北师大教育学考研经验

北师大教育学考研经验 [每三个考取北师大教育学的人,一个人来自凯程] 首先，说明我自己的情况:我叫王SY，2015年考北师教育学部的学硕，初试总分三百七十分，其中政治六十多，英语七十多，专业课二百三十分，考入比较教育。 关于北师教育学考研的经验，我主要分为六点:一是初试准备;二是复试准备;三是心态;四是如何休息、锻炼和激励自己;五是关于手机。最后，辅导班的作用; 一( 初试准备 1( 英语: (1)要将英语真题反复做，在做阅读理解的过程中错的多很正常，但要分析错误原因，是审题不清，还是推理偏差，需要将错误原因写在试题旁，并在卷子空白处进行认真总结，经常翻看，下次做题时要注意。 (2)背单词。单词是要不间断地背上大半年的，运用艾宾浩斯记忆曲线及时复习。单词不会，考研英语的整个天空都是黑的。 (3)适当做些翻译。把历年考研英语真题的阅读理解拿来每天翻译一篇，两周下来你会发现整个英语水平会上一个档次。 4)作文模板的背诵非常必要，这也是一个长时间的积累才能融会贯通，为己所用。 ( 2.政治:以下是我在复习政治时的反思: (1)尽早复习政治，它体系庞大繁杂，要有足够的时间去理清线索。我是十月底开始复习政治的，太晚了昂～最晚九月就要开始了。 (2)关于政治学习方法:?记年代时要逆向和正向相结合，如:1929年发生了什么事,或毛泽东第一次提出“思想路线”一词是什么时候,?比较容易混淆的部分拉出来做个思维导图，如毛中特章节中社会主义改造理论、社会主义的本质和根本任务、社会主义阶段理论、社会主义改革和对外开放的区分，不要傻傻分不清楚(虽然我就是这样„);?学会用标准化的语言答政治题，将自己的语言内化成标准语言。 (3)不要钻到定义的死胡同里，在看定义之前现在大脑中形成自己的见解，与标准定义对照后形成表象(千万不要钻牛角尖)进入记忆层。 3.专业课: (1)读专业课书籍应注意以下十条，学习间隙一条条排查看哪一条没有做好:?以作者的眼光找线索，梳理结构，情景代入;?理清框架并对细节加以注意;?名字较长的用首字母代替便于梳理;?要尽可能地maxisize速度和质量;?用历史背景串联，找出历史发展的因果，背景和因果都非常重要;?要对相似的知识点进行对比，反复验证;?找关键词加连接词进行背诵，长篇大论地背肯定是吃不消的;?应注意权威名人的言论部分，其他人的解释或定义作为辅助理解;?在脑海里不断强化重点词;?用自己的话讲，将知识转化成自己的，并及时复习。 (2)在笔记本上整理知识框架所需要注意的同样是十条:?字体要工整，大小要一致，不能造成哪个字大就重要哪个字小就不重要的误解;?按照格子写最好;?要不断尝试探索新的整理方法、记忆方法和写字方法，不断趋于完美;?序号有标好，不要有误，不然以后自己的笔记都没法复习;?要涉及所有细节，不要遗漏，不要偷懒;?排版要合理，合理运用笔记本的纸张空间;?补充课外知识或更精辟的要点时要注明“引”字或注明“另一种分类”;risk managers with two account manager to deal with the above key. Section I of chapter III risk management requirements pre-loan investigation pre-loan investigation should double handle. Pre-loan investigation dominated by field investigations on the ground, while utilizing credit enquiries, telephone enquiries, bank information system query-related personnel, and so on. Interview system of Bank's strict application of the system of personal credit business interview. Investigators should work with borrowers, to the repayment or the guarantor credit business, such as parties and the spouse of confirmed acts such as loans, guarantees, verification of its authenticity and its rights and obligations in the credit business, retain these signed transcript of the interview, from the first step to prevent false loans and other business risks. Investigator should retain the borrower sign a personal loan application, loan applications should be clearly the amount, purpose, duration and other information. Investigators should follow the practice for information collection and verification of data authenticity it carefully, and keep copies, photocopies must be checked against the original agreement, effectively preventing borrowers using false information to apply for credit. Income and occupation, and other key information to verify authenticity investigators should carefully verifying the borrower's income. To income as the main source of repayment, subject to proof of income is required, but should also audit payroll flowing water, and staff than the peer confirmed the authenticity of the same type; operating income as the main source of repayment, and should refer to the working capital loans required to verify real incomes, accuracy; guard no ability to repay or guarantee of the ability of the borrower, guarantor to obtain credit. Given that some products for an object to have a specific professional restrictions ?