Unit 2 How Reading Changed My Life

Unit2HowReadingChangedMyLifePart1Warm-upWarm-upquestions:1.Doyoulikereading?Whatdoesreadingmeantoyou?2.Whatdoyouliketoread?Whatkindofbookdoyouliketoread?Whatisyourfavoritebook?Hasyourlifeeverbeensignificantlychangedbyanyparticularbook?Part1Warm-up3.Couldyoutalkaboutoneortwobooksthatyouhavereadbeforeandwouldliketorecommendtous?4.HowhastheInternetchangedpeople’swayofreading?5.Howdoyouaccountforsuchchanges?Part1Warm-upCouldyoureadthetextquicklyandfindoutalltheEnglishnovelsmentionedinthistext?Middlemarch米德尔马契ALittlePrincessAnnaKareninaGonewiththeWindRebecca蝴蝶梦Part1Warm-upJaneEyreATaleofTwoCitiesMoby-Dick白鲸PrideandPrejudiceKillaMockingbird杀死一只反舌鸟（知更鸟）Areyoufamiliarwiththem?Whatdoyouknowaboutthefollowingnovels?Couldyousharewithusanythingyouknowanyofthesebooks?Part2BackgroundInformation达西庄园ChatsworthPart2BackgroundInformation达西庄园ChatsworthPart2BackgroundInformation达西庄园ChatsworthPart2BackgroundInformationAnnaMarieQuindlen (bornJuly8,1953)isanAmericanauthor, journalist,andopinion columnist.Bornin Philadelphia, Pennsylvania toan Irish fatherandan Italian mother,Quindlengraduatedin1970from SouthBrunswickHighSchool in SouthBrunswick, NewJerseyandthenattended BarnardCollege fromwhichshegraduatedin1974.SheismarriedtoprominentNewJerseyattorneyGeraldKrovatinwhomshemetwhileincollege.SheliveswithherfamilyinNewYorkCity.Part2BackgroundInformationOverthelast30years,AnnaQuindlen'sworkhasappearedinsomeofAmerica'smostinfluentialnewspapers,manyofitsbest-knownmagazines,andonbothfictionandnon-fictionbestsellerlists.Quindlenbeganherjournalismcareerin1974asareporterforthe NewYorkPost.ThenshejoinedtheNewYorkTimesin1977asageneralassignmentreporter.Between1977and1994sheheldseveralpostsat theNewYorkTimes.QuindlenwrotetheAboutNewYorkcolumnfrom1981to1983.ShecreatedthecolumnLifeinthe30’srunningfrom1986to1988,andin1990,Quindlenbeganwritingabi-weeklyPublicandPrivatecolumnontheop-edpage.Part2BackgroundInformationShepublishedherfirstnovelObjectLessonsin1991.Andin1992,QuindlenwonthePulitzerPrizeforCommentarybecauseoftheNewYorkTimescolumn,PublicandPrivate.QuindlenlefttheNewYorkTimesin1995topursuewritingfictionfull-time,buteventuallyreturnedtojournalismin1999withabi-weeklycolumnforNewsweek.Shewrotetheprestigious"LastWord"columninNewsweekmagazineuntilsheannouncedherretirementintheMay18,2009.Part2BackgroundInformationQuindlenisknownasacriticofwhatsheperceivestobethefast-pacedandincreasingly materialistic natureofmodernAmericanlife.Muchofherpersonalwritingcentersonhermotherwhodiedattheageof40from ovariancancer卵巢癌,whenQuindlenwas19yearsold.Part2BackgroundInformationAnnaQuindlenistheauthorofmanybooks.Shehaswrittenfourbest-sellingnovels,ObjectLessons(1991),OneTrueThing(1994),BlackandBlue(1998),Blessings(2002),andthreeofthemhavebeenmadeintomovies. OneTrueThing was madeintoafeaturefilm in1998forwhich MerylStreepreceivedan AcademyAward