初中英语定语从句专项练习题与答案详解

定语从句专项练习题与详解1.Nearlyallthestreetsareinstraightlines,________fromeasttowest.Those________runfromnorthtosoutharecalledavenues.A.running;thatB.run;who　　C.running;whoD.run;that2.Thisisthecase________he’shadallhismoneystolen.A.whenB.where　C.thatD.onwhich3.Mr.SmithwillpayavisittoBeijingthisautumn,________wewillenjoytheOlympicGamesin2008.A.whereB.whenC.whichD.how4.Theartistwillnotpaintpeopleoranimalsbuthewillpaintanything________.A.thatthelittlegirlaskshimB.thelittlegirlaskshimtoC.forthelittlegirltoaskhimD.whatthelittlegirlaskshim5.—Howdidyougetintouchwiththetravelagent,Robin?—Oh,that’seasy.IsurfedtheInternetandthencalledone________thetelephonenumberisprovided.A.whichB.inwhichC.ofwhichD.whose6.October15thismybirthday,________Iwillneverforget.A.whenB.thatC.whatD.which7.Thetreatmentwillcontinueuntilthepatientreachesthepoint________hecanwalkcorrectlyandsafely.A.whenB.whereC.whichD.whose8.ThereareseveralresearchcentersinChina________acertaindiseasecalledBirdFluisbeingstudied.A.whichB.whereC.whenD.what9.Ihopethatthelittle________Ihavebeenabletododoesgoodtothemall.A.whichB.whatC.thatD.when10.Thetimeisnotfaraway________moderncommunicationswillbecomewidespreadinChina’svastcountryside.A.asB.whenC.untilD.before11.________isknowntoeverybody,TaiwanisapartofChina.Wemustunifyit.A.ItB.AsC.WhichD.What12.Ishallneverforgettheday________ShenZhouVwaslaunched,________hasagreateffectonmylife.A.when,whichB.that,whichC.which,thatD.when,that13.Thebreadmywifemakesismuchbetterthan________youcanbuyatastore.A.thatwhichB.onethatC.thatofwhichD.thisofwhich14.Thereisnosuchplace________youdreamofinallthisworld.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.as15.Thepeople,________hadbeendamagedbytheflood,weregivenhelpbytheRedCross.A.allwhosehomesB.allofwhosehomesC.alltheirhomesD.alloftheirhomes16.Thehumansaredestroyingnaturedaybyday,________ofcourse,willcauseseverepunishmentfromitsoonerorlater.A.whoB.whenC.onwhichD.which17.Isthisresearchcenter________youvisitedthemodernequipmentlastyear?A.whereB.thatC.theonethatD.theonewhere18.Somepicturesoftheriverbroughtthedaysbacktotheold________theyswaminit.A.whenB.thatC.whoD.where19.Themanshowedussoheavyastone________nomancanlift.A.thatB.asC.whichD.and20.Hestayedthereforquitealongtime,during________timehelearnedmuchspokenEnglish.A.thatB.thisC.whichD.same答案与解析：1.A.主语与run(延伸)是主动关系，所以用现在分词。Those指街道，所以不用who而用that来引导定语从句。2.B.因为在此题中where引导定语从句，表示“在这种种况下”，与inwhich相当。3.A.因为先行词是Beijing而不是thisautumn所以用where引导定语从句。4.B.答案B是省略了关系代词that的定语从句，另外，to后还省略了动词原形paint。5.C.因为ofwhich引导定语从句，并在从句中作定语。