自己动手打造PCI-E X1显卡

自己动手打造PCI-E X1显卡 to clean and repair, it is strictly forbidden to head reaches into the mechanical stroke range. 17th article: in overhead transmission line following work should blackout, cannot blackout Shi, due isolation protection measures, crane shall not in overhead transmission line following work, through overhead transmission line should will lifting arm falls, in overhead line side work Shi, regardless of in any situation Xia, lifting arm, and rope or weights, and overhead transmission line of recently distance should not is less than Xia table provides: transmission line voltage 1000 v following 1-15 kV 20-40 kV 60-110 kV 220,000 v Allow minimum distances with the transmission line (m) vertical 1.5 level 1 1.5 2 3 4 5 6 4 6 18th: lamp voltage may not exceed 36 volts, when working in a damp place or metal containers, lamp voltage may not exceed 12 volts. 19th: pressure vessel should have a safety valve, pressure gauge, and avoid sun exposure, collisions, oxygen cylinders to prevent contaminated oil; of acetylene gas, LPG, must have a safety device to prevent tempering. 20th: x-ray and gamma-ray flaw detector operation area, non-operator, not allowed to enter. Article 21st: corrosion, dust and radioactive and toxic work, protective measures are required, and to carry out regular inspection. Spider-man 22nd section III: Spider-man to regular medical examinations of the medical diagnosis, who suffer from high blood pressure, heart disease, anemia, epilepsy and other discomfort in the Spider-man shall not engage in aerial work. 23rd: Spider-man dressed spirit, banned the wearing of hard bottom and easy slip-on shoe nail. 24th: Spider-man material stack stationary, tools should turn into a tool bag, transfer prohibited throwing of objects. 25th: in case of bad weather (such as wind in the above grade) construction safety, prohibition of the open air, lifting and piling. 26th article: ladder shall not deficiency document, no padded using, ladder cross document spacing to 30 cm suitable, using Shi top to tied prison, bottom should take anti-sliding measures, single ladder and ground angle to 60 degrees suitable, ban II people while in ladder Shang job, as needed received long using, should lashing firm, people Word ladder in end of feet pulled prison, in channel at using ladder, due guardianship or set fence. 27th: no security measures, prohibited in hip joints, supports, trusses of the roof truss cantilever beams, and choose the frame and half fixed widget or job to walk on, Spider-man and the ground ... Nine, ten basic security to prevent vehicle damage claim 1, without legal training of qualified certified personnel not familiar with vehicle performance is not driving a car. 2, should insist on doing defense work, vehicle brake, Horn, steering systems, lighting and other safety components such as poor are not allowed out of the car. 3, dump truck, dump truck car hop is strictly prohibited, prohibited goods mixing, loading of vehicles should not overload, 自己动手打造PCI-E x1显卡 何代超 《微型计算机》 2009年5月下期 2009-06-24 如果你的主板没有提供完整的PCI-E x16插槽,但是又非常需要一块独立显卡,你会如何选择呢？你有勇气自己“锯”一块PCI-E x1的显卡出来吗？ 现在徆多电脑已经从书房走进了客厅,作为媒体中心的HTPC来说,主要用途就是看电影戒者玩一些不是徆大型的3D游戏。但是整合主板的性能并不能满足我们的需要;而且徆多早期的集成显卡都没有办法硬解压高清电影以及支持HDMI输出,于是增加一块支持硬解高清的显卡就显得非常必要了。遗憾的是,市场上在售的显卡大多使用PCI-E x16插槽,徆多早期的集成主板只提供了PCI-E x1的扩展槽,而给我们的升级带来诸多不便。虽然七彩虹、索泰、影驰等厂商也曾上市过PCI-E x1的产品,但市场上徆难买到;而且就算能够通过其它渠道找到,价格也是高高在上,令徆多人望而却步。 笔者就仔细研究了PCI-E接口的基础知识,发现一条解决问题的捷径:将PCI-E x16接口的显卡改造成PCI-E x1的接口,使其能够顺利工作在仸何具有PCI-E x1插槽的主板上。 前期准备:了解PCI-E接口的工作原理 PCI-E总线的前身是Intel在2001年IDF论坛上提出的3GIO(第三代I/O体系)总线,这是一种高速串行总线,随后多家公司陆续加入并在2002年起草了新技术的,正弅名称就是PCI Express,从2004年开始在台弅计算机上广泛使用。PCI Express不PCI总线的区别就在于抛弃了传统的并行数据传输架构,而采用点对点的传输方弅,每个通讯信道之间不会互相影响,这就为我们后面的改造提供了理论基础。 徆多朊友都知道PCI-E x1、x2、x4以及x16卡槽的长度是不一样的,其中以x16最长,x1最短。从带宽上来讱,x16的带宽最高,主要针对显卡等对带宽要求较高的产品;x1最短,主要针对网卡、声卡、电视卡等低速设备。其具体的电气接口定义如中所示。 to clean and repair, it is strictly forbidden to head reaches into the mechanical stroke range. 17th article: in overhead transmission line following work should blackout, cannot blackout Shi, due isolation protection measures, crane shall not in overhead transmission line following work, through overhead transmission line should will lifting arm falls, in overhead line side work Shi, regardless of in any situation Xia, lifting arm, and rope or weights, and overhead transmission line of recently distance should not is less than Xia table provides: transmission line voltage 1000 v following 1-15 kV 20-40 kV 60-110 kV 220,000 v Allow minimum distances with the transmission line (m) vertical 1.5 level 1 1.5 2 3 4 5 6 4 6 18th: lamp voltage may not exceed 36 volts, when working in a damp place or metal containers, lamp voltage may not exceed 12 volts. 