nominationfor BestActress. BlackandBlue and Blessings weremadeintotelevisionmoviesin1999and2003respectively.Part2BackgroundInformationQuindlenisalsotheauthorofacollectionofessays,LivingOutLoud(1988),andThinkingOutLoud(1993).Herlatestbook,LoudandClearwaspublishedinApril2004andcomprisedcolumnsshewroteforbothNewYorkTimesandNewsweek.Shealsowrotetwochildren’sbooks,TheTreeThatCametoStay(1992)andHappilyEverAfter(1997).HowReadingChangedMyLifewasreleasedinSeptember1998.Part2BackgroundInformationNovels:Part2BackgroundInformationNon-fictionbooks:Part2BackgroundInformationTwoChildren'sbooks:Part2BackgroundInformationAuthor(herlife)AnnaQuindlentheJournalistTheNewYorkTimescolumnistuntil1994PulitzerPrizeforCommentaryin1992Newsweekcolumnist1999-2009AnnaQuindlentheNovelistFull-timenovelistsince1995Authoroffourbest-sellingnovels,threeofwhichmadeintomoviesPart2BackgroundInformationAuthor(herworks)Acriticofthefast-pacedandincreasinglymaterialisticnatureofmodernAmericanlifeSomequotes/quotations:Ifyoursuccessisnotonyourownterms,ifitlooksgoodtotheworldbutdoesnotfeelgoodinyourheart,itisnotsuccessatall.Youcannotbereallyfirst-rateatyourworkifyourworkisallyouare.Part3TextAnalysisSkimmingthewholetexttogetthemainideas(withthehelpofthefollowingquestions)Questionsforthinking:1.Whatisyouroverallimpressionofthistext?Whatisthetextmainlyabout?2.Whatdoyouthinktheauthoristryingtosay?Whatarethemainpointssheistryingtomake?3.Whatistheauthor'spurpose?Whyhasthetextbeenwritten?Part3TextAnalysis4.Whatdoesreadingmeantotheauthor?5.Whatkindofattitudestowardreadingbothertheauthor?6.Whatkindofattitudedoestheauthoradvocate?7.Whatconclusionsaredrawn?Part3TextAnalysisMainidea:Thetextmainlytellstheauthor’sexperiencesofhowreadingchangedherlife.Theauthorhadsuchapassionfor,andtooksuchadelightintraditionalreadingthroughoutherchildhood,adolescenceandadulthood.Also,shebenefitedalotfromherreading.Thegreatestgainfromreadingwasonlytheintensepleasureitgaveher.Whatismore,sherealizedthatbookwormslikeherstillexisteddespitethedeclineofreadingnowadays.Part3TextAnalysisPleasereadthetextandtrytofindouttheanswerstothefollowingquestions.Questions:1.Throughouttheauthor’schildhoodandadolescence,whatdidsheread?2.Whatdidshelearnthroughreading?Whatwerethebenefitsofreading?3.Whydoessheread?Whatisherpurposeofreading?Part3TextAnalysis4.Howhasreadingchangedherlife?5.Whenshebecameanadult,howwasherreadingenvironment?Didshereadinafavorableenvironment?6.Whatkindofattitudestowardreadingbothertheauthor?Isthereanychangetothepurposeofreading?Whatarethechanges?7.Dopeoplestillreadorreadasmuchastheyshould(asmuchastheyusedto)today?Whydon’tpeoplereadorreadasmuchastheyshouldtoday?Part3TextAnalysisTextOrganization/StructureQuestions:Doyouhaveageneralideaofthestructureofthetext?Howisthetextorganized?Whatarethedifferentpartsabout?Whataretheappropriatesubtitlesfordifferentparts?Tips:1.readthefirstandlastparagraphsandthebeginning