ofwhichthetelephonenumber=whosetelephonenumber。6.D.因为这是个非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面一句话的。7.B.因为表示“阶段、程度、地步”的thepoint在定语从句中作地点状语，所以用where引导定语从句。8.B.因为先行词是researchcenters并在定语从句中作状语，所以用where。9.C.因为当先行词是表示事物的all,little,few,much,anything,everything,nothing等时，多用that引导定语从句。10.因为先行词是thetime，且在定语从句中作状语，所以用when引导。此题的先行词与定语从句被主句谓语分开了，要善于辨别。11.B.先行词是TaiwanisapartofChina整个主句，一般由as或which引导定语从句，但which引导的定语从句只能放在主句之后，另外，as有“正如”之意，而which没有，所以用as。顺便说说，原句改为：ItisknowntoeverybodythatTaiwanis…=WhatisknowntoeverybodyisthatTaiwanis…12.A.两空都是考查定语从句，先行词分别是theday和ShenZhouVwaslaunched,theday在定语从句中作状语，用when引导；后句是非限制性定语从句，不能用that，要用which。13.A.因为替代不可数名词(thebread)只能用that，排除B和D；又因为先行词that(thebread)在定语从句中作buy的宾语，用which，所以选A。14.D.当定语从句的先行词前有such,so,as等词语时，由as引导，并且as在定语从句中作主语或宾语，as在此题中作dreamof的宾语。注意：在表示“如此…以致…”的such/so…that…结构中，that不作任何句子成份。15.B.考查非限制性定语从句，allofwhosehomes=alloftheirhomes他们所有的房子。16.D.因为先行词是前面整个句子，且在从句中作主语，所以用which。ofcourse是插入语。17.D.将疑问句改为陈述句：thisresearchcenteris…显然缺少先行词，必须加上代词theone来作先行词，又因定语从句不缺主语或宾语，所以用关系副词where。假若在this后加the，就选where，请想想这是为什么。18.A.因为先行词是thedays，并在定语从句中作状语。19.B.当先行词前有so时，用as引导定语从句，as在从句中作主语或宾语。假若在lift后加上it，答案就是that了，请想想这是为什么。20.C.因前后均的句子，必须要选连词，排除B和D；又因在介词后不能用that来引导定语从句，所以选C。duringwhichtime在那段时间里。1.Thebridge____abigshipcangohasbeenbuilt.A.underwhichB.underthatC.inwhichD.onwhich解析：考查定语从句随意性关系引导词。基本常识：定语从句随意性关系引导词由搭配介词+which/whom构成，先行词指人用前者，先行词指事/物用后者。定语从句引导词的判断为将先行词想方设法放入从句，使从句成为一个完整且有先行词成分的陈述句。此句中，先行词为thebridge;从句为abigshipcango,二者构成的完整句为Abigshipcangounderthebridge.因此，答案为A2.Thebook____istornismine.A.thecoverofwhichB.thecoverofthatC.whichthecoverD.whosecoverof解析：考查定语从句随意性关系引导词以及所属关系引导词。此句中先行词为thebook,从句应为coveristorn,二者构成的完整句为thecoverofthebookistorn.因此随意性关系引导词结构为thecoverofwhich或所属关系引导词结构whosecover.因此，答案为A3.Hetalkedabouttheclassmatesandtheschool____hehadvisited.A.whoB.thatC.whichD.aboutwhich解析：考查先行词即指人又指物的定语从句相同意思引导词。定语从句相同意思引导词基本要点，无论限定性还是非限定性定语从句的主宾表引导词均为相同意思引导词。限定性定语从句中，相同意思引导词有一般引导词who,whom,which以及通用引导词that.先行词指人，作从句主语用who,作从句定语或作从句中介词的宾语均用引导词whom,先行词指物，用引导词which,限定性定语从句中，作相同意思的引导词均可以用that替代。此外，限定性定语从句中作宾语的引导词可以省略。非限定性定语从句中，相同意思引导词只能为一般引导词who/whom/which，不能用通用引导词that.非限定性定语从句中，前一完整句在从句中作主宾表成分时，也要看作是定语从句相同意思引导词，先行词指事物的情况，用引导词which.此句中，先行词为theclassmatesandtheschool，从句为hehadvisited,二者构成的完整句为Hehadvisitedtheclassmatesandtheschool.所以不难发现先行词在限定性定语从句中作visited的宾语使用，先行词既指人又指物。因此，答案为B4.Youhaveseenthegirl____sisterisaChineseteacher.A.whomB.ofwhomC.whoseD.ofwhich解析：考查定语从句所属关系引导词。此句先行词为thegirl，定语从句为sisterisaChineseteacher，二者构成的完整句为Thegirl'ssisterisaChineseteacher.先行词的's所有格构成的所属关系结构在从句中作定语。因此，答案只能为C.