孕期接触高污染易使婴儿患自闭症

海量资料下载 免费学习英语 www.englishvip.com/xinlw.htm （申请网址） Women in the U.S. exposed to high levels of air pollution while pregnant were up to twice as likely to have a child with autism（孤独症） as women who lived in areas with low pollution, according to a new study from Harvard School of Public Health (HSPH). It is the first large national study to examine links between autism and air pollution across the U.S. "Our findings raise concerns since, depending on the pollutant, 20% to 60% of the women in our study lived in areas where risk of autism was elevated," said lead author Andrea Roberts, research associate in the HSPH Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences.   The study appeared online June 18, 2013 in Environmental Health Perspectives.   Exposure to diesel particulates, lead, manganese, mercury, methylene chloride and other pollutants are known to affect brain function and to affect the developing baby. Two previous studies found associations between exposure to air pollution during pregnancy and autism in children, but those studies looked at data in just three locations in the U.S.   The researchers examined data from Nurses' Health Study II, a long-term study based at Brigham and Women's Hospital involving 116,430 nurses that began in 1989. Among that group, the authors studied 325 women who had a child with autism and 22,000 women who had a child without the disorder. They looked at associations between autism and levels of pollutants at the time and place of birth. They used air pollution data from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to estimate women's exposure to pollutants while pregnant. They also adjusted for the influence of factors such as income, education, and smoking during pregnancy.   The results showed that women who lived in the 20% of locations with the highest levels ofdiesel（柴油） particulates or mercury in the air were twice as likely to have a child with autism as those who lived in the 20% of areas with the lowest levels.   Other types of air pollution -- lead, manganese, methylene chloride, and combined metal exposure -- were associated with higher autism risk as well. Women who lived in the 20% of locations with the highest levels of these pollutants were about 50% more likely to have a child with autism than those who lived in the 20% of areas with the lowest concentrations.   Most pollutants were associated with autism more strongly in boys than girls. However, since there were few girls with autism in the study, the authors said this finding should be examined further.   Senior author Marc Weisskopf, associate professor of environmental and occupational epidemiology at HSPH, said, "Our results suggest that new studies should begin the process of measuring metals and other pollutants in the blood of pregnant women or newborn children to provide stronger evidence that specific pollutants increase risk of autism. A better understanding of this can help to develop interventions to reduce pregnant women's exposure to these pollutants." 暴露于高浓度的空气污染，而女性在美国怀孕了两倍，可能有一个孩子生活在低污染地区妇女与自闭症（孤独症），根据一项新的研究由哈佛大学公共卫生（HSPH）。，这是第一个全国性大型研究，以探讨美国各地的自闭症和空气污染之间的联系，“我们的发现引起关注，因为这取决于污染物，20％至60％的妇女在我们的研究中住在地方自闭症的风险升高，说：“主要作者安德烈·罗伯茨，在哈佛大学公共卫生学院社会与行为科学系副研究员。   该研究发表在网上6月18日，2013年“环境与健康展​​望。   暴露于柴油微粒，铅，锰，汞，二氯甲烷和其他污染物，被称为影响大脑功能，影响发育中的胎儿。两个以前的研究发现，暴露在怀孕期间和儿童孤独症的空气污染之间的关联，但看着这些研究数据在短短的三个地点在美国   研究人员检查了从护士健康研究II，布里格姆和妇女医院，涉及116,430名护士，在1989年开始的一项长期研究的基础数据。在这一群体中，作者研究了325名妇女，有个孩子有自闭症和22,000名妇女有一个孩子没有障碍。看着他们出生的时间和地点自闭症和污染物水平之间的关联。他们用从美国环境保护署估计妇女在怀孕期间接触污染物的空气污染数据。他们还调整的影响因素，如收入，教育，以及在怀孕期间吸烟。   结果表明，妇女谁住在20％的位置，最高水平的柴油（柴油）在空气中的微粒或汞的两倍，可能有一个患有自闭症的孩子，那些谁住在20％的地区最低水平。   其他类型的空气污染 - 铅，锰，二氯甲烷，并结合金属接触 - 与自闭症风险较高以及相关的。谁住在这些污染物的最高水平的20％位置的妇女约有50％更可能有一个患有自闭症的孩子比那些谁住在20％的地区的最低浓度。   大部分污染物均与自闭症男生比女生更强烈。然而，由于有几个女孩患有自闭症的研究，作者说，这一发现应进一步审查。   资深作者，哈佛大学公共卫生学院副教授，环境和职业流行病学Marc韦斯科普夫的说，“我们的研究结果表明，新的研究应开始测量金属及其他污染物的过程中，血液中的孕妇或新生儿提供更有力的证据，特定污染物自闭症的风险增加。更好地理解这一点，可以帮助制定干预，以减少孕妇接触这些污染物。“ “成千上万人疯狂下载。。。。。。 更多价值连城的绝密英语学习资料， 洛基内部秘密英语，技巧，策略 请在 网上 申请报名” 洛基国际英语 竭诚为您服务