动物源性大肠杆菌药物敏感性检测及耐药性分析_英文__cropped

动物源性大肠杆菌药物敏感性检测及耐药性分析_英文__cropped An t ib io t ic Sen s it iv ity D e tec t ion an d Ana ly s is of E sch e r ich ia co l i Iso la ted C l in i- ca lly in Ch ina 1 2 1 3 3(2, , 2, 2, 21. L E I L ian ch en gZH EN G D an HA N W en yu J I F en gtao XU W e ido n g C ol leg e of , , 130062, ; 2. A n im a l S c ien ce a n d V e te r in a ry M ed ic in eJ il in U n iv e rs ity C h a n g ch u n C h in aT h e , 130052, ; H osp ita l of W om en a n d C h ild ren H ea l th S ta t ion in E rd a o D is t r ic tC h a n g ch u n C h in a )3. , 130062, J il in V e te r in a ry I n s t itu teC h a n g ch u n C h in a . : 9 393 A bstrac tT h e su scep t ib ility to k ind s o f an t ib io t ic s o f an im a l p a tho gen ic Ecol i iso la ted f rom c lin ica l sam p le s w a s de2 189% , 57176% ,2000 2003. , , , , , , , 93te rm ined f rom to T h e re sistance to T C GM CM P AM P RA KM F T SM and C IP w e re 78163% , 77186% , 92111% , 47133% , 46182% , 76184% 74181% , . and re sp ec t ive lyT h e iso la te s co u ld be c la ssif ied in to e igh t c la sse s acco rd ing to th e num be r o f d rug s to w h ich sra in s w e re re sistan t. T h e re sistance sp ec t rum o f th e iso la te s va r ied f rom 2 9 . 80 . to k ind s o f th e abo ve d rug sT h e st ra in s th a t w e re re sistan t to seven k ind s o f d rug s w e re m o re th an p e rcen tT h e re sis2 , , tance ra te s o f sw ine o r ig in st ra in s to GM AM P and KM w e re h igh e r th an tho se o f po u lt ry o r ig in st ra in sw h ile th e re sistance , , . ra te s o f po u lt ry o r ig in st ra in s to T C CM P SM and C IP w e re h igh e r rem a rk ab ly th an tho se o f sw ine o r ig in sT h e f requency o f 2000 2003, 67133% 90158% , 71129% 84181% , 73176% re sistance inc rea sed f rom to w h ich w a s f rom to fo r CM P to fo r AM P 80110% 61188% 88148% . , 61139% to fo r SM and to fo r C IPA t th e sam e t im eth e re sistance ra te o f GM dec rea sed f rom to () 53192%. T h ir ty2seven st ra in s 95 % co u ld m ak e a ll th e Kunm ing m ice d ie w ith in 72 h in jec ted in t rap e r ito nea lly w ith th e cu l2 8 - 1 - 1 ) (10×10?012 ?. 1. tu re s C FU mL m o u seo f Ecol i st ra in s re sp ec t ive lyT h e o th e r s co u ld re sto re v iru lence af te r p a ssage s o f m ice . .th ree t im e s in v iv oT h e p a tho gen ic ity o f w ild st ra in s w ith d rug re sistance acqu ired na tu ra ly to m ice d id no t dec line d rug sen sit iv ity; p a tho gen ic ity Key words: E sch e r ich ia col i; () : 8521612: 100524545 20050520470204D ocum en t code: A CL C n um berS A r t ic le ID () . E sch e rch ia col i Ecol iis th e p a tho gen m o st f requen t ly 1 M a te r ia ls an d M e tho d s . iso la ted c lin ica lly w ith d rug re sistance in C h inaT h e p reva2 . lence o f infec t io n s due to re sistan t Ecol i sp ec ie s h a s been in2 . 