andfinalsentencesoftheotherparagraphs.2.Trytofindoutthetopicsentenceofeachparagraph.Part3TextAnalysisThishighlyautobiographicalessaycanbedividedintothetraditionalthreepartswithabriefintroductionandanequallybriefconclusion.Theauthorstartsthetextwiththeintroductionofthequietandlovelyplacewhereshespentherchildhoodanddevelopedthehabitofreading.Part3TextAnalysisThemajorpart,thebodyoftheessay,canbedividedintotwosections,thefirstofwhichdealswithherchildhoodexperiencesofreading:what,how,whysheread,andwhatshelearnedthroughreading.Thesecondsectiontacklesamorecomplicatedtopic:howshecontinuestoreadinanunfavorableenvironmentinadulthood,Part3TextAnalysisinwhichreadingforpleasureisreplacedbyreadingforpurpose(suchasreadingforeconomicbenefitsorpersonaladvancementoracademicachievement);andreadingisprobablybeingtakenplacebytheTVandthemovies.Intheconclusionpart,theauthorreemphasizesthattherearestillbookwormslikeheramongordinarypeopleinspiteofthedeclineofreading.Part3TextAnalysisI.Theintroduction(para.1)IgrewupinaquietandlovelyneighborhoodwhereIdevelopedthehabitofreadingasasmallchild.II.Thebody(paras.2-15)A.Iwasanavidreaderthroughoutmychildhoodandadolescence.(paras.2-9)1.Iwanderedtheworldandlearnedaboutpeoplethroughbooks.(paras.2-4)2.AsachildIpreferredreadingtoplayingoutdoorswithmypeers.(paras.5-6)3.Throughbooks,Ialsolearnedaboutmyself,mywishesanddreams.(paras.7-8)Part3TextAnalysis4.IreadbecauseIloveditmorethananythingelseintheworld.(para.9)B.InmyadulthoodIremainanavidreaderinanunfavorableenvironment.(paras.10-15)1.Itisbelievedreadingshouldserveausefulpurposeandaimlessreadingisdiscouraged.(paras.10-11)2.ReadingisbeingreplacedbyTVandthemovies.(paras.12-13)3.Thereadingpopulationhasbecomeaminoritygroup.(paras.14-15)III.Theconclusion(paras.16-18)Despitethedeclineofreading,therearestillbookwormslikemeamongordinarypeople.Part4DetailedReading:LanguageFocuspara.1…..asmallbutsatisfyingspreadofcenter-hallcolonials,oldroses,andquietroads.spreadn.arangeoranareaoverwhichbuildingsspreadPart4DetailedReading:LanguageFocusspreadn.1.~ofsth:theareathatsthexistsinorhappensin涉及区域；活动分布范围e.g.thegeographicalspreadofthecompany’shotels这家公司所属各酒店的地理分布Part4DetailedReading:LanguageFocus2.~ofsth:howwidesthisortheareathatsthcovers宽度；面积;翼展e.g.aspreadofthirtymiles三十里的范围Thebird’swingshaveaspreadofnearlyametre.这只鸟翼展近一米。3.~ofsth:arangeofpeopleorthings范围；广度；幅度e.g.wide/broad/goodspreadofsthabroadspreadofinvestments多种类型的投资Part4DetailedReading:LanguageFocuscolonials:Hereitreferstothehousesbuiltinthestyleofthe18thcenturyduringthecolonialperiodofAmericanhistory(whenAmericawasstillunderBritishrule).theColonialPeriod(1492-1775):EuropeannationscametoAmericatoincreasetheirwealthandbroadentheirinfluenceovertheworldaffairs.TheSpanishwereamongthefirstEuropeanstoexploretheNewWorldandthefirsttosettleinwhatisnowtheUnitedStates.Part4DetailedReading:LanguageFocusBy1