruction of social management order" violations of Article 164 the provisions, but according to the original < rule > only in disrupting production, work, social life order The case to be disciplinary treatment, in other words, alone make the feudal superstition, organize or participate in the activities of feudal superstition of, does not constitute a violation. Which is not consistent with the requirements of our party's political party. > < new regulations in this change is, superstitious activities on the political discipline, increase the Article 58, is the organization of Party members, in superstitious activities included in violation of the negative list of political discipline deserves punishment, which and Party members should adhere to the correct political principle, political standpoint and viewpoint is consistent. 14 the second question about organization and discipline violation behavior of democratic centralism is our The party's fundamental organizational system. < New Regulations > Chapter 7 "in violation of the behavior of organizational discipline punishment" mainly for violation of democratic centralism, contrary to the "four obey the discipline behavior for source classification rules. Increased not in accordance with the relevant provisions or requirements to the organization for instructions to report on major issues; do not report truthfully report about personal matters; falsify personal archives; hide before joining the party serious mistakes; leading cadres in violation of the relevant provisions of the organization, will participate in the spontaneous formation of the old Xiang, Alumni Association, comrades in arms; to obtain illegal country residence abroad or foreign nationality, illegal for private frontier Documents such as discipline terms. (1) on the report truthfully report personal matters in 2010 the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China office, office of the State Council introduced < provisions on issues related to the leading cadres to report personal >, is clear about the request, deputy division level and above leading cadres should truthfully report changes in my marriage and spouse, children, moved to the country (territory), practitioners, income, real estate, investment and other matters, for failing to report, do not report, concealed and unreported, according to the seriousness of the case, giving criticism and education, and to make a correction within a time limit, shall be ordered to make a check, the commandment Jiemian conversation, informed criticism or jobs, free Post processing, constitute violations, in accordance with the relevant provisions shall be given a disciplinary sanction. But since the original < Regulations > and there is no corresponding specific terms, the violation of the regulations, do not report, as a false report about personal matters, there is no corresponding disciplinary action terms, in practice it is difficult to operate. In this regard, in order to solve is not reported, as a false report about personal matters 15 asked censure, the new < Regulations > add the Article 67 of violation of personal matters related to reporting requirements, report truthfully report the clear punishment basis, making this kind of violation behavior is no longer free drilling for Exhibition on matters of personal checks to verify and supervision of cadres, discipline review provides a powerful discipline guarantee. (2) about the illegal organization, to fellow, alumni, friends of the war will < regulations stipulated in Article 68 of >, leading cadres of the party in violation of relevant provisions of the organization, will participate in the spontaneous formation of fellow, Alumni Association, comrade in arms to give the punishment according to the seriousness of the case. Here special needs note is three points: this provision for only the leading cadres ", reflecting the high requirements of leading cadres; second violation in 2002, the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, the central Organization Department and the The relevant provisions of the General Political Department jointly issued the < off in leading cadres not to participate in the initiative to set up "the villagers would be" alumni "" comrades in arms organization notice >. That is to say, to the spontaneous formation of fellow, Alumni Association, comrades in arms will constitute the premise of discipline is a violation of the provisions of this. The notification specified, leading cadres are not allowed to participate in the spontaneous incorporation of fellow, alumni, between comrades association would like the organization and shall not bear the sorority Human and the organizer shall not hold the corresponding position in the sorority; shall not borrow machine woven "network" and engage in kiss sparsely, round and round the gangs, but not "align" "Jieyi Gold Orchid" behavior. The third is to emphasize here that shall be organized to participate in the initiative to set up the villager, Alumni Association, comrades in arms. The so-called 16 spontaneous was established mainly means without registration. Therefore, Party members include leading cadres in the normal range of fellow, alumni, comrades in the party is not a violation of the rules of Party discipline. The three problem about integrity violations discipline Lian Jie discipline has been eighteen years clean government and anti The focus of the work of corruption. This Ordinance to amend, honesty and discipline this biggest adjustment, the new content, most of which prescribed by the original < criterion of a clean and honest administration > 8 ban and 52 are not allowed into the basic this part. (1) the central eight provisions of the spirit and requirements into < New > in the regulations of the party's eighteen years, central resolutely implement the provisions of the eight and pay close attention to the node and intensive briefing, on public funds, private bus, public funds tourism, gifts of public funds, the big parade and lavish weddings and festive, illegal payment allowances