25922 , Bac ter ia l stra in s T h e Ecol i A T CC st ra in f rom 111 . c rea sing o ve r th e la st few yea r sB ecau se o f abu sing an t ib io t2 C h ina cu ltu re co llec t io n cen te r o f m ic roo rgan ism s, w a s u sed , icre sistan t st ra in s a re inc rea sing rap id ly and th e re sistance . . a s a su scep t ib le refe rence st ra inT h e Ecol i st ra in s u sed in . sp ec t rum is becom ing b ro adT h e re sistance m ech an isim o f th is study w e re iso la ted f rom po u lt ry and sw ine c lin ica l sam 2 . Ecol i to an t ib io t ic is ve ry com p lex and th e re sistance is ac2 11 . p le s in p ro v ince s o f C h inaE ach rep re sen ted an indep en2 1 23 . qu ired m o re ea sily Co libac illo sis cau sed by st ra in s w h ich . den t iso la te com ing f rom a d iffe ren t f lo ckT h e p a t te rn s o f re2 2h ave m u lt ire sistance and h igh leve l o f M IC h a s a lready be2 sistance sp ec t rum show ed th a t th e st ra in s f rom th e sam e a rea , com e an im po r tan t and to ugh p ro b lem and it h a s m ade , w e re d iffe ren tco nf irm ing th a t th ey w e re indep enden t iso 2 . , t rem endo u s lo se in fa rm sF u r th e rm o reth e re sistan t .la te s p a tho gen s f rom an im a l no t o n ly h ave been do ing h a rm fu l in 112 An t ib io t ic s d isk s T h e fo llow ing an t ib io t ic s slip s w e re , ve te r ina ry c lin icbu t a lso it m ak s a lo t o f po ten t ia l dange r to p u rch a sed f rom B e ijing T ian tan d rug b io tech no lo gy com p a2 . , m ed ic ine c lin icFo r exam p leth e re sistan t zoo no sis p a tho gen ( ) ( ) : , , nyT e t racyc line T C Gen tam yc in GM C h lo rom yce t in , d issem ina te s d irec t ly f rom an im a l to h um an be ingo r re sis2 () () () , , , CM P A m ino benzy lp en ic illin AM P R ifam yc in RA tan t gene m igh t be t ran sfe r red du r ing an im a l foo d p rap a r ing ( ) ( ) ( ) , , , Kanam yc in KM F u ran to in F T S t rep tom yc in SM 4 25 . , and t ran spo r tT h e refo reit is ve ry im po r tan t to e stab2 ().C ip ro f lo xac in C IP lish re sistance m o n ito r ing sy stem in ve te r ina ry c lin ic in o rde r 113 Suscep t ib il ity te st Su scep t ib ility te st w a s m ea su red by to in st ruc t an t ib io t ic u se fo r t rea tm en t and p recau sio n bo th in 2. K irbyB aue r m e tho dT e st st ra in s w e re p re incuba ted in a M H . 