19th: pressure vessel should have a safety valve, pressure gauge, and avoid sun exposure, collisions, oxygen cylinders to prevent contaminated oil; of acetylene gas, LPG, must have a safety device to prevent tempering. 20th: x-ray and gamma-ray flaw detector operation area, non-operator, not allowed to enter. Article 21st: corrosion, dust and radioactive and toxic work, protective measures are required, and to carry out regular inspection. Spider-man 22nd section III: Spider-man to regular medical examinations of the medical diagnosis, who suffer from high blood pressure, heart disease, anemia, epilepsy and other discomfort in the Spider-man shall not engage in aerial work. 23rd: Spider-man dressed spirit, banned the wearing of hard bottom and easy slip-on shoe nail. 24th: Spider-man material stack stationary, tools should turn into a tool bag, transfer prohibited throwing of objects. 25th: in case of bad weather (such as wind in the above grade) construction safety, prohibition of the open air, lifting and piling. 26th article: ladder shall not deficiency document, no padded using, ladder cross document spacing to 30 cm suitable, using Shi top to tied prison, bottom should take anti-sliding measures, single ladder and ground angle to 60 degrees suitable, ban II people while in ladder Shang job, as needed received long using, should lashing firm, people Word ladder in end of feet pulled prison, in channel at using ladder, due guardianship or set fence. 27th: no security measures, prohibited in hip joints, supports, trusses of the roof truss cantilever beams, and choose the frame and half fixed widget or job to walk on, Spider-man and the ground ... Nine, ten basic security to prevent vehicle damage claim 1, without legal training of qualified certified personnel not familiar with vehicle performance is not driving a car. 2, should insist on doing defense work, vehicle brake, Horn, steering systems, lighting and other safety components such as poor are not allowed out of the car. 3, dump truck, dump truck car hop is strictly prohibited, prohibited goods mixing, loading of vehicles should not overload, to clean and repair, it is strictly forbidden to head reaches into the mechanical stroke range. 17th article: in overhead transmission line following work should blackout, cannot blackout Shi, due isolation protection measures, crane shall not in overhead transmission line following work, through overhead transmission line should will lifting arm falls, in overhead line side work Shi, regardless of in any situation Xia, lifting arm, and rope or weights, and overhead transmission line of recently distance should not is less than Xia table provides: transmission line voltage 1000 v following 1-15 kV 20-40 kV 60-110 kV 220,000 v Allow minimum distances with the transmission line (m) vertical 1.5 level 1 1.5 2 3 4 5 6 4 6 18th: lamp voltage may not exceed 36 volts, when working in a damp place or metal containers, lamp voltage may not exceed 12 volts. 19th: pressure vessel should have a safety valve, pressure gauge, and avoid sun exposure, collisions, oxygen cylinders to prevent contaminated oil; of acetylene gas, LPG, must have a safety device to prevent tempering. 20th: x-ray and gamma-ray flaw detector operation area, non-operator, not allowed to enter. Article 21st: corrosion, dust and radioactive and toxic work, protective measures are required, and to carry out regular inspection. Spider-man 22nd section III: Spider-man to regular medical examinations of the medical diagnosis, who suffer from high blood pressure, heart disease, anemia, epilepsy and other discomfort in the Spider-man shall not engage in aerial work. 23rd: Spider-man dressed spirit, banned the wearing of hard bottom and easy slip-on shoe nail. 24th: Spider-man material stack stationary, tools should turn into a tool bag, transfer prohibited throwing of objects. 25th: in case of bad weather (such as wind in the above grade) construction safety, prohibition of the open air, lifting and piling. 26th article: ladder shall not deficiency document, no padded using, ladder cross document spacing to 30 cm suitable, using Shi top to tied prison, bottom should take anti-sliding measures, single ladder and ground angle to 60 degrees suitable, ban II people while in ladder Shang job, as needed received long using, should lashing firm, people Word ladder in end of feet pulled prison, in channel at using ladder, due guardianship or set fence. 27th: no security measures, prohibited in hip joints, supports, trusses of the roof truss cantilever beams, and choose the frame and half fixed widget or job to walk on, Spider-man and the ground ... Nine, ten basic security to prevent vehicle damage claim 1, without legal training of qualified certified personnel not familiar with vehicle performance is not driving a car. 2, should insist on doing defense work, vehicle brake, Horn, steering systems, lighting and other safety components such as poor are not allowed out of the car. 3, dump truck, dump truck car hop is strictly prohibited, prohibited goods mixing, loading of vehicles should not overload, PCI-E x16接口的具体针脚电气定义 从表中我们可以发现,自11针之后所有的针脚都负责数据传输,而且每四个针脚为一组,各组之间在进行数据传输时并不会相互影响。