2019年昆明理工大学翻译硕士英语考研真题211

昆明理工大学2019年硕士研究生招生入学考试试昆明理工大学2019年硕士研究生招生入学考试试题(A卷)考试科目代码：211考试科目名称：翻译硕士英语考生答题须知所有题目（包括填空、选择、图等类型题目）答题答案必须做在考点发给的答题纸上，做在本试题册上无效。请考生务必在答题纸上写清题号。评卷时不评阅本试题册，答题如有做在本试题册上而影响成绩的，后果由考生自己负责。答题时一律使用蓝、黑色墨水笔或圆珠笔作答（画图可用铅笔），用其它笔答题不给分。答题时不准使用涂改液等具有明显标记的涂改用品。 PartⅠVocabularyandStructure(1x30=30points)Inthissection,therearethirtyincompletesentences.ForeachsentencefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandDaregiven.Decidewhichofthealternativesbestcompletesthesentence.WritetheappropriateletterontheANSWERSHEET.1.BecausethecostoflivingintheUnitedStatesisveryhigh, ________ studentsshouldbeadvisedtobudgettheirfinancialresourceswithgreatcare.perspectiveB.prosperousC.prospectiveD.protective2.Whentotaltaxesare________frompersonalincome,theremainderiscalleddisposableincome.A.distractedB.detractedC.contractedD.subtracted3.________ shouldweseektemporaryeconomicdevelopmentattheexpenseoftheenvironmentandresources.A.UnderanycircumstancesnotB.NotunderacircumstanceC.UndernocircumstancesD.Nocircumstance4.Wewantourchildrentohavemorethanjobskills;wewanttheirlivestobe________andtheirperspectivestobebroadened.　　A.envisagedB.excelledC.exceededD.enriched5.InEastfield,theconductorofthetown’sorchestraisavery________citizen,evenmorerenownedthanthemayororthepolicechief.A.dictatorialB.prominentC.fastidiousD.rebellious6.Inthe1860’s,authorLeoTolstoywas________withhisfamilyintheTularegionofRussia;whilecomfortablyestablishedthere,hewroteWarandPeace.A.ensconcedB.circumscribedC.avowedD.coerced7.HeenteredtheUnitedStatesin1988asa________residentbecauseofhismarriagetoaU.S.citizen.A.perpetualB.migrantC.registeredD.permanent8.Caught ________guard bytheinvasion,SovietleaderJosephStalininstructedtheRussianpeopleto“scorchtheearth”infrontoftheGermaninvaders.A.inB.onC.underD.off9.Justasareaderskimsquicklyovertheindividualwordsonpage,sowe________seeatreeexactlyandcompletelywithregardtoitsleaves,branches,color,shape.A.scarcelyB.ironicallyC.logicallyD.legally10.When________animalsareremovedfromtheirwildhabitatsandkeptaspets,thepetownersarelikelytoincurinjuries.A.feralB.vivaciousC.docileD.benign11.Allthefinishedproductsarestoredina________ofthedeliveryportandshippingisavailableatanytime.　　A.garage　　B.cabinet　　C.capsule　　D.warehouse12.Arthurmadethe________decisiontodrinkplentyofwaterattheverybeginningofthedaylonghike,andthuswasabletoavoiddehydration.A.crepuscularB.irrevocableC.ponderousD.canny13.Ifyoudon’tsortoutthepapersonyourdeskonaregularbasis,theyjustkeepon________.A.accusingB.accumulatingC.activatingD.depositing14.Itwasalsoahighlydesirablepoliticalend.________,itgavetheEnglishadoorintoFrance.A.HoweverB.WhicheverC.WhereasD.Furthermore15.Manynovelsthatattempttomirrortheworldarereally_______oftherealitythattheyrepresent.　　A.reflections　　B.demonstrations　　C.illuminations　　D.reproductions16.Itisthroughlearningthattheindividual_______manyhabitualwaysofreactingtosituations.　　A.retains　　B.gains　　C.achieves　　D.acquires17.Generally,itisonlywhenanimalsaretrappedthatthey________toviolenceinordertoescape.　　A.proceed　　B.appeal　　C.resort　　D.incline18.Maryonce_______withanothermusiciantocomposeapieceofpopmusic.　　A.merged　　B.collaborated　　C.coincided　　D.constituted19.Duringtheirfirstteachertrainingyear,thestudentsoftenvisitedlocalschoolsforthe_______oflessons.　　A.observation　　B.investigation　　C.inspection　　D.examination20.Amembershipcardauthorizes________theclub’sfacilitiesforaperiodof12months.A.theholderusingB.theholder’suseC.theholdertouseD.theholderuses21.Mr.Changpraisedthe________ofSylvia’shistorytermpaper,commendingherforhertrenchantanalysisaswellasherdiligence.A.abhorrenceB.effusivenessC.divergenceD.perspicacity22.Thoughherparents__________hermusicalability,Jerrilou'spianoplayingisreallyterrible.　　