定义的简化或延展，如:实验教育学:时期+国家+什么方法+研究什么的理论(19世纪末20世纪初在欧美一些国家兴起的用自然科学的实验法研究儿童发展及其教育关系的理论);?将无规律的知识点进行改编(用首字相连、图像意识、故事联系等进行有意义的联系，便于记忆);?尽量不要从书上抄到笔记本上，先默念一遍然后背写到本子上，培养识记能力和内在逻辑能力，同时不要一味整理，两小时之后回顾一遍，在头脑中串成线，形成思维导图。 (3)线索的重要性:每门学科都有其自身的线索，比如:?中教史:朝代、人物、改革(政策);?外教史:国家、时间、人物、流派;?教心:人物、流派;?教原:模块、人物、流派;?教研:方法。 (4)知识点的串联:知识点光是背不行，单深度理解也不行，还要知道为什么这么串，这几个点串起来对应什么问题，这很重要。同时，也要能够将所有知识点回忆成框架，再进行补充和查漏补缺。(看书先看结构再细看内容再回想结构) (5)重点记忆“意义”:某件事、某个流派、某个思想出现的意义是非常重要的，要予以重视。 (6)回顾总结:不要害怕回顾，回顾总结，不断重复才是加深记忆最有效的方法，不求速度只求质量，一切优秀的记忆都是建立在不断重复的基础上，在所有方法综合应用灵活自如的基础上。 (7)回答专业课简答题时要注意:?用标准化的专业词汇进行回答，不能太随意或写得太简单;?注重提及涉及概念或事件的背景、时间及事件的概况等基本信息(如察举制:在汉武帝时期得以确立，是先经考察举荐、再经考试、根据考试优劣选任人管的，是对太学养士选材的补充，其实是保障了读书做官、以儒术取士的落实，成为科举制度的先导——这样写就比较全面且有条理);?注重答题时的着力点，有偏重地作答。 总之，专业课的复习要注重方法，科学合理，不可死记硬背。 4.在复习过程中的一些优秀习惯: (1)想到什么，当机立断去做，别迟疑。 (2)所有想到的事情都记到本子上，有计划。 (3)每天写反思和自我总结。 (4)把每天需要用到手机的时间点规定一下，平时不要动手机刷微博和朋友圈，学会自我管理，不给自己找任何借口。 (5)任何时候，要想进入状态是很困难的，一旦进入状态就不要轻易出来。人生就是一个不断自我超越的过程，不要去想别人怎么样，而是多想自己是否做到了极致。 二( 复试准备(恭喜大家来到复试) ?笔试: 以比较教育为例，今年的复试笔试题是: 1( 论述一个比较教育学家的思想。 2( 谈谈你对上海两次PISA成绩第一的看法。 3( 你对中国教育对外开放的看法和建议。 4( 英文翻译:关于美国教育券的呼声——支持还是反对, 笔试侧重的地方应该一目了然了吧,～(专业性、时代性) ?面试: 1. 锻炼专业语言能力:为了能够熟练运用教育学语言，建议每天抽出20~30分钟总结熊丙奇、朱永新等教育学者对于教育热点问题的观点(新浪微博上的长微博)，并在旁边运用教育学语言写上自己的观点。 2. 找个好研友，两人相互学习相互挑毛病相互鼓励，能够提升不少。美好的友谊非常重要。 risk managers with two account manager to deal with the above key. Section I of chapter III risk management requirements pre-loan investigation pre-loan investigation should double handle. Pre-loan investigation dominated by field investigations on the ground, while utilizing credit enquiries, telephone enquiries, bank information system query-related personnel, and so on. Interview system of Bank's strict application of the system of personal credit business interview. Investigators should work with borrowers, to the repayment or the guarantor credit business, such as parties and the spouse of confirmed acts such as loans, guarantees, verification of its authenticity and its rights and obligations in the credit business, retain these signed transcript of the interview, from the first step to prevent false loans and other business risks. Investigator should retain the borrower sign a personal loan application, loan applications should be clearly the amount, purpose, duration and other information. Investigators should follow the practice for information collection and verification of data authenticity it carefully, and keep copies, photocopies must be checked against the original agreement, effectively preventing borrowers using false information to apply for credit. Income and occupation, and other key information to verify authenticity investigators should carefully verifying the borrower's income. To income as the main source of repayment, subject to proof of income is required, but should also audit payroll flowing water, and staff than the peer confirmed the authenticity of the same type; operating income as the main source of repayment, and should refer to the working capital loans required to verify real incomes, accuracy; guard no ability to repay or guarantee of the ability of the borrower, guarantor to obtain credit. Given that some products for an object to have a specific professional restrictions 3. 