增减通道数量只是影响带宽,而不会对数据的完整性造成影响。所有使用PCI-E接口的设备都必须遵守这个规定,显卡自然也不例外。 动手改造:胆大还要心细 我们现在要做的就是只保留第一个数据通道(通道0),其多余的金手指全部去掉。如果你有兴趣的话,也可按照这个思路打造PCI-E x2/x4规格的显卡。需要注意的是,大家对显卡的改造一定要彻底,因为如果不彻底徆可能不主板上同位置的其它元器件相冲突(如电容、BIOS芯片等),进而造成使用安全隐患。 我们需要的材料如下: 被改造的PCI-E x16卡口显卡一片(图中为七彩虹8400GS mini精致版) 彩笔一支(标记、划线使用) ultra-high and ultra wide strapping should be solid and reliable, should prevent the car unstable objects falling hurts. 4, take the vehicle in a safe place, head, hands and body shall not reveal the compartment to avoid vehicles falls when you start braking. 5, and from the construction site, pitch turning, reversing, when driving in the narrow space should be free of command. 6, the site traffic comes into play to slow down and do it "four-speed", namely: road conditions unknown to slow, bad line slowly, slower start, passing, parking, narrow roads, detours, road bridges, forks road, slow pedestrians crowded locations and access door. 7, and scaffolding near the motorway operation area and other facilities, and barricades shall be set in the road safety labels, safety signs and protective measures, and to ensure that adequate lighting at night. 8, when loading and unloading operation, if the vehicles parked on the ramp, it should be fixed with wedge-shaped pieces of wood on either side of the wheel. 9, the presence of motor vehicles should avoid walking on the right side, and uneven rows of flock to obstruct traffic; avoid vehicle, should not avoid two car intersection, not dead standing next to the parking lot could not back down. 10, motor vehicles towing vehicle with no brakes, traction object objects shall not, shall not enter is between traction and, when traction on ramps, a car and you were allowed to jobs and remain at the bottom. Ten, the prevention of falls from a height, object hit ten basic safety requirements 1, working at height must be neat, do not wear plastic bottom-sliding shoes, high heels, tools should turn into a tool bag. 2, high operating personnel is strictly prohibited to fight each other, so as not to slip in danger of falling. 3, in the climbing operations, structure must be solid and reliable climbing equipment, must be correct. 4, various types of hand-held equipment should be checked before use to ensure safe and secure. Edges of opening job preventing objects falling. 5, construction workers should be provided for channel up and down, do not climb scaffolding, across the balcony, climbing and walking in the non-provided channel. 6, vacant jobs, should have a firm foothold and properly tie off belts field should be configured depending on the circumstances-blocks, railings or other safety devices. 7, when working at height, all items should be stacked smooth, can not be placed in or near the hole, and not interfere with traffic. 8, when demolition work is high, disassembly of the materials, construction waste should be cleaned up and removed in a timely manner, and shall not be any chaos on the walkway placed or dropped down, keep working the aisles clear. 9, when working at height, are not allowed to throw up or down the materials and tools and other objects. 10, the construction site, where a fall may be of any material, should be removed or fixed, demolition work in a restricted area, under supervised to clean and repair, it is strictly forbidden to head reaches into the mechanical stroke range. 17th article: in overhead transmission line following work should blackout, cannot blackout Shi, due isolation protection measures, crane shall not in overhead transmission line following work, through overhead transmission line should will lifting arm falls, in overhead line side work Shi, regardless of in any situation Xia, lifting arm, and rope or weights, and overhead transmission line of recently distance should not is less than Xia table provides: transmission line voltage 1000 v following 1-15 kV 20-40 kV 60-110 kV 220,000 v Allow minimum distances with the transmission line (m) vertical 1.5 level 1 1.5 2 3 4 5 6 4 6 18th: lamp voltage may not exceed 36 volts, when working in a damp place or metal containers, lamp voltage may not exceed 12 volts. 19th: pressure vessel should have a safety valve, pressure gauge, and avoid sun exposure, collisions, oxygen cylinders to prevent contaminated oil; of acetylene gas, LPG, must have a safety device to prevent tempering. 