A.pourscornon　　B.heappraiseupon　　C.giveventto　　D.castlightupon23.Somechildrendisplayan__________curiosityabouteverynewthingtheyencounter.　　A.incredible　　B.infectious　　C.incompatibleD.inaccessible24.Manyofthescientistsandengineersarejudged__________howgreattheirachievementsare.A.inspiteof　　B.inwaysof　　C.infavorof　　D.intermsof25.Thedirectionswereso_______thatitwasimpossibletocompletetheassignment.A.ingenious　　B.ambitious　　C.notorious　　D.ambiguous26.Becauseadegreefromagooduniversityisthemeanstoabetterjob,educationisoneofthemost________areasinJapaneselife.A.sophisticated　　B.competitive　　C.considerate　　D.superficial27.Ifwe_______ourrelationswiththatcountry,we’llhavetofindanothersupplierofrawmaterials.　　A.diffuse　　B.diminish　　C.terminate　　D.preclude28.Thisisanidealsiteforauniversity________itisfarfromthedowntownarea.A.providedthatB.nowthatC.sothatD.inthat29.Althoughitwashisfirstexperienceaschairman,he________overthemeetingwithgreatskill.　　A.presided　　B.administered　　C.mastered　　D.executed30.Amost________argumentaboutwhoshouldgoandfetchthebreadfromthekitchenwasgoingonwhenIcamein.A.trivial　　B.delicate　　C.minor　　D.miniaturePartIIReadingComprehension(40points)SectionA:Inthissection,therearethreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedby5questionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemfourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandDaregiven.YoushoulddecideontheBESTchoiceforeachquestionorunfinishedstatementandthenwritetheappropriateletterontheANSWERSHEET.(2x15=30points)Questions1-5arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Passage1Thesedays,nobodyneedstocook.Familiesgrazeonhigh-cholesteroltake-awaysandmicrowavedready-meals.Cookingisanoccasionalhobbyandavehicleforcelebritychefs.Whichmakesitoddthatthekitchenhasbecometheheartofthemodernhouse:whatthegreathallwastothemedievalcastle,thekitchenistothe21st-centuryhome.Themoneyspentonkitchenshasrisenwiththeirstatus.InAmericathekitchenmarketisnowworth$170billion,fivetimesthecountry’sfilmindustry.IntheyeartoAugust2007,IKEA,aSwedishfurniturechain,soldoveronemillionkitchensworldwide.Theaveragebudgetfora“major”kitchenoverhaulin2006,calculatesRemodelingmagazine,wasastaggering$54,000;evena“minor”improvementcostonaverage$18,000.Exclusivity,morefamiliarintheworldofhighfashion,hasreachedthekitchen:Robinson&Cornish,aBritishmanufacturerofcustom-madekitchens,offersaGeorgian-styleonewhichwouldcost￡145,000-155,000—excludingbuilding,plumbingandelectricalwork.Itsbigsellingpointisthatnobodyelsewillhaveit:“Youwon’tseethiskitchenanywhereelseintheworld.”Theelevationoftheroomthatoncebelongedonlytotheservantstothatofdesignshowcaseforthemodernfamilytellsthestoryofacenturyofsocialchange.Rightintotheearly20thcentury,kitchensweresmoky,noisyplaces,generallylocatedunderground,ortothebackofthehouse,andasfarfromlivingspaceaspossible.Thatwasasitshouldbe:kitchenswereforservants,andtheaspiringmiddleclasseswantednothingtodowiththem.Butastheworkingclassesprosperedandtheservantshortagesetin,housekeepingbecameamatterofinteresttotheeducatedclasses.OneofthepioneersofaradicalnewwayofthinkingaboutthekitchenwasCatharineEstherBeecher,sisterofHarrietBeecherStowe.InAmericanWoman’sHome,publishedin1869,theBeechersistersrecommendedascientificapproachtohouseholdmanagement,designedtoenhancetheefficiencyofawoman’sworkandpromoteorder.ManycontemporaryideasaboutkitchendesigncanbetracedbacktoanotherAmerican,ChristineFrederick,whosetaboutenhancingtheefficiencyofthehousewife.Her1919work,HouseholdEngineering:ScientificManagementintheHome,wasbasedondetailedobservationofahousewife’sdailyroutine.Sheborrowedtheprincipleofefficiencyonthefactoryfloorandappliedittodomestictasksonthekitchenfloor.Frederick’scentralidea,that“stove,sinkandkitchentablemustbeplacedinsucharelationthatuselessstepsareavoidedentirely”,inspiredthefirstfullyfittedkitchen,designedinthe1920sbyMargareteSchütter-Lihotsky.Itwasamodernisttriumph,andmanyelementsremaincentralfeaturesoftoday’skitchen.1.