无名指比食指长的惊人注解!!!

无名指比食指长的惊人注解!!! 无名指比食指长的惊人注解!!!.txt14热情是一种巨大的力量，从心灵内部迸发而出，激励我们发挥出无穷的智慧和活力;热情是一根强大的支柱，无论面临怎样的困境，总能催生我们乐观的斗志和顽强的毅力„„没有热情，生命的天空就没的色彩。上面是英国看法 以下是中国传统命理学看法 无名指比食指长的说法有很多，郑博士曾经从中国传统命理学角度阐述过这个问。当然，目前世界各地科学家在继续研究这个问题，古老的中国命相学文化在发扬光大之中。 反观人类的手指，成年女性的手指和无名指长度通常相同，男性则无名指通常长于食指。通常是食指比无名指长，或一样长。如果无名指比食指长，那么，从命理看的确很多女性有同性恋倾向。其实，无论男女无名指比食指长，都具有强烈的个性特点，郑博士特别归纳如下: 男(左):无名指比食指长 女(右)与男相反 1、无名指比食指长的人理智大于情感，反之情感大于理智。 2、无名指比食指长的人，为人亲切、处事圆融，通情达理，在新的环境马上能与人打成一片，其缺点就是欠缺判断能力。 3、手指长短决定交易本领，无名指相对于食指越长，你可能赚的钱越多。 4、无名指相对于食指越长，这些人具有自信、爱冒险、探索性强、警惕性高以及反应快等特点。 5、男人无名指相对于食指越长，更“有男人味”，业绩大大好于“娘娘腔”的男人。 6、无名指相对于食指越长的人，在足球和篮球等烈的对抗性运动上颇有天赋。 7、无名指越长，计算能力越突出;食指长的人则更善于读写。郑博士对此曾经做过统计实验，的确有此倾向。 8、无名指比食指长的儿童，理科的成绩很可能会比文科好。反过来，对于那些食指比无名指长的儿童来说，他们在阅读、写作和口语科目的成绩要比成绩好。 9、无名指比食指长的孩子更倾向于存在极度活跃、欺凌弱小的行为。食指长的孩子更有可能存在神经质和敏感等行为特征。 10、无名指长表明，婴儿处于发育时期的心脏、大脑以及手的雄性激素更高，而食指长则表明其雌激素更高。 11、无名指比食指长的女性，更具运动天分。尤其是在赛跑，足球和网球等与跑步有关的项目上，成绩更为显著。 12、无名指长的男性，通常会具有更明显的男性特征，比如在竞技体育方面表现更为突出，成绩更为优异。而在其他方面，诸如侵略性和竞争性等，也会表现的更为强悍。相反，如果是食指比较长的男性，则在生理和行为上有不同表现。尽管如此，他们也有自己比较擅长的体育运动，如武术和体操类项目。 13、女性无名指过长，患膝关节炎的风险更大。这是郑博士在北美时配合TOM教授的一项实验。也的确如此。 14、食指和无名指同等长度的男性和无名指比食指长的女性比一般人均更有可能出现同性恋行为。 15、无名指明显比食指长，不管此人表面多么谦逊，私底下都比较暴躁，易怒，好斗，不善言辞的一面，而食指比无名指长的话，则表现出比较敏感神经质的一面，内心也比较谦逊。如果两指齐平或者差不多，则介于两种特质中间。 郑博士认为，其实，一个人的运势和前程会有很多因素的影响，但是我们如果能够更多了解自身的情况，更多“认识你自己”，那么，至少我们会谨慎作出某些抉择，从而更好的趋利避害。用尺测量出你的同一个手掌中的食指和无名指尺寸，并用食指长度除以无名指长度，得到便是您的“手指率”。看看你的手指率是大于1还是小于1，然后你就可以验证本文的结论了:手指率大于1，则相对于计算，你更擅长于读写;手指率小于1，则相对与读写，你更长于计算。 据英国媒体5月23日报道，一项最新研究发现，家长若想预测孩子们将来英语和数学方面的考试成绩，有一个最为简单的，即看一看他们的手指长短。心理学家称，无名指长的孩子计算能力突出的可能性更大，而食指长的孩子则更善于读写。 科学家认为，这一趋势是孩子在子宫时暴露给睾丸激素和雌激素的水平所致。性激素一般负责大脑发育和手指长度。领导此项研究的巴思大学教授布洛斯南表示:“睾丸激素据称可以促进某个大脑区域的发育，而这个区域通常与空间思维和计算能力相联系。雌激素被认为可促进与口头表达能力有关的大脑区域的发育。令人颇感兴趣的是，这些激素还在我们食指和无名指的长度方面拥有发言权。我们可以对比食指和无名指的长度，用以衡量胎儿在子宫中暴露给上述两种激素的水平。 在研究中，科学家通过75个7岁儿童的手掌影印，测算他们的手指长度。每个孩子都会被测量右手食指和无名指的长短。接着，研究人员用食指长度除以无名指长度，得出每个孩子的“手指率”(digitratio)。成年女性的手指率通常为1，意即食指和无名指长度相同。男性平均手指率偏低，为 0.98，因为他们的无名指通常长于食指，也就是说，他们在子宫时暴露在睾丸激素的水平更高。 利用孩子们在英语和算术测试“关键阶段”的得分，研究人员对研究组(他们均是巴思大学附属幼儿园学生)的测量数据和他们在班级的学习成绩进行了比较。结果发现，手指率低——无名指长以及出生前暴露在睾丸激素的水平更高的儿童，更有可能精于数学而非英语;而手指率高——无名指短以及出生前暴露在雌激素的水平更高的儿童，则呈现截然相反的结果，他们更有可能精于英语而非数学。 先前有研究表明，手指长短与运动天赋有关。去年《英国运动医学杂志》发表的一篇论文指出，食指和无名指之间的比例关系是表明运动才能的可靠指标。英国的研究还发现，食指长的女性生育能力强。如果你的“手指比率”大于,，那么你的性格就更女性化。“手指比率”高的女人更容易受孕，如果没有“生育”政策，则可能是个“多产”妈妈。但是，过多的雌性荷尔蒙也会增大患乳腺癌的几率。如果“手指比率”小于1，那么说明你身体中雄性荷尔蒙水平略高。"手指比率"低的女人可能会有这样的体验:虽然你也同其他很有"女人味"的人一样长发飘飘、袅袅婷婷，但你性格中其实有一部分是很男性化的，只不过是你隐藏得很好，或者连自己都不太清楚的缘故。你的思维方式和做事方法有时更像个男人。有时感觉同男人相处更加乐趣无穷，倒是女人之间琐碎的矛盾让你时常感到不胜其累。"手指比率"低的女人可能不那么"多产"，但却容易受到心脏病的袭击。 研究还发现，比较孩子手指长短，就可以知道他们的性格特点。那些无名指比食指长许多的孩子通常多动、具有攻击性、不擅于社交，而那些食指长的孩子更有可能存在神经质和敏感 等行为。 看食指和无名指的长度比能够帮助自己辨识健康,这听起来好像是没有科学依据的结论，但现在加拿大艾伯塔大学研究人员的研究却证实了这点。这是英国《独立报》所报道的。这份最新研究结论称，手指的确能够暗示一个人的健康、生育能力、婚姻前景甚至于患心脏疾病、乳腺癌等疾病的机率。另外人的运动能力、攻击性、孤独症等也与食指和无名指的长短有联系。当我们的胚胎成长到5周左右时，手就已经出现了，但非常小，如同鱼鳍一般。在随后的发育中，手指慢慢开始成长，手指之间的蹼渐渐退化。到了11周的时候，手的关节、肌肉甚至指甲都已经发育完全。所有的功能已经齐备。一个20周大的宝宝，在母亲的肚子里，已经会用幼嫩的手指给自己的耳朵挠痒了。研究人员通过研究揭示，食指相对比无名指更长的人，越有可能获得高学历。手指的生长和大脑的发育都是在同一时期发生的，并且都与子宫内性激素的水平有关。因此，女性的无名指往往与食指一样长或者更短，男性的无名指则往往长于食指，而左撇子的无名指通常比食指长出许多。 除此之外，加拿大艾伯塔大学研究人员还发现，食指和无名指之间的比例还与人其他性格和疾病联系在一起。测量你的无名指和食指的长度，可以通过下表看看自己的性格和健康状况。 食指相对于无名指长 女性拥有更高的生育能力、比较谦虚、比较敏感、相对容易患乳腺癌、不爱冒风险; 男性生育能力较弱、口头表达能力较强、攻击性弱、方向感差。 无名指相对食指长 女性生育能力相对较弱、过分自信、相对不容易患乳腺癌、很爱冒风险; 男性生育能力较强、口头表达能力较弱、攻击力强、比较擅长数学、更容易患孤独症。 俗话说:十指连心。人类的手指蕴涵着人身的许多秘密。伸出您的手指来，让科学家给您看看“手相”。 手指的确与心脏有着千丝万缕的联系。英国利物浦大学的科学家不久前首次发现手指长度、年龄和心脏病之间有直接关系。看看男孩的手指，就可以知道他们成年后是否会有患心脏病的危险。利物浦大学的科学家们是在对不同年龄段患心脏病的男性做研究之后得出这一结论的。 此项研究的负责人约翰?曼宁博士和他的同事们研究了151名男性心脏病患者，结果发现，食指相对较长的人发病的年龄在35岁到80岁之间，而无名指较长的人在58岁到80岁之间。 他们得出结论，无名指与食指长度相同或稍短的人在30岁至40岁时突发心脏病的几率较高。无名指长的人更易在年龄较大时患心脏病。 曼宁博士认为，这是心脏病研究中的重大突破，因为两个手指的比例是在子宫中就决定了的，而且终生不变。这就是说，即使一个孩子的手指还没有完全长成，也可以据此来推测成年后患心脏病的可能。其他一些方法，如腰围和臀围比例，体重指数等，都是经常变化的，而且会受年龄影响。 曼宁博士说:“用这一方法找出有发病危险的孩子后，应鼓励他们吃低脂肪、低盐的食物，不要吸烟，并经常做运动。” 手指长短比例不同与体内性激素水平、甚至出生前性激素的影响和生长有关。无名指较长的男性体内含性激素丙酸睾丸素的水平相对较高，丙酸睾丸素有防止男性患心脏病的作用。而无名指较短的年轻心脏病患者的丙酸睾丸素水平偏低。 曼宁博士早先的一些研究还显示，手指比例与妇女生殖能力和乳腺癌的发病率有关，甚至关系到男女的性取向。在对一家不育门诊就医的60名男子和40名妇女的检查后，他还发现，两手不对称的男子分泌的精子数较少。其中12名几乎不分泌精子的检查对象两手的不同之处多达4处。曼宁博士说，双手手指的不对称程度预示着每次射精时精子的多少。双手手指越不对称，精子数越少。 另外，无名指长于食指还是有音乐天分的表现。对英国一个交响乐团乐手的调查表明，那些最出色的演奏家与其他人相比，无名指比食指相对要长很多。 从手指长短看个性以及性取向,, 从手指长短可判断性取向，但你不能看一眼别人的手指，就咬定别人是“拉拉”，这正如你不能随便说人家是神经病一样。 泄露天机的手指 低头看一下你的右手，看看是无名指比食指长，还是食指比无名指长,为精确起见，请拿把尺子从根部量一量。测量结果，将泄露一些你尚在母亲子宫时的小秘密。 无名指长的胎儿:“我是男孩” 还在母体时，你已经有了意识，你的手指——更重要的是大脑，正在发育。出生之前的这一时期，由于雌雄激素不同，男性的无名指要稍稍比食指长，而女性一般两个手指一样长，或者食指比无名指长一点点。 手指长度受母体内胎儿自身雌雄激素影响。在8,14周之间，**、卵巢和肾上腺分泌激素，这些化学信号(尤其是雄激素)，会引起shen体的连锁反应，刺激****生长。大脑的生长也受到激励或约束，并引起手指的变化。 很多科学家相信，手指的长度，意味头脑的异同，像是出生前的宣言，无名指长点的胎儿似乎在说:“我是男孩。” 利物浦大学生物学家约翰?曼宁(John Manning)多年前就发现，从手指长度，可判断出生前shen体激素的差异。他认为，手指长度是研究胎儿大脑和母亲子宫的重要工具，而子宫环境，除了通过羊膜穿刺取样之外，对科学家来说还是一个禁地。即便在羊水取样时，由于性激素时时波动，羊水取样不足以明辨性征。 无名指长的女孩:像假小子 “早期性激素对大脑有一定影响，”曼宁说，“无名指比食指长的女性，举止有假小子气，同样，食指比无名指长的男性，行为举止又带有女性特有的气质。” 曾有一项研究，对象是苏格兰学龄前儿童，他们的年龄是2,4岁。研究发现，手指长度确实与性别特征关系密切。有着男性手指比例的女孩，更其活跃，与同龄女孩相比，问题多 多。在《人类早期发育》(Early Human Development)杂志上，也有同样的研究发表，结果表明，有着女性手指比例的男孩，与别的男孩相比，更为情绪化。“他们更加敏感。”曼宁说。 除了****外，手指长度是一出生就呈现出的两性间不同的shen体特征，其他两性特征，如身高、腰围、臀围等，直到青春期才显现出来。 “你在蹒跚学步的婴儿身上看到的性别特征，其实是出生前激素作用的后果。”得克萨斯州立大学奥斯丁大学的实验心理学教授丹尼斯?麦克法顿(Dennis McFadden)如是说。 曼宁，还有其他研究者，则把手指长度与攻击性、左撇子、心脏病、自我中心和注意力缺乏症挂上了钩，这些症状多表现在男性身上(研究显示，这些症状在无名指长的男性身上更普遍)。但，一个长着“男性”手指形状的女孩，也会打上多动、自我中心的标签。 她是“拉拉”,她不是“拉拉”, 一些科学家认为，出生前的性激素也可部分****之谜。雄性激素水平高的女孩，大脑设有“特殊信号”，更有吸引同性的可能。有意思的是，从《性行为档案》(Archives of **ual Behavior)刊登的一篇文章看，女人更与出生前的激素水平脱不了干系，麦克法顿说，女性中，“拉拉”(女同)与“直人”(非**)相比，更有可能长着男性尺寸的手指——无名指比食指长。 拿这一数据分析男性，要复杂一点，矛盾一点。一些研究表明，男**中，也有长着男性指型的(无名指比食指长)，另有一些研究结果则与之相反，说男**确实长着女性款式的手指(一样长或食指比无名指长)。地理位置的不同，种族、人种的不同，似乎也影响着手指长度，这一点，科学家也不明白是怎么回事。 有关手指长度的研究大热起来，手指长度与人类行为也连上线了，但不到研究者充分了解激素如何影响大脑，这种联系只能停留在统计学的层面。出生前的性激素水平，是判断**的一个要素，但未必是唯一的要素，研究表明，遗传基因起着很大作用。 一个强有力的假设是，雄性激素刺激右脑的发育，但对左脑发育有抑制作用。于是，以猫、老鼠、绵羊为实验对象进行了实验，结果显示，雄性激素促进下丘脑发育，从而对性行为和生殖产生影响。对绵羊的实验发现，大脑更“阳刚”的公羊，对其他公羊有着性吸引力。 说了这么多，也许，你要看着自己的手指下结论了。曼宁特此发出警告:你一定要精确再精确。“你一定要小心点，”他说，“你不能看一眼别人的手指，就咬定人家是‘拉拉’，正如你不能决定他们是否有神经病一样。手指是长是短，长在人们手上，但或长或短，并没有强大到足以支持你的论断。” 他们长着千里眼，**鼻, 一些人身上是散发**“信号”的。 根据2005年的一项研究，有人确实非常敏锐，似乎长着千里眼，能迅速判断一个人的性取向，这些人当然是同志，而不是“直人”。 哈佛大学生威廉?李?亚当斯(William Lee Adams)的**关注的正是这个话题。亚当斯对一批志愿者进行研究后发现，通过观察陌生人的些微信息，比如通过看一寸照片、录像带(不化妆、不戴珠宝)，**者更能准确判断他人是否属于同志阵营。当然，被观察者(包括提供录像带的志愿者)并不了解Adams的研究目的。 **者对别人的性取向不仅判断准确，而且极其迅速，你是不是**，他们只消花2秒钟就搞定了。 亚当斯说，**中，“男同”又比“女同”好认。“女同”更有隐蔽性，不管是异性恋还是**者，都容易把她们误会成“直人”。 费城莫耐尔化学感官中心(Monell Chemical Senses Center)进行了一个特别研究，让同志和“直人”都去闻别人腋窝的气味——腋窝里不能洒香水或除臭剂，研究发现，“男同”性恋更喜欢其他男**腋下的味道。“女同”和“直人”(不论男女)对“男同”腋窝里的味道根本不感兴趣。 者的眼睛是怎样熟练破译“电码”的，不过，可能凝视就是开启秘 亚当斯说，不知道** 密的钥匙。“**往往是孤独的，消沉的，焦虑的，或许，同志的shen体内，是有特别信号发散出来。 通常而言，男性无名指长于食指。女性则是食指比无名指长，或一样长。如果无名指比食指长，那么，从命理看的确很多女性有**倾向。其实，无论男女无名指比食指长，都具有强烈的个性特点: 1、无名指比食指长的人理智大于情感，反之情感大于理智。 2、无名指比食指长的人，为人亲切、处事圆融，通情达理，在新的环境马上能与人打成一片，其缺点就是欠缺判断能力。 3、手指长短决定交易本领，无名指相对于食指越长，你可能赚的钱越多。 4、无名指相对于食指越长，这些人具有自信、爱冒险、探索性强、警惕性高以及反应快等特点。 5、男人无名指相对于食指越长，更"有男人味"，业绩大大好于"娘娘腔"的男人。 6、无名指相对于食指越长的人，在足球和篮球等烈的对抗性运动上颇有天赋。 7、无名指越长，计算能力越突出;食指长的人则更善于读写。郑博士对此曾经做过统计实验， 的确有此倾向。 8、无名指比食指长的儿童，理科的成绩很可能会比文科好。反过来，对于那些食指比无名指长的儿童来说，他们在阅读、写作和口语科目的成绩要比数学成绩好。 9、无名指比食指长的孩子更倾向于存在极度活跃、欺凌弱小的行为。食指长的孩子更有可能存在神经质和敏感等行为特征。 10、无名指长表明，婴儿处于发育时期的心脏、大脑以及手的雄性激素更高，而食指长则表明其雌激素更高。 11、无名指比食指长的女性，更具运动天分。尤其是在赛跑，足球和网球等与跑步有关的项目上，成绩更为显著。 12、无名指长的男性，通常会具有更明显的男性特征，比如在竞技体育方面表现更为突出，成绩更为优异。而在其他方面，诸如侵略性和竞争性等，也会表现的更为强悍。相反，如果是食指比较长的男性，则在生理和行为上有不同表现。尽管如此，他们也有自己比较擅长的体育运动，如武术和体操类项目。 13、女性无名指过长，患膝关节炎的风险更大。这是郑博士在北美时配合TOM教授的一项实验。也的确如此。 14、食指和无名指同等长度的男性和无名指比食指长的女性比一般人均更有可能出现**行为。 15、无名指明显比食指长，不管此人表面多么谦逊，私底下都比较暴躁，易怒，好斗，不善言辞的一面，而食指比无名指长的话，则表现出比较敏感神经质的一面，内心也比较谦逊。如果两指齐平或者差不多，则介于两种特质中间。 其实，一个人的运势和前程会有很多因素的影响，但是我们如果能够更多了解自身的情况，更多"认识你自己"，那么，至少我们会谨慎作出某些抉择，从而更好的趋利避害。 (英文版 ) Two regulations promulgated for implementation is in the party in power for a long time and the rule of law conditions, the implementation of comprehensive strictly strategic plan, implementation in accordance with the rules and discipline to manage the party, strengthen inner-party supervision of major initiatives. The two regulations supporting each other, the < code > adhere to a positive advocate, focusing on morality is of Party members and Party leading cadres can see, enough to get a high standard; < rule > around the party discipline, disciplinary ruler requirements, listed as "negative list, focusing on vertical gauge, draw the party organizations and Party members do not touch the" bottom line ". Here, the main from four square face two party rules of interpretation: the first part introduces two party Revised regulations the necessity and the revision process; the second part is the interpretation of the two fundamental principles of the revision of laws and regulations in the party; the third part introduces two party regulations modified the main changes and needs to grasp several key problems; the fourth part on how to grasp the implementation of the two regulations of the party. < code > and < Regulations > revised the necessity and revised history of the CPC Central Committee the amendment to the Chinese Communist Party members and leading cadres honest politics several guidelines > and < Chinese Communist Party discipline and Punishment Regulations > column 1 by 2015 to strengthen party laws and regulations focus. Two party regulations revision work lasted a Years, pooling the wisdom of the whole party, ideological consensus, draw historical experience, respect for the wisdom of our predecessors, which reflects the unity of inheritance and innovation; follow the correct direction, grasp the limited goals, adhere to the party's leadership, to solve the masses of the people reflect a focus on the problem. The new revision of the < code > and < rule >, reflects the party's 18 and the eighth session of the third, the spirit of the fourth plenary session, reflecting the experience of studying and implementing the General Secretary Xi Jinping series of important speech, reflects the party's eighteen years comprehensive strictly practice. (a) revised two regulations of the party need of < the ICAC guidelines > in < in 1997 Leaders as members of the Communist Party of China clean politics certain criteria (Trial) > based on revised, the promulgation and implementation of January 2010, to strengthen the construction of the contingent of leading cadres play an important role. But with the party to manage the party strictly administering the deepening, has not been able to fully meet the actual needs. Content is too complicated, "eight prohibition, 52 are not allowed to" hard to remember, and also difficult to put into practice; the second is concisely positive advocated by the lack of prohibited provisions excessive, no autonomy requirements; the third is banned terms and discipline law, both with the party discipline, disciplinary regulations repeat and Criminal law and other laws and regulations repeat; the fourth is to "clean" the theme is not prominent, not for the existing problems, and is narrow, only needle of county-level leading cadres above. < rule > is in 1997 < Chinese Communist Party disciplinary cases (Trial) > based on revision, in December 2003 the promulgation and implementation, to strengthen the construction of the party play very important role. Along with the development of the situation, which many provisions have been unable to fully meet the comprehensive strictly administering the practice needs. One is Ji law, more than half of the provisions and criminal law and other countries laws and regulations Repetition; two is the political discipline regulations is not prominent, not specific, for violation of the party constitution, damage the authority of Party Constitution of misconduct lack necessary and serious responsibility to pursue; third is the main discipline for the leading cadres, does not cover all Party members. Based on the above situation, need to < the criterion of a clean and honest administration > and < rule > the two is likely to be more relevant regulations first amendment. By revising, really put the authority of Party discipline, the seriousness in the party tree and call up the majority of Party members and cadres of the party constitution of party compasses party consciousness. (II) two party regulations revision process the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China attaches great importance to two regulations revision . Xi Jinping, general books recorded in the Fifth Plenary Session of the eighth session of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, on the revised regulations < > made clear instructions. According to the central deployment, the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection from 2014 under six months begin study two regulations revision. The Standing Committee of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection 4 review revised. Comrade Wang Qishan 14 times held a special meeting to study two regulations revision, amendment clarifies the direction, major issues of principle, path and target, respectively held a forum will listen to part of the province (area) secretary of the Party committee, Secretary of the Discipline Inspection Commission, part of the central ministries and state organs Department The first party committee is mainly responsible for people, views of experts and scholars and grassroots party organizations and Party members. Approved by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, on 7 September 2015, the general office of the Central Committee of the Party issued a notice to solicit the provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities) Party, the central ministries and commissions, state ministries and commissions of the Party (party), the General Political Department of the military, every 3 people organization of Party of two regulations revision opinion. Central Commission for Discipline Inspection of extensive solicitation of opinions, careful study, attracting, formed a revised sent reviewers. In October 8 and October 12, Central Committee Political Bureau Standing Committee and the Political Bureau of the Central Committee After consideration of the two regulations revised draft. On October 18, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China formally issued two regulations. Can say, two laws amendment concentrated the wisdom of the whole party, embodies the party. Second, < code > and < Regulations > revision of the basic principles of two party regulations revision work and implement the party's eighteen, ten eight plenary, the spirit of the Fourth Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee and General Secretary Xi Jinping important instructions on the revised < low political criterion > and < Regulations >, highlighting the ruling party characteristics, serious discipline, the discipline quite in front of the law, based on the current, a long-term, advance as a whole, with Bu Xiuding independent < rule > and < rule >. Main principle is: first, adhere to the party constitution to follow. The constitution about discipline and self-discipline required specific, awaken the party constitution of party compasses party consciousness, maintaining the authority of the constitution. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that "no rules, no side round. Party constitution is the fundamental law, the party must follow the general rules. In early 2015 held the eighth session of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection Fifth Plenary Session of the 16th Central Committee, Xi Jinping again pointed out that constitution is the party must follow the general rules, but also the general rules." the revision of the < code > and < rule > is Method in adhere to the regulations established for the purpose of combining rule of virtue is to adhere to the party constitution as a fundamental to follow, the constitution authority set up, wake up the party constitution and party rules the sense of discipline, the party constitution about discipline and self-discipline specific requirements. 