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人民币取代美元尚需时日

2009-08-19 2页 doc 28KB 17阅读

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人民币取代美元尚需时日when it comes to getting the world to stop thinking only in dollar terms, Beijing is trying to do more than just talk the talk. It will be while before the U.S. Treasury needs to be concerned, though. Since December, China's central bank has signed bilateral cur...
人民币取代美元尚需时日
when it comes to getting the world to stop thinking only in dollar terms, Beijing is trying to do more than just talk the talk. It will be while before the U.S. Treasury needs to be concerned, though. Since December, China's central bank has signed bilateral currency-swap agreements with six countries, worth $650 billion in total. Lately, those deals have gone beyond the country's Asian neighbors to include Belarus this month and Argentina this week. Talks are underway with other countries as well. The aim here is to lay a foundation for the yuan to become more widely used in global trade. The idea behind the swaps themselves is to provide central banks with yuan to inject into their own financial systems. Firms importing goods from China can then pay for them with yuan borrowed from domestic banks. This also reduces Chinese firms' transaction costs. Great in theory. But China has more to do to make these swaps practically useful, rather than just political gestures of goodwill. Chinese exporters can't submit invoices in yuan today. Rather, they still have to be paid in dollars, mostly, or some other currency. Trials taking place now allowing Hong Kong firms to settle import contracts from China in yuan could be extended to other countries, eventually. This will all take time. Meanwhile, most of the countries that have entered swap agreements with China haven't used them yet. The yuan they receive has little use to them outside of trade finance anyway, because it can't be traded outside China. So a country like Argentina couldn't sell the Chinese currency to defend its own currency, a normal use for a country's foreign-exchange reserves, although the swaps could free up dollars for that purpose. The Chinese are nothing if not patient. But this is one project that is going to take time to bear fruit. (TopSage.com) 为了推动世界不再只以美元进行思考,中国决定停止纸上谈兵,尝试付诸行动。 中国已经与6个国家签订了双边货币互换不过,要让美国财政部对此感到担心,还需要一定时日。 自去年12月以来,中国央行已经与六个国家签订了总价值6,500亿元人民币的双边货币互换协议。最近此类协议的覆盖范围已经超越了中国的亚洲邻国,本月加入了白俄罗斯,本周又新增了阿根廷。与其他国家的相关谈判也正在进行中。 中国的目标是为全球贸易中更广泛地使用人民币打下扎实基础。 互换协议背后的想法是向各国央行提供人民币,使之注入到这些国家的金融体系中。那些从中国进口商品的公司随后就可以从本国银行借人民币用于贸易支付。这也会降低中国公司的交易成本。 想法是不错。但要使这些互换协议实际发挥作用,中国还必须采取更多举措,仅有善意的政治姿态是不够的。 中国出口商目前还不能开具人民币发票。从中国进口商品仍需要以美元(大多数情况下)、或其他一些货币支付。 目前中国正在进行试点,允许香港公司以人民币结算从中国大陆的进口;这一做法最终可能会扩大到其他国家。 这些都需要时间。与此同时,大多数和中国签署货币互换协议的国家都尚未将换得的人民币投入使用。除了用于贸易支付,这些国家获得的人民币没有其他用途,因为人民币无法在中国以外进行交易。因此,像阿根廷这样的国家不能通过抛售人民币来捍卫自己的货币,而这正是一个国家外汇储备的通常用途。不过,与中国签署的货币互换协议可以让这些国家省出一些用作他途的美元,从而有更多美元来捍卫本币。
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