一定要做适当的思维训练，锻炼临场发挥和临时救急能力。这种能力经过短期反复练习都可以得到提高。 4. 关于面试的准备，自问自答是非常有效的提高方法，不妨一试。 5( 读几本教育学名著，哲学、管理学(有相关学科背景的同学)也可适当准备，会问到。 ( 面试啦，要做好以下几件事: 6 ?心理上稍微紧张很正常，进场前做几次深呼吸。 ?适当加些手势，但也不宜过多。 ?一定要微笑～ ?不要用呃、啊、然后这些词，要有条理的第一第二第三。 ?声音要适当洪亮，显示出自己的自信，让人耳目一新。 ?与每位老师都要有眼神交流。 ?说错了或者不知道没关系，一定要显示出自己的诚实，不会就说不会，加上以后会怎么做就好了。其实不在于内容，而在于要让老师看到真诚和未来的发展空间。 ?实在不会说了或忘记了自己准备的内容就要临场发挥了。还是要讲条理，第一第二第三。说不下去了还是刚才说的对不起，以后会好好学，打牢基础什么的。 ?一定要心理强大，假如老师刁难了，不要惧怕，一定要坚持到最后一秒面带微笑，精神抖擞。(也许老师就是在考验你的抗压能力)。 ?表现出自己的礼貌，谦虚，踏实。 ?材料上的准备: 1. 可以准备份简历，简历内容要精炼，电子简历可以发给自己心怡的导师，他们一般不回但会看到，对你有所印象。 2. 本科成绩单，身份证复印件，学生证，身份证等(看学校通知)。 3. 专业热点问题要准备，报考专业上前辈的大概思想了解下，英语口语基本的自我介绍要有，另外准备几个专业问题和家常类问题。 ?复试总述 笔试有一定要准备与报考专业相关的题目。比如教育经济与管理:请列举一本教育管理的书。请谈谈我国教育管理方面的问题和措施。(可能不会考很细的知识点，具体要看一看学校以往的情况) 关于面试有很多。我先说一下我的面试吧。首先，轻声敲门，待老师允许后进去。五六个老师坐在沙发上正对着自己。鞠个躬，说声各位老师好。老师说请坐。我交了自己的读书笔记和书单，说请老师指教。面试开始。 1. 老师:做一下自我介绍。 我:各位老师好，我叫***。(把名字解释了一下)我今年**岁(老师打断一下问了年龄为什么这么小)即将毕业于**大学**专业。在学习过程中，我对国内的一些教育问题进行了反思，并对国外一些优秀的教育思想产生了浓厚的兴趣，所以报考**专业，希望能够在这个专业进行深造。另外，在英语方面，通过了六级。(老师问六级多少分)在课余生活中，我喜欢读书，书法，各种运动并坚持每天跑步五千米。(一位老师就很感兴趣地问为什么能够想起来要跑步，我说因为我看了村上春树的《当我跑步时我谈些什么》获得了力量，还专门写了篇关于跑步体悟的小文) 2. 老师:你都读过什么书, 我:我平时喜欢阅读哲学。。。 老师:谈一本你读过的哲学书。 risk managers with two account manager to deal with the above key. Section I of chapter III risk management requirements pre-loan investigation pre-loan investigation should double handle. Pre-loan investigation dominated by field investigations on the ground, while utilizing credit enquiries, telephone enquiries, bank information system query-related personnel, and so on. Interview system of Bank's strict application of the system of personal credit business interview. Investigators should work with borrowers, to the repayment or the guarantor credit business, such as parties and the spouse of confirmed acts such as loans, guarantees, verification of its authenticity and its rights and obligations in the credit business, retain these signed transcript of the interview, from the first step to prevent false loans and other business risks. Investigator should retain the borrower sign a personal loan application, loan applications should be clearly the amount, purpose, duration and other information. Investigators should follow the practice for information collection and verification of data authenticity it carefully, and keep copies, photocopies must be checked against the original agreement, effectively preventing borrowers using false information to apply for credit. Income and occupation, and other key information to verify authenticity investigators should carefully verifying the borrower's income. To income as the main source of repayment, subject to proof of income is required, but should also audit payroll flowing water, and staff than the peer confirmed the authenticity of the same type; operating income as the main source of repayment, and should refer to the working capital loans required to verify real incomes, accuracy; guard no ability to repay or guarantee of the ability of the borrower, guarantor to obtain credit. Given that some products for an object to have a specific professional restrictions第 3 页 共 3 页 我:西方哲学史balabala。