2000 2003, 393 ve te r ina ry and m ed ic ine c lin icF rom to 35? b ro th a t to an op t ica l den sity th a t w a s equa l to th a t o f a. st ra in s o f Ecol i w e re th u s co llec ted f rom an im a l c lin ica l 015 . M cF a r land tu rb id ity standa rdT h is su sp en sio n w a s th en . sam p le sT h e p re sen t study w a s unde r tak en to inve st iga te th e u sed to ino cu la te o n M H aga r p la te s by sw abb ing th em w ith a , re sistan t sp ec t rum m ak e th e re sistance ana ly sis and eva lua te . co t to n sw abT h e d isk s th a t co n ta ined d rug s w e re p laced o n . .th e p a tho gen ic ity o f an im a l Ecol i st ra in s in C h ina . 18 M H aga r p la te sC u ltu re p la te s w e re incuba ted fo r h a t 35?. S tanda rd o f an t ib io t ic su scep t ib ility te st adop ted th e ( 2standa rd o f an t ib io t ic su scep t ib ility te st K irbyB aue r Rece ived da te: 2004209215 ) , ′m e tho dissued by M in ist ry o f h ea lth th e P eop les R ep ub lic ( ): 30170698Foun da t ion itemsuppo r ted by N SFC ()2000, .o f C h ina to p rac t ice ) ( : 22 , , , .1968B iographyL E I L ianch eng m a lev ice p ro fe sso rdo c to r ? 1994-2013 China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House. All rights reserved. ( ) ( ) ( ) 114 2186% , 76184% , 74181% , 77Pa thogen ic ity te st T h ir tyn ine st ra in s re sistan t to sev2 SM C IP GM AM P ( ) ( ) ( )en k ind o f d rug s w e re se lec ted random ly to de tec t th e 57176% , 47133% , 46182% . 1 KM F T T ab le show ed (: 18220 , p a tho gen ic ity to Kunm ing m ice BW gfem a le and 9 th e re sistance co r re la t io n o f st ra in s to k ind s o f d rug s u sed ). . 2, m a le a re each h a lf Kunm ing m ice w e re in jec ted in t rap e r i2 in th is studyF rom th e tab le th e re la t io n sh ip be tw een tw o 8 - 1 - 1 . k ind s o f an t ib io t ic s w a s fo undT h e num be r in th e row to nea lly w ith 110×10C FU ?012 mL ?m o u seo f E. col i () show ed th e re sistance p ropo r t io n to o th e r d rug s o f st ra in s 2? 3718 st ra in s cu ltu red in L u r iaB e r tan i L B b ro th a t fo r . , th a t re sistan t to a k ind o f d rugFo r exam p lein th e f ir st . .hFo u r m ice w e re ino cu la ted w ith each st ra in th e sam e t im e , . row th e re sistance ra te s o f Ecol i st ra in s w h ich w e re re sis2 . M ice ino cu la ted w ith L B b ro th w e re co n t ro lsT h e m ice su r2 () () () , 38% , 52% , 89% ,tan t to T C w e re GM CM P AM P 72 , v iv ing w ith in h af te r infec t io n w e re sac r if icedand th en () () () () 63% RA , 45% KM , 29% F T , 92% SM and 65% . . th e Ecol i st ra in s w e re iso la ted f rom th e sp leenT h e st ra in (). C IP T h e num be r in th e line p re sen ted th e re la t io n sh ip o f th a t iso la ted f rom m ice w a s cu ltu red in L B b ro th a t 37? fo r . a re sistance ra te to a k ind o f d rug w ith th a t o f o th e r d rug s18 , h and th en Kunm ing m ice w e re in jec ted in t rap e r ito nea lly 7 - 1 , , Fo r exam p lein th e seco nd lineth e num be r s m ean t th e re2 10 × 10?2, C FU m o u seaga in 2 w ith un t ill th ree gene ra6 , sistance ra te s o f st ra in s re sistan t to GM th e re sistan t ra te .t io n , 38% , re stan t to T C th e num be r w a s and th a t to AM P w a s 39%. 1 393 . F ig show ed th e re sistance typ e o f an im a l Ecol i 2 R e su lt s . st ra in sT h e iso la te s can be c la ssif ied in to e igh t c la sse s ac2 211 T h e d rug re2 D rug suscep t ib il ity of bac ter ia l iso la te s . co rd ing to th e num be r o f re sistance k ind s o f d rug sT h e m o st sisitan t ra te s o f 393 E. col i iso la te s w e re d iffe ren t, th e h igh e st 9% , 2, is th e lea st is bu t th e st ra in s th a t w e re re sistan t to . , is th a t o f T EF rom h igh to low th e sequence o f re sistance 80 .seven k ind s o f d rug s w e re m o re th an p e rcen t ( ) ( ) ( ) 93189% ,92111% , 78163% ,ra te s w a s T C RA CM P T ab le 1 T h e re la t io n o f re sistance o f c lin ica lly iso la ted E. col i st ra in s D rug s T C GM CM P AM P RA KM F T SM C IP m in im um 100 38 52 89 63 45 29 92 75 29 T C GM 97 100 85 91 79 74 26 91 65 26 CM P 96 54 100 91 83 61 17 96 65 17 AM P 97 39 53 100 59 47 30 96 76 30 98 43 68 84 100 50 13 95 46 13 RA KM 98 63 70 93 70 100 33 98 65 33 100 27 77 92 85 38 100 96 83 27 F T 99 39 68 93 82 48 35 100 63 35 SM C IP 98 40 86 91 76 45 40 91 100 40 m in im um 96 27 52 84 59 38 13 91 46 t ry o r ig in to T C , CM P , SM and C IP w e re h igh e r rem a rk ab ly . 3 th an th a t o f sw ine o r ig inT ab le show ed th e ch ange s o f re2 . sistance ra te in d iffe ren t t im eT h e f requency o f re sistance in2 2000 67133% 90158% c rea sed f rom to fo r to 2003, f rom , 71129% 84181% , 73176% 80110% CM P to fo r AM P to fo r 61188% 88148% . SM and to fo r C IPW h ile th e re sistance 61139% 53192%.ra te o f GM dec rea sed f rom to T ab le 2 R e sistance ra te s o f c lin ica l E. col i st ra in s o f sw ine % and po u lt ry o r ig in s sw ine o r ig in s po u lt ry o r ig in s D rug s ( )( )174 165 st ra in s st ra in s 90131 190 98T C 64161 49180 GM E. F ig 1 T h e re sistan t p ropo t io n and typ e s o f c lin ica lly iso la ted 62191 94176 CM P col i st ra in s 83173 71162 AM P 93120 91165 RA 212 The re s istan ce spec trum of E. co l i stra in s T ab le 2 57191 36161 KM show ed som e d iffe rence be tw een th e sp ec t rum o f sw ine o r ig in 45173 43166 F T . and th a t o f po u lt ry o r ig inT h e re sistance ra te s o f st ra in s o f 72157 