什麼是8D

nullTEAM ORIENTED PROBLEM SOLVING (經由團隊解決問題的) 8 Discipline in Problem Solving (8D) TEAM ORIENTED PROBLEM SOLVING (經由團隊解決問題的方法) 8 Discipline in Problem Solving (8D) Arthur Shiao June 2002 null8D Team Oriented Problem Solving The Eight Discipline Approach (8D) 原自福特汽車 , 乃用來關心及解決能力 指標 低於期望標準 之方法. The method addresses concerns those capability indices that are below desired values 8Dnull8D 以團隊共識為導向 (Team-Work) 實事求是, 減少個人偏見 經由分工合作建立創新,永久的問題處理方法 Provides and orderly team-oriented method for solving problems using facts rather than personal bias. Creative, permanent solutions usually require input from many activities.null Define/Verify Root Causes 確認根本原因 Identify Potential Causes 鑑定潛在原因 Select Likely Causes 選擇可能的原因 Is the Potential Cause a Root Cause? 某一潛在原因 = 根本原因? Identify Alternative Solutions 鑑定可能的解決方法Choose/Verify C/A’s 選擇確認矯正Implement Permanent C/A's 建立永久矯正措施Prevent Recurrence 再發防止Congratulate Your TeamD1D2D3D4D5D6D8D78Dnull8DD 1 Use Team Approach: 問題處理成員 D 2 Describe the Problem: 問題描述 D 3 Implement and Verify Interim (Containment) Actions: 緊急防制措施 D 4 Define and Verify Root Causes: 確認根本原因 D 5 Choose and Verify Corrective Actions: 選擇/確認矯正措施 D 6 Implement Permanent Corrective Actions: 確認並建立永久矯正措施 D 7 Prevent Recurrence: 再發防止 D 8 Congratulate Your Team: 感激處理成員的努力　nullD0. Prepare for the Global “8D” Process8D客訴範例 Hold finished goods world wide - lot code / date code Shipment history for identified lot code Pull physical samples if available Review Traveler Review test summarynullD1. Use Team Approach Identify team leader Identify sponsor Team members Identify who prepare the paper 8D Establish a small group of people with the process/product knowledge, allocated time, authority, and skill in the required technical disciplines to solve the problem and implement corrective actions. The group must have a designated champion.8DnullD2. Describe the Problem 量化描述問題 -- Specify the internal/external customer problem by identifying in quantifiable terms the who, what, when, where, why, how, how many (5W2H) for the problem. 有共識的問題描述-- Problem is described in terms that have same meaning to everyone. 避免僅只於表徵式的描述問題. -- Problem description is not a “symptom” 8DnullD3. Implement and Verify Interim (Containment) Actions 緊急防制措施 暫時的封鎖性措施 -- Define and implement containment actions to isolate the effect of problem from any internal /external customer until corrective action is implemented. 確認措施的有效性 -- Verify effectiveness of the containment action.8DnullD4. Define and Verify Root Causes 鑑定所有潛在原因 -- Identify all potential causes which could explain why the problem occurred. 由量化的問題描述及模擬, 篩選出可能的潛在原因 : Root Cause根本原因!? 鑑定可能的解決方法 -- Identify alternative corrective actions to eliminate root cause.8DnullD5. Choose and Verify Corrective Actions 選擇確認矯正措施 針對根本原因(Root Cause)進行矯正措施 -- What actions to correct root cause, who will do actions, when it will be completed 要能證明矯正措施有效 -- Evidenced that action will resolve problem at root cause 掌握可能帶出的問題並加以控制 -- Define contingency actions, if necessary, based on risk assessment8DnullD6. Implement Permanent Corrective Actions 確認並建立永久矯正措施 Define and implement the best permanent corrective actions. Choose on-going controls to ensure the root cause is eliminated. Validation of effectiveness of the fix - “if you cannot prove the problem is fixed you cannot say it is fixed.”8DnullD7. Prevent Recurrence 再發防止 Modify the management systems, operating systems, practices and procedures to prevent recurrence of this and all similar problems. Standardize these changes. 8DnullD8. Congratulate your team 感激成員的努力與成果 Recognize the collective efforts of the team.8Dnull These steps do not have to be followed in order given. They can vary with each problem. For example, by the time a problem is reported and a team formed, the interim action may have been taken by the foreman or operator.8DnullThank You 感謝這個機會8D