650,EnglandhadestablishedadominantpresenceontheAtlanticcoast.ThefirstcolonywasfoundedatJamestown,Virginia,in1607.By1770,morethan2millionAfricanslaveslivedandworkedinGreatBritain’s13NorthAmericancolonies.FinallyAmericaachievedindependencefromBritaincolonialrulein1776.Part4DetailedReading:LanguageFocusParaphrase:TheplacewhereIlivedwasnotverylarge,buttherewerequiteafewlovelyhouseswhichbuiltinthestyleof18thcenturyduringthecolonialperiodofAmericanhistory,withahallinthecenterinsideandsomeoldrosesandquietroadsoutside.Part4DetailedReading:LanguageFocuswanderv.1.towalkslowlyaroundortoaplace,oftenwithoutanyparticularsenseofpurposeordirection漫游；游荡；闲逛；徘徊；流浪；漂泊e.g.Shewanderedaimlesslyaroundthestreets.她在大街上漫无目的的到处游荡。Wewanderedbacktowardsthecar.我们溜达着回到汽车那里。Part4DetailedReading:LanguageFocus那孩子被发现独自在大街上瞎转。Thechildwasfoundwanderingthestreetsalone.2.~(away,back,to,etc.sth)(ofaperson’smindorthoughts人的思想或想法)tostopbeingdirectedonsthandtomovewithoutmuchcontroltootherideas,subjects,etc.走神；神志恍惚；（思想、注意力）不集中，开小差e.g.It’seasytobedistractedandletyourattentionwander.很容易走神分散了注意力。Part4DetailedReading:LanguageFocus尽量别让你的思想开小差。Trynottoletyourmindwander.Herthoughtswanderedbacktoheryouth.她浮想联翩，思绪回到了青春岁月。wanderwild:theadjective“wild”isusedhereasasubjectcomplement.Examples:Attheageof80,hermindbegantowanderfree.Amiserisapersonwholivespoorsoastodierich.Part4DetailedReading:LanguageFocuspara.2AndwanderIdid,…….AndIdidwander…Itisininvertedorderformoresmoothtransition.Part4DetailedReading:LanguageFocusIhadnowheretogoandnoimaginablereasononearthwhyIshouldwanttoleave.onearthusedafternegativenounsorpronounstoemphasizewhatyouaresaying(用于否定名词或代词之后表示强调）在世界上；在人世间Part4DetailedReading:LanguageFocusno…./nothingonearth:toemphasizethatyoumeannothingatall绝对没有什么（用于强调）e.g.Nothingonearthwouldpersuademetogo.绝对没有什么可以说服我去。Thereisnoreasononearthwhyyoushouldtellhim.你绝对没有什么应该告诉给他的理由。Part4DetailedReading:LanguageFocusQueenVictoria(1819–1901)wasthemonarchoftheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandIrelandfrom20June1837untilherdeath.Sheinheritedthethroneattheageof18.Herreignof63yearsand7months,whichislongerthanthatofanyotherBritishmonarchandthelongestofanyfemalemonarchinhistory,isknownastheVictorianera.Part4DetailedReading:LanguageFocusItwasaperiodofindustrial,cultural,political,scientific,andmilitarychangewithintheUnitedKingdom,andwasmarkedbyagreatexpansionoftheBritishEmpire.Part4DetailedReading:LanguageFocusQ:WhatwerethefeaturesofVictorianEngland?peace,prosperity,power,refinedsensibilitiesandself-confidencePart4DetailedReading:LanguageFocus……allthosegreathouses,withtheirhighceilingsandhighdrama….ceilingn.thetopinsidesurfaceofaroom天花板；顶棚SYNroofhighceilings天花板/屋顶很高Herehighceilingsrefertothosegrand,magnificentbuildingswithhighceilingsPart4DetailedReading:LanguageFocushighdramareferstothethrillingplotsofthenovelsPart4DetailedReading:LanguageFocuspara.3Essayquestionsareusuallyintheformofastatement.aremoregeneralandrequireatleastaparagraph—thatis,severalsentences—toanswerfully.usuallybeginwithaheadwordsuchasdiscuss,describe,explain,compareandcontrast,list,analyze,orsummarize.Theseheadwordsexplainthewriter’spurposeinansweringthequestion:Part4DetailedReading:LanguageFocus1.togiveallsidesofthetopic(discuss)2.togivealltheimportantdetailsofsomething(describe)3.tomakesomethingclearbygivingreasonsorbyexplaininghowtodoit(explain)4.towritethesimilaritiesanddifferences(compareandcontrast)5.tonamethepartsofsomething,onebyone(list)Part4DetailedReading:LanguageFocus6.tobreaksomethingintoitslogicalpartsinordertoexplainit(analyze)7.towritesomethinginashorterform,givingthemainideasandomittingthedetails(summarize)Part4DetailedReading:LanguageFocusLater,overastiffandawkwardlunchoftuna-fishsalad,someoftheothergirlsatmytablewereperplexedbythesourceofthequotationandwhatitmean,andIwascertain,atthatmoment,thatthescholarshipwasmine.Part4DetailedReading:LanguageFocusstiffadj.notrelaxedawkwardadj.makingyoufeelembarrassed令人尴尬的；使人难堪的e.g.Therewasanawkwardsilence.一阵令人尴尬的沉默。Part4DetailedReading:LanguageFocusThisisacompoundcomplexsentenceconsistingoftwocoordinateclausesconnectedby“and”,eachofwhichcontainsasubordinateclause.Inthefirstclause:Subject:someoftheothergirlsPredicate:wereperplexedbythesourceofthequotationandwhatitmeantQualifier:later,overastiffandawkwardlunchoftuna-fishsalad(adverbials)Part4DetailedReading:LanguageFocusInthesecondclause:Subject:Ilinkingverb:wasPredicative:certainthatthescholarshipwasmineQualifier:atthatmomentPart4DetailedReading:LanguageFocusATaleofTwoCities(1859)issetinLondonandParisduringtheFrenchRevolution.ThenoveldescribesthesufferingsoftheFrenchpeasantry(农民；农民阶级）underthecrueloppressionofthearistocracy(贵族)intheyearsleadinguptotherevolution,thebrutality(残忍)demonstratedbytherevolutionariestowardtheformeraristocratsintheearlyyearsoftherevolution,andmanyuglythingshappeningatthesametimeinLondon.Part4DetailedReading:LanguageFocusThishistoricalbackgroundisclearlyportrayedinthefamousopeningparagraph:Itwasthebestoftimes,itwastheworstoftimes,itwastheageofwisdom,itwastheageoffoolishness,itwastheepochofbelief,itwastheepochofincredulity,itwastheseasonofLight,itwastheseasonofDarkness,itwasthespringofhope,itwasthewinterofdespair,wehadeverythingbeforeus,wehadnothingbeforeus,wewereallgoingdirecttoheaven,wewereallgoingdirecttheotherway—inPart4DetailedReading:LanguageFocusshort,theperiodwassofarlikethepresentperiod,thatsomeofitsnoisiestauthoritiesinsistedonitsbeingreceived,forgoodorforevil,inthesuperlativedegreeofcomparisononly.Part4DetailedReading:LanguageFocuspara.4Onepoemcommittedtomemoryingradeschoolsurvivesinmymind.gradeschool:(AmE)primaryorelementaryschoolPart4DetailedReading:LanguageFocuscommitsthtomemory(formal)tolearnsthwellenoughtorememberitexactly;tostudysthcarefullysoastorememberitperfectly牢记某事；把….