and subsidies, illegal construction of buildings such as the original masses reflects the relatively strong, "four winds" problem of the Resolute rectification. But original < Regulations > to eat and drink, super standard reception and no clear and specific expression, new < rule > will implement eight Central provisions of the spirit of the problem increased to "clean cheap self-discipline" chapter, clear to exceed the standard, beyond the scope of the reception or borrow machine eating and drinking etc. some in violation of the provisions of the spirit of the eight central relevant persons responsible for punishment, once the violation will be according to the < rule > severely punished, binding, enhanced significantly. One is to add Article 87, about to obtain illegal, hold, and the actual use of the sports card, golf ball cards and other consumer card. Illegal access to private clubs made the punishment provisions. The second is increase the Article 97, has made provisions of the disposition of illegal self pay or 17 spamming allowances, subsidies and bonuses. The third is added to the Article 99, on violation of super standard, beyond the scope of the reception or borrow machine eat and drink to make the provisions of punishment. The fourth is to increase the Article 101, on the management of conference activities in violation of the provisions made sanctions regulations. The fifth is the increased Article 102, for violation of office space management provisions made the punishment provisions. Six is to split the original < rule > Article 78, formed article 98, Article 100 of public Models of tourism, violate the provisions on the administration of the use of discipline of the bus through the list of made a more detailed provisions, apply more operational. Seven is increased the article 96, in violation of the relevant provisions of the, to participate in public funds to pay for dinner, high consumption of entertainment, fitness activities and public funds to buy gift, send gifts to make the provisions of the disposition. On the violation of the central provisions of the spirit of the eight, in addition to > < new regulations into "violation of honesty and self-discipline" misconduct outside, is different with the original < Regulations >, revised < rule > clearly defined not only to disposition of the directly responsible persons, but also dispose of collar Guide responsibilities. (2) increased trading rights, use of authority or position influence as relatives and close to profit violation of the terms of the < New Regulations > absorption < clean politics several guidelines > the relevant provisions spirit, increase the "negative list, including trading rights, the functions and powers or duties of influence as relatives and staff around profit. Increase Article 81" mutual use of office or authority ring for each other and their spouses, children and their spouses and other relatives, around 18 personnel and other specific relationship between the people to seek benefits engage in trading rights, given a warning or serious warning Sanctions; if the circumstances are relatively serious, giving removed from or placed on probation within the party post; if the circumstances are serious, shall be expelled from the party. Increase Article 82 "connivance, acquiescence to the spouse, children and spouse etc. relatives and staff around the effect of Party members and cadres personal authority or position for personal gain, if the circumstances are relatively minor, given a warning or a serious warning; if the circumstances are relatively serious, giving removed from or placed on probation within the party post; if the circumstances are serious, the given Expelled from the party. Party members and cadres of the spouses, children and their spouses does the actual work and get salary or although the actual work but to receive significantly beyond the same rank salary standard, Party members and cadres informed fails to correct, in accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraph. "(3) about the gifts, gifts misconduct from handling practices in recent years, engaged in official cadres received gifts, gifts problems more prominent. This has seriously affected the image of Party members and cadres, damaged the relations between the party and the masses, and is a hotbed of corruption, is really necessary for this kind of behavior to be disciplined. < rule > no on accepting gifts, gifts, Card consumption behavior to engage in simple "one size fits all", but the difference between the different separately. One is in accordance with the provisions of Article 83, accepting may affect the impartial enforcement of the official gifts, gifts, consumer cards to depending on the seriousness of the case shall be given disciplinary sanctions. That is to say, for may affect the fair execution of business gifts, gifts, consumer cards are not allowed to accept. 19 is in accordance with the provisions of Article 83, accepting was significantly higher than normal ceremony is still exchanges of gifts, gifts, consumer card to disciplinary action. This is new regulations that daily life is purely reciprocity, accepting the same thing, boys , fellow friends gifts, gifts, shopping cards, although and fair execution of business has nothing to do, also want to as the case shall be dealt with, the situation is obviously beyond normal reciprocity ". The so-called" reciprocity ", one is emphasizes the reciprocal in protocol. In other words is you to me how, I to you how, not only does not go. The second is to significantly exceeded the normal local economy level, customs and habits, economic capacity of individual gifts, gift value. Specific sanctions to according to the processing of a variety of factors to consider, as appropriate. The third is the root according to the provisions of Article 84," to Engaged in public service personnel and their spouses and children, children's spouses and other relatives and other specific relationship presented Ming Xianchao normal reciprocity of gifts, gifts, consumer card, if