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutthekitchenoftoday?A.Itiswherehousewivesdisplaytheircookingskills.B.Itisregardedasthecenterofamodernhome.C.Ithasbecomesomethingoddinamodernhouse.D.Itiswherethefamilyentertainsimportantguests.2.WhydoestheGeorgian-stylekitchensellataveryhighprice?A.Noduplicateistobefoundinanyotherplace.B.Noothermanufacturercanproduceanythinglikeit.C.ItismanufacturedbyafamousBritishcompany.D.Itisbelievedtohavetremendousartisticvalue.3.Whatdoesthechangeinthestatusofthekitchenreflect?A.Improvedlivingconditions.B.Women’selevatedstatus.C.Socialchange.D.Technologicalprogress.4.WhatwastheBeechersisters’ideaofakitchen?A.Aplacetoexperimentwithnewideas.B.Aplacewherehightechnologycouldbeapplied.C.Aplaceofinteresttotheeducatedpeople.D.Aplacewherewomencouldworkmoreefficiently.5.Whatdowelearnabouttoday’skitchen?A.Itrepresentstherapidtechnologicaladvanceinpeople’sdailylife.B.Ithasbeentransformedbeyondrecognition.C.Manyofitscentralfeaturesarenodifferentfromthoseofthe1920s.D.Manyofitsfunctionshavechangedgreatly.Questions6-10arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Passage2Asawisemanoncesaid,weareallultimatelyalone.ButanincreasingnumberofEuropeansarechoosingtobesoataneverearlierage.Thisisn’tthestuffofgloomyphilosophicalcontemplation,butafactofEurope'sneweconomiclandscape,embracedbysociologists,real-estatedevelopersandadexecutivesalike.Theshiftawayfromfamilylifetosololifestyle,observesaFrenchsociologist,ispartofthe“irresistiblemomentumofindividualism”overthelastcentury.Thecommunicationsrevolution,theshiftfromabusinesscultureofstabilitytooneofmobilityandthemassentryofwomenintotheworkforcehavegreatlywreakedhavoconEuropeans’privatelives.　　Europe’sneweconomicclimatehaslargelyfosteredthetrendtowardindependence.Thecurrentgenerationofhome-alonerscameofageduringEurope’sshiftfromsocialdemocracytothesharper,moreindividualisticclimateofAmericanstylecapitalism.Raisedinaneraofprivatizationandincreasedconsumerchoice,today’stech-savvyworkershaveembracedafreemarketinloveaswellaseconomics.ModernEuropeansarerichenoughtoaffordtolivealone,andtemperamentallyindependentenoughtowanttodoso.　　Onceuponatime,peoplewholivedalonetendedtobethoseoneithersideofmarriage-twentysomethingprofessionalsorwidowedseniorcitizens.Whilepensioners,particularlyelderlywomen,makeupalargeproportionofthoselivingalone,thenewestcropofsinglesarehighearnersintheir30sand40swhoincreasinglyviewlivingaloneasalifestylechoice.Livingalonewasconceivedtobenegative-darkandcold,whilebeingtogethersuggestedwarmthandlight.Butthencamealongtheideaofsingles.Theywereyoung,beautiful,strong!Now,youngpeoplewanttolivealone.Theboomingeconomymeanspeopleareworkingharderthanever.Andthatdoesn’tleavemuchroomforrelationships.PimpiArroyo,a35-year-oldcomposerwholivesaloneinahouseinParis,sayshehasn’tgottimetogetlonelybecausehehastoomuchwork.