定语从句固定关系引导词相关要点：先行词在定语从句中除作从句主宾表成分以外的成分，均为相关意思引导词，其中包括固定关系引导词和随意性关系引导词。固定关系引导词只有when(时间关系)，where（地点关系），why(先行词为thereason,原因关系）whose（所属关系，包括's所有格关系和of所有格关系，由whose修饰的名词成分前不能用冠词成分，whose应为名词的前置性定语成分）；随意性关系引导词为相关搭配介词+which/whom构成的引导词结构充当。5.Weshoulddoall____isusefultopeople.A./B.thatC.itD.which解析：考查限定性定语从句中先行词为不定代词的相同意思引导词。此句中先行词all为不定代词，从句为isusefultopeople，从句缺主语，二者构成的完整句为Allisusefultopeople.为了便于理解，All=Allthethings/everything.所以从句的完整句还可以写成Everythingisusefultopeople;或Allthethingsareusefultopeople.因此，答案为B6.Wecametoaplace____theyhadneverpaidavisitbefore.A.whichB.inwhichC.onwhichD.towhich解析：考查定语从句随意性关系引导词。此句先行词为aplace,从句为theyhadneverpaidavisitbefore,二者构成的完整句为Theyhadneverpaidavisittotheplacebefore.因此，答案为D。此句的可转换概念进行相同意思引导词的考查，题干为Wecametoaplace_____theyhadnevervisitedbefore.其答案可以为which/that/省略引导词。7.Those____finisheddoingitputupyourhands.A.whohaveB.whohasC.whichhaveD.have解析：考查为指示代词在从句中作主语的指代分析以及引导词的数量。此句中，those为定语从句的先行词，相当于thosestudents/clerks,finisheddiongit为定语从句成分，从句缺主语以及谓语动词的完成时态助动词。主语指人，用一般引导词who,引导词数量与先行词一致为复数。因此，答案为A9.Theman____wasafriendofmine.A.thatyoujusttalkedtoB.whomyoujusttalkedtohimC.whoyoujusttalkedtohimD.whichyoujusttalkedto解析：考查完整的定语从句。此句中先行词在从句中作介词宾语，先行词相同意思用引导词充当，先行词指人。因此，答案为A10.Iwenttotheschool____myfatheronceworked.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.onwhich解析：考查定语从句相关意思引导词。此句先行词theschool,定语从句myfatheronceworked,二者构成的完整句o为Myfatheronceworkedintheschool.intheschool可以用固定关系引导词中的地点关系引导词where表示,也可以用随意性关系引导词inwhich表示。因此，答案为C11.Ishallneverforgetthoseyears________Ilivedinthecountrywiththefarmers,_________hasagreateffectonmylife.A.that;whichB.when;whichC.which;thatD.when;who解析：前一空考查定语从句相关意思引导词；后一空考查定语从句整句先行词相同意思引导词。前一定语从句的完整句为Ilivedinthecountrywiththefarmersthoseyears.先行词在从句中作非主宾表成分，先行词与时间相关。后一定语从句的完整句在理解基础上的意思转换为Theexperiencehasagreateffectonmylife.Theexperience=Ilivedinthecountrywiththefarmersthoseyears。所以为整句先行词在从句中作主语。因此，答案为B12.Theweatherturnedouttobeverygood,_______wasmorethanwecouldexpect.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.it解析：考查定语从句整句先行词在从句中作主语。非限定性定语从句在意思理解基础上的完整句为Thisnaturalphenomenanwasmorethanwecouldexpect.Thisnaturalphenomenan=Theweatherturnedouttobeverygood.因此，答案为B13.CarolsaidtheworkwouldbedonebyOctober,___personallyIdoubtverymuch.A.itB.thatC.whenD.which解析：考查定语从句整句先行词在从句中作宾语。非限定性定语从句的完整句为PersonlyIdoubtthattheworkwouldbedonebyOctoberverymuch.因此，答案为D14.Dorothywasalwaysspeakinghighlyofherroleintheplay,_____,ofcourse,madetheothersunhappy.A.whoB.whichC.thisD.what解析：考查非限定性定语从句整句先行词在从句中作主语。非限定性定语从句完整句为ItmadetheothersunhappythatDorothywasalwaysspeakinghighlyofherroleintheplay.It=Dorothywasalwaysspeakinghighlyofherroleintheplay.