建筑行业术语

建筑行业术语 干球温度 dry bulb temperature 前室 antecabinet (Ante.) 冰冻期 frost period 生产区 production area 冰冻线 frost line 马达控制中心 Mcc BUILDING MATERIAL WORDS 冰冻区 frost zone 多功能用房 utility room AND PHRASES 室外计算温度calculating outdoor 化验室 laboratory room 建筑材料词汇及短语 temperature 经理室 manager room 1. ARCHITECTURE 建筑专业 采暖地区 region with heating 披 屋(阁楼) penthouse pī a. DESIGN BASIS 依据 provision 警卫室 guard house 计划建议书 planning proposals 不采暖地区region without heating 设计任务书 design order provision e. ROOFING AND CEILING 标准规范standards and codes 绝对大气压absolute atmospheric 屋面及天棚 条件图 information drawing pressure 女儿墙 parapet 设计基础 basic data for design 相对湿度 relative humidity 雨蓬 canopy péng 工艺流程图 process flowchart 屋脊 roof ridge jǐ 地质资料engineering geological d. GENERAL ROOM NAME 坡度 slope data 常用房间名称 坡跨比 pitch 原始资料 original data 办公室 office 分水线 water-shed 设计进度 schedule of design 服务用房 service room 二毡三油 2 layers of felt & 3 coats 换班室 shift room of bitumastic b. STAGE OF DESIGN 设计阶段 休息室 rest room (break room) 附加油毡一层 extra ply of felt 方案 scheme, draft 起居室 living room 檐口 eave yán 草图 sketch 浴室 bathroom 挑檐 overhanging eave 会谈纪要summary of discussion 淋浴间 shower 檐沟 eave gutter 谈判 negotiation 更衣室 locker room 平屋面 flat roof 可行性研究 feasibility study 厕所 lavatory 坡屋面 pitched roof 初步设计 preliminary design 门厅 lobby 雨水管downspout, rain water 基础设计 basic design 诊室 clinic zhěn pipe)(R.W.P) 详细设计 detail design 工作间 workshop 汇水面积 catchment area 询价图 enquiry drawing 电气开关室 switchroom 泛水 flashing 施工图 working drawing, 走廊 corridor 内排水 interior drainage construction drawing 档案室 archive 外排水 exterior drainage 竣工图 as built drawing 电梯机房 lift motor room 滴水 drip 车库 garage kù 屋面排水 roof drainage c.CLIMATECONDITION 气象条件 清洁间 cleaning room 找平层 leveling course 会议室(正式) conference room 卷材屋面 built-up roofing 日照 sunshine 会议室 meeting room 天棚 ceiling 风玫瑰 wind rose 衣柜间 ward robe 檩条 purlin 主导风向 prevailing wind direction 暖风间 H.V.A.C room 屋面板 roofing board 最大(平均)风速 饭店 restaurant 天花板 ceiling board maximum (mean) wind velocity 餐厅 canteen, dining room 防水层 water-proof course 风荷载 wind load 厨房 kitchen 检查孔 inspection hole 最大(平均)降雨量 入口 entrance 人孔 manhole maximum (mean) rainfall雷击及闪 接待处 reception area 吊顶 suspended ceiling, false ceiling 电 thunder and lightning 会计室 accountant room 檐板(窗帘盒) cornice 飓风 hurricane 秘书室 secretary room 台风 typhoon 电气室 electrical room f. WALL (CLADDING) 旋风 cyclone 控制室 control room 墙体(外墙板) 降雨强度rainfall intensity 工长室 foreman office 砖墙 brick wall 年降雨量 annual rainfall 开关柜室 switch gear 砌块墙 block wall 湿球温度 wet bulb temperature 清水砖墙 brick wall without 混凝土地面 concrete floor 镀锌铁丝网门galvanized steel wire plastering 水泥地面 cement floor mesh door 抹灰墙 rendered wall 机器磨平混凝土地面 防火门 fire door 石膏板墙 gypsum board, plaster machine trowelled concrete floor (大门上的)小门 wicket board 水磨石地面 terrazzo flooring 门框 door frame 空心砖墙 hollow brick wall 马赛克地面 mosaic flooring 门扇 door leaf 承重墙 bearing wall 瓷砖地面 ceramic tile flooring 门洞 door opening 非承重墙 non-bearing wall 油地毡地面 linoleum flooring 结构开洞 structural opening 纵墙 longitudinal wall 预制水磨 石地面 precast terrazzo 单扇门 single door 横墙 transverse wall flooring 双扇门 double door 外墙 external (exterior) wall 硬木花地面 hard-wood parquet 疏散门 emergency door 内墙 internal (interior) wall flooring 纱门 screen door 填充墙 filler wall 搁栅 joist 门槛 door sill 防火墙 fire wall 硬木毛地面 hard-wood rough 门过梁 door lintel 窗间墙 wall between window flooring 上冒头 top rail 空心墙 cavity wall 企口板地面tongued and grooved 下冒头 bottom rail 压顶 coping flooring 门边木 stile 圈梁 gird, girt, girth 防酸地面 acid-resistant floor 门樘侧料 side jumb 玻璃隔断 glazed wall 钢筋混凝土楼板 槽口 notch 防潮层 damp-proof course (D.P.C) reinforced concrete slab (R.C 木窗 wooden window 遮阳板 sunshade Slab) 钢窗 steel window 阳台 balcony 乙烯基地面 vinyl flooring 铝合金窗 aluminum alloy window 伸缩缝 expansion joint 水磨石嵌条 divider strip for terrazzo 百叶窗 (通风为主) sun-bind, louver 沉降缝 settlement joint 地面做2,坡 floor with 2% slope (louver, shutter, blind) 抗震缝 seismic joint 集水沟 gully 塑钢窗 plastic steel window 复合夹心板 sandwich board 集水口 gulley 空腹钢窗 hollow steel window 压型单板 corrugated single steel 排水沟 drainage trench 固定窗 fixed window plate 沟盖板 trench cover 平开窗 side-hung window 外墙板 cladding panel 活动盖板 removable cover plate 推拉窗 sliding window 复合板 composite panel 集水坑 sump pit 气窗 transom 轻质隔断 light-weight partition 孔翻边 hole up stand 