80131 SM , sw ine o r ig in to GM AM P and KM w e re h igh e r th an th a t o f 68148 79141 C IP , po u lt ry o r ig in W h ile th e re sistance ra te s o f st ra in s o f po u l2 T ab le 3 D rug re sistance ra te s o f E. col i st ra in s in d iffe ren t t im e Yea r T C GM CM P AM P RA KM F T SM C IP ( )92157 61139 67133 71129 93107 48102 45154 73176 61188 2000 202 st ra in s ( ) 2003 191 s t ra in s93176 53192 90158 84181 91109 46160 48117 80110 88148 213 2E. co l i stra in s The pa thogen ic ity of T h ir tyseven T h e p a tho gen ic ity to m ice o f d rug re sistan t w ild st ra in s . ( ) d id no t dec lineE xp e r im en ta l re sistan t st ra in s o f ten lo st 95 st ra in s u sed in th e study p e rcen t co u ld m ak e a ll th e , : som e o r fu ll v iru lenceso it im p lied a p ro b lem do w ild re sis2 72 Kunm ing m ice d ie w ith in h af te r in jec ted w ith th e cu ltu re s 7 - 1 ) ( ? 210 × 10?. , tan t st ra in s st ill re sto re v iru lence p a r t ly o r fu llyT h is study C FU m o u seo f Ecol i st ra in s re sp ec t ive lyand h a s co nf irm ed th a t m o st w ild re sistan t st ra in s st ill h ave fu ll o th e r s co u ld re sto re v iru lence af te r p a ssage s o f m ice th ree , v iru lenceo n ly a few o f re sistan t st ra in s m a in ta in p a r t ly v iru2 . t im e s in v iv oT h e p a tho gen ic ity to m ice o f d rug re sis2 tan t w 2. . , lenceA f te r av iru len tre sistan t m u tan t s in Sty p h im u r ium ild st ra in s acqu ired na tu ra ly d id no t dec lineand th e 2can rap id ly accum u la te va r io u s typ e s o f com p en sa to ry m u ta2 st ra in s go t h igh leve l d rug re sistance w itho u t lo ss o f v iru2 t io n s th a t p a r t ly o r fu lly re sto re v iru lence and g row th ra te .lence 2. . w itho u t affec t ing th e h igh leve l re sistanceEcol i st ra in3 D is scu s s io n . m igh t h ave th e sam e m ech an ismT h e se re sistan t bac te r ia . m ay sp read f rom an im a ls to h um an s v ia th e foo d ch a inT h ey T h e u se o f d rug s h a s been fo llow ed by an app a ren t in2 2m ay a lso t ran sfe r th e ir an t ib io t icre sistance gene s in to h um an . c rea se o f an t ib io t ic re sistance in Ecol i an im a l c lin ica l iso 2 , p a tho gen ic bac te r ialead ing to fa ilu re o f an t ib io t ic t rea tm en t . , , la te sF u r th e rm o rew ith th e t im e p a stth e re sistance sp ec2 6 2, , .th rea ten ingh um an co nd it io n s fo r som epo ssib ly life, t rum becom e s b ro ade r and b ro ade rand th e re sistance leve l . becom e s h igh e r and h igh e rBo th th e sw ine o r ig in and po u l2 Ref eren ce s: t ry o r ig in s becam e in to re sistan t agen t s ea sily to d rug