the circumstances are relatively serious, given a warning until probation. "In accordance with the above provisions, gift giving significantly beyond the normal reciprocity, giver constitute the discipline. (4) on illegal trading of stocks or of other regulations of securities investment < > Article 88 is engaged in punishment regulation of camp and activity in violation of the relevant provisions on. Among them, 3 will" buying and selling stocks or in other securities investment "column as one of disciplinary cases Out. First need to be clear, > < regulations did not change the provisions of the Ordinance. The ordinance of the provisions of the second paragraph of Article 77 provisions "who, in violation of the provisions of the sale of stocks" is one of the violation, and at the beginning of the first paragraph of this article "violation of 20 against the relevant provisions of the" textual representation of the repeat revision. In, just from the legislative technique removed the "personal" in violation of the provisions, content and not to change the original provisions. Need to clear is, "buy or sell a stock or of other securities investment" refers to violation of the relevant provisions refers to in April 2001, the Party Central Committee, the State Council promulgated the On the work of the party and government organs staff's personal investment in securities if dry provisions >. According to the provisions of Article 3, use of work time, office facilities, the sale of stocks and securities investment fund belongs to illegal behavior. The fourth question, about the violation of the masses of the disciplinary actions < new regulations > would violate public discipline behavior of a single set of a class of restored "three rules of discipline and eight note" in the discipline of the masses of excellent traditional. < New Regulations > Chapter 9 "to violate the masses of disciplinary action", mainly the destruction of the party's close ties with the masses of misconduct made provisions on disciplinary; enrich and perfect the super standard, beyond the scope of Xiang Qun < All to raise fund and labor, in for involving the public affairs deliberately, chinakayao, in social security, policy support, disaster relief funds and materials and other matters assigned any kind and affectionate friends, obviously unfair acts against the interests of the masses of the disciplinary terms; increase the terms not in accordance with the provisions of the public party provided, government, factory and village (neighborhood) provided etc. violation of the people's right to know the behavior of the discipline. The fifth issue, on the violation of work discipline violation of work discipline added "negative list, including Party organizations carry out strictly Main responsibility for poor discipline terms. (1) the new party organization comprehensive strictly the main responsibility of the party does not fulfill the 21 or perform poor disciplinary terms < New Regulations > has a lead people to pay attention to the new terms, that is, in chapter ten "on the violation of work discipline behavior punishment" increase in the one hundred and fourteenth "party fail to perform comprehensive strictly the main responsibility of the party or to perform comprehensive strictly the main responsibility for administering the ineffective, resulting in serious damage or serious adverse effects, to the person directly responsible and the responsibility of leadership and give a warning or serious warning. The situation is serious, giving removed from their party posts or on probation Punishment. "Here the changes. For the first time, the main responsibility write < rule >. (2) new shall report does not report or false reporting discipline shall increase the 117 bar" in the higher level units to check to inspect the work or report to the parent unit, work report of shall report the matters do not report or do not report, cause serious damage or serious adverse effects of, to the person directly responsible and the responsibility of leadership, to give warning or a serious warning; if the circumstances are serious, giving removed from their party posts or placed on probation. "For example, during the tour visits to the region, the unit Members the obligation to the inspection teams to reflect the true situation, to conceal not reported or intentionally to the inspection teams to provide false information, causing serious damage or serious adverse effects of, the person directly responsible and the responsibility of leadership should be in accordance with the provisions of < rule > Article 117 to give the appropriate punishment. (3) the new not granted in accordance with the provisions of punishment, not according to the provisions of the implementation of disciplinary measures 22 violation of the provisions of Article 115 "Party organizations have one of the following circumstances, the direct leadership responsibility. Probation: members were sentenced punished, in accordance with the provisions give disciplinary action or in violation of state law Rules of behavior should be given disciplinary punishment and dispose of; disciplinary punishment by decision or complaint review the decision made, not in accordance with the provisions of the implementation decisions on punishment of the party, position, rank, and the treatment of the matters; Party members subject to disciplinary action, not in accordance with the cadre management authority and organizational relationships of by dispose of Party members to carry out education and supervision of daily management. "What needs to be pointed out is," cliff "demoted with cars, housing, secretary problem, implementation is not a discipline and party posts and ranks treatment by the organization department is responsible for the implementation, with cars, housing by the logistics department is responsible for the implementation of, Ji Commission responsible oversight responsibilities. The six questions, about the acts violating the discipline of life "in violation of discipline of life behavior