上悬窗 top-hung window 牛腿 bracket 电缆沟 cable trench 中悬窗 center-pivoted window 砖烟囱 brick chimney 下悬窗 hopper window 勒脚(基座) plinth h.DOORS,GLASS,WINDOWS& 活动百叶窗 adjustable louver IRONMONGERY(HARDWARE) 天窗 skylight g. FLOOR AND TRENCH 门、玻璃、窗及五金件 老虎窗 dormer window 地面及地沟 木 (钢)门 wooden (steel) door 密封双层玻璃 sealed double glazing 地坪 grade 镶板门 panelled door 钢筋混凝土过梁reinforced concrete 地面和楼面 ground and floor 夹板门 plywood door lintel 素土夯实 rammed earth 铝合金门 aluminum alloy door 钢筋砖过梁 reinforced brick lintel 炉渣夯实 tamped cinder 卷帘门 roller shutter door 窗扇 casement sash 填土 filled earth 弹簧门 swing door 窗台 window sill 回填土夯实 tamped backfill 推拉门 sliding door 窗台板 window board 垫层 bedding course, blinding 平开门 side-hung door 窗中梃 mullion 面层 covering, finish 折叠门 folding door 窗横木 mutin 结合层 bonding (binding) course 旋转门 revolving door 窗边木 stile 找平层 leveling course 玻璃门 glazed door 压缝条 cover mould 素水泥浆结合层 密闭门 air-Tight door 窗帘盒 curtain box neat cement binding course 保温门 thermal insulating door 合页(铰链) hinge (butts) 转轴 pivot cage) 中砂 medium sand 长脚铰链 parliament hinge 平台 landing (platform) 细砂 fine sand 闭门器 door closer 操作平台 operating platform 地弹簧 floor closer 装卸平台platform for loading & • Cement, Mortar and Concrete 插销 bolt unloading 水泥、砂浆和混凝土 门锁 door lock 楼梯平台 stair landing 波特兰水泥(普通硅酸盐水泥) 拉手 pull 客梯 passenger lift Portland cement 链条 chain 货梯 goods lift 硅酸盐水泥 silicate cement 门钩 door hanger 客/货两用梯 goods/passenger lift 火山灰水泥 pozzolana cement 碰球 ball latch 液压电梯 hydraulic lift 白水泥 white cement 窗钩 window catch 自动扶梯 escalator 水泥砂浆 cement mortar 暗插销 insert bolt 观光电梯 observation elevator 石灰砂浆 lime mortar 电动开关器 electric opener 电梯机房 lift mortar room 水泥石灰砂浆(混合砂浆) 平板玻璃 plate glass 电梯坑 lift pit cement-lime mortar 夹丝玻璃 wire glass 电梯井道 lift shaft 保温砂浆 thermal mortar 透明玻璃 clear glass 防水砂浆 water-proof mortar 毛玻璃(磨砂玻璃) ground glass j. BUILDING MATERIAL WORDS 耐酸砂浆 acid-resistant mortar (frosted glass) AND PHRASES 耐碱砂浆 alkaline-resistant mortar 防弹玻璃 bullet-proof glass 建筑材料词汇及短语 沥青砂浆 bituminous mortar 石英玻璃 quartz glass 纸筋灰 paper strip mixed lime 吸热玻璃 heat absorbing glass • Bricks and Tiles 砖和瓦 mortar 磨光玻璃 polished glass 红砖 red brick 麻刀灰 hemp cut lime mortar 着色玻璃 pigmented glass 粘土砖 clay brick 灰缝 mortar joint 玻璃瓦 glass tile 瓷砖 glazed brick (ceramic tile) 素混凝土 plain concrete 玻璃砖 glass block 防火砖 fire brick 钢筋混凝土 reinforced concrete 有机玻璃 organic glass 空心砖 hollow brick 轻质混凝土 lightweight concrete 面砖 facing brick 细石混凝土 fine aggregate concrete I. STAIRCASE, LANDING & LIFT 地板砖 flooring tile 沥青混凝土 asphalt concrete (ELEVATOR) 马赛克 mosaic 泡沫混凝土 foamed concrete 楼梯、休息平台及电梯 陶粒混凝土 ceramsite concrete 炉渣混凝土 cinder concrete 楼梯 stair 琉璃瓦 glazed tile 楼梯间 staircase 脊瓦 ridge tile Facing And Plastering Materials 饰疏散梯 emergency stair 石棉瓦 asbestos tile (shingle) 面及粉刷材料 旋转梯 spiral stair (circular stair) 波形石棉水泥瓦corrugated asbestos 水刷石 granitic plaster 吊车梯 crane ladder cement sheet 斩假石 artificial stone 直爬梯 vertical ladder 刷浆 lime wash 踏步 step • Lime, Sand and Stone 灰、砂和石 可赛银 casein 扇形踏步 winder (wheel step) 石膏 gypsum 大白浆 white wash 踏步板 tread 大理石 marble 麻刀灰打底 hemp cuts and lime as 档步板 riser 汉白玉 white marble base 踏步宽度 tread width 花岗岩 granite 喷大白浆两道sprayed twice with 防滑条 non-slip insert (strips) 碎石 crushed stone white wash 栏杆 railing (balustrade) 毛石 rubble 分格抹水泥砂浆cement mortar 平台栏杆 platform railing 蛭石 vermiculite plaster sectioned 吊装孔栏杆 railing around mounting 珍珠岩 pearlite 板条抹灰 lath and plaster hole 水磨石 terrazzo 扶手 handrail 卵石 cobble • Asphalt(Bitumen) and Asbestos 沥梯段高度 height of flight 砾石 gravel 青和石棉 防护梯笼 protecting cage (safety 粗砂 course sand 沥青卷材 asphalt felt 沥青填料 asphalt filler 方钢 square steel 铝 aluminum 沥青胶泥 asphalt grout 扁钢 steel atrap 铅 lead 冷底子油 adhesive bitumen primer 型钢 steel section (shape) 沥青玛啼脂 asphaltic mastic 槽钢 channel • Anti-Corrosion Materials 防腐蚀材沥青麻丝 bitumastic oakum 角钢 angle steel 料 石棉板 asbestos sheet 等边角钢 equal-leg angle 聚乙烯 polythene, polyethylene 石棉纤维 asbestos fiber 不等边角钢 unequal-leg angle 尼龙 nylon 工字钢 I-beam 聚氯乙烯 PVC (polyvinyl chloride) • Timber 木材 宽翼缘工字钢 wide flange I-beam 聚碳酸酯 polycarbonate 裂缝 crack 丁( 之)字钢 T-bar (Z-bar) 聚苯乙烯 polystyrene 透裂 split 冷弯薄壁型钢light gauge 丙烯酸树酯 acrylic resin 环裂 shake cold-formed steel shape 乙烯基酯 vinyl ester 干缩 shrinkage 热轧 hot-rolled 橡胶内衬 rubber lining 翘曲 warping 