4 second is to adhere to in accordance with the regulations governing the party and the party. The Party of rule of virtue "de", mainly refers to the party's ideals and beliefs, excellent traditional style. The revised the < code > closely linked to the "self-discipline", insisting on the positive initiative, for all members, highlight the "vital few", emphasized self-discipline, focusing on the morality, and the majority of Party members and the ideological and moral standards. The revised < > Ji method separately, Ji, Ji Yan to Method, as a "negative list", emphasizing the heteronomy, focusing on vertical gauge. Is this one high and one low, a positive reaction, the strict party discipline and practice results transformation for the integration of the whole party to observe moral and discipline requirements, for the majority of Party members and cadres provides benchmarking and ruler. Third, insist on to. In view of the problems existing in the party at the present stage, the main problems of Party members and cadres in the aspect of self-discipline and abide by the discipline to make clearly defined, especially the party's eighteen years strict political discipline and political rules, organization and discipline and to implement the central eight provisions of the spirit against the four winds and other requirements into Disciplinary provisions. Not one pace reachs the designated position, focusing on in line with reality, pragmatic and effective. After the revision of major changes, major changes in the < code > and < rule > modified and needs to grasp several key problems (a) < code > < code > adhere to according to regulations governing the party and party with morals in combination, for at the present stage, the leadership of the party members and cadres and Party members in existing main problems of self-discipline, put forward principles, requirements and specifications, showing Communists noble moral pursuit, reflected at all times and in all over the world ethics from high from low 5 common requirements. One is closely linked to the "self-discipline", removal and no direct relation to the provisions of . the second is adhere to a positive advocate, "eight prohibition" 52 are not allowed to "about the content of the" negative list moved into synchronization amendment < cases >. Three is for all the party members, will apply object from the leadership of the party members and cadres to expand to all Party members, fully embodies the comprehensive strictly required. The fourth is prominent key minority, seize the leadership of the party members and cadres is the key, and put forward higher requirements than the ordinary Party members. Five is to simplify, and strive to achieve concise, easy to understand, easy to remember. The revised < code > is the ruling Party since the first insists on a positive advocate forAll Party members and the self-discipline norms, moral declaration issued to all members of the party and the National People's solemn commitment. > < criterion of a clean and honest administration consists of 4 parts, 18, more than 3600 words. After the revision of the < code >, a total of eight, 281 words, including lead, specification and Party member cadre clean fingered self-discipline norms, etc. Part 3 members low-cost clean and self-discipline, the main contents can be summarized as "four must" "eight code". Lead part, reiterated on ideal and faith, fundamental purpose, the fine traditions and work style, noble sentiments, such as "four must" the principle of requirements, strong tone of self-discipline, The higher request for 6 and supervised tenet, the foothold in permanent Bao the party's advanced nature and purity, to reflect the revised standards requirements. Members of self-discipline norms around the party members how to correctly treat and deal with the "public and private", "cheap and rot" thrifty and extravagance "bitter music", put forward the "four norms". Party leader cadre clean fingered self-discipline norms for the leadership of the party members and cadres of the "vital few", around the "clean politics", from civil servant of the color, the exercise of power, moral integrity, a good family tradition and other aspects of the leadership of the party members and cadres of the "four norms" < > < norm norm. "The Party member's self-discipline norms" and "party members and leading cadre clean fingered self-discipline norms," a total of eight, collectively referred to as the "eight". "Four must" and "eight" of the content from the party constitution and Party's several generation of leaders, especially Xi Jinping, general secretary of the important discussion, refer to the "three discipline and eight points for attention" statements, and reference some embody the Chinese nation excellent traditional culture essence of epigrams. (2) the revised regulations, the main changes in the revised Regulations > to fully adapt to the strictly requirements, reflects the according to the regulations governing the law of recognition of deepening, the realization of the discipline construction and Jin Ju. < rule > is party a ruler, members of the basic line and follow. And the majority of Party members and cadres of Party organizations at all levels should adhere to the bottom line of thinking, fear discipline, hold the bottom line, as a preventive measure, to keep the party's advanced nature and purity. 1, respect for the constitution, refinement and discipline. Revised < rule > from comprehensive comb physical constitution began, the party constitution and other regulations of the Party of Party organizations and Party discipline requirements refinement, clearly defined in violation of the party constitution will be in accordance with regulations to give the corresponding disciplinary action. The original 10 categories of misconduct, integration specification for political discipline, discipline, honesty and discipline masses Ji Law and discipline and discipline and other six categories, the content of < rule > real return to Party discipline, for the majority of Party members and listed a "negative list. 7 2, highlighting the political discipline and political rules. > < Regulations according to the stage of the discipline of outstanding performance, emphasizing political discipline and political rules, organization and discipline, in opposition to the party's leadership and the party's basic theory, basic line, basic program and basic experience, the basic requirement of behavior made prescribed punishment, increase the cliques, against the organization such as violation of the provisions, to ensure that the central government decrees and the Party of centralized and unified. 3, adhere to strict discipline in the law and discipline In front, Ji separated. Revised < Regulations > adhere to the problem oriented, do Ji separated. Any national law existing content, will not repeat the provisions, the total removal of 79 and criminal law, repeat the content of the public security management punishment law, and other laws and regulations. In the general reiterated that party organizations and Party members must conscientiously accept the party's discipline, die van comply with national laws and regulations; at the same time, to investigate violations of Party members and even criminal behavior of Party discipline and responsibility, > < Regulations distinguish five different conditions, with special provisions were made provisions, so as to realize the connection of Party discipline and state law. 4, reflect Wind building and anti-corruption struggle of the latest achievements. < rule > the party's eighteen years implement the spirit of the central provisions of the eight, against the requirements of the "four winds" and transformation for disciplinary provisions, reflecting the style construction is always on the road, not a gust of wind. In the fight against corruption out of new problems, increase the trading rights, the use of authority relatives profit and other disciplinary terms. Prominent discipline of the masses, the new against the interests of the masses and ignore the demands of the masses and other disciplinary terms and make provisions of the disposition and the destruction of the party's close ties with the masses. Discipline to protect the party's purpose. 8 of these regulations, a total of three series, Chapter 15, 178, more than 24000 words, after the revision of the regulations a total of 3 series, Chapter 11, 133, 17000 words, divided into "general" and "special provisions" and "Supplementary Provisions" Part 3. Among them, add, delete, modify the provisions of the proportion of up to nearly 90%. 