在从句中构成形式主语与真实主语关系。因此，答案为B15._________isknowntoall,Chinawillbean_________powerfulcountryin20or30years'time.A.That;advancingB.This;advancedC.As;advancedD.It;advancing解析：前一空考查前置性非限定性定语从句整句先行词在从句中作主语，后一空为与动作趋向相关的非谓语分词形容词在从句中作前置性定语。非限定性定语从句整句先行词在从句中作主语，只能用as引导，以职高方法理解，可以为固定表达结构的插入语来理解，asisknowntoall.与动作趋向相关的分词形容词，ing分词表示动作正在进行或动作即将产生，ed分词表示动作已经结束，此句中advancingcountry表示发展中国家，advancedcountry表示发达国家.因此，答案为C。16._________ismentionedabove,thenumberofthestudentsinseniorschoolsisincreasing.A.WhichB.AsC.ThatD.It解析：考查前置性非限定性定语从句整句先行词在从句中作主语。为综上所述的固定表达结构。因此，答案为B17._________isknowntoeverybody,themoontravelsroundtheearthonceeverymonth.A.ItB.AsC.ThatD.What解析：固定表达结构或前置性非限定性定语从句引导词为As，答案为B18.Itwasanexcitingmomentforthesefootballfansthisyear,_________forthefirsttimeinyearstheirteamwontheWorldCup.A.thatB.whileC.whichD.when解析：非限定性定语从句引导词考点，先行词为theexcitingmoment,将先行词放入从句为Forthefirsttimeintheyearstheirteamwontheworldcupatthemoment,先行词放入从句为介词短语作时间状语，相关意思引导词，固定关系引导词用时间关系引导词when,随意性关系引导词用atwhich.句中forthefirsttimeinyears为强词调结构。答案为D19.Haveyouseenthefilm"Titanic",________leadingactorisworldfamous?A.itsB.it'sC.whoseD.which解析：非限定性定语从句引导词考点，先行词thefilm，放入从句为Theleadingactorofthefilmisworldfamous,先行词放入从句为of所有格作后置性定语，用相关意思引导词中的所属关系引导词。答案为C20.Wewillbeshownaroundthecity:schools,museums,andsomeotherplaces,_________othervisitorsseldomgo.A.whatB.whichC.whereD.when解析：非限定性定语从句考点，先行词为someotherplaces,放入从句为othervisitorsseldomgototheseplaces,先行词在从句中为相关意思引导词作地点状语，固定关系引导词用地点关系引导词where,随意性关系引导词用towhich.本人认为用随意性关系引导词最好。答案为C21.Thefamousbasketballstar,_______triedtomakeacomeback,attractedalotofattention.A.whereB.whenC.whichD.who解析：非限定性定语从句考点，先行词为thefamousbasketballstar,放入从句为thebasketballstartriedtomakeacomeback.先行词在从句中作主语，相同意思引导词，先行词指人。答案为D22.IntheofficeIneverseemtohavetimeuntilafter5:30p.m.,_________manypeoplehavegothome.A.whosetimeB.thatC.onwhichD.bywhichtime解析：非限定性定语从句，先行词5:30pm,放入从句为manypeoplehavegothomeuntil/by5:30pm。先行语相关意思在从句中作时间状语，固定关系引导词when,随意性关系引导词untilwhich,bywhich.答案为D23.RecentlyIboughtanancientChinesevase,_________wasveryreasonable.A.whichpriceB.thepriceofwhich　C.itspriceD.thepriceofwhose解析：非限定性定语从句，先行词theancientChinesevase,放入从句为TheancientChinesevasewasveryreasonable,，先行词在从句中作主语，相同意思引导词，先行词指物，引导词用which.或thepriceoftheChinesevasewasveryreasonable,先行词的of所有格在从句中作后置性定语，所属关系引导词结构用whoseprice,随意性关系引导词用thepriceofwhich,答案为D23.Ishallneverforgetthoseyears_________Ilivedinthecountrywiththefarmers,________hasagreateffectonmylife.A.that;whichB.when;whichC.which;thatD.when;who解析：前一空为限定性定语从句引导词，后一空为非限定性定语从句，前一句先行词thoseyears,放入从句为Ilivedinthecountrywiththefarmersthoseyears.