冷轧 cold-rolled 氯丁橡胶 neoprene 原木 log 冷拉 cold-drawn 沥青漆 bitumen paint 圆木 round timber 冷压 cold-pressed 环氧树脂漆 epoxy resin paint 方木 square timber 合金钢 alloy steel 氧化锌底漆 zinc oxide primer 板材 plank 钛合金 titanium alloy 防锈漆 anti-rust paint 木条 batten 不锈钢 stainless steel 耐酸漆 acid-resistant paint 板条 lath 竹节钢筋 corrugated steel bar 耐碱漆 alkali-resistant paint 木板 board 变形钢筋 deformed bar 水玻璃 sodium silicate 红松 red pine 光圆钢筋 plain round bar 树脂砂浆 resin-bonded mortar 白松 white pine 钢板 steel plate 环氧树脂 epoxy resin 落叶松 deciduous pine 薄钢板 thin steel plate 云杉 spruce 低碳钢 low carbon steel • Building Hardware 建筑五金 柏木 cypress 冷弯 cold bending 钉子 nails 白杨 white poplar 钢管 steel pipe (tube) 螺纹屋面钉spiral-threaded roofing 桦木 birch 无缝钢管 seamless steel pipe nail 冷杉 fir 焊接钢管 welded steel pipe 环纹石膏板钉annular-ring gypsum 栎木 oak 黑铁管 iron pipe board nail 榴木 willow 镀锌钢管 galvanized steel pipe 螺丝 screws 榆木 elm 铸铁 cast iron 平头螺丝 flat-head screw 杉木 cedar 生铁 pig iron 螺栓 bolt 柚木 teak 熟铁 wrought iron 普通螺栓 commercial bolt 樟木 camphor wood 镀锌铁皮 galvanized steel sheet 高强螺栓 high strength bolt 防腐处理的木材preservative-treated 镀锌铁丝 galvanized steel wire 预埋螺栓 insert bolt lumber 钢丝网 steel wire mesh 胀锚螺栓 cinch bolt 胶合板 plywood 多孔金属网 expanded metal 垫片 washer 三(五)合板 3(5)-plywood 锰钢 managanese steel 企口板 tongued and grooved board高强度合金钢 high strength alloy • Paint 油漆 层夹板 laminated plank steel 底漆 primer 胶合层夹木材 glue-laminated 防锈底漆 rust-inhibitive primer lumber • Non-Ferrous Metal 有色金属 防腐漆 anti-corrosion paint 纤维板 fiber-board 金 gold 调和漆 mixed paint 竹子 bamboo 白金 platinum 无光漆 flat paint 铜 copper 透明漆 varnish • Metallic Materials 金属材料 黄铜 brass 银粉漆 aluminum paint 黑色金属 ferrous metal 青铜 bronze 磁漆 enamel paint 圆钢 steelbBar 银 silver 干性油 drying oil 稀释剂 thinner 模数制 modular system 首席建筑师 principal architect 焦油 tar 单位造价 unit cost 总工程师 chief engineer 沥青漆 asphalt paint 概算 preliminary estimate 土木工程师 civil engineer 桐油 tung oil, Chinese wood oil 承包商 constructor, contractor 工艺工程师 process engineer 红丹 red lead 现场 site 电气工程师 electrical engineer 铅油 lead oil 扩建 extension 机械工程师 mechanical 腻子 putty 改建 reconstruction engineer 防火 fire-prevention 计划工程师 planning engineer k. OTHER ARCHITECTURAL 防震 aseismatic, quake-proof 助理工程师 assistant engineer TERMS 其它建筑术语 防腐 anti-corrosion 实习生 probationer • Discipline 专业 防潮 dump-proof 专家 specialist, expert 建筑 architecture 防水 water-proof 制图员 draftsman 土木 civil 防尘 dust-proof 技术员 technician 给排水 water supply and 防锈 rust-proof drainage 车流量 traffic volume • Drafting 制图 总图 plot plan 货流量 freight traffic volume 总说明 general specification 采暖通风 H.V.A.C (heating、 人流量 pedestrian volume 工程说明 project specification ventilation and air conditioning) 透视图 perspective drawing 采用标准规范目录 list of 电力供应 electric power supply 建筑模型 building model standards and specification adopted 电气照明 electric lighting 图纸目录 list of drawings 电讯 telecommunication • Architectural Physics 建筑物 平面图 plan 仪表 instrument 理 局部放大图 detail with 热力供应 heat power supply 照明 illumination enlarged scale 动力 mechanical power 照度 degree of illumination (((平面示意图 schematic plan 工艺 process technology 亮度 brightness of... 管道 piping 日照 sunshine (((平剖面图 sectional plan of... 天然采光 natural lighting 留孔平面图 plan of provision • Conventional Terms 一般通用 光强 light intensity of holes 名词 侧光 side light 剖面 section 建筑原理 architectonics 顶光 top light 纵剖面 longitudinal section 建筑形式 architectural style 眩光 glaze 横剖面 cross (transverse) 民用建筑 civil architecture 方位角 azimuth section 城市建筑 urban architecture 辐射 radiation 立面 elevation 农村建筑 rural architecture 对流 convection 正立面 front elevation 农业建筑 farm building 传导 conduction 透视图 perspective drawing 工业建筑 industrial building 遮阳 sun-shade 侧立面 side elevation 重工业的 heavy industrial 保温 thermal insulation 背立面 back elevation 轻工业的 light industrial 恒温 constant temperature 详图 detail drawings 古代建筑 ancient architecture 恒湿 constant humidity 典型节点 typical detail 现代建筑 modern architecture 噪音 noise 节点号 detail No. 标准化建筑 standardized 隔音 sound-proof 首页 front page buildings 吸音 sound absorption 图纸目录及说明list of contents 附属建筑 auxiliary buildings 露点 dew point and description 城市规划 city planning 隔汽 vapor-proof 图例 legend 厂区内 within site 示意图 diagram 厂区外 offsite Name Of Professional role 职务 草图 sketch 封闭式 closed type 名称 荷载简图 load diagram 开敞式 open type 项目经理 project manager (PM) 流程示意图 flow diagram 半开敞式 semi-open type 设计经理 design manager 标准图 standard drawing (((布置图 layout of ... 