1, the general general is divided into five chapters. The first chapter to the regulations of the guiding ideology, principles and scope of application of the provisions, highlight the strengthening of the party constitution consciousness, maintenance the authority of Party Constitution, increase the party organizations and Party members must abide by the party constitution, Yan Centralized centralized, would examine at all levels of the amended provisions implementing and maintaining Party discipline, and consciously accept the party discipline, exemplary compliance with national laws and regulations. The second chapter of discipline concept, disciplinary action types and effects of the regulations, will be a serious warning from the original a year for a year and a half; increase the Party Congress representative, by leaving the party above (including leave probation) punishment, the party organization should be terminated its representative qualification provisions. The third chapter of the disciplinary rules of use prescribed in the discipline rectifying process, non convergence, not close hand classified as severely or heavier punishment. "Discipline straighten "At least eighteen years of five years, these five years is to pay close attention to the provisions of the central eight implementation and anti -" four winds ". The fourth chapter on suspicion of illegal party disciplinary distinguish five different conditions, with special provisions were made provisions, to achieve effective convergence of Party and country 9 method. < rule > the provisions of Article 27, Party organizations in the disciplinary review found that party members have committed embezzlement, bribery, dereliction of duty dereliction of duty and other criminal law act is suspected of committing a crime shall give cancel party posts, probation or expelled from the party. The second is < Regulations > Article 28 the provisions of Party organizations in the disciplinary review But found that party members are stipulated in the criminal law, although not involved in a crime shall be investigated for Party discipline and responsibility should be depending on the specific circumstances shall be given a warning until expelled punishment. This situation and a difference is that the former regulation behavior has been suspected of a crime, the feeling is quite strict, and the latter for the behavior not involving crime, only the objective performance of the provisions of the criminal code of behavior, but the plot is a crime to slightly. < Regulations > the 29 provisions, Party organizations in the discipline review found that party members and other illegal behavior, affect the party's image, the damage to the party, the state and the people's interests, we should depend on the situation Seriousness given disciplinary action. The loss of Party members, seriously damaging the party's image of behavior, should be given expelled from the party. At this article is party member is in violation of the criminal law outside the other illegal acts, such as violates the public security administration punishment law, customs law, financial laws and regulations behavior. The fourth is < cases > Article 32 stipulates, minor party members and the circumstances of the crime, the people's Procuratorate shall make a decision not to initiate a prosecution, or the people's court shall make a conviction and exempted from criminal punishment shall be given within the party is removed from his post, probation or expelled from the party. Party members and crime, sheets were fined in accordance with For acts; the principal Ordinance amended the provisions of the preceding paragraph. This is the new content, in order to achieve Ji method effective convergence. Five is < > the thirty third article 10 of the provisions, the Party member due to an intentional crime is sentenced to criminal law (including probation) sheets or additional deprivation of political rights; due to negligence crime and was sentenced to three years or more (excluding three years) a penalty, shall give expelled punishment. Due to negligence crime is convicted and sentenced to three years (including three years) in prison or be sentenced to public surveillance, detention, shall in general be expelled from the party. For the individual may not be expelled from the party, should control Approval. This is followed and retained the original > < Regulations the provisions of punishment party authorization rules and report to a level party organizations. For is "party members with criminal acts, and by the criminal punishment, generally should be expelled from the party". The fifth chapter of probationary Party member of the discipline and discipline after missing members of the treatment and punishment decisions, such as the implementation of the provisions, clear the related party discipline and punishment decision made after, for duties, wages and other relevant alteration formalities for the longest time. 2, sub sub section will the original regulations of 10 categories of acts of violation of discipline integration revised into 6 categories, respectively, in violation of the punishments for acts of political discipline "in violation of discipline behavior of punishment" in violation of integrity of disciplinary action points "of violation punishments for acts of mass discipline" "the violation of work discipline, punishment" in violation of discipline of life behavior punishment "6 chapters. 3, annex" Supplementary Provisions "clear authority making supplementary provisions of, cases of interpretative organ, as well as regulations implementation time and retroactivity etc.. 11 (3) learning understanding > < regulations needs to grasp several key problems The first problem -- about the violation of political discipline behavior > < new ordinance chapter 6 the political discipline column for the six disciplines, that is the main opposition to Party leadership and the opposition of the basic theory, basic line, basic program and basic experience, basic requirements of misconduct made provisions of the disposition, especially the eighteen since the CPC Central Committee put forward the Yan Mingzheng treatment of discipline and political rules requirements and practical achievements transformation for Discipline article, increase the false debate central policies, cliques, against the organization review, make no discipline of the principle of harmony terms. These are the party's eighteen years in comprehensive strictly Process combined with the practice of rich content. (1) false debate the central policies and undermine the Party of centralized and unified the problem is made in accordance with the provisions of the party constitution. Constitution in general programme requirements adhere to democratic centralism is one of the requirements of the construction of the party must adhere to the four cardinal. Application of this principle is not only the party the basic organization principle and is also the mass line in party life, it requires that we must fully develop inner-party democracy, respect for the dominant position of Party members, safeguarding the Party member democratic rights, give full play to the enthusiasm and creativity of the party organizations at all levels and Party members, at the same time, also must implement the right concentration, ensure the party's mission < the chaos in unity and concerted action to ensure that the party's decision to get quickly and effectively implementing. The Party Central Committee formulated the major principles and policies, through different channels and ways, fully listen to the party organizations and Party members of the opinions and suggestions, but 12 is some people face to face not to say back blather "" will not say, after the meeting said, "" Taiwan does not say, and nonsense ", in fact, not only disrupt the people thought, some causing serious consequences, the damage to the Party of the centralized and unified, hinder the central policy implementation, but also a serious violation of the democratic system of principles. There is no doubt that shall, in accordance with the Regulations > 4 Specified in Article 6 to give the appropriate punishment. For did not cause serious consequences, to give criticism and education or the corresponding tissue processing. (2) about the destruction of the party's unity < New Regulations > the forty eighth to fifty second article, to damage Party's unity unified and violation of political discipline, punishment situation made explicit provisions. Article 52 of the new "in the party get round group, gangs seek private gain, cliques, cultivate private forces or through the exchange of interests, for their own to create momentum and other activities to gain political capital, given a serious warning or withdraw from their party posts disposition; if the circumstances are serious, to give Leave a party to observation or expelled from the party. (3) on against the organization review of the provisions of the constitution, party loyalty honesty is party members must comply with the obligations. Members must obey the organization decision, shall not violate the organization decided encounters by asking questions to find organization, rely on the organization, shall not deceive the organization, against the organization. For example, after the investigation does not take the initiative to explain the situation, but to engage in offensive and defensive alliance, hiding the stolen money is against survey organization, is a violation of the behavior of political discipline. Article 24 of the original > < Regulations, although the provisions of the interference, hinder group review the behavior of the fabric can be severely or 13 Aggravated punishment, but did not put this kind of behavior alone as a discipline for qualitative amount of discipline. > < new regulations increase the Article 57, "anti organization review, one of the following acts, given a warning or serious warning; if the circumstances are relatively serious, giving removed from or placed on probation within the party post; if the circumstances are serious, give expelled from the party: (a) on supply or forged, destroyed, transfer, conceal evidence; (II) to prevent others expose, providing evidence Material; (III) harboring co personnel; (4) to the organization to provide false information, to hide the fact; (5) the him against the acts of the organization review. "< rule > add this clause to the Constitution requires more specific, the previous no punishment in accordance with the definite list and put forward clear punishment in accordance with. (4) about organizing or participating in superstitious activities as < Regulations > about engage in activities of feudal superstition obstruction of social management order" violations of Article 164 the provisions, but according to the original < rule > only in disrupting production, work, social life order The case to be disciplinary treatment, in other words, alone make the feudal superstition, organize or participate in the activities of feudal superstition of, does not constitute a violation. Which is not consistent with the requirements of our party's political party. > < new regulations in this change is, superstitious activities on the political discipline, increase the Article 58, is the organization of Party members, in superstitious activities included in violation of the negative list of political discipline deserves punishment, which and Party members should adhere to the correct political principle, political standpoint and viewpoint is consistent. 14 the second question about organization and discipline violation behavior of democratic centralism is our The party's fundamental organizational system. < New Regulations > Chapter 7 "in violation of the behavior of organizational discipline punishment" mainly for violation of democratic centralism, contrary to the "four obey the discipline behavior for source classification rules. Increased not in accordance with the relevant provisions or requirements to the organization for instructions to report on major issues; do not report truthfully report about personal matters; falsify personal archives; hide before joining the party serious mistakes; leading cadres in violation of the relevant provisions of the organization, will participate in the spontaneous formation of the old Xiang, Alumni Association, comrades in arms; to obtain illegal country residence abroad or foreign nationality, illegal for private frontier Documents such as discipline terms. (1) on the report truthfully report personal matters in 2010 the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China office, office of the State Council introduced < provisions on issues related to the leading cadres to report personal >, is clear about the request, deputy division level and above leading cadres should truthfully report changes in my marriage and spouse, children, moved to the country (territory), practitioners, income, real estate, investment and other matters, for failing to report, do not report, concealed and unreported, according to the seriousness of the case, giving criticism and education, and to make a correction within a time limit, shall be ordered to make a check, the commandment Jiemian conversation, informed criticism or jobs, free Post processing, constitute violations, in accordance with the relevant provisions shall be given a disciplinary sanction. But since the original < Regulations > and there is no corresponding specific terms, the violation of the regulations, do not report, as a false report about personal matters, there is no corresponding disciplinary action terms, in practice it is difficult to operate. In this regard, in order to solve is not reported, as a false report about personal matters 15 asked censure, the new < Regulations > add the Article 67 of violation of personal matters related to reporting requirements, report truthfully report the clear punishment basis, making this kind of violation behavior is no longer free drilling for Exhibition on matters of personal checks to verify and supervision of cadres, discipline review provides a powerful discipline guarantee. (2) about the illegal organization, to fellow, alumni, friends of the war will < regulations stipulated in Article 68 of >, leading cadres of the party in violation of relevant provisions of the organization, will participate in the spontaneous formation of fellow, Alumni Association, comrade in arms to give the punishment according to the seriousness of the case. Here special needs note is three points: this provision for only the leading cadres ", reflecting the high requirements of leading cadres; second violation in 2002, the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, the central Organization Department and the The relevant provisions of the General Political Department jointly issued the < off in leading cadres not to participate in the initiative to set up "the villagers would be" alumni "" comrades in arms organization notice >. That is to say, to the spontaneous formation of fellow, Alumni Association, comrades in arms will constitute the premise of discipline is a violation of the provisions of this. The notification specified, leading cadres are not allowed to participate in the spontaneous incorporation of fellow, alumni, between comrades association would like the organization and shall not bear the sorority Human and the organizer shall not hold the corresponding position in the sorority; shall not borrow machine woven "network" and engage in kiss sparsely, round and round the gangs, but not "align" "Jieyi Gold Orchid" behavior. The third is to emphasize here that shall be organized to participate in the initiative to set up the villager, Alumni Association, comrades in arms. The so-called 16 spontaneous was established mainly means without registration. Therefore, Party members include leading cadres in the normal range of fellow, alumni, comrades in the party is not a violation of the rules of Party discipline. The three problem about integrity violations discipline Lian Jie discipline has been eighteen years clean government and anti The focus of the work of corruption. This Ordinance to amend, honesty and discipline this biggest adjustment, the new content, most of which prescribed by the original < criterion of a clean and honest administration > 8 ban and 52 are not allowed into the basic this part. (1) the central eight provisions of the spirit and requirements into < New > in the regulations of the