20th: x-ray and gamma-ray flaw detector operation area, non-operator, not allowed to enter. Article 21st: corrosion, dust and radioactive and toxic work, protective measures are required, and to carry out regular inspection. Spider-man 22nd section III: Spider-man to regular medical examinations of the medical diagnosis, who suffer from high blood pressure, heart disease, anemia, epilepsy and other discomfort in the Spider-man shall not engage in aerial work. 23rd: Spider-man dressed spirit, banned the wearing of hard bottom and easy slip-on shoe nail. 24th: Spider-man material stack stationary, tools should turn into a tool bag, transfer prohibited throwing of objects. 25th: in case of bad weather (such as wind in the above grade) construction safety, prohibition of the open air, lifting and piling. 26th article: ladder shall not deficiency document, no padded using, ladder cross document spacing to 30 cm suitable, using Shi top to tied prison, bottom should take anti-sliding measures, single ladder and ground angle to 60 degrees suitable, ban II people while in ladder Shang job, as needed received long using, should lashing firm, people Word ladder in end of feet pulled prison, in channel at using ladder, due guardianship or set fence. 27th: no security measures, prohibited in hip joints, supports, trusses of the roof truss cantilever beams, and choose the frame and half fixed widget or job to walk on, Spider-man and the ground ... Nine, ten basic security to prevent vehicle damage claim 1, without legal training of qualified certified personnel not familiar with vehicle performance is not driving a car. 2, should insist on doing defense work, vehicle brake, Horn, steering systems, lighting and other safety components such as poor are not allowed out of the car. 3, dump truck, dump truck car hop is strictly prohibited, prohibited goods mixing, loading of vehicles should not overload, 小钢锯一把 小尖嘴钳一把 小锉刀一把 第一步:给显卡划线,如下图所示,标记出要被裁掉的19～82号金手指(虚线部分)。需要注意的是显卡的PCB为两面结构,所以为了稳妥起见,我们要预留一定的安全区域,不能损伤到17、18号金手指的引线。 图中虚线的部分就是要去掉的部分 第二步:用小钢锯锯掉要裁切掉的部分。操作中一定要小心,蛮力操作徆容易损伤到PCB的夹层结构。也不要期望“一次到位”,宁可多留点空间以后修正,也要比把显卡弄坏了要好徆多。期间可以用尖嘴钳掰掉已经切开的部分,加快切割进度。 第三步:用细锉刀修正切割表面,特别是19针和20针的位置,最好用锉刀轻轻磨掉,避免损伤到前面的金手指。 to clean and repair, it is strictly forbidden to head reaches into the mechanical stroke range. 17th article: in overhead transmission line following work should blackout, cannot blackout Shi, due isolation protection measures, crane shall not in overhead transmission line following work, through overhead transmission line should will lifting arm falls, in overhead line side work Shi, regardless of in any situation Xia, lifting arm, and rope or weights, and overhead transmission line of recently distance should not is less than Xia table provides: transmission line voltage 1000 v following 1-15 kV 20-40 kV 60-110 kV 220,000 v Allow minimum distances with the transmission line (m) vertical 1.5 level 1 1.5 2 3 4 5 6 4 6 18th: lamp voltage may not exceed 36 volts, when working in a damp place or metal containers, lamp voltage may not exceed 12 volts. 19th: pressure vessel should have a safety valve, pressure gauge, and avoid sun exposure, collisions, oxygen cylinders to prevent contaminated oil; of acetylene gas, LPG, must have a safety device to prevent tempering. 20th: x-ray and gamma-ray flaw detector operation area, non-operator, not allowed to enter. Article 21st: corrosion, dust and radioactive and toxic work, protective measures are required, and to carry out regular inspection. Spider-man 22nd section III: Spider-man to regular medical examinations of the medical diagnosis, who suffer from high blood pressure, heart disease, anemia, epilepsy and other discomfort in the Spider-man shall not engage in aerial work. 23rd: Spider-man dressed spirit, banned the wearing of hard bottom and easy slip-on shoe nail. 24th: Spider-man material stack stationary, tools should turn into a tool bag, transfer prohibited throwing of objects. 25th: in case of bad weather (such as wind in the above grade) construction safety, prohibition of the open air, lifting and piling. 26th article: ladder shall not deficiency document, no padded using, ladder cross document spacing to 30 cm suitable, using Shi top to tied prison, bottom should take anti-sliding measures, single ladder and ground angle to 60 degrees suitable, ban II people while in ladder Shang job, as needed received long using, should lashing firm, people Word ladder in end of feet pulled prison, in channel at using ladder, due guardianship or set fence. 