(选本擅长的有所准备的) 老师:除了这本书，还读了什么哲学书, 我:(说了本笛卡尔的《方法论》，叔本华的《作为意志和表象的世界》，我说其实我没太 读得懂。老师说这样没人指导这看这些会掉沟里的，另一位老师就笑说那以后就指导一下嘛， 也就没再问下去。) 老师:谁是在大学第一个开设教育学的人, 我:康德。 老师:后人中谁和康德的思想比较接近, 我:。。。(完全愣了，谁呢,然后另一个老师开始说我怎么不知道谁和康德的思想一致呢, 这位老师就说怎么没有,杜威呐～那位老师就说怎么一样了嘛～——我突然完全舒了口气， 说:对不起老师，这个我还真不知道，希望有机会能再请您指教。) 老师:既然你这么喜欢哲学，为什么不报教育哲学啊什么的, 我:老师因为我不只是在看哲学书，我还希望能够学习除哲学以外多元的综合的知识，所以 报考**专业。 3. 老师:我看你读了很多书，这个苏珊?桑塔格的写作背景你知道吗, 我:(确实不了解，她的书我真没深究)对不起老师我不知道。但是我以后看书一定会注意 了解写作背景的。 4. 老师:你家里人有没有从事教师的, 我:我妈妈是小学语文老师。 (老师问一堆她怎么教育你的，她有哪些你最想跟她说些什么) 5. 老师:世界基础教育的发展趋势是什么, 我:(第一第二第三分条说) (答得不太好，一位老师皱了皱眉，不过没关系，就还面带微笑坐在那里就好了) 6. 老师:I see that you have read Einstein. What do you think of Einstein? 我:Okay sir, thank you for your question. First, Einstein is an intelligent, diligent person. And second, he is good at finding inspirations in his life. I think I have learned a lot from his life and spirit.(因为没有准备所以说的很短也磕磕巴巴的，但是一定要说) 7. 老师:So, if you were admitted, but your supervisor doesn’t like you. What would you do ? 我:Okay sir, thank you for your question. First, I want to know why he doesn’t like me, and I will correct my weakness and improve myself. And second, I will communicate with him more frequently, and I want to let him know that I am hard-working and intelligent , and I hope I will not let him down. 老师:Okay, but what if you didn’t like your supervisor? 我:Okay sir, I don’t think I will not like my supervisor, that’s not a question. I want to learn from every professor. (老师们都笑了) 8. 面试结束。站起鞠躬，并说:谢谢老师，老师再见。(并带走自己的材料) 三( 心态 四( 以下这些语句是我考研时反复写到自己的本本上的，极大的鼓励我坚持学习。我把这 些话写给大家。 1. 做笔记时每一个字母都要写工整，人生要耐得住无聊和磨炼。 2. 知之为知之，不知为不知，做明区分，永远不要有模棱两可的态度，永远不放过自己。 3. 一定要匀速坚持用功，持之以恒是人生一大美德。 4. 心无杂念。 risk managers with two account manager to deal with the above key. Section I of chapter III risk management requirements pre-loan investigation pre-loan investigation should double handle. Pre-loan investigation dominated by field investigations on the ground, while utilizing credit enquiries, telephone enquiries, bank information system query-related personnel, and so on. Interview system of Bank's strict application of the system of personal credit business interview. Investigators should work with borrowers, to the repayment or the guarantor credit business, such as parties and the spouse of confirmed acts such as loans, guarantees, verification of its authenticity and its rights and obligations in the credit business, retain these signed transcript of the interview, from the first step to prevent false loans and other business risks. Investigator should retain the borrower sign a personal loan application, loan applications should be clearly the amount, purpose, duration and other information. Investigators should follow the practice for information collection and verification of data authenticity it carefully, and keep copies, photocopies must be checked against the original agreement, effectively preventing