搭配

1 WITH (1)v+with (a) v+with begin, mix, agree, deal, fight, meet, play, quarrel, do, fool, reason, correspond, comply, settle, (b) v + sth (sb) + with + sth (sb) compare, provide, supply, feed, replace, combine, equip, furnish, (2)adj+with angry, strict, pleased, busy, covered, satisfied, filled, wrong, wild, crowded, connected, popular, covered, patient, annoyed, acquainted, delighted, confronted, content, friendly, identical, frank, concerned, bored, afflicted, associated, blended, burdened, comparable, consistent, disappointed, displeased, endowed, enraged, exhausted, familiar, gifted, impatient, infested, intimate, irritated, level, moved, occupied, overcome, popular, satisfied, vexed (3) n+with acquaintance, alliance, trouble, talk, chat, connection, consultation, conversation, sympathy, 2 AT (1)v+at aim, point, snatch, wonder, strike, work, look, glance, laugh, run, catch, shoot, stare, glare, thrust, smile, call, fire, tear, knock, winder, arrive, come, gasp, (2)adj+at amused, delighted, angry, good, surprised, astonished, pleased, terrified, clever, alarmed, astonished, clumsy, disgusted, impatient, quick, startled, surprised, (3)n+at knock, pull, look, glance, smile, game, astonishment, surprise, alarm, 3IN (1)v+in get, lie, turn, draw, believe, share, take, drop, give, call, hand, succeed, bring, result, trade, involve, check, count, cut, indulge, pour, participate, intervene, fill, join, confide, trust, believe, persist, consist, (b) V+sb(sth)+in help, spend (2)adj+in rich, interested, active, disappointed, engaged, busy, weak, expert, successful, absorbed, skilled, concerned, experienced, confident, employed, accurate, clothed, diligent, negligent, proficient, prompt, versed, (3)n+in interest, progress, satisfaction, faith, belief, confidence, response, pride, perseverance, harm, difficulty, pleasure, confidence, delight, 4 FROM (1)V+from (a) V + from learn, die, come, suffer, hear, fall, rise, hang, escape, date, depart, result, descend, refrain, abstain, differ, distinguish, derive, expel, conceal, judge (b) V + sth ( sb) +from + sth ( sb or a place) borrow, protect, receive, separate, keep, stop, prevent, deter, choose, remove, save, dissuade, excuse, restrain (2)adj+from different, far, tired, made, separate, absent, distinct, hidden, made, (3)n+from letter, visitor, absence, difference, protection, relief, rescue, 5 OF (1)V+of (a) V+of consist, dream, hear, tell, think, know, talk, die, speak (b) V+sb+of+sth rob, warn, inform, remind, accuse, cheat, convince, relieve, deprive, (c) V+sth+of+sb ask, beg, demand, require, (2)adj+of aware, careful, free, short, sure, certain, worthy, afraid, hopeful, proud, full, tired, made, capable, impatient, considerate, characteristic, guilty, capable, composed, jealous, ashamed, envious, ignorant, apprehensive, bare, cautious, clear, composed, conscious, descriptive, exclusive, forgetful, fond, hard, incapable, informed, innocent, made, mindful, neglectful, observant, possessed, productive, regardless, rid, sensible, sick, susceptible, weary (3) n+of quality, number, sample, choice, impression, neglect, attack, care, consideration, pleasure, doubt, way equivalence, possibility, example, 6 ON (1)v+on (a) v+on act, lean, live, work, depend, look, wait, turn, switch, pull, have, keep, call, put, push, speak, insist, push, collaborate, count, frown, reckon, speculate, figure, carry, (b) V+sb(sth)+ON+sb(sth) congratulate, spend, base, fix (2)adj+on hard, keen, dependent, based, impressed, (3)n+on book, discussion, lecture, advice, opinion, impression, attack, dependence, judgment, pity, mercy, authority 7 TO (1)v+to (a) v+to listen, stick, refer, turn, point, reply, occur, attend, see, lead, happen, come, get, write, hold, agree, belong, adapt, attribute, object, subscribe, adjust, accede, yield, resort, relate, respond, testify, succumb, (b) v+to+sb announce, describe, explain, express, mention, report, say, shout, suggest, whisper, speak, talk, nod, (c) v+sth(sb)+sth(sb) devote, compare, add, introduce, invite, leave, join, reduce, sentence, carry, take, (2)adj+to