椭圆形 ellipse, oblong 辅助面积 service area 地形图 topographical map 面积 area 通道面积 passage area 土方工程图 earth-work 体积 volume 管架 pipe rack drawing 容量 capacity 管廊 pipeline gallery 展开图 developed drawing 重量 weight 架空管线 overhead pipeline 模板图 formwork drawing 质量 mass 排水沟 drain ditch 配筋 arrangement of 力 force 集水坑 sump pit reinforcement 米 meter厘米 centimete毫米 喷泉 fountain 表格 tables millimeter 地漏 floor drain 工程进度表 working schedule 公顷 hectate 消火栓 fire hydrant 技术经济指标technical and 牛顿/平方米 Newton/square 灭火器 fire extinguisher economical index meter 二氧化碳灭火器carbon dioxide 建、构筑物一览表list of 千克/立方米 kilogram/cubic extinguisher buildings and structures meter 卤代烷灭火器 halon 编号 coding 英尺 foot extinguisher 序列号 serial No. 英寸 inch 行和栏 rows and columns 磅 pound 备注 remarks 吨 ton 等级 grade 加仑 gallon 直线 straight Line 千磅 kip 曲线 curves 平均尺寸 average dimension 曲折线 zigzag line 变尺寸 variable dimension 虚线 dotted line 外形尺寸 overall dimension 实线 solid line 展开尺寸 developed dimension 影线 hatching line 内径 inside diameter 点划线 dot and dash line 外径 outside diameter 轴线 axis 净重 net weight 等高线 contour Line 毛重 gross weight 中心线 center Line 数量 quantity 双曲线 hyperbola 百分比 percentage 抛物线 parabola 净空 clearance 切线 tangent Line 净高 headroom 尺寸线 dimension Line 净距 clear distance 园形 round 净跨 clear span 环形 annular 截面尺寸 sectional dimension 方形 square 开间 bay 矩形 rectangle 进深 depth 平行四边形 parallelogram 单跨 single span 三角形 triangle 双跨 double span 五角形 pentagon 多跨 multi-span 六角形 hexagon 标高 elevation, level 八角形 octagon 绝对标高 absolute elevation 梯形 trapezoid 设计标高 designed elevation 圆圈 circle 室外地面标高 ground elevation 弓形 sagment 室内地面标高 floor elevation 扇形 sector 柱网 column grid 球形的 spherical 坐标 coordinate 抛物面 paraboloid 厂区占地 site area 圆锥形 cone 使用面积 usable area 简支 simple support compression 静定结构 statically determinate 屈服强度 yield strength 2. STRUCTURE 结构专业 structure 使用荷载 working load a. Load 荷载 截面模量 modulus of section, 水平力 horizontal force section modulus 水平推力 horizontal thrust 静力 static force 弹塑性变形 elastoplastic 拔力 pulling force 静力分析 static analysis deformation 标准值 standard value 局部压力 local pressure, partial 弹性 elasticity, resilience, 残余应力 residual stress pressure spring 冲击荷载 impact load, punch 局部压屈 local bulkling 塑限 plastic limit load 绝对值 absolute value 弹性变形 elastic deformation 残余变形 residual deflection 均布荷载 uniformly distributed 塑性变形 plastic deformation 承压 bearing load 弹性模量 modulus of elastic, 承载能力 bearing capacity 抗拔力 pulling resistance elastic modulus 承重 bearing, load bearing 抗剪刚度 shear rigidity 体积 volume, bulk, cubature, 承重结构 bearing structure 抗剪强度 shear strength, cubage 脆性材料 brittle material shearing strength 土压力 earth pressure, soil 脆性破坏 brittle failure 抗拉强度 tensile strength pressure 抵抗力 resisting power, 抗扭 torsion resistance 弯矩 bending moment, moment resistance 抗扭刚度 torsional rigidity 弯曲半径 radius at bent, radius 吊车荷载 crane load 抗弯 bending resistance of curve 分布荷载 distributed load 抗弯刚度 bending rigidity 位移 displacement 风荷载 wind load 抗压强度 compressive strength, 温度应力 temperature stress 风速 wind velocity, wind speed compression strength 温度作用 temperature action 风压 wind pressure 可靠性 reliability 系数 coefficient, factor 风振 wind vibration 可靠性设计 reliability design 雪荷载 snow load 浮力 buoyance, floatage 拉力 tensile force 压应变 compression strain 符号 symbol, mark 拉应力 tensile stress, tension 压应力 compression stress 负弯矩 negative moment, stress 应力集中 concentration of hogging moment 拉应变 tensile strain, tension stress 附加荷载 additional load strain 预应力 prestressing force, 附加应力 additional stress 临界点 critical point prestress 副作用 side effect, by-effect 临界荷载 critical load 振动荷载 vibrating load, 刚度 rigidity 临界应力 critical stress racking load 刚度比 ratio of rigidity 密度 density 支座反力 support reaction 刚度系数 rigidity factor 离心力 centrifugal force 自重 own weight 刚接 rigid connection 摩擦力 friction force 作用 action, effect 刚性节点 rigid joint 摩擦系数 frictional factor 作用点 point of 恒载 dead load 挠度 deflection application,application joint 荷载传递 transmission of load 内力 internal force, inner force 固端弯矩 fixed-end moment 扭矩 moment of torsion, b. Ground Base and Foundation 活荷载 live load torsional moment 地基及基础 积灰荷载 dust load 疲劳强度 fatigue strength 集中荷载 concentrated load 偏心荷载 eccentric