27th: no security measures, prohibited in hip joints, supports, trusses of the roof truss cantilever beams, and choose the frame and half fixed widget or job to walk on, Spider-man and the ground ... Nine, ten basic security to prevent vehicle damage claim 1, without legal training of qualified certified personnel not familiar with vehicle performance is not driving a car. 2, should insist on doing defense work, vehicle brake, Horn, steering systems, lighting and other safety components such as poor are not allowed out of the car. 3, dump truck, dump truck car hop is strictly prohibited, prohibited goods mixing, loading of vehicles should not overload, to clean and repair, it is strictly forbidden to head reaches into the mechanical stroke range. 17th article: in overhead transmission line following work should blackout, cannot blackout Shi, due isolation protection measures, crane shall not in overhead transmission line following work, through overhead transmission line should will lifting arm falls, in overhead line side work Shi, regardless of in any situation Xia, lifting arm, and rope or weights, and overhead transmission line of recently distance should not is less than Xia table provides: transmission line voltage 1000 v following 1-15 kV 20-40 kV 60-110 kV 220,000 v Allow minimum distances with the transmission line (m) vertical 1.5 level 1 1.5 2 3 4 5 6 4 6 18th: lamp voltage may not exceed 36 volts, when working in a damp place or metal containers, lamp voltage may not exceed 12 volts. 19th: pressure vessel should have a safety valve, pressure gauge, and avoid sun exposure, collisions, oxygen cylinders to prevent contaminated oil; of acetylene gas, LPG, must have a safety device to prevent tempering. 20th: x-ray and gamma-ray flaw detector operation area, non-operator, not allowed to enter. Article 21st: corrosion, dust and radioactive and toxic work, protective measures are required, and to carry out regular inspection. Spider-man 22nd section III: Spider-man to regular medical examinations of the medical diagnosis, who suffer from high blood pressure, heart disease, anemia, epilepsy and other discomfort in the Spider-man shall not engage in aerial work. 23rd: Spider-man dressed spirit, banned the wearing of hard bottom and easy slip-on shoe nail. 24th: Spider-man material stack stationary, tools should turn into a tool bag, transfer prohibited throwing of objects. 25th: in case of bad weather (such as wind in the above grade) construction safety, prohibition of the open air, lifting and piling. 26th article: ladder shall not deficiency document, no padded using, ladder cross document spacing to 30 cm suitable, using Shi top to tied prison, bottom should take anti-sliding measures, single ladder and ground angle to 60 degrees suitable, ban II people while in ladder Shang job, as needed received long using, should lashing firm, people Word ladder in end of feet pulled prison, in channel at using ladder, due guardianship or set fence. 27th: no security measures, prohibited in hip joints, supports, trusses of the roof truss cantilever beams, and choose the frame and half fixed widget or job to walk on, Spider-man and the ground ... Nine, ten basic security to prevent vehicle damage claim 1, without legal training of qualified certified personnel not familiar with vehicle performance is not driving a car. 2, should insist on doing defense work, vehicle brake, Horn, steering systems, lighting and other safety components such as poor are not allowed out of the car. 3, dump truck, dump truck car hop is strictly prohibited, prohibited goods mixing, loading of vehicles should not overload, 显卡改造前不改造后 操作要领:在操作过程中要避免过大的震动,那样会造成显卡的芯片脱焊。划线是徆重要的,不要嫌麻烦,而且要徆明确地标记出要锯掉的部分和要挫掉的部分,否则可徆可能令你追悔莫及。 至此,显卡的改造工作基本完成,剩下的工作就是将显卡插到主板上,看是否合适再做最后的修整。 写在最后:成功改造 在改造完成后,笔者将显卡接到Intel 915GV和945GT两块主板上都能够正常启动。用Everest检测发现显卡为PCI-E x1工作状态,搭配Pentium 4 3.0GHz处理器播放1080p高清电影,开启硬解码后CPU占用率只有30%左右。 值得注意的是,这种改造只适合像GeForce 8400GS这样的入门级产品,而且定位于影音输出的显卡——这类产品对PCI-E的带宽要求不高,至于中端以上的产品,则完全没有改造的必要,而且改造之后是得不偿失的。 ultra-high and ultra wide strapping should be solid and reliable, should prevent the car unstable objects falling hurts. 4, take the vehicle in a safe place, head, hands and body shall not reveal the compartment to avoid vehicles falls when you start braking. 5, and from the construction site, pitch turning, reversing, when driving in the narrow space should be free of command. 6, the site traffic comes into play to slow down and do it "four-speed", namely: road conditions unknown to slow, bad line slowly, slower start, passing, parking, narrow roads, detours, road bridges, forks road, slow pedestrians crowded locations and access door. 7, and scaffolding near the motorway operation area and other facilities, and barricades shall be set in the road safety labels, safety signs and protective measures, and to ensure that adequate lighting at night. 8, when loading and unloading operation, if the vehicles parked on the ramp, it should be fixed with wedge-shaped pieces of wood on either side of the wheel. 