punishment", mainly to "four winds" problems and a serious violation of social morality, family virtue acts of misconduct made provisions on disciplinary, an increase of extravagant life, contrary to the social public order and good customs disciplinary terms. Worth mentioning is, > < Regulations in Article 150 about "adultery" "mistress (Cardiff) formulation in the new < rule > is removed, to expand the scope of Article 127 provisions" and others hair improper sexual relations, let face disciplinary action Wider more strict. Four, and earnestly do a good job in the < code > and < rule > implement system of life lies in execution. < code > and < Regulations > is 23 Party organizations at all levels of a strong constraint and all Party members follow. Learning and implementing the < code > and < rule > is party committees (party), commission for discipline, discipline inspection group), the majority of Party members and cadres of the common responsibility, must party caught together, the party one execution. () Party committees (party) and play and implement comprehensive strictly the main responsibility, pays special attention to the two party regulations learning cross penetration. One is to Adhere to the party constitution is fundamental to follow, and resolutely safeguard the authority of the Party Chapter. The second is to adhere to the problem oriented, to strictly political discipline and political rule moments in the first place. The third is to adhere to the discipline and rules quite in front must not allow the bottom line to break the discipline. The fourth is to seriously organize the study of propaganda and education, in the city party members to create a disciplined, about the rules of the strong atmosphere. (II) Commission for Discipline Inspection at all levels (Discipline Inspection Group) to an important basis for the revised two party regulations as, adhere to easily blame, strengthen supervision and enforcement And early method in combining Ji, increase accountability efforts. One is to two regulations within the party important basis, adhere to the party constitution duties, with strict discipline to maintain the constitution authority. The second is to adhere to high standards and keep the bottom line, adhere to Ji Yan in law and discipline, the discipline and rules quite in front, grasping grasping small, easily blame, comprehensive use of supervision and discipline of "four kinds of form" in the discipline embodies the strict requirements and care for the discipline, tighten up, Yan. According to discipline in accordance with regulations to carry out disciplinary review. Increase the violations punishment, clues can initiate an investigation on the trial of cases According to the discipline on the provisions of the proportion of processing and control manager maintains discipline. To focus on investigating non convergence, don't accept hand serious disciplinary violations at the same time, pay more attention to the general review of discipline 24 behavior, and gradually increase the lighter punishment. Four is to illuminate two party regulations, combined with the local district of the Department of party conduct Lianzheng to relevant laws and regulations system clean, timely research proposes to establish, change, waste release opinion, avoid conflict, and the fasten system of cage, and gradually formed not rot, not rot, not want to rot system and working mechanism. (3) the leadership of the party members and cadres should play an exemplary role. The rate of higher consciousness of the front of the Ordinance to lead practice self-discipline norms, leading to maintain discipline of seriousness and authority. One is the above rate, demonstration and guidance, take the lead in learning and mastering the < code > and < > the requirements and regulations, do the deep understanding, learning to use. The second is to play an exemplary role in abiding by discipline rate, take the lead in practicing self-discipline norms, firmly establish before the discipline are equal, the system has no privilege, discipline is no exception, and consciously do standards, require more strict measures more practical. Third is to consciously accept supervision, conscientiously participate in the democratic life and debriefing honesty responsibility, such as Real to the party organization to report personal matters, and to accept the supervision of the work and life of the normal, habits under the supervision of the exercise of power, to carry out the work. The fourth is to set an example for the strict enforcement of discipline. Leading cadres should take the lead in the maintenance of discipline of seriousness and authority, to dare to seriously, dare to struggle, dare to offend people, for misconduct not laissez faire, but do not indulge, not tolerate to ensure the party constitution of party compasses party put in place. (4) the majority of Party members and cadres to set high standards and hold the bottom line, consciously abide by the < code > and < rule >. One is to control the < standard > and < 25 cases >, tight Close connection with their own thoughts, practical work and life, efforts to solve the problems, to enhance the study and implement of the effectiveness and pertinence. The second is to establish a high standard and hold the bottom line, consciously in the self-discipline pursuit of high standards, strictly in the party away from the red line discipline, discipline, about the rules and know fear, distrust, the formation of the honor system, comply with the system, safeguard system of good habits. Regulations and discipline regulations of < < New Revision of the Communist Party of China clean fingered self-discipline criterion > and < Chinese Communist Party Disciplinary Regulations > is the Party Central Committee in the new situation to promote the comprehensive strictly root of the lift, the regulations of the party construction of keeping pace with the times. We should study and implement the Standards > and < > as the primary political task, adhere to the party constitution duties, adhere