load, 加载, 加荷 loading non-central load 板桩 sheet pile, sheeting pile 剪力 shear, shearing force 偏心距 eccentric distance, 板桩基础 sheet pile foundation 剪切破坏 shear failure eccentricity 饱和粘土 saturation clay 剪应变 shear strain 偏心受拉 eccentric tension 冰冻线 frost line, freezing level 剪应力 shear stress 偏心受压 eccentric 不均匀沉降 unequal settlement, differential 固结 consolidation equipment settlement 灌注桩 cast-in-place pile, cast 普通硅酸盐水泥 ordinary 残积土 residual soil in site pile Portland cement 沉积物 deposit, sediment 护坡 slope protection, 群桩 grouped piles 沉降 settlement revetment 容许沉降 permissible 沉降差 difference in settlement 护桩 guard pile settlement 沉降缝 settlement joint 环墙 ring wall 容许承载力 allowable bearing 沉井 sinking well, sunk well 灰土 lime earth 软土 soft soil 沉箱 caisson 回填 backfill, backfilling 砂垫层 sand bedding course, 持力层 bearing stratum 回填土 backfill, backfill soil sand cushion 冲积 alluviation 混凝土找平层 concrete screed 砂土 sandy soil, sands 锤夯 hammer tamping 火山灰水泥 trass cement 砂质粉土 sandy silt 档土墙 retaining wall, breast 基槽 foundation trench 设备基础 equipment wall 基础 foundation, base foundation 底板 base slab, base plate, bed 基础底板 foundation slab 水泥搅拌桩 cement injection plate 基础埋深 embedded depth of 素土夯实 rammed earth, 地板 floor board foundation packed soil 地基 ground base, ground 基础平面图 foundation plan 地基承载力 ground bearing 地基勘探 site exploration, site 碎石桩 stone columns capacity investigation 弹性地基 elastic foundation 地基处理 ground treatment, 基坑 foundation pit 弹性地基梁 beam on elastic soil treatment 集水坑 collecting sump foundation 地基稳定 base stabilization 阶形基础 stepped foundation 填方 fill, filling 地梁 ground beam, ground sill 结合层 binding course, bonding 填土 earth-fill, earth filling, 地漏 floor drain course filling 地下工程 substructure work, 井点 well point 条形基础 strip foundation understructure work 井点排水 well point 土方工程 earthwork 地下室 basement, cellar unwatering 挖方 excavation work, 地下水 ground water 开挖 excavation, cutting excavation 地下水位 groundwater level, 勘测 exploration and survey 箱形基础 box foundation water table 勘测资料 exploration data 压实 compaction, compacting 地下水压力 ground water 沥青 bitumen, asphalt, pitch 压实系数 compacting factor pressure 联合基础 combined foundation 验槽 check of foundation 地质 geologic report 卵石 cobble, pebble subsoil 垫层 bedding, blinding 埋置 embedment 预制混凝土桩 precast concrete 独立基础 毛石基础 rubble foundation pile isolated foundation, individual 锚筋 anchor bar 中砂 medium sand foundation 锚桩 anchor pile 重力式档土墙 gravity retaining 端承桩 end-bearing pile 密实度 compactness, density, wall 筏式基础 raft foundation denseness 桩承台 pile cap 粉砂 silt, rock flour 摩擦桩 friction pile, floating 钻孔桩 bored pile 粉质粘土 silty clay pile 钻探 exploration drilling, 粉质土 silty soil 粘土 clay drilling, 扶壁式档土墙 buttressed 粘质粉土 clay silt 最终沉降 final settlement retaining wall 碾压 roller compaction, rolling 腐蚀 corrosion 排水 drainage, dewatering c.Reinforcement Concrete Structure 覆土 earth covering 排水沟 drainage ditch 钢筋混凝土结构 刚性基础 rigid foundation 排水孔 weep hole, drain hole 沟盖板 trench cover 排水设备 dewatering 板缝 slab joint member low-carbon wire 板厚 thickness of slab 构造 construction 冷脆性 cold shortness, cooling 板式楼梯 cranked slab stairs 构造钢筋 constructional brittleness 板跨度 span of slab reinforcement 冷弯 cold bending 薄壁结构 thin-walled structure 构造柱 onstructional column, 冷轧 cold rolling 薄腹梁 thin wedded girder tie column 离析 segregation 保护层 protective coating 构筑物 structure 梁垫 beam pad, template, pad 臂式吊车 boom crane, boom 箍筋 hoop reinforcement, 梁挠度 beam deflection hoist hooping 楼梯斜梁 string, stringer 边梁 edge beam, boundary 箍筋间距 stirrup spacing 螺旋楼梯 spiral stair, winding beam 固定端 fixed end, retained end staircase 变截面 variable cross-section 固端梁 fixed-end beam, fixed 马鞍形壳 saddle shell 变形缝 movement joint beam 锚固 anchoring 变形钢筋 deformed bar 过梁 lintel, breast summer 门框, 门樘 door frame 初凝 initial setting, pre-setting 混凝土强度等级 grade of 门式刚架 portal frame 次梁 secondary beam concrete 面砖, 墙面砖 facing tile, wall 大型屋面板 precast ribbed roof 机制砖 machine-made brick tile slab 剪力墙 shear wall 耐火混凝土 fire-resisting 单层厂房 one-storied factory 简支梁 simply supported beam concrete 单筋梁 beam with single 经济跨度 economic span 排架 bent, bent frame reinforcement 经济配筋率economic ratio of 女儿墙 parapet wall, parapet 单跨 single span reinforcement 配筋率 reinforcement ratio 单向板 one-way slab 劲性钢筋 stiff reinforcement 