9, the presence of motor vehicles should avoid walking on the right side, and uneven rows of flock to obstruct traffic; avoid vehicle, should not avoid two car intersection, not dead standing next to the parking lot could not back down. 10, motor vehicles towing vehicle with no brakes, traction object objects shall not, shall not enter is between traction and, when traction on ramps, a car and you were allowed to jobs and remain at the bottom. Ten, the prevention of falls from a height, object hit ten basic safety requirements 1, working at height must be neat, do not wear plastic bottom-sliding shoes, high heels, tools should turn into a tool bag. 2, high operating personnel is strictly prohibited to fight each other, so as not to slip in danger of falling. 3, in the climbing operations, structure must be solid and reliable climbing equipment, must be correct. 4, various types of hand-held equipment should be checked before use to ensure safe and secure. Edges of opening job preventing objects falling. 5, construction workers should be provided for channel up and down, do not climb scaffolding, across the balcony, climbing and walking in the non-provided channel. 6, vacant jobs, should have a firm foothold and properly tie off belts field should be configured depending on the circumstances-blocks, railings or other safety devices. 7, when working at height, all items should be stacked smooth, can not be placed in or near the hole, and not interfere with traffic. 8, when demolition work is high, disassembly of the materials, construction waste should be cleaned up and removed in a timely manner, and shall not be any chaos on the walkway placed or dropped down, keep working the aisles clear. 9, when working at height, are not allowed to throw up or down the materials and tools and other objects. 10, the construction site, where a fall may be of any material, should be removed or fixed, demolition work in a restricted area, under supervised to clean and repair, it is strictly forbidden to head reaches into the mechanical stroke range. 17th article: in overhead transmission line following work should blackout, cannot blackout Shi, due isolation protection measures, crane shall not in overhead transmission line following work, through overhead transmission line should will lifting arm falls, in overhead line side work Shi, regardless of in any situation Xia, lifting arm, and rope or weights, and overhead transmission line of recently distance should not is less than Xia table provides: transmission line voltage 1000 v following 1-15 kV 20-40 kV 60-110 kV 220,000 v Allow minimum distances with the transmission line (m) vertical 1.5 level 1 1.5 2 3 4 5 6 4 6 18th: lamp voltage may not exceed 36 volts, when working in a damp place or metal containers, lamp voltage may not exceed 12 volts. 19th: pressure vessel should have a safety valve, pressure gauge, and avoid sun exposure, collisions, oxygen cylinders to prevent contaminated oil; of acetylene gas, LPG, must have a safety device to prevent tempering. 20th: x-ray and gamma-ray flaw detector operation area, non-operator, not allowed to enter. Article 21st: corrosion, dust and radioactive and toxic work, protective measures are required, and to carry out regular inspection. Spider-man 22nd section III: Spider-man to regular medical examinations of the medical diagnosis, who suffer from high blood pressure, heart disease, anemia, epilepsy and other discomfort in the Spider-man shall not engage in aerial work. 23rd: Spider-man dressed spirit, banned the wearing of hard bottom and easy slip-on shoe nail. 24th: Spider-man material stack stationary, tools should turn into a tool bag, transfer prohibited throwing of objects. 25th: in case of bad weather (such as wind in the above grade) construction safety, prohibition of the open air, lifting and piling. 26th article: ladder shall not deficiency document, no padded using, ladder cross document spacing to 30 cm suitable, using Shi top to tied prison, bottom should take anti-sliding measures, single ladder and ground angle to 60 degrees suitable, ban II people while in ladder Shang job, as needed received long using, should lashing firm, people Word ladder in end of feet pulled prison, in channel at using ladder, due guardianship or set fence. 27th: no security measures, prohibited in hip joints, supports, trusses of the roof truss cantilever beams, and choose the frame and half fixed widget or job to walk on, Spider-man and the ground ... Nine, ten basic security to prevent vehicle damage claim 1, without legal training of qualified certified personnel not familiar with vehicle performance is not driving a car. 2, should insist on doing defense work, vehicle brake, Horn, steering systems, lighting and other safety components such as poor are not allowed out of the car. 3, dump truck, dump truck car hop is strictly prohibited, prohibited goods mixing, loading of vehicles should not overload, 显卡能够被GPU-Z正常识别,且显示已经工作在x1模弅下面 改造后的显卡能够正常运行3DMark Vantage以及3Dmark 06等测试软件,但由于 显卡原配被动散热片散热能力较弱,所以测试中加装了额外的风扇辅助散热。