青少年肥胖

主持人： 欢迎大家来我们的节目！孩子们在自己的成长过程中要面临很多挑战：要学习怎样交朋友并维持友谊，要完成作业。然而现在的孩子们正面临着一个日益严重的巨大问题，把他们一生的健康状况置于危险之中，这个问题就是儿童肥胖症。 Welcome to our show! Face a lot of challenges as children grow up: Learning how to make and keep friends get homework done. But children today are now confronting a growing oversized problem that puts them at risk for a host of lifelong medical conditions. That problem is childhood obesity. 世界各地的肥胖已达到日益流行的地步，尤其是在儿童和青少年中。事实上，据预测，由于肥胖流行病，今天出生的孩子将比其父母，祖父母的寿命更短。 Obesity has reached epidemic proportions around the world especially in children and adolescents. In fact, it is projected that children born today will live shorter lives than their parents and grandparents because of the obesity epidemic. 那么在今天的节目时间当中，我们将围绕儿童过度肥胖展开对话。现在让我们用掌声请出我们今天的嘉宾，来自多伦多大学儿科学系副教授的吉尔·汉密尔顿女士。首先我们请汉密尔顿女士跟大家介绍一个青少年过度肥胖问题。 So, today our topic is obesity among youth. Now, let’s welcome our distinguished guest, Associate Professor of Department of Pediatrics in University of Toronto, Jill Hamilton. First, would you like to introduce the obesity among youth? 女士： Obesity among children and teens has become a leading public health concern worldwide. In America alone, rates of obesity skyrocketed over the course of a few decades primarily. Specifically, the prevalence of obesity among children and teens more than tripled; Obesity rates have nearly tripled among youth over the past 3 decades. Today about 1 in 3 children and teens in the U.S. is considered overweight or obese. 青少年中的肥胖问题已成为一个全球性首要的公共健康问题。仅在美国，肥胖率在几十年中扶摇直上。具体而言，儿童和青少年中的肥胖患病率增加了两倍多；青年人的肥胖率几乎是过去三十年的三倍。现在在美国，几乎每三个儿童和青少年里就有一个被认为是超重或者肥胖。 主持人： 儿童肥胖是一个严重的问题，迫切需要关注。肥胖的儿童和青少年可能还要和社会歧视，自尊心不足和抑郁症作斗争。他们很可能成为肥胖的成年人，并且要面对没完没了的麻烦。那您觉得，儿童体重超重的主要原因及危害是什么呢？ Yes. Childhood obesity is a serious issue that requires urgent attention. Obese children and teens may also struggle with social discrimination low self-esteem and depression. They are more likely to become obese adults and face continuing troubles. Do you think what are the major causes and effects of childhood obesity? 女士： The main causes of excess weight in childhood are similar to those in adults. Obesity has a strong genetic component and our in-the-car computer-bound food-everywhere society contributes to the problem for an increasing number of people of all ages. 儿童超重的主要原因和成年人相似。肥胖症有很强的遗传因素， 而且现今社会，长时间待在车里、坐在电脑前，以及到处是食物，也造成了各个年龄段的肥胖人数不断增多的问题。 Type 2 diabetes, a disease once limited to the adult population. In fact, it was once referred to as adult-onset diabetes, but now it is on the rise among children and teens. Excess weight boosts the chances of developing heart disease liver disease and several types of cancer. Other conditions linked to obesity—such as high blood pressure and high blood cholesterol—are increasingly diagnosed during childhood. 2型糖尿病，这种疾病以前只限于成年人群。事实上，它曾一度被称为成年发病型糖尿病，而目前在儿童和青少年中呈上升趋势。 超出的体重会增加患心脏病、肝病以及一些癌症的几率。在越来越多的儿童中被诊断出其它和肥胖关联的症状-比如高血压和高血脂。 主持人： 好消息是，我们还是可以通过给孩子创造一个鼓励他健康饮食和体育锻炼的环境，来抵消这些不好的影响。我们共同努力就可以带改变这一趋势。在和肥胖进行斗争中，什么是最有效的策略呢？ The good news is that, we still can help to counteract these influences by creating an environment for your child that encourages healthy eating and physical activity. We， together, can bring about change. What is the best strategy in the fight against obesity? 女士： Prevention is the key way and it is most effective to begin doing so early on. Research reveals that the path to obesity often begins as early as infancy and toddlerhood; Lifestyle habits developed during childhood tend to persist long-term. Thus, it is critical that the development of healthy lifestyle habits start when children are very young. 预防是关键，也是最有效的方法，及早开始这么做。研究显示，肥胖之路往往早在婴儿期和学步期就开始。儿童时期养成的生活方式习惯往往长期保持下去。因此，在孩子们都还非常小的时候就开始养成健康的生活习惯是非常重要的。 主持人： 相信大家已经对儿童及青少年过度肥胖问题有了更深的了解。非常感谢你在百忙当中到来以及您精彩的介绍！ I’m sure that now we have had a deeper understanding to obesity among children and teens. Thank you very much Ms. Hilton and your wonderful introduction in the midst! 计图显示了世界各国成年人的平均“体重指数”（BMI），有些结果出人意料。