配箍率 stirrup ratio 垫块 cushion block 劲性钢筋混凝土结构 砌块 block 垫梁 template beam steel composite construction 圈梁 ring beam, tie beam, bond 吊车梁 crane beam, crane 径向钢筋 radial reinforcement beam girder 抗剪钢筋 shear reinforcement 顶棚抹灰 ceiling plastering 抗拉钢筋 tension reinforcement 山墙 gable 端跨 end span, tail bay 受压钢筋 compression 深梁 deep beam 多跨连续梁 multi-span beam reinforcement 伸缩缝 expansion joint 翻边 upstand 可见裂缝 visible crack 实腹梁 solid web girder 反梁 upstand beam 刻痕钢丝 indented steel wire 实腹柱 solid web column 分布钢筋 distribution-bar 坑 pit, hollow, delve 竖向钢筋 vertical 封闭式箍筋 closed stirrup 空斗墙 rowlock cavity wall, reinforcement 附加钢筋 additional bar rolock wall 双向配筋 two-way 刚架 rigid frame, stiff frame 空心板 hollow slab reinforcement 钢筋 reinforcement, steel bar, 空心砖隔墙 hollow tile 素混凝土 plain concrete bar partition 筒中筒结构 tube-in-tube 钢筋表 Bar Schedules 跨度 span structure 钢筋笼 steel reinforcement 框架 frame 网状钢筋 steel mesh cage 框架剪力墙结构 frame-shear reinforcement 钢筋间距 spacing of bars, bar wall structure 围堰 cofferdam, coffer spacing 拉接钢筋 tie bar 无梁楼盖 flat slab, flat plate系 钢筋网 bar-mat reinforcement, 栏杆 railing, banister 梁 tie beam mesh reinforcement 栏杆立柱 railing post 预应力钢筋混凝土 钢筋砖 reinforced brick 老化 aging prestressed reinforced concrete 勾缝 joint pointing 累积误差 accumulated error 预应力构件 prestressed 构架 frame, gallows 肋形楼板 ribbed floor slab component 构件 member, structural 冷拔低碳钢丝 cold-drawn 预制 prefabrication 预制板 precast slab 钢框架 steel frame 上弦横向水平支撑 upper 预制构件 prefabrication 钢梯, 爬梯 steel ladder lateral bracing component 高强度螺栓 high strength bolt 上弦纵向水平支撑upper 预制装配式结构 prefabricated 格构柱 lattice column longitudinal bracing construction 工字梁 I-girder, I-beam 平面桁架 plane truss 折板 folded plate, folded slab 工字钢 I-steel 实腹刚架 solid web rigid frame 折板结构 folded-plate structure 工字形截面 I-shaped 塔架 pylon bent 主筋 main reinforcement, main cross-section 特种钢 special steel bar 焊缝 welding seam 调和漆 mixed paint 主梁 main beam, girder 焊接 welding 贴角焊 fillet weld, fillet 柱距 column spacing, post 焊接长度 weld length welding spacing 焊条 welding rod 托架 bracket 装配式结构 fabricated structure 桁架 truss 网架结构 grid structure 纵梁 longitudinal beam 红丹底漆 red lead primer 屋架 roof truss, principal 纵剖面 longitudinal section 红丹漆 red lead paint 无缝钢管 seamless steel pipe 纵向钢筋 longitudinal bar 加劲肋 stiffening rib, rib 系杆 tie rod, tie bar, tie stiffener 下弦 bottom chord, lower chord d. Steel Structure 钢结构 加劲板 stiffening plate 下弦横向水平支撑 bottom 角钢 angle steel lateral bracing 节点 joint, node 斜撑 diagonal brace, diagonal 薄壁型钢 light-gauge steel 节点板 gusset plate, gusset bracing section, 节点位移 joint displacement 型钢 section steel, shaped steel hollow steel section 节间长度 panel length 悬索 suspended cable, 不等肢角钢 unequal angle steel 紧固螺栓 clamp bolt, fastening suspension cable 槽钢 channel, channel steel bolt 压力焊 pressure welding 背对背角钢组合 angles back to 精制螺栓 turned bolt 仰焊 overhead welding, back 可焊性 weldability inverted welding 不锈钢 stainless steel 空腹桁架 open-web truss 翼缘 flange 除锈 rust-removal 空间桁架 space truss 翼缘板 flange plate, cover plate 粗制螺栓 rough bolt, black bolt 肋板 ribbed panel, ribbed slab 轧制型钢 rolled steel section 带钢 strip steel, band iron 连接板 connecting plate, joint 支撑 bracing, strutting 单面焊 single weld, one-side plate 铸铁管 cast iron pipe welding 檩条 purline 组合槽钢 built-up channel 地脚螺栓 foundation bolt, 螺母 screw nut, nut 组合截面built-up anchor bolt, 螺栓 bolt section,compound section holding down bolt 螺栓孔 bolt hole 自动焊接 automatic welding 点焊 spot welding, point 螺纹 screw thread, thread welding 螺纹长度 length of thread e. Design for Antiseismic 抗震 电动葫芦 electric hoist 螺纹钢 screw-threaded steel, 设计 等边角钢 equal angle, equal leg twisted steel angle 拉杆 tie rod, tension rod 对接焊, 对焊 butt welding 满焊 full weld 鞭梢效应 whipping effect 腹板 web plate, web 铆钉 rivet 场地类别 site classification 腹杆 web member 锰钢 manganese steel 场地土 site soil 腹板加劲件 web stiffener 喷砂 sand blasting 单自由度体系single-degree of 杆 rod, bar 轻钢结构 lightweight steel freedom system 钢板 steel plate construction 底部剪力法 equivalent base 钢管 steel tube, steel pipe 三角架 tripod shear method 钢桁架 steel truss 上弦 top chord, upper chord 地震 earthquake, seism 地震烈度 earthquake intensity, 补充说明 additional remarks 防滑条 non-slip insert seismic intensity 补充条件 supplementary 防火 fire prevention, fire 地震烈度区划图 map of conditions proofing