s f re2 1 Ew e r s C , J an ssen T , W ie le r L H. A v ian p a tho gen ic E sch er ich ia , , , , . quen t ly u sedsuch a s T C CM P AM P SM and C IPCom 2 () [. , 2003, 116 col i A P EC J B e r l M unch T ie ra rzt l W o ch en sch r2000 2003, p a red th e re sistace ra te o f w ith th a t o f th e re sis2 ( ) 9210: 3812395. . tance ra te inc rea sed app a ren t lyT h e re sistance to GM w en t L eh n N , S tow e r2H o ffm an J , Ko t t T , et a l. C h a rac te r iza t io n o f 2 61139% 53192%. dow n f rom to D rug s abu sed p ro duce m o re c lin ica l iso la te s o f E sch er ich ia col i show ing h igh leve ls o f f luo 2 , , re sistan t bac te r ium o n th e o th e r h andd isea se infec ted w ith 2605.[. , 1996, 34: 597ro qu ino lo ne re sistance J J C lin M ic ro b io l re sistan t st ra in s m igh t re su lt in abu se d rug s and d rug s opp re2 , . A ca r J F Go ld ste in F W T rend s in bac te r ia l re sistance to f luo 2 3 . () sio n im p ro ved to p ro duce m o re re sistan t agen t s aga inSo a 273.[. , 1997, 24 1: 67ro qu ino lo ne s J C lin Infec t D isSupp l . W a llm ann J , Sch ro te r K , W ie le r L H , et a l. N a t io na l an t ib io t ic 4 vac io u s cyc le em e rgedT h u s augm en ta t io n o f an t ib io t ic s do se 2 re sistance m o n ito r ing in ve te r ina ry p a tho gen s f rom sick foo dand p re lo ng ing t rea tm en t t im e do no t so lve re sistance infec2 : p ro duc ing an im a lsth e Ge rm an p ro g ramm e and re su lt s f rom . , t io nIn o rde r to co n t ro l sp read o f re sistancere sistance 2001 [ . , 2003, 22th e p ilo t study J In t J A n t im ic ro b A gen t s , m o n ito r ing m u st be e stab listh ed in ve te r ina ry c lin icand a ( ) 4: 4202428. p ruden t u se o r th e rap eu t ic a lte rna t ive s and re st r ic t io n o f an2 Sa lisbu ry J G, N icho lls T J , L amm e rd ing A M , et a l. A r isk 5 .t ib io t ic s is nece ssa ry fo r ra t io na l u se o f an t ib io t ic s 2ana ly sis f ram ew o rk fo r th e lo ngte rm m anagem en t o f an t ib io t ic T h is f ind ing a lso sugge sted th e po ssib ility o f co re la t io n 2[ . re sistance in foo dp ro duc ing an im a ls J In t J A n t im ic ro b A 2 , . in som e d rug re sistanceexcep t th e sam e k ind o f d rugFo r ( ) 2164., 2002, 20 3: 153gen t s , , 2exam p lef rom a lineth e p ropo t io n o f c ip ro f lo xac inre sistan t , , . 2Jo h anna B D ia rm a id H D an IV iru lence o f an t ib io t icre sistan t 6 246% , st ra in s in r ifam yc inre sistan t st ra in s is o n ly low e r th an ( ) [. , 1998, 95 7: 3 9492S a lm onel la ty p h im u r ium J M ic ro b io lo gy . th e o th e r s app a ren t lyT h is m igh t re la te w ith som e re sistan t 3 953. .m ech an ism 动物源性大肠杆菌药物敏感性检测及耐药性分析 1 2 1 3 3 (雷连成, 郑 丹, 韩文瑜, 吉风涛, 徐卫东1. 