‘Ihavedeadlineswhichwouldmakelifewithsomeoneelsefairlydifficult.”OnlyanIdealWomanwouldmakehimchangehislifestyle,hesays.Kaufmann,authorofarecentbookcalled“TheSingleWomanandPrinceCharming,”thinksthisfiercenewindividualismmeansthatpeopleexpectmoreandmoreofmates,sorelationshipsdon’tlastlong-iftheystartatall.Eppendorf,ablondBerlinerwithadeeptan,teachesgradeschoolinthemornings.Intheafternoonshesunbathesorsleeps,restingupforgoingdancing.Justshyof50,shesaysshe’dneverhavewantedtodowhathermotherdid-giveupacareertoraiseafamily.Instead,‘I’vealwaysdonewhatIwantedtodo:liveaself-determinedlife.6.MoreandmoreyoungEuropeansremainsinglebecause.A.theyaredrivenbyanoverwhelmingsenseofindividualism　　B.theyhaveenteredtheworkforceatamuchearlierage　　C.theyhaveembracedabusinesscultureofstabilityD.theyarepessimisticabouttheireconomicfuture7.WhatissaidaboutEuropeansocietyinthepassage?　　A.Ithasfosteredthetrendtowardssmallfamilies.　　B.ItisgettingclosertoAmerican-stylecapitalism.　　C.Ithaslimitedconsumerchoicedespiteafreemarket.　　D.Itisbeingthreatenedbyirresistibleprivatization.8.AccordingtoParagraph3,thenewestgroupofsinglesare.　　A.warmandlightheartedB.oneithersideofmarriage　　C.negativeandgloomyD.healthyandwealthy9.TheauthorquotesEppendorftoshowthat.　　A.somemodernwomenpreferalifeofindividualfreedom　　B.thefamilyisnolongerthebasicunitofsocietyinpresent-dayEurope　　C.someprofessionalpeoplehavetoomuchworktodotofeellonely　　D.mostEuropeansconceivelivingasinglelifeasunacceptable10.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthepassage?　　A.Toreviewtheimpactofwomenbecominghighearners.　　B.Tocontemplatethephilosophyunderlyingindividualism.　　C.Toexaminethetrendofyoungpeoplelivingalone.　　D)Tostresstherebuildingofpersonalrelationships.Questions11-15arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Passage3Moreandmore,theoperationsofourbusinesses,governments,andfinancialinstitutionsarecontrolledbyinformationthatexistsonlyinsidecomputermemories.Anyonecleverenoughtomodifythisinformationforhisownpurposescanreapsubstantialrewards.Evenworse,anumberofpeoplewhohavedonethisandbeencaughtatithavemanagedtogetawaywithoutpunishment.It’seasyforcomputercrimestogoundetectedifnoonechecksuponwhatthecomputerisdoing.Butevenifthecrimeisdetected,thecriminalmaywalkawaynotonlyunpunishedbutwithaglowingrecommendationfromhisformeremployers.Ofcourse,wehavenostatisticsoncrimesthatgoundetected.Butit’sdisturbingtonotehowmanyofthecrimeswedoknowaboutweredetectedbyaccident,notbysystematicinspectionsorothersecurityprocedures.Thecomputercriminalswhohavebeencaughtmaybeenthevictimsofuncommonlybadluck.Forexample,acertainkeypunchoperatorcomplainedofhavingtostayovertimetopunchextracards.Investigationrevealedthattheextracardsshewasbeingaskedtopunchwerefordishonesttransactions.Inanothercase,dissatisfiedemployeesofthethieftippedoffthecompanythatwasbeingrobbed.Unlikeotherlawbreakers,whomustleavethecountry,commitsuicide,orgotojail,computercriminalssometimesescapepunishment,demandingnotonlythattheynotbechargedbutthattheybegivengoodrecommendationsandperhapsotherbenefits.Alltoooften,theirdemandshavebeenmet.Why?Becausecompanyexecutivesareafraidofthebadpublicitythatwouldresultifthepublicfoundoutthattheircomputerhadbeenmisused.Theyhesitateatthethoughtofacriminalboastinginopencourtofhowhejuggledthemostconfidentialrecordsrightunderthenosesofthecompany’sexecutives,aaccountant,andsecuritystaff.Andsoanothercomputercriminaldepartswithjusttherecommendationsheneedstocontinuehiscrimeselsewhere.11.Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethat________.A.itisstillimpossibletodetectcomputercrimestodayB.computercrimesarethemostseriousproblemintheoperationoffinancialinstitutionsC.computercriminalscanescapepunishmentbecausetheycan’tbedetectedD.peoplecommitcomputercrimesattherequesttheircompany12.Itisimpliedinthethirdparagraphthat________.A.manymorecomputercrimesgoundetectedthanarediscoveredB.therapidincreaseofcomputercrimesisatroublesomeproblemC.mostcomputercriminalsaresmartenoughtocoveruptheircrimesD.mostcomputercriminalsaresmartenoughtocoveruptheirbadluck13.Whichofthefollowingismentionedinthepassage?A.Astrictlawagainstcomputercrimesmustbeenforced.B.Companiesneedtoimposerestrictionsonconfidentialinformation.C.Companieswillguardagainstcomputercrimestoprotecttheirreputation.D.Companiesusuallyhesitatetouncovercomputercrimes.14.Whatmayhappentocomputercriminalsoncetheyarecaught?A.Withabadreputationtheycanhardlyfindanotherjob.B.Theywillbedeniedaccesstoconfidentialrecords.C.Theymaywalkawayandeasilyfindanotherjob.D.Theymustleavethecountryorgotojail.15.Thepassageismainlyabout________.A.whycomputercrimesaredifficulttodetectbysystematicinspectionsB.whycomputercriminalsareoftenabletoescapepunishmentC.howcomputercriminalsmanagetogetgoodrecommendationfromtheirformeremployersD.whycomputercrimescan’tbeeliminatedSectionB:Readthefollowingpassageandanswerthequestionsfollowed.WriteyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(2x5=10points)IonceknewadognamedNewtonwhohadauniquesenseofhumour.WheneverItossedoutaFrisbeeforhimtochase,he’dtakeoffinhotpursuitbutthenseemtolosetrackofit.Movingbackandforthonlyayardoftwofromthetoy,Newtonwouldlookallaround,evenupintothetrees.Heseemedgenuinelypuzzled.Finally,I’dgiveupandheadintothefieldtohelphimout.ButnosoonerwouldIgetwithin10ft.OfhimthanhewouldruninvariablystraightovertotheFrisbee,grabitandstartrunninglikemad,lookingoverhisshoulderwithwhatlookedsuspiciouslylikeagrin.Justabouteverypetownerhasastorylikethisandiseagertoshareitwithanyonewhowilllisten.Onveryshortnotice,TIMEreporterscamupwith25storiesaboutwhateachisconvincedisthesmartestpetintheworld.Amongthem:thecatwhoclosesthedoorbehindhimwhenhegoesintothebathroom;thecatwhousesatoiletinsteadofalitterbox...andflushesitafterward;thedogwhogoeswildwhenheseeshisownerputtingonbluejeansinsteadofadressbecausejeansmeanitistimetoplay;andthecatwhousedtowaitpatientlyatthebusstopeverydayforalittlegirl,thenwalkherthesixblockshome.Andsoon.Thesebehaviorsarecertainlyclever,butwhatdotheymean?WasNewtonreallydeceiving?Canacatreallydesireprivacyinthetoilet?Inshort,dohouseholdpetsreallyhaveamentalandemotionallife?Theirownersthinkso,butuntilrecently,animal-behaviourexportswouldhavegonemadonhearingsuchaquestion.Theworstsinintheworstsinintheirmoralvocabularywasanthropomorphism,projectinghumantraitsontoanimals.Adogoracatmightbehaveasifitwereangry,lonely,sad,happyorconfused,butthatwasonlyintheeyeoftheviewer.Whatwasgoingon,theyinsistedwasthatthedogorcathadbeenconditioned,throughaperhapsunintentionalseriesofpunishmentsandrewards,thebehavecertainway.Thebehaviourwasamechanicalresultofthetraining.WhatdidNewtonseempuzzledabout?WhydoestheauthorsayNewtonhaduniquesenseofhumour?3.WhatmadeitpossiblefortheTIMEreporterstocomeupwithsomanyinterestingstoriesaboutpets?4.Whatbeliefaboutpetbehaviourwasunacceptabletoexpertsofanimalbehaviour?5.Whatistheexplanationofanimal-behaviourexpertsforthe“clever”behaviourofpets?PartIIIWriting(30points)JosephEpstein,afamousAmericanwriter,oncesaid“Wedecidewhatisimportantandwhatistrivialinlife.Wedecidethatwhatmakesussignificantiseitherwhatwedoorwhatwerefusetodo.Butnomatterhowindifferenttheuniversemaybetoourchoicesanddecisions,thesechoicesanddecisionsareourstomake.Wedecide.Wechoose.Andaswedecideandchoose,soareourlivesformed.Intheend,formingourowndestinyiswhatambitionisabout.”Doyouagreeordisagreewithhim?Writeanessayentitled:OnAmbitionMarkswillbeawardedforcontent,organization,grammarandappropriateness.Failuretofollowtheaboveinstructionsmayresultinalossofmarks.Youressaymustbenolessthan400wordsandmustbewrittenontheANSWERSHEET.------TheEnd------第1页共9页第4页共9页