borrowers using false information to apply for credit. Income and occupation, and other key information to verify authenticity investigators should carefully verifying the borrower's income. To income as the main source of repayment, subject to proof of income is required, but should also audit payroll flowing water, and staff than the peer confirmed the authenticity of the same type; operating income as the main source of repayment, and should refer to the working capital loans required to verify real incomes, accuracy; guard no ability to repay or guarantee of the ability of the borrower, guarantor to obtain credit. Given that some products for an object to have a specific professional restrictions 5. 不要重蹈前人的覆辙，而要揍你所应该走的路。 6. 我已经给自己选定了考研这条路，我将坚定不移。 7. 所有人都欣赏具有超群才能和埋头苦干的精神的人。 8. 淡泊:你若一直追求成就，成就便会远离你，你若平和心态，真诚，发自内心谦卑地去做事，成就就会追随你。考研亦如是。 9. 平和:你什么也不用怕，不要多想，觉得对的，就大胆做，不对的，有时也要接受自身的缺陷，不然陷入不可自拔的境地就不好了。(不过，我觉得吧，考研的过程中没有过“想死”的阶段也很不正常) 10. 要珍惜当下，完善自己，不遗余力地努力。 11. 不要让犹豫不决占据了勤奋的时间。 12. 独立、自我、我行我素、让别人看上去坚定或是顽固该是青年人多么美好的品质啊，勇敢地拥抱孤独。 13. 一个人，短暂地由于缺乏认识做了错事，走了弯路并不可过分苛求，改正是第一，其次也为日后做反思付诸改变提供经验。但要确保自身每一刻都是勤劳的，谦逊的。世界的智慧之大，须时刻提醒身心修行。 14. 正心，坚定，有恒。 我在考研期间遇到很多事，不是学习上的，而是生活里的难事一下子拥堵过来，这时候也不要怕。我到现在才明白，成长是多么艰难，快乐是多么不易，挺住意味着一切～ 五( 如何休息、锻炼和激励自己 ?休息: 1. 这是我推荐的一种习惯:用一到两个小时来“短跑”专注地工作，精力非常集中，然后在“短跑”之后，在尽可能少分心的情况下，用十五分钟来恢复。心理学家发现我们能够“短跑”，能够专注，按照我们的生物钟能够持续一到两个小时，每个人可能不同，有些人是一个小时，有些人可能持续两个小时，但平均是一个半小时，“短跑”之后，可以是冥想，听你最喜欢的音乐，也可以是健身，可以多于十五分钟，但至少要十五分钟。 2. 睡眠:睡眠对于考研的学生同样很重要，它是对创造力和记忆力的重要投资，每周都要休息半天到一天。另外，中午要午休半小时，下午和晚上才有精神。 ?锻炼: 考研的准备时间还算比较长，如果不坚持锻炼的话抑郁、沉闷可能都不容易缓解。坚持每天在一个固定的时间慢跑或快走半小时。锻炼能让大脑释放出感觉良好的物质——多巴胺，还能提高人的认知功能。我受益匪浅，希望大家都是。 ?激励自己: 1. 制定一个协调的合理适度的目标。 2. 厌倦、失去精力、动力的时候，抽一点时间做点新鲜事。 3. 制定最早期限(而不是deadline)，写下自己的承诺目标。 4. 有适当的榜样:比如我自己某天的日记里有段话:今天看了写乌申斯基的文章，写得很感人，整个人生从不觉得屈就，将教育作为最高理想，写下无数具有丰富内涵的文章，将毕生46岁的时光奉献给了教育理想～这才是有风范的教育大家，要向其学习～我的一切动力和行为都来源于乌申斯基先生的鼓舞和激励，加油，不为其他～ 六( 手机 回到宿舍的时间绝对不能浪费，可刷十五分钟微博和朋友圈，但一到时间即刻停止，这是原则，如果每天都用手机时间太长，研肯定是考不上了。 risk managers with two account manager to deal with the above key. Section I of chapter III risk management requirements pre-loan investigation pre-loan investigation should double handle. Pre-loan investigation dominated by field investigations on the ground, while utilizing credit enquiries, telephone enquiries, bank information system query-related personnel, and so on. Interview system of Bank's strict application of the system of personal credit business interview. Investigators should work with borrowers, to the repayment or the guarantor credit business, such as parties and the spouse of confirmed acts such as loans, guarantees, verification of its authenticity and its rights and obligations in the credit business, retain these signed transcript of the interview, from the first step to prevent false loans and other business risks. Investigator should retain the borrower sign a personal loan application, loan applications should be clearly the amount, purpose, duration and other information. Investigators should follow the practice for information collection and verification of data authenticity it carefully, and keep copies, photocopies must be