所得到结果印 证了我们早先的猜测,PCI-E x1接口对入门级显卡的性能损失并不大,但带宽减小会降低性 能是必然的。其中3DMark Vantage Entry级别的测试成绩变化并不是徆明显,这主要是因 为该级别的测试中对显卡的要求并不高;而3DMark06的测试没有分级,对数据带宽的压力 就徆大,我们可以看到其成绩从改造前的 1985分跌落到1472分,性能损失约25%。这个问题我们要辩证地看待:对于一块定位于 高清应用的显卡来讱,3D测试只是参考;而我们最看重的硬解码应用,改造之后几乎没有仸 何影响。 to clean and repair, it is strictly forbidden to head reaches into the mechanical stroke range. 17th article: in overhead transmission line following work should blackout, cannot blackout Shi, due isolation protection measures, crane shall not in overhead transmission line following work, through overhead transmission line should will lifting arm falls, in overhead line side work Shi, regardless of in any situation Xia, lifting arm, and rope or weights, and overhead transmission line of recently distance should not is less than Xia table provides: transmission line voltage 1000 v following 1-15 kV 20-40 kV 60-110 kV 220,000 v Allow minimum distances with the transmission line (m) vertical 1.5 level 1 1.5 2 3 4 5 6 4 6 18th: lamp voltage may not exceed 36 volts, when working in a damp place or metal containers, lamp voltage may not exceed 12 volts. 19th: pressure vessel should have a safety valve, pressure gauge, and avoid sun exposure, collisions, oxygen cylinders to prevent contaminated oil; of acetylene gas, LPG, must have a safety device to prevent tempering. 20th: x-ray and gamma-ray flaw detector operation area, non-operator, not allowed to enter. Article 21st: corrosion, dust and radioactive and toxic work, protective measures are required, and to carry out regular inspection. Spider-man 22nd section III: Spider-man to regular medical examinations of the medical diagnosis, who suffer from high blood pressure, heart disease, anemia, epilepsy and other discomfort in the Spider-man shall not engage in aerial work. 23rd: Spider-man dressed spirit, banned the wearing of hard bottom and easy slip-on shoe nail. 24th: Spider-man material stack stationary, tools should turn into a tool bag, transfer prohibited throwing of objects. 25th: in case of bad weather (such as wind in the above grade) construction safety, prohibition of the open air, lifting and piling. 26th article: ladder shall not deficiency document, no padded using, ladder cross document spacing to 30 cm suitable, using Shi top to tied prison, bottom should take anti-sliding measures, single ladder and ground angle to 60 degrees suitable, ban II people while in ladder Shang job, as needed received long using, should lashing firm, people Word ladder in end of feet pulled prison, in channel at using ladder, due guardianship or set fence. 27th: no security measures, prohibited in hip joints, supports, trusses of the roof truss cantilever beams, and choose the frame and half fixed widget or job to walk on, Spider-man and the ground ... Nine, ten basic security to prevent vehicle damage claim 1, without legal training of qualified certified personnel not familiar with vehicle performance is not driving a car. 2, should insist on doing defense work, vehicle brake, Horn, steering systems, lighting and other safety components such as poor are not allowed out of the car. 3, dump truck, dump truck car hop is strictly prohibited, prohibited goods mixing, loading of vehicles should not overload, to clean and repair, it is strictly forbidden to head reaches into the mechanical stroke range. 17th article: in overhead transmission line following work should blackout, cannot blackout Shi, due isolation protection measures, crane shall not in overhead transmission line following work, through overhead transmission line should will lifting arm falls, in overhead line side work Shi, regardless of in any situation Xia, lifting arm, and rope or weights, and overhead transmission line of recently distance should not is less than Xia table provides: transmission line voltage 1000 v following 1-15 kV 20-40 kV 60-110 kV 220,000 v Allow minimum distances with the transmission line (m) vertical 1.5 level 1 1.5 2 3 4 5 6 4 6 18th: lamp voltage may not exceed 36 volts, when working in a damp place or metal containers, lamp voltage may not exceed 12 volts. 19th: pressure vessel should have a safety valve, pressure gauge, and avoid sun exposure, collisions, oxygen cylinders to prevent contaminated oil; of acetylene gas, LPG, must have a safety device to prevent tempering. 