先行词在从句中作时间状语，相关意思引导词。固定关系引导词用when.后一空先行词为前一从句为整句先行词，可理解为那段时间的经历Theexperience,放入从句为theexperiencehasagreateffectonmylife.先行词在从句中作主语，相同意思引导词，先行词指事，非人即物。答案为B24.AfterlivinginParisforfiftyyears,hereturnedtothesmalltown_______hegrewupasachild.A.whichB.whereC.thatD.when解析：限定性定语从句，先行词thesmalltown放入从句为hegrewupinthesmalltowmasachild.先行词短语结构在从句中作地点状语，相关意思引导词，固定关系引导词用where,随意性关系引导词用inwhich。答案为B25.Thefilmbroughtthehoursbacktome________Iwastakengoodcareofinthatfar-awayvillage.A.untilB.thatC.whenD.where解析：限定性定语从句考点，先行词thehours,放入从句为Iwastakengoodcareofinthatfar-awayvillageduringthehours.先行词短语结构在从句中作时间状语，固定关系引词用when，随意性关系引导词用duringwhich.答案为C26.He'sgothimselfintoadangeroussituation_________heislikelytolosecontrolovertheplane.A.whereB.whichC.whileD.why解析：限定性定语从句考点，先行词为adangeroussituation,放入从句为Heislikelytolosecontrolovertheplaneinthatdangeroussituation.先行词短语结构在从句中作地点状语，固定关系引导词用where,随意性关系引导词用inwhich,随意性关系引导词最好。答案为A27.-DidyouremembertogiveMarythemoneyyouowedher?-Yes.Igaveittoher_________Isawher.A.whileB.themomentC.suddenlyD.once解析：定语从句及状语从句综合性考点，若此处有themoment时，themoment在主句中作时间状语，同时作定语从句的先行词。先行词放入从句为Isawheratthemoment.先行词短语结构在从句中作时间状语，引导词用固定关系引导词when，引导词不同省略。while引导时间状语从句，从句谓语必须为延续性动词或状态，see为瞬间动作。suddenly为时间副词，作为连结副词时，采用插入连结方式，前后用逗号隔开；once引导的状语从句有时间状语从句意味，也不条件状语从句意味，可以用于此句的表达。答案为D28.Isthisthereason_________atthemeetingforhiscarelessnessinhiswork?A.heexplainedB.whatheexplainedC.howheexplainedD.whyheexplained解析：限定性定语从句考点，先行词为thereason,定语从句引导词为Why.29.Ishallremembertheday______wemetfirst.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.when解析：限定性定语从句考点，先行词theday，放入从句为Wemetfirstontheday.先行语短语结构在从句中作时间状语，固定关系引导词用when,随意性关系引导词用onwhich.答案为D30.Canyoulendmethedictionary______theotherday?A.aboutthatyoutalkedB.ThatyoutalkedC.whichyoutalkedD.thatyoutalkedabout解析：限定性定语从句考点，先行语thedictionary,放入从句为youtalkedaboutthedictionarytheotherday.先行词短语结构在从句中作宾语，从句可用aboutwhichyoutalkdtheotherday或which/that/省略引导词youtalkedabouttheotherday.答案为D31.Thebook______isn’tinthelibrary.A.whatIneedB.IneedC.thatIneeditD.whichIneedit解析：限定性定语从句考点，先行词thebook放入从句为Ineedthebook.先行词在从句中作宾语，相同意思引导词，先行词指物，引导词可用which/that/省略引导词。答案为B32.Itwasraining,______wasapity.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.it解析：非限定性定语从句考点，先行词为前一主句构成整句先行词现象，可以理解为这种情况thissituation,放入从句为Thissituationwasapity,先行词在从句中作主语，相同意思引导词，先行词指事，非人即物。答案为B33.Hestudiedhardatschoolwhenhewasyoung,____contributestohissuccessinlatterlifeA.asB.thereforeC.whichD.sothat解析：非限定性定语从句考点，先行词为前一主句构成整句先行词现象，可以理解为这一经历thisexperience放入从句为Thisexperiencecontributestohissuccessinhislatterlife.