party's eighteen years, central resolutely implement the provisions of the eight and pay close attention to the node and intensive briefing, on public funds, private bus, public funds tourism, gifts of public funds, the big parade and lavish weddings and festive, illegal payment allowances and subsidies, illegal construction of buildings such as the original masses reflects the relatively strong, "four winds" problem of the Resolute rectification. But original < Regulations > to eat and drink, super standard reception and no clear and specific expression, new < rule > will implement eight Central provisions of the spirit of the problem increased to "clean cheap self-discipline" chapter, clear to exceed the standard, beyond the scope of the reception or borrow machine eating and drinking etc. some in violation of the provisions of the spirit of the eight central relevant persons responsible for punishment, once the violation will be according to the < rule > severely punished, binding, enhanced significantly. One is to add Article 87, about to obtain illegal, hold, and the actual use of the sports card, golf ball cards and other consumer card. Illegal access to private clubs made the punishment provisions. The second is increase the Article 97, has made provisions of the disposition of illegal self pay or 17 spamming allowances, subsidies and bonuses. The third is added to the Article 99, on violation of super standard, beyond the scope of the reception or borrow machine eat and drink to make the provisions of punishment. The fourth is to increase the Article 101, on the management of conference activities in violation of the provisions made sanctions regulations. The fifth is the increased Article 102, for violation of office space management provisions made the punishment provisions. Six is to split the original < rule > Article 78, formed article 98, Article 100 of public Models of tourism, violate the provisions on the administration of the use of discipline of the bus through the list of made a more detailed provisions, apply more operational. Seven is increased the article 96, in violation of the relevant provisions of the, to participate in public funds to pay for dinner, high consumption of entertainment, fitness activities and public funds to buy gift, send gifts to make the provisions of the disposition. On the violation of the central provisions of the spirit of the eight, in addition to > < new regulations into "violation of honesty and self-discipline" misconduct outside, is different with the original < Regulations >, revised < rule > clearly defined not only to disposition of the directly responsible persons, but also dispose of collar Guide responsibilities. (2) increased trading rights, use of authority or position influence as relatives and close to profit violation of the terms of the < New Regulations > absorption < clean politics several guidelines > the relevant provisions spirit, increase the "negative list, including trading rights, the functions and powers or duties of influence as relatives and staff around profit. Increase Article 81" mutual use of office or authority ring for each other and their spouses, children and their spouses and other relatives, around 18 personnel and other specific relationship between the people to seek benefits engage in trading rights, given a warning or serious warning Sanctions; if the circumstances are relatively serious, giving removed from or placed on probation within the party post; if the circumstances are serious, shall be expelled from the party. Increase Article 82 "connivance, acquiescence to the spouse, children and spouse etc. relatives and staff around the effect of Party members and cadres personal authority or position for personal gain, if the circumstances are relatively minor, given a warning or a serious warning; if the circumstances are relatively serious, giving removed from or placed on probation within the party post; if the circumstances are serious, the given Expelled from the party. Party members and cadres of the spouses, children and their spouses does the actual work and get salary or although the actual work but to receive significantly beyond the same rank salary standard, Party members and cadres informed fails to correct, in accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraph. "(3) about the gifts, gifts misconduct from handling practices in recent years, engaged in official cadres received gifts, gifts problems more prominent. This has seriously affected the image of Party members and cadres, damaged the relations between the party and the masses, and is a hotbed of corruption, is really necessary for this kind of behavior to be disciplined. < rule > no on accepting gifts, gifts, Card consumption behavior to engage in simple "one size fits all", but the difference between the different separately. One is in accordance with the provisions of Article 83, accepting may affect the impartial enforcement of the official gifts, gifts, consumer cards to depending on the seriousness of the case shall be given disciplinary sanctions. That is to say, for may affect the fair execution of business gifts, gifts, consumer cards are not allowed to accept. 19 is in accordance with the provisions of Article 83, accepting was significantly higher than normal ceremony is still exchanges of gifts, gifts, consumer card to disciplinary action. This is new regulations that daily life is purely reciprocity, accepting the same thing, boys , fellow friends gifts, gifts, shopping cards, although and fair execution of business has nothing to do, also want to as the case shall be dealt with, the situation is obviously beyond normal reciprocity ". The so-called" reciprocity ", one is emphasizes the reciprocal in protocol. In other words is you to me how, I to you how, not only does not go. The second is to significantly exceeded the normal local economy level, customs and habits, economic capacity of individual gifts, gift value. Specific sanctions to according to the processing of a variety of factors to consider, as appropriate. The third is the root according to the provisions of Article 84," to Engaged in public service personnel and their spouses and children, children's spouses and other relatives and other specific relationship presented Ming Xianchao normal reciprocity of gifts, gifts, consumer card, if the circumstances are relatively serious, given a warning until probation. "In accordance with the above provisions, gift giving significantly beyond the normal reciprocity, giver constitute the discipline. (4) on illegal trading of stocks or of other regulations of securities investment < > Article 88 is engaged in punishment regulation of camp and activity in violation of the relevant provisions on. Among them, 3 will" buying and selling stocks or in other securities investment "column as one of disciplinary cases Out. First need to be clear, > < regulations did not change the provisions of the Ordinance. The ordinance of the provisions of the second paragraph of Article 77 provisions "who, in violation of the provisions of the sale of stocks" is one of the violation, and at the beginning of the first paragraph of this article "violation of 20 against the relevant provisions of the" textual representation of the repeat revision. In, just from the legislative technique removed the "personal" in violation of the provisions, content and not to change the original provisions. Need to clear is, "buy or sell a stock or of other securities investment" refers to violation of the relevant provisions refers to in April 2001, the Party Central Committee, the State Council promulgated the On the work of the party and government organs staff's personal investment in securities if dry provisions >. According to the provisions of Article 3, use of work time, office facilities, the sale of stocks and securities investment fund belongs to illegal behavior. The fourth question, about the violation of the masses of the disciplinary actions < new regulations > would violate public discipline behavior of a single set of a class of restored "three rules of discipline and eight note" in the discipline of the masses of excellent traditional. < New