吉林大学 畜牧兽医学院, 吉林 长春 130062; )2. 长春市二道区妇帅保健站, 吉林 长春 130051; 3. 吉林省兽医研究所, 吉林 长春 130062 摘要: 用 2000, 2003 年自兽医临床分离的 393 株大肠杆菌, 对 9 种常用抗生素的敏感性进行了检测。依据菌株采集时 间、菌株来源对菌株耐药性的变化及耐药性产生之间的相关性进行了较全面的统计分析, 并随机选出 39 株典型的多 重耐药菌株观察了对小鼠的致病性。 结果显示, 393 株分离菌对四环素、庆大霉素、氯霉素、氨苄青霉素、利福帄、卡那 霉素、呋喃妥因、链霉素和环丙沙星的耐药率分别为 93189% , 57176% , 78163% , 77186% , 92111% , 47133% , 46182% , ? 1994-2013 China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House. All rights reserved. 76184% , 74181% ; 按照耐药种类可将分离菌株分为 8 类, 最多耐药 9 种, 最少耐药 2 种, 约 80% 以上的菌株耐受 7 种 所试药物。猪源大肠杆菌对庆大霉素、氨苄青霉素、卡那霉素的耐药率高, 而鸡源大肠杆菌对四环素、氯霉素、链霉素和 环 丙沙星的耐药率显著高于猪源大肠杆菌。 2000 年和 2003 年分离菌株的耐药率相比, 氯霉素从 67133% 上升到 90158% , 氨苄青霉素从 71129% 上升到 84181% , 链霉素从 73176% 上升到 80110% , 环丙沙星从 61188% 上升到7 (() 88148% , 庆大霉素却从 61139% 下降到 53192% 。95% 的菌株 3739可直接在 72 内致死感染小鼠 210×10ƒh C FU - 1 ) ?鼠。5% 不能直接致死小鼠的菌株经小鼠体内 2, 3 次传代, 可直接致死感染小鼠。试验明, 兽医临床分离菌株 普遍存在多重耐药性, 并随分离时间、寄主种类等耐药率出现动态变化, 耐药类型间具有一定的相关性。耐药菌株对小 鼠仍具有很强的致病性, 少数菌株致病性出现暂时减弱, 但在体内几次传代即可恢复。 关键词: 大肠杆菌; 药物敏感性; 致病性; 耐药性 () 中图分类号: 8521612 文献标识码: 文章编号: 100524545 20050520470204 SA 收稿日期: 2004209210 ( ) 基金项目: 国家自然科学基金资助项目 30170698 ( ) 作者简介: 雷连成 19682 , 男, 副教授, 博士。 中华人民共和国农业部第 53 号令公布动物病原微生物分类名录 2005 年 5 月 24 日, 中华人民共和国农业部部长杜青林签署第 53 号令, 发布《动物病原微生物分类名录》。 根据《病原微生物实验室生物条例》第七条、第八条的, 对动物病原微生物分类如下: 一、一类动物病原微生物 口蹄疫病毒、高致病性禽流感病毒、猪水泡病病毒、非洲猪瘟病毒、非洲马瘟病毒、牛瘟病毒、小反刍兽疫病毒、牛传染性胸 膜肺炎丝状支原体、牛海绵状脑病病原、痒病病原。 二、二类动物病原微生物 猪瘟病毒、鸡新城疫病毒、狂犬病病毒、绵羊痘山羊痘病毒、蓝舌病病毒、兔病毒性出血症病毒、炭ƒ 疽芽孢杆菌、布氏杆菌。 三、三类动物病原微生物 多种动物共患病病原微生物: 低致病性流感病毒、伪狂犬病病毒、破伤风梭菌、气肿疽梭菌、结核分支杆菌、副结核分支杆 菌、致病性大肠杆菌、沙门氏菌、巴氏杆菌、致病性链球菌、李氏杆菌、产气荚膜梭菌、嗜水气单胞菌、肉毒梭状芽孢杆菌、腐败梭 菌和其他致病性梭菌、鹦鹉热衣原体、放线菌、钩端螺旋体。 牛病病原微生物: 牛恶性卡他热病毒、牛白血病病毒、牛流行热病毒、牛传染性鼻气管炎病毒、牛病毒腹泻粘膜病病毒、牛 ƒ生殖器弯曲杆菌、日本血吸虫。 绵羊和山羊病病原微生物: 山羊关节炎脑脊髓炎病毒、梅迪维斯纳病病毒、传染性脓疱皮炎病毒。ƒƒ 猪病病原微生物: 日本脑炎病毒、猪繁殖与呼吸综合症病毒、猪细小病毒、猪圆环病毒、猪流行性腹泻病毒、猪传染性胃肠炎 病毒、猪丹毒杆菌、猪支气管败血波氏杆菌、猪胸膜肺炎放线杆菌、副猪嗜血杆菌、猪肺炎支原体、猪密螺旋体。 马病病原微生物: 马传染性贫血病毒、马动脉炎病毒、马病毒性流产病毒、马鼻炎病毒、鼻疽假单胞菌、类鼻疽假单胞菌、假 皮疽组织胞浆菌、溃疡性淋巴管炎假结核棒状杆菌。 禽病病原微生物: 鸭瘟病毒、鸭病毒性肝炎病毒、小鹅瘟病毒、鸡传染性法氏囊病病毒、鸡马立克氏病病毒、禽白血病ƒ肉瘤 病毒、禽网状内皮组织增殖病病毒、鸡传染性贫血病毒、鸡传染性喉气管炎病毒、鸡传染性支气管炎病毒、鸡减蛋综合征病毒、禽 痘病毒、鸡病毒性关节炎病毒、禽传染性脑脊髓炎病毒、副鸡嗜血杆菌、鸡毒支原体、鸡球虫。 兔病病原微生物: 兔粘液瘤病病毒、野兔热土拉杆菌、兔支气管败血波氏杆菌、兔球虫。 水生动物病病原微生物: 流行性造血器官坏死病毒、传染性造血器官坏死病毒、马苏大麻哈鱼病毒、病毒性出血性败血症病 毒、锦鲤疱疹病毒、斑点叉尾 病毒、病毒性脑病和视网膜病毒、传染性胰脏坏死病毒、真鲷虹彩病毒、白鲟虹彩病毒、中肠腺坏 死杆状病毒、传染性皮下和造血器官坏死病毒、核多角体杆状病毒、虾产卵死亡综合症病毒、鳖鳃腺炎病毒、综合症病毒、 T au ra 对虾白斑综合症病毒、黄头病病毒、草鱼出血病毒、鲤春病毒血症病毒、鲍球形病毒、鲑鱼传染性贫血病毒。 蜜蜂病病原微生物: 美洲帅虫腐臭病帅虫杆菌、欧洲帅虫腐臭病蜂房蜜蜂球菌、白垩病蜂球囊菌、蜜蜂微孢子虫、跗腺螨、雅 氏大蜂螨。 其他动物病病原微生物: 犬瘟热病毒、犬细小病毒、犬腺病毒、犬冠状病毒、犬副流感病毒、猫泛白细胞减少综合症病毒、水 貂阿留申病病毒、水貂病毒性肠炎病毒。 四、四类动物病原微生物 是指危险性小、低致病力、实验室感染机会少的兽用生物制品、疫苗生产用的各种弱毒病原微生 物以及不属于第一、二、三 类的各种低毒力的病原微生物。 () 郭志儒摘自: 中国农业信息网 ƒƒƒƒƒ: . . . 20050624 400534. h t tpwwwag r igo vcn b lggb lth tm