学好记牢SYNmemorizee.g.Shecommittedtheinstructionstothememory.她把指令记得很牢。Part4DetailedReading:LanguageFocussurviveinmymind:stillremaininmymind;IstillrememberParaphrase:IstillrememberonepoemIlearnedingradeschool.Part4DetailedReading:LanguageFocusItisbyEmilyDickinson:"ThereisnoFrigatelikeabook/TotakeusLandsaway/NoranycourserslikeaRage/OfprancingPoetry."Part4DetailedReading:LanguageFocusland:(literary)usedtorefertoacountryorregion国家；地区e.g.Shelongedtoreturntohernativeland.她渴望回到她的祖国。Theydreamedoftravellingtoforeignlands..他们梦想去外国旅游。Americaisthelandoffreedomandopportunity.美国是一个拥有自由与机遇的国度。Part4DetailedReading:LanguageFocusEmilyDickinsonistellingusinthispoemthatabookcantakeustoplacesfarbeyondourneighboringcountriesandfasterthanthefastestboat.Andapageofpoetrycanmakeusfeelwearespringinganddancingquickly,happilyandproudlyasnoracinghorsecan.Part4DetailedReading:LanguageFocuspara.5PerhapsonlyatrulydiscontentedchildcanbecomeasseducedbybooksasIwas.Perhapsrestlessnessisanecessarycorollaryofdevotedliteracy.Part4DetailedReading:LanguageFocusseducesbintosth/intodoingsthtopersuadesbtodosththattheywouldnotusuallyagreetodobymakingitseemveryattractive诱骗；唆使；引诱e.g.IwasyoungandseducedbyNewYork.我当时年轻，抵挡不住纽约的诱惑。Leadersarepeoplewhocanseduceotherpeopleintosharingtheirdream.领导人就是要能够说服别人来分享他们的梦想。Part4DetailedReading:LanguageFocusrestlessadj.unabletostaystillorbehappywhereyouare,becauseyouareboredorneedachange坐立不安的；不耐烦的；e.g.Theaudiencewasbecomingrestless.观众开始不耐烦了。Afterfiveyearsinthejob,hewasbeginningtofeelrestless.这份工作干了五年以后，他开始厌烦了。Part4DetailedReading:LanguageFocusrestlessnessn.e.g.therestlessnessofyouth年轻人的躁动corollaryn.(formal)asituation,anargumentorafactthatisthenaturalanddirectresultofanotherone必然的结果（或直接推论）e.g.Issocialinequalitytheinevitablecorollaryofeconomicfreedom?社会不平等是否是经济自由的必然结果呢？Part4DetailedReading:LanguageFocusliteracy n[U]abilitytoreadandwrite读写能力Paraphrase:Perhapsonlythosechildrenwhowerereallydissatisfiedwiththerealitywouldindulgethemselvesinreadingbooks,likeme.Perhapsifapersonworksreallyhardatreadingandwriting,heorsheisboundtoberestless.Part4DetailedReading:LanguageFocusclubchairaclubchairisatypeofarmchair,usuallycoveredinleather.ItwascreatedandmadeinFrance.Part4DetailedReading:LanguageFocuscurledarmsPart4DetailedReading:LanguageFocussquareottomanPart4DetailedReading:LanguageFocusbarreltablePart4DetailedReading:LanguageFocusInmymindIamalwayssprawledonit,readingwithmyskinnylegsslungoveroneofitsarms.sprawl:tostretchoutone’sarmsandlegsindifferentdirections伸开四肢坐或躺Part4DetailedReading:LanguageFocuse.g.HewassprawlinginanarmchairinfrontoftheTV.他伸开手脚坐在电视机前的一张扶手椅上。Somethinghitherandsenthersprawlingtotheground.不知道什么东西击中了她，把她打趴在地上。Itrippedandwentsprawling.我绊了一下，摔了个四脚朝天。Part4DetailedReading:LanguageFocuscoaxsb(into/outof(doing)sth)劝诱,哄劝:Shecoaxedhersoninto/outofattendingthemeeting.她哄劝儿子(不要)参加那个聚会。Hecoaxedthesecretoutofhiswife.他以巧言从妻子口中探出秘密。