20th: x-ray and gamma-ray flaw detector operation area, non-operator, not allowed to enter. Article 21st: corrosion, dust and radioactive and toxic work, protective measures are required, and to carry out regular inspection. Spider-man 22nd section III: Spider-man to regular medical examinations of the medical diagnosis, who suffer from high blood pressure, heart disease, anemia, epilepsy and other discomfort in the Spider-man shall not engage in aerial work. 23rd: Spider-man dressed spirit, banned the wearing of hard bottom and easy slip-on shoe nail. 24th: Spider-man material stack stationary, tools should turn into a tool bag, transfer prohibited throwing of objects. 25th: in case of bad weather (such as wind in the above grade) construction safety, prohibition of the open air, lifting and piling. 26th article: ladder shall not deficiency document, no padded using, ladder cross document spacing to 30 cm suitable, using Shi top to tied prison, bottom should take anti-sliding measures, single ladder and ground angle to 60 degrees suitable, ban II people while in ladder Shang job, as needed received long using, should lashing firm, people Word ladder in end of feet pulled prison, in channel at using ladder, due guardianship or set fence. 27th: no security measures, prohibited in hip joints, supports, trusses of the roof truss cantilever beams, and choose the frame and half fixed widget or job to walk on, Spider-man and the ground ... Nine, ten basic security to prevent vehicle damage claim 1, without legal training of qualified certified personnel not familiar with vehicle performance is not driving a car. 2, should insist on doing defense work, vehicle brake, Horn, steering systems, lighting and other safety components such as poor are not allowed out of the car. 3, dump truck, dump truck car hop is strictly prohibited, prohibited goods mixing, loading of vehicles should not overload, 显卡改造后运行3DMark通过测试 其实还有另外一种变通的方式,那就是不改造显卡,而将主板上的PCI-E x1插槽去掉 卡槽后部的塑料壁,使显卡顺利插入即可,此时只需要透明胶带包住19，82号金手指即可(这 么做的前提是,你的主板空间较富余,而且显卡凸出来的后面的金手指不会不其它器件接触)。 DIY的方法多种多样,但最终大家殊途同归就是“用好自己的计算机”,本文就是抛砖引玉 给大家提供一种别样的思路! MC提示:暴力改造将会失去产品的质保,所以操做前三思而后行。 ultra-high and ultra wide strapping should be solid and reliable, should prevent the car unstable objects falling hurts. 4, take the vehicle in a safe place, head, hands and body shall not reveal the compartment to avoid vehicles falls when you start braking. 5, and from the construction site, pitch turning, reversing, when driving in the narrow space should be free of command. 6, the site traffic comes into play to slow down and do it "four-speed", namely: road conditions unknown to slow, bad line slowly, slower start, passing, parking, narrow roads, detours, road bridges, forks road, slow pedestrians crowded locations and access door. 7, and scaffolding near the motorway operation area and other facilities, and barricades shall be set in the road safety labels, safety signs and protective measures, and to ensure that adequate lighting at night. 8, when loading and unloading operation, if the vehicles parked on the ramp, it should be fixed with wedge-shaped pieces of wood on either side of the wheel. 9, the presence of motor vehicles should avoid walking on the right side, and uneven rows of flock to obstruct traffic; avoid vehicle, should not avoid two car intersection, not dead standing next to the parking lot could not back down. 10, motor vehicles towing vehicle with no brakes, traction object objects shall not, shall not enter is between traction and, when traction on ramps, a car and you were allowed to jobs and remain at the bottom. Ten, the prevention of falls from a height, object hit ten basic safety requirements 1, working at height must be neat, do not wear plastic bottom-sliding shoes, high heels, tools should turn into a tool bag. 2, high operating personnel is strictly prohibited to fight each other, so as not to slip in danger of falling. 3, in the climbing operations, structure must be solid and reliable climbing equipment, must be correct. 4, various types of hand-held equipment should be checked before use to ensure safe and secure. Edges of opening job preventing objects falling. 5, construction workers should be provided for channel up and down, do not climb scaffolding, across the balcony, climbing and walking in the non-provided channel. 6, vacant jobs, should have a firm foothold and properly tie off belts field should be configured depending on the circumstances-blocks, railings or other safety devices. 7, when working at height, all items should be stacked smooth, can not be placed in or near the hole, and not interfere with traffic. 8, when demolition work is high, disassembly of the materials, construction waste should be cleaned up and removed in a timely manner, and shall not be any chaos on the walkway placed or dropped down, keep working the aisles clear. 9, when working at height, are not allowed to throw up or down the materials and tools and other objects. 10, the construction site, where a fall may be of any material, should be removed or fixed, demolition work in a restricted area, under supervised