Regulations > Chapter 9 "to violate the masses of disciplinary action", mainly the destruction of the party's close ties with the masses of misconduct made provisions on disciplinary; enrich and perfect the super standard, beyond the scope of Xiang Qun < All to raise fund and labor, in for involving the public affairs deliberately, chinakayao, in social security, policy support, disaster relief funds and materials and other matters assigned any kind and affectionate friends, obviously unfair acts against the interests of the masses of the disciplinary terms; increase the terms not in accordance with the provisions of the public party provided, government, factory and village (neighborhood) provided etc. violation of the people's right to know the behavior of the discipline. The fifth issue, on the violation of work discipline violation of work discipline added "negative list, including Party organizations carry out strictly Main responsibility for poor discipline terms. (1) the new party organization comprehensive strictly the main responsibility of the party does not fulfill the 21 or perform poor disciplinary terms < New Regulations > has a lead people to pay attention to the new terms, that is, in chapter ten "on the violation of work discipline behavior punishment" increase in the one hundred and fourteenth "party fail to perform comprehensive strictly the main responsibility of the party or to perform comprehensive strictly the main responsibility for administering the ineffective, resulting in serious damage or serious adverse effects, to the person directly responsible and the responsibility of leadership and give a warning or serious warning. The situation is serious, giving removed from their party posts or on probation Punishment. "Here the changes. For the first time, the main responsibility write < rule >. (2) new shall report does not report or false reporting discipline shall increase the 117 bar" in the higher level units to check to inspect the work or report to the parent unit, work report of shall report the matters do not report or do not report, cause serious damage or serious adverse effects of, to the person directly responsible and the responsibility of leadership, to give warning or a serious warning; if the circumstances are serious, giving removed from their party posts or placed on probation. "For example, during the tour visits to the region, the unit Members the obligation to the inspection teams to reflect the true situation, to conceal not reported or intentionally to the inspection teams to provide false information, causing serious damage or serious adverse effects of, the person directly responsible and the responsibility of leadership should be in accordance with the provisions of < rule > Article 117 to give the appropriate punishment. (3) the new not granted in accordance with the provisions of punishment, not according to the provisions of the implementation of disciplinary measures 22 violation of the provisions of Article 115 "Party organizations have one of the following circumstances, the direct leadership responsibility. Probation: members were sentenced punished, in accordance with the provisions give disciplinary action or in violation of state law Rules of behavior should be given disciplinary punishment and dispose of; disciplinary punishment by decision or complaint review the decision made, not in accordance with the provisions of the implementation decisions on punishment of the party, position, rank, and the treatment of the matters; Party members subject to disciplinary action, not in accordance with the cadre management authority and organizational relationships of by dispose of Party members to carry out education and supervision of daily management. "What needs to be pointed out is," cliff "demoted with cars, housing, secretary problem, implementation is not a discipline and party posts and ranks treatment by the organization department is responsible for the implementation, with cars, housing by the logistics department is responsible for the implementation of, Ji Commission responsible oversight responsibilities. The six questions, about the acts violating the discipline of life "in violation of discipline of life behavior punishment", mainly to "four winds" problems and a serious violation of social morality, family virtue acts of misconduct made provisions on disciplinary, an increase of extravagant life, contrary to the social public order and good customs disciplinary terms. Worth mentioning is, > < Regulations in Article 150 about "adultery" "mistress (Cardiff) formulation in the new < rule > is removed, to expand the scope of Article 127 provisions" and others hair improper sexual relations, let face disciplinary action Wider more strict. Four, and earnestly do a good job in the < code > and < rule > implement system of life lies in execution. < code > and < Regulations > is 23 Party organizations at all levels of a strong constraint and all Party members follow. Learning and implementing the < code > and < rule > is party committees (party), commission for discipline, discipline inspection group), the majority of Party members and cadres of the common responsibility, must party caught together, the party one execution. () Party committees (party) and play and implement comprehensive strictly the main responsibility, pays special attention to the two party regulations learning cross penetration. One is to Adhere to the party constitution is fundamental to follow, and resolutely safeguard the authority of the Party Chapter. The second is to adhere to the problem oriented, to strictly political discipline and political rule moments in the first place. The third is to adhere to the discipline and rules quite in front must not allow the bottom line to break the discipline. The fourth is to seriously organize the study of propaganda and education, in the city party members to create a disciplined, about the rules of the strong atmosphere. (II) Commission for Discipline Inspection at all levels (Discipline Inspection Group) to an important basis for the revised two party regulations as, adhere to easily blame, strengthen supervision and enforcement And early method in combining Ji, increase accountability efforts. One is to two regulations within the party important basis, adhere to the party constitution duties, with strict discipline to maintain the constitution authority. The second is to adhere to high standards and keep the bottom line, adhere to Ji Yan in law and discipline, the discipline and rules quite in front, grasping grasping small, easily blame, comprehensive use of supervision and discipline of "four kinds of form" in the discipline embodies the strict requirements and care for the discipline, tighten up, Yan. According to discipline in accordance with regulations to carry out disciplinary review. Increase the violations punishment, clues can initiate an investigation on the trial of cases According to the discipline on the provisions of the proportion of processing and control manager maintains discipline. To focus on investigating non convergence, don't accept hand serious disciplinary violations at the same time, pay more attention to the general review of discipline 24 behavior, and gradually increase the lighter punishment. Four is to illuminate two party regulations, combined with the local district of the Department of party conduct Lianzheng to relevant laws and regulations system clean, timely research proposes to establish, change, waste release opinion, avoid conflict, and the fasten system of cage, and gradually formed not rot, not rot, not want to rot system and working mechanism. (3) the leadership of the party members and cadres should play an exemplary role. The rate of higher consciousness of the front of the Ordinance to lead practice self-discipline norms, leading to maintain discipline of seriousness and authority. One is the above rate, demonstration and guidance, take the lead in learning and mastering the < code > and < > the requirements and regulations, do the deep understanding, learning to use. The second is to play an exemplary role in abiding by discipline rate, take the lead in practicing