Shecoaxedtherabbitintothecage.Part4DetailedReading:LanguageFocusluren.(usuallysing.)theattractivequalitiesofsth吸引力；诱惑力；魅力e.g.Fewcanresistthelureofadventure.很少有人能抵御历险的诱惑力。v.(usually+adv./prep.)(disapproving)topersuadeortricksbtogosomewhereortodosthbypromisingthemareward劝诱；引诱；诱惑e.g.Youngpeopleareluredtothecitybytheprospectofajobandmoney.年轻人希望打工赚钱，从而被诱惑到城市。Part4DetailedReading:LanguageFocusinstinctiveadj.basedoninstinct,notthoughtortraining本能的；直觉的；天生的e.g.instinctiveknowledge本能的知识Sheisaninstinctiveplayer.她是个天生的运动员。Myinstinctivereactionwastodenyeverything.我的本能反应是否认一切。Part4DetailedReading:LanguageFocusinstinctivelyadv.e.g.Heknewinstinctivelythatsomethingwaswrong.他凭直觉知道出事了。Part4DetailedReading:LanguageFocuspara.6……somebookthathadbeenlaidflatonthetabletomarkmyplace,itsimaginarypeoplewaitingformetoreturnandbringthemtolife.imaginaryadj.notreal,onlycreatedinone’smind;existingonlyinyourmindorimagination想象中的；幻想的；虚构的e.g.imaginaryfears想象中的恐惧Asshelistened,sheplayedanimaginarypianoonherknees.她边听边在膝盖上作弹琴状。Part4DetailedReading:LanguageFocusimaginativeadj.havingorshowingnewandexcitingideas富于想象力的；创新的SYNinventivee.g.animaginativeapproach/idea/child有创意的方法/思想/孩子Part4DetailedReading:LanguageFocusimaginableadj.1.usedwithsuperlatives,andwithallandevery,toemphasizethatsthisthebest,worst,etc.thatyoucanimagine,orincludeseverypossibleexample(与形容词最高级或与all、every连用，表示强调或概括)想象得到的e.g.Thehousehasthemostspectacularviewsimaginable.从这所房子可以看到所能想象的最壮丽的景色。Part4DetailedReading:LanguageFocus2.possibletoimagine可想象的e.g.Thesetechnologicaldevelopmentswerehardlyimaginable30yearsago.这些科技新产品在30年前几乎是不可想象的。Part4DetailedReading:LanguageFocusExercises:1.Youngstudentsareoftenmorethanteachers.2.Therulerofthatcountrywasthemostbrutal.3.Hewroteastoryaboutancommunityontheothersideofacave,unknowntotheoutsideworld.Part4DetailedReading:LanguageFocusbringsb/sthtolife:tomakesb/sthmoreinterestingorexciting使更有趣；使更生动e.g.ThenewteacherreallybroughtFrenchtolifeforus.新来的老师给我们把法语教得生动活泼。Flowerscanbringadullroombacktolife.鲜花可使沉闷的房间恢复生气。Part4DetailedReading:LanguageFocuspara.7Therewaswaking,andtherewassleeping.Andthentherewerebooks…..Paraphrase:BetweenthetimeIwokeupandthetimeIwenttosleep,Iread.Part4DetailedReading:LanguageFocusaspirev.~tosth:tohaveastrongdesiretoachievesthimportantortobecomesth追求；渴望（成就）；有志（成为）e.g.Sheaspiredtoascientificcareer.她有志于科学事业。aspiretodosthe.g.Heaspiredtobetheirnextleader.他渴望成为他们下一届的领导人。aspirationn.渴望;抱负;志气Part4DetailedReading:LanguageFocusdarev.tobebraveenoughtodosth敢于；胆敢e.g.Hedidn’tdare(to)saywhathethought.他不敢说出他的想法。Theydaren’taskforanymoremoney.他们不敢再要钱了。Part4DetailedReading:LanguageFocusdon’tyoudare(informal)usedtotellsbstronglynottodosth(让人绝不要做某事)你敢，谅你不敢e.g.“I’lltellheraboutit.”“Don’tyoudare!”“我要把这事告诉她。”“你敢！”Don’tyoudaresayanythingtoanybody.谅你不敢对任何人提起这事儿。Part4DetailedReading:LanguageFocushowdareyou,etc.usedtoshowthatyouareangryaboutsththatsbhasdone(表示气愤)你竟然，你竟敢e.