先行词在从句中作主语，相同意思引导词，先行词指事，答案为C34.Thesizeoftheaudience,______wehadexpected,waswelloveronethousand.A.whomB.whoC.asD.that解析：非限定性定语从句考点，先行语thesizeoftheaudience,放入从句为wehadexpectedthesizeoftheaudience,先行语在从句中作宾语。先行词指物，引导词可用which.espect可构成固定短语的插入语表示据估计，asitwasexpected或asithasbeenexpected或assbhasexpected.答案为C35.OneofthemostbeautifulnaturalwondersintheUnitedStatesistheGrandCanyon,_____locatedinnorthwesternArizona.A.andB.whereC.isD.whichis解析：非限定性定语从句考点，先行词theGrandCanyon,放入从句为TheGrandCanyonislocatedinnorthwesternArizona.先行语在从句中作主语，先行语非人即物，答案为D。值得注意的是，locate为使动用法的及物动词，在做句子谓语时，要采用被动表达结构。36.Doyouknowtheworker______?A.whomIoftentalkB.withwhoIoftentalkCIoftentalkwithD.thatIoftentalk解析：限定性定语从句，先行词为theworker，放入从句为Ioftentalkwiththeworker.先行词短语结构在从句中作宾语，定语从句表达可以为withwhomIoftentalk或whom/that/省略引导词Ioftentalkwith.答案为C37.Electriccurrentcanproduceheat______wecanweldmetals.A.whichB.inwhichC.bymeansofwhichD.what解析：限定性定语从句考点，先行语heat放入从句为wecanweldmetalsbymeansofheat或wecanweldmetalsbytheheat.先行词短语结构在从句中作方式状语，相关意思引导词，没有固定关系引导词，随意性关系引导词用bymeansofwhich或bywhich.答案为C38.Heathasmanyeffects,______wearefamiliarwiththrougheverydayexperience.A.mostofwhichB.inwhichC.thatD.that解析：非限定性定语从句引导词，先行词为manyeffects,放入从句为Wearefamiliarwiththeseeffectsthrougheverydayexperience.或wearefamiliarwithmostftheseefftctsthrougheveryexperience.按第一种情况分析，先行词在从句中作宾语，相同意思引导词，引导词只能为which;按第二种情况分析，先行语短语结构在从句中作宾语，相关意思引导词，没有固定关系引导词，只能用随意性关系引导词mostofwhich.答案为A39.Ultra-sonicsoundis______isinaudibletohumanear.A.suchasB.thesameasC.whichD.that解析：be动词后的表语及其后从句考点，此句中若为表语从句表达时，从句少主语，引导词用连接代词补位应为what，理解时不合现实。用such作表语，其后由as引导定语从句，用thesame作表语，其后也应用as引导定语从句。其区别在于，suchas强调事物，thesameas强调其相似性。从现实角度分析，超音速的声音是人的耳朵中不见的。因此，答案为A。此题是非职高考点。41.Dieselenginesaregenerallyusedforheavy-dutywork______theweightandsizeoftheenginearenotimportant.A.whichB.whenC.whereD.that解析：限定性定语从句，先行词heavy-dutywork,放入从句为theweightandthesizeoftheenginearenotimportantduringthework.先行词短语结构在从句中时间状语。引导词用固定关系引导词when或随意性关系引导词Duringwhich.42.Amagneticfieldmayberepresentedin______manner______anelectricfield.A.such…asB.thesame…asC.such…thatD.thesame…which解析:such...as结构,或thesame....as结构，suchas强调事物，thesameas强调相似性。此题答案为B43.We’veallheardofThomasEdison,______inventedtheelectriclightandmanyotherthings.A.themanwhoB.thatC.whichD.amanwho解析：非限定性定语从句和限定性定语从句综合型考点，非限定性定语从句先行语，ThomasEdison,放入从句为ThomasEdisoninventedtheelectriclightandmanyotherthings,先行词在从句中作主语，先行词指人，只能用who。限定性定语从句，先行词为theman或aman,放入从句时在从句中也作主语，先行词指人在从句中作主语，引导词可以用who/that.theman特指，强调只有他一个人，aman泛指，侧重于表示他只是其中之一。别的可以不说，就世界公认观点来看，发明电灯的只有爱迪生一人，因此，案为A-1-