self-discipline norms, firmly establish before the discipline are equal, the system has no privilege, discipline is no exception, and consciously do standards, require more strict measures more practical. Third is to consciously accept supervision, conscientiously participate in the democratic life and debriefing honesty responsibility, such as Real to the party organization to report personal matters, and to accept the supervision of the work and life of the normal, habits under the supervision of the exercise of power, to carry out the work. The fourth is to set an example for the strict enforcement of discipline. Leading cadres should take the lead in the maintenance of discipline of seriousness and authority, to dare to seriously, dare to struggle, dare to offend people, for misconduct not laissez faire, but do not indulge, not tolerate to ensure the party constitution of party compasses party put in place. (4) the majority of Party members and cadres to set high standards and hold the bottom line, consciously abide by the < code > and < rule >. One is to control the < standard > and < 25 cases >, tight Close connection with their own thoughts, practical work and life, efforts to solve the problems, to enhance the study and implement of the effectiveness and pertinence. The second is to establish a high standard and hold the bottom line, consciously in the self-discipline pursuit of high standards, strictly in the party away from the red line discipline, discipline, about the rules and know fear, distrust, the formation of the honor system, comply with the system, safeguard system of good habits. Regulations and discipline regulations of < < New Revision of the Communist Party of China clean fingered self-discipline criterion > and < Chinese Communist Party Disciplinary Regulations > is the Party Central Committee in the new situation to promote the comprehensive strictly root of the lift, the regulations of the party construction of keeping pace with the times. We should study and implement the Standards > and < > as the primary political task, adhere to the party constitution duties, adhere to the discipline of, Ji Yan in law, the full implementation of supervision and discipline accountability responsibilities for coordination and promotion "four overall" strategic layout in XX District vivid practice to provide a strong guarantee. - Si Jian Wu, and effectively enhance the implementation of the implementation of the < code > < > The consciousness of General Secretary Xi pointed out that the party is in charge of the party, to manage the party; strictly, it can cure good party. Criterion > and < rule > keep pace with the times is our party to form a new potential strictly rules, to deepen understanding of the ruling law, is a comprehensive strictly, and strengthen the supervision within the party important grasper. Criterion > closely linked to the theme of self-discipline, self-discipline intensity-modulated, focusing on morality, for the majority of Party members and cadres set to see, feel the high standard, show the Communists noble moral sentiment; District Ordinance < < rule > the constitution of discipline integration into a political discipline, organization and discipline, honesty and discipline, discipline of the masses, work discipline, discipline, emphasize discipline, focusing on established rules, to draw the party organizations and Party members do not touch the bottom line. Party committees (party) to effectively strengthen the study and publicize the implementation of the < code > and < rule > the organization and leadership of criterion > and < > a full range, multi angle, deep publicity, the formation of study and publicize and implement the boom, in order to consolidate the development of good political environment to create a positive environment and atmosphere. The majority of Party members and cadres to strict requirements, the < rule > and < Ordinance cases > as a guide to action and behavior criterion, adhere to the moral standards and discipline of the bottom line, to maintain the discipline of worship and awe, learning, compliance, and maintain party discipline and rules of the model. The discipline inspection and supervision organs and cadres to the < code > and < > as the deepening of the "three", and strengthen supervision and discipline of accountability is important to follow correctly grasp the use of supervision and discipline of "four types", promote the comprehensive strictly in new roots. Strict discipline, adhere to the discipline and rules quite in front of the enterprise in the implementation of expensive to implement to execute. The discipline inspection and supervision organs to implement the < code > and < Efforts to investigate cases > as an opportunity, adhere to the party should manage the party strictly, serious performance of their duties to promote two regulations implementation. Change discipline concept. From the simple "investigation of illegal" to a comprehensive "stare at violate discipline"; from the business case to prosecute the big cases and timely solve the signs of tilt to. From the orientation to the normal supervision; from the tube "minority" to resist the "most". Guide Party members and cadres to seriously implement the < code > and < rule >, consciously abide by the political, organizational, honest people, work, life six discipline. Urge the leadership cadres sent to play an exemplary role, take the lead in strictly enforced. Relaxation and rest Strong wind is Su Ji, closely linked to the "four winds" prone to multiple, the masses reflect the strong important nodes and, glued to the four winds "new form, new trends, seriously investigate and deal with violations of the central eight provisions of the spirit, to increase the bulletin exposure intensity, the formation of Chajiu" four winds "loudly, continue to release and discipline must be strict signal. At the same time, extended supervision tentacles, through the development of the rural and fishery party conduct Lianzheng construction inspection, issued in a timely manner, Chajiu occurred in grassroots side of corruption and unhealthy, and earnestly safeguard the interests of the masses and social stability. The creativity and discipline. Grasp and make good use of the supervision and discipline of" four types ", to ensure the Promoting clues to lots of discipline and the law of the vacuum tube, strict together. Not only to the "less" and "very few" thorough investigation severely punished, but also the "most" to maintain zero tolerance trend through layers of conductive pressure, let the discipline about the rules for each party members and cadres consciously follow. At present, it is necessary to implement the "list" management, strictly follow the clues to the disposal of five standards, make the classification of disposal, dynamic cleanup. Zadok Party committees at all levels to implement the main responsibility, comprehensive use of disciplinary action and tissue processing and other means to effectively curb the commonplace, used to see do not blame the "small problem", not because of "practice" and "exception". Prominent Discipline characteristics, the problems of violation of discipline and rules into the focus of supervision and discipline and disciplinary review. At the same time, increase case double check the intensity, the serious problems of discipline violations or "four winds" ban but not absolutely, not only to be held directly responsible, but also held leadership responsibility; not only to pursue studies the main responsibility of the Party committee, and to pursue Commission for Discipline Inspection and supervision responsibilities and promote accountability to become the new norm. The implementation of supervisory responsibility. Maintain < code > and < rule > the seriousness and authority of the discipline and rules and truly become the party's ruler. Discipline as supervision within the party the specialized agency, we must strengthen the responsibility to act, adhere to the Impartial discipline accountability, earnestly will be strict discipline, discipline must be punished, and severely punish the acts in violation of rules and regulations.