seismic intensity zoning 不对称 asymmetry 防火材料 fireproof material 地震影响系数 seismic 布置 arrangement, layout 防火分区 fire compartment influence coefficient 布置图 layout plan, layout 防水 waterproofing 地震作用 earthquake action 材料 material 防水材料 waterproof material 多自由度体系 multi-degree of 材料表 bill of materials 防水砂浆 waterproof mortar freedom system 材料强度 strength of materials 防酸 acid proofing 反应谱 response spectrum 参见详图 referring to detail 方形 square 抗震 earthquake resistance drawing 防锈 rust prevention 抗震缝 seismic joint, aseismic 参考点 reference point 防锈剂 anti-rust agent joint 参数 parameter 防振 vibration protection 抗震构造 aseismic construction 操作平台 operating platform 分配系数 distribution 抗震设防 earthquake 草图 sketch, draft, rough coefficient fortification drawing 风化 weathering, efflorescence 抗震设计 seismic design 侧向刚度 lateral rigidity 风向 wind direction 共振 resonance 侧向稳定 lateral stability 附图 attached drawing 基本周期 foundamental period 侧向约束 lateral restraint 附注 note, annotation 里氏震级 Richter magnitude 侧向支撑 lateral bracing, side 高层建筑 high-rise building 烈度 intensity bracing 高差 difference in elevation 设计近震 design near 拆除 demolition, removal 高跨比 ratio of rise to span earthquake 长细比 slenderness ratio 高宽比 depth-width ratio 设计远震 design far earthquake 厂房 factory building, mill 高耸结构 high-rise structure 时程分析法 time history building 隔断 partition, divider method 超静定 statical indetermination 工程 project, engineering 液化 liquefaction 承包 contract 工程量 quantities 振型 vibration mode 承包商 contractor 工程量表 bill of quantities 振型分解法 modal analysis 等效截面 equivalent section 工业厂房 industrial factory method 底标高 bottom elevation building 震源 earthquake focus 电梯 lift, elevator, electric lift 工业建筑 industrial architecture 震中 earthquake epicenter 电梯井 elevator hoistway, lift 公称直径 nominal diameter 自由度 degree of freedom well, lift shaft 公式 formula 自振周期 natural period of 电梯机房 elevator machine 公司 company, corporation vibration room 拱 arch f. General Words for Design 方案 scheme, plan, programme 共振 resonance, sympathetic 设计常用词汇 方案设计 schematic plan vibration 安装 installation, erection 方案图 schematic drawing 管架 pipe rack 报价 offer, quoted price 防爆 explosion 规范 regulation, code 报价单 quotation protection,explosion-proofing 规格 specifications, standards 壁柱 pilaster, mural column 防潮层 damp-proof course 规模 scale, scope 变更 alteration, variation, 防冻 freezing prevention, frost 国家规范 national regulation modification protection 国家标准 national standards 变形 deformation 防冻剂 antifreeze compound contract 标高 elevation, level 防腐 preservation 横向变形 transverse 标准 standard, criterion 防腐剂 preservative, deformation 标准大样 standard detail preservative agent 横向刚度 lateral rigidity 标准图 standard drawing 防滑 slip-resistance 化工厂 chemical plant 补充规定 additional regulations 防滑处理 deslicking treatment 货梯 freight elevator, goods lift 极限承载能力 ultimate bearing 耐火等级 fire resistance rating sewage treatment capacity 耐久性 durability, endurance 先张法预应力 pretensioned 纪要 summary 爬梯 cat ladder prestressing 计算书 calculation sheet 疲劳破坏 fatigue failure 现行标准 currently effective 技术资料 technical data 频率 frequency standards 剪刀撑, 交叉撑 X-brace, cross 平面布置 plan layout 详图, 大样 detail drawing, brace 平台 terrace, platform, deck detail 简图 sketch, diagram 平台栏杆 platform railing 橡胶止水带 rubber waterstop 简支梁 simple beam 剖面 section 消防 firefighting, fire protection 交叉 intersection, crossing 剖面图 sectional drawing 斜率 slope 交点 intersection point 侵蚀 corrosion, erosion 卸荷 unloading 铰接 hinged connection, hinge 倾覆 overturning, toppling 卸货平台 discharging platform, joint, pin connection 人孔 manhole unloading platform 结构变形 structural 容许误差 allowable error, 悬臂 cantilever deformation permissible error 悬臂板 cantilever slab 结构图 structural drawing 容许值 permissible value, 悬臂梁 cantilever beam, 结构形式 structural style allowable value overhanging beam 结构稳定性 structural stability 晒图 blueprinting 悬挂 hanging suspension 结论 conclusion, verdict 上部结构 superstructure 压缩机 compressor 截面 section 设计要求 design requirements 压缩模量 modulus of 界限 limits, bounds, 设计资料 design data compression demarcation line 伸缩缝 expansion joint 延性 ductility, ductileness 紧急出口 emergency exit 室外楼梯 exterior stair, outside 业主 client, owner 精确度 accuracy, precision, stairway 一览表 table, schedule, list excatitude, 双向板 two-way slab 有效截面 effective section 局部破坏 local