checked against the original agreement, effectively preventing borrowers using false information to apply for credit. Income and occupation, and other key information to verify authenticity investigators should carefully verifying the borrower's income. To income as the main source of repayment, subject to proof of income is required, but should also audit payroll flowing water, and staff than the peer confirmed the authenticity of the same type; operating income as the main source of repayment, and should refer to the working capital loans required to verify real incomes, accuracy; guard no ability to repay or guarantee of the ability of the borrower, guarantor to obtain credit. Given that some products for an object to have a specific professional restrictions第 5 页 共 5 页 总结: 每一场考试下来，都能感受到自己的成长，从思想上，行动力上，都是。随着考试的结束，我也许不会再像写这篇经验帖时一样去回顾我以前的种种，但不变的是，对每个帮助过我，鼓励过我的老师，学长，学姐深深的感恩。希望我粗拙的文字能够让你寻得一言半语，助你考研备考之路。也希望凯程的学员们，都能够考上自己理想的学校。 七( 辅导班的作用 最后，我使用的是凯程的课程，凯程的老师都很优秀，我个人很认同，无论从初试课程的讲解还是在复试上的一些中肯的建议，都会有很大的帮助。另外，徐影老师讲的教原和教育史都非常精彩，能够使我将知识以科学合理的形式印到脑海里。若一个人单枪匹马地复习，一定会有方法和思路不得当的时候，这时老师的讲解会起到事半功倍的效果。最后，很重要的一点是对资料的运用要精炼，要有舍有得，这点上，凯程的740辅导用书非常好用。考教育学的非常值得一用。 risk managers with two account manager to deal with the above key. Section I of chapter III risk management requirements pre-loan investigation pre-loan investigation should double handle. Pre-loan investigation dominated by field investigations on the ground, while utilizing credit enquiries, telephone enquiries, bank information system query-related personnel, and so on. Interview system of Bank's strict application of the system of personal credit business interview. Investigators should work with borrowers, to the repayment or the guarantor credit business, such as parties and the spouse of confirmed acts such as loans, guarantees, verification of its authenticity and its rights and obligations in the credit business, retain these signed transcript of the interview, from the first step to prevent false loans and other business risks. Investigator should retain the borrower sign a personal loan application, loan applications should be clearly the amount, purpose, duration and other information. Investigators should follow the practice for information collection and verification of data authenticity it carefully, and keep copies, photocopies must be checked against the original agreement, effectively preventing borrowers using false information to apply for credit. Income and occupation, and other key information to verify authenticity investigators should carefully verifying the borrower's income. To income as the main source of repayment, subject to proof of income is required, but should also audit payroll flowing water, and staff than the peer confirmed the authenticity of the same type; operating income as the main source of repayment, and should refer to the working capital loans required to verify real incomes, accuracy; guard no ability to repay or guarantee of the ability of the borrower, guarantor to obtain credit. Given that some products for an object to have a specific professional restrictions