to the discipline of, Ji Yan in law, the full implementation of supervision and discipline accountability responsibilities for coordination and promotion "four overall" strategic layout in XX District vivid practice to provide a strong guarantee. - Si Jian Wu, and effectively enhance the implementation of the implementation of the < code > < > The consciousness of General Secretary Xi pointed out that the party is in charge of the party, to manage the party; strictly, it can cure good party. Criterion > and < rule > keep pace with the times is our party to form a new potential strictly rules, to deepen understanding of the ruling law, is a comprehensive strictly, and strengthen the supervision within the party important grasper. Criterion > closely linked to the theme of self-discipline, self-discipline intensity-modulated, focusing on morality, for the majority of Party members and cadres set to see, feel the high standard, show the Communists noble moral sentiment; District Ordinance < < rule > the constitution of discipline integration into a political discipline, organization and discipline, honesty and discipline, discipline of the masses, work discipline, discipline, emphasize discipline, focusing on established rules, to draw the party organizations and Party members do not touch the bottom line. Party committees (party) to effectively strengthen the study and publicize the implementation of the < code > and < rule > the organization and leadership of criterion > and < > a full range, multi angle, deep publicity, the formation of study and publicize and implement the boom, in order to consolidate the development of good political environment to create a positive environment and atmosphere. The majority of Party members and cadres to strict requirements, the < rule > and < Ordinance cases > as a guide to action and behavior criterion, adhere to the moral standards and discipline of the bottom line, to maintain the discipline of worship and awe, learning, compliance, and maintain party discipline and rules of the model. The discipline inspection and supervision organs and cadres to the < code > and < > as the deepening of the "three", and strengthen supervision and discipline of accountability is important to follow correctly grasp the use of supervision and discipline of "four types", promote the comprehensive strictly in new roots. Strict discipline, adhere to the discipline and rules quite in front of the enterprise in the implementation of expensive to implement to execute. The discipline inspection and supervision organs to implement the < code > and < Efforts to investigate cases > as an opportunity, adhere to the party should manage the party strictly, serious performance of their duties to promote two regulations implementation. Change discipline concept. From the simple "investigation of illegal" to a comprehensive "stare at violate discipline"; from the business case to prosecute the big cases and timely solve the signs of tilt to. From the orientation to the normal supervision; from the tube "minority" to resist the "most". Guide Party members and cadres to seriously implement the < code > and < rule >, consciously abide by the political, organizational, honest people, work, life six discipline. Urge the leadership cadres sent to play an exemplary role, take the lead in strictly enforced. Relaxation and rest Strong wind is Su Ji, closely linked to the "four winds" prone to multiple, the masses reflect the strong important nodes and, glued to the four winds "new form, new trends, seriously investigate and deal with violations of the central eight provisions of the spirit, to increase the bulletin exposure intensity, the formation of Chajiu" four winds "loudly, continue to release and discipline must be strict signal. At the same time, extended supervision tentacles, through the development of the rural and fishery party conduct Lianzheng construction inspection, issued in a timely manner, Chajiu occurred in grassroots side of corruption and unhealthy, and earnestly safeguard the interests of the masses and social stability. The creativity and discipline. Grasp and make good use of the supervision and discipline of" four types ", to ensure the Promoting clues to lots of discipline and the law of the vacuum tube, strict together. Not only to the "less" and "very few" thorough investigation severely punished, but also the "most" to maintain zero tolerance trend through layers of conductive pressure, let the discipline about the rules for each party members and cadres consciously follow. At present, it is necessary to implement the "list" management, strictly follow the clues to the disposal of five standards, make the classification of disposal, dynamic cleanup. Zadok Party committees at all levels to implement the main responsibility, comprehensive use of disciplinary action and tissue processing and other means to effectively curb the commonplace, used to see do not blame the "small problem", not because of "practice" and "exception". Prominent Discipline characteristics, the problems of violation of discipline and rules into the focus of supervision and discipline and disciplinary review. At the same time, increase case double check the intensity, the serious problems of discipline violations or "four winds" ban but not absolutely, not only to be held directly responsible, but also held leadership responsibility; not only to pursue studies the main responsibility of the Party committee, and to pursue Commission for Discipline Inspection and supervision responsibilities and promote accountability to become the new norm. The implementation of supervisory responsibility. Maintain < code > and < rule > the seriousness and authority of the discipline and rules and truly become the party's ruler. Discipline as supervision within the party the specialized agency, we must strengthen the responsibility to act, adhere to the Impartial discipline accountability, earnestly will be strict discipline, discipline must be punished, and severely punish the acts in violation of rules and regulations.