failure, partial 水平撑 horizontal brace 预应力损失 loss of prestress, failure 踏步 step prestressing loss 矩形 rectangular 踏步板 tread 圆形 circular shape, round 抗冻 frost resisting 弹簧 spring 圆柱 circular column, round 抗风柱 wind resistance column 填充材料 filling material column 立面 elevation, facade 填充墙 filler wall 约束 confinement, restraint, 粒径 particle diameter 挑板 cantilever slab constraint 连续梁 continuous beam 挑檐 projecting eaves, overhang 约束条件 constrain condition 两铰拱 two-hinged arch eaves 展开图 developed drawing 裂缝 rift, crack, crevice 停车场 car park, parking lot 栈桥 landing stage, loading 楼梯 stair 通用构件 standard member bridge 楼梯间 staircase 通用图 standard drawing 罩棚 awning 楼梯扶手 stair rail 通用详图 standard detail 折减系数 reduction factor 楼梯净空 stair headroom 统一标准 unified standards 折算高度 reduced height 楼梯平台, 休息平台 landing, 统一构件 unified structure 支座 support, pedestal pace, stair landing element 直爬梯 vertical ladder 楼梯坡度 pitch of stair, slope of 投标 bid, tender 止水带 water stop stair 招标 bidding 中和轴 neutral axis 楼梯踏步 stair step 图集 collective drawings, 重心 center of gravity 铝合金 aluminum alloy collection of drawings 周期 period, cycle 铝合金窗 aluminum alloy 图签 title block 转弯半径 turning radius window 温差 temperature difference 转动惯量 rotational inertia 民用建筑 civil architecture 稳定性 stability, steadiness 装卸平台 loading and 摩擦 friction 污水处理 sewage disposal, unloading platform 含水量 water content, moisture 平整 leveling g. General Words for content 平整场地 leveling of ground Construction 混凝土剥落 scaling of concrete 坡道, 斜坡道 ramp, slope ramp, 施工常用词汇 混凝土外加剂 concrete slope way 拌和料 mixture additive, concrete agent 起吊 hoisting 标准级配 standard grading 混凝土浇筑 pouring of 砂浆 mortar 补强 strengthening, stiffening concrete 升板 lift slab 测量 survey, measurement 级配 gradation, grading 升板法施工 lift slab 拆模 form removal 加固 reinforcement, construction 尺寸 dimension, size strengthening 施工 construction 抄平 leveling 加腋 haunching 施工单位 construction 处理 treatment 间距 spacing, pit organization 搭接 lap joint, lapping, overlap 建设 building, construction 施工缝 construction joint, joint 建筑安装工程construction and working joint 搭接长度 splicing length installation work 施工图 construction drawing 打底 bedding, priming 建筑材料 building materials 时效 aging 打夯, 夯实 ramming, tamping 建筑结构 building structure 试样 sample, test sample 打桩 pile driving, piling, 建筑设计院 architecture design 收缩 shrinkage, contraction driving institute 水灰比 water-cement ratio 粗砂 coarse sand 建筑施工 building construction 水泥 cement 捣实 rodding, tamping 检修人孔 inspection manhole 水泥抹面 cement plaster 地质勘测 geological 浇筑 pouring, placing, 水泥砂浆 cement mortar exploration, geological survey depositing 水泥砂浆找平 cement mortar 吊装 hoisting 脚手架 scaffold, scaffolding screeding 定位 locating, positioning 结构标高 structural elevation 坍落度 slump 堆料区 stacking area 进度估计 progress estimate 梯子 ladder, stepladder 洞口 opening 净高 clear height 提升模板climbing 放大 enlargement, amplification 净距 clear distance form,climbing shuttering 放线 setting out 净空 clearance 温度缝 temperature joint 放样 lofting, setting out 绝对标高 absolute elevation, 误差 error, inaccuracy 分层夯实 compaction in layers absolute level 细骨料 fine aggregate 分层回填 back-filling in layers 竣工 completion 细石混凝土 fine concrete 蜂窝麻面 voids and pits 竣工图 “As Built” drawing 现场预制 site prefabrication 改建 reconstruction, alteration 开工 commencement of work 现浇混凝土 cast-in-place 改造 transformation, 扩建 extension, enlargement concrete remodeling 离析 segregation 相对标高 relative elevation, 钢模 steel mould 临时设施 construction site relative level 钢套管 steel thimble, steel facilities 徐变 creep sleeve 临时道路 temporary road 养护 curing 工厂预制构件 factory-made 麻面 hungry spots 永久变形 permanent component 埋入长度 embedment length deformation 骨料, 集料 aggregate 面层 coat, coating 预留孔 preformed hole, 骨料级配 gradation of 抹灰 plastering, rendering prepared hole aggregate 抹灰面层 finish plaster 预埋件 embedded parts, 骨料粒径 aggregate size 模板 form, shutter board embedded inserts 贯入度 penetration 模板工程 formwork 预埋螺栓 embedded bolt, 灌浆 grouting, grout jection 喷涂 spray coating, spraying inserted bolt 和易性 workability 膨胀螺栓 expansion bolt, 找平 leveling, screeding 后张法 post-tensioning method expansion anchor 找平层 leveling coat, leveling course 振捣 vibration 振捣棒 poker vibration, vibrating needle, vibrator 支模 form erecting, erection of shuttering 最佳级配 optimum gradation 坐标 coordinate