equal, opposed, true, familiar, close, near, kind, harmful, polite, rude, similar, useful, married, known, used, good, dedicated, fair, essential, parallel, related, sensible, relevant, possible, indifferent, devoted, comparable, necessary, contrary, suitable, strange, close, alike, opposite, familiar, inferior, superior, proportionate, accessory, accustomed, adapted, addicted, adequate, adjacent, afflicted, akin, alive, amenable, applicable, attentive, awake, blind, common, conductive, congenial, contiguous, contrary, corresponding, deaf, derogatory, disagreeable, displeasing, distasteful, exposed, false, fatal, grateful, hostile, important, indifferent, loyal, moved, obedient, odious, opposite, painful, partial, peculiar, pleasant, precious, preferable, precious, prior, profitable, prone, proper, relative, relevant, sacred, strange, subsequent, susceptible, thankful, troublesome, (3)n+to key, answer, visitor, end, way, solution, traitor, attention, exception, gratitude, approach 8 FOR (1)v+for (a)v+for account, beg, hope, send, look, ask, long, pay, wish, wait, leave, fight, plan, prepare, care, stand, search, answer, run, call, bargain, inquire, press, apply, provide, apologize, grieve (b)v+sb+for+sth ask, blame, forgive, pardon, pay, praise, punish, reward, thank, excuse, (2)adj+for eager, bad, good, famous, fit, suitable, ready, sorry, grateful, useful, late, responsible, proper, crucial, competent, eligible, noted, renowned, appropriate, notorious, convenient, possible, profitable, liable, necessary, anxious, bound, eligible, impatient, liable, sufficient, uncared, unfit, zealous, (3)n+for plan, need, reason, explanation, ability, affection, excuse, ambition, anxiety, reputation, consideration, necessity, talent, sympathy, cause, pretext, qualification 9 ABOUT (1)v+about quarrel, agree, consult, complain, speak, bring, think, set, care, fumble, fuss, leave, move, lie, hear, speculate, inquire, (2)adj+about happy, anxious, nervous, cautious, careful, certain, excited, particular, pleased, concerned, enthusiastic, uneasy, troubled (3)n+on concern, anxiety, opinion, question 二、 巧妙绕开生词 　　我们这里所说的巧妙绕开生词的方法和上面分析文章结构特点的思路是统一的，也就是说，只要我们从总体上把握了文章，不用认识每一个单词也能照样理解整篇文章。 1、英语文章中不是所有的词的功能都是同等的，有些词担负着传达主要信息的功能，而有些词主要起语法作用或者它所传达的信息和下文的其他信息没有联系。这类词有：表示人名，地名，机构名等专有名词。遇到这些词，只要我们能辨认出它是专有名词，就能理解文章而不必知道它的意思。比如在下面的句子中："In fact", says David Dinges, a sleep specialist at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine,"there’s even a prohibition against admitting we need sleep." 两个引号之间的部分就不必去管它。类似的还有： " We have to totally change our attitude toward napping," says Dr. William Dement of Stanford University,the godfather of sleep research. 2、我们不用弄清上面某些部分的原因是，它们的后面往往有一个同位语来解释说明它们的意思。这就引起了我们不用弄懂所有单词意思的第二个理由。也就是说如果我们对文章中的某一个单词不熟悉，我们还可以根据统一篇文章中的其他信息来帮助判断。这类信息有：同位语、下定义、解释、举例、同义词、反义词、上下义词以及标点符号（如破折号、冒号都表示解释和说明）等。 三、 抓住句子的主干 　　我们要实现快速准确理解文章除了要抓住关键句子外，还要抓住句子当中的关键成分。主要是句子的主干，如主语、谓语和宾语，因为它们是传达信息的主要载体，其他成分，不论它有多么长，多么复杂它都是辅助成分。比如在下面的句子中：Another element in the emergence of prodigies(神童),I found , is a society that values excellence in a certain field and is able nurture talent. 只要我们抓住了Element is society.就可以得知社会是神童出现的一个因素。 　　我们在今天这一讲中要说明的核心问题是，我们阅读英语文章时，一定要有一个全局观念，从宏观上来把握文章，做到了这一点，我们面对各类文章的各类题型都能够从容应对。 四、 抓住 "第三词汇" 　　语法中的功能词对理解句子十分重要，同样文章中那些起组织作用的实义词对理解文章也是非常重要的，因为掌握了它们就可以大大增强阅读理解中的预知下文的能力。我们把这些词称做 "第三词汇"（区别于仅起语法作用的功能词和一般实义词）。抓住了它们，就抓住了文章的核心意思。这类词有很多，其中最常见的有： achieve, addition, attribute, cause, change, consequence, deny, effect, explanation, fact, form, grounds, instance, kind, manner, matter, mathod, opposite, point, problem, reason, respect, result, same, situation, thing, way. 　　另外，有人认为"第三词汇"主要是一些"照应名词"，其中包括： abstraction, approach, belief, classification, doctrine, dogma, evaluation, evidence, insight, investigation, illusion, notion, opinion, position, supposition, thery, viewpoint等等。 　　还有人针对某一文章类型出一些 "第三词汇"。比如：在"问题---解决 " 文章模式中，这些 "第三词汇"就更加固定和明确。它们有： 问题：concern, difficulty, dilemma, drawback, hamper, hinder(hindrance), obstacle, problem, snag等。 反应：change, combat(v), come up with, develop, find, measure, respond, response等 解决或结果：answer, consequence, effect, outcome, result, solution, (re)solve等。 评价：（in）effect, manage, overcome, succeed, (un)successful, viable, work(v.) 　　聚集于 "主张---反主张"文章结构模式中的该类词汇有：claim, state, truth, false, in fact, in reality, believe等等。