DIN EN 12198-1-2008-en（机械安全_设备的电磁辐射的评估和降低）

November 2008DEUTSCHE NORM English price group 13No part of this standard may be reproduced without prior permission of DIN Deutsches Institut für Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany, has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen). ICS 13.110; 13.280 !$RwÇ" 1478494 www.din.de DDIN EN 12198-1 Safety of machinery – Assessment and reduction of risks arising from radiation emitted by machinery – Part 1: General principles (includes Amendment A1:2008) English version of DIN EN 12198-1:2008-11 Sicherheit von Maschinen – Bewertung und Verminderung des Risikos der von Maschinen emittierten Strahlung – Teil 1: Allgemeine Leitsätze (enthält Änderung A1:2008) Englische Fassung DIN EN 12198-1:2008-11 © Supersedes DIN EN 12198-1:2000-10 www.beuth.de Document comprises 30 pages Copyright Deutsches Institut Fur Normung E.V. Provided by IHS under license with DIN Licensee=Deere & Co Categories/9999663108, User=co, Deer Not for Resale, 06/05/2012 04:16:52 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS - - ` ` , ` , ` , , , ` ` , ` ` ` , , , ` ` ` ` ` , ` ` ` ` , ` - ` - ` , , ` , , ` , ` , , ` - - - DIN EN 12198-1:2008-11 2 Start of validity This standard takes effect on 1 November 2008. DIN EN 12198-1:2000-10 may be used in parallel until 28 December 2009. National foreword This standard includes safety requirements within the meaning of the Geräte- und Produktsicherheitsgesetz (GPSG) (German Equipment and Consumer Goods Safety Law) and in connection with European legislation (EC Machinery Directive), which has been implemented by national legislation. This standard has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 114 “Safety of Machinery” (Secretariat: DIN, Germany) in connection with the amended EC Machinery Directive. The responsible German body involved in its preparation was the Normenausschuss Sicherheitstechnische Grundsätze (Safety Design Principles Standards Committee), Section 1 Sicherheitstechnik. This standard concretizes the basic requirements set out in Annex I of the EU Machinery Directive 98/37/EC (valid until 28 December 2009) and the new EU Machinery Directive 2006/42/EC which becomes applicable on 29 December 2009 relating to machinery to be placed on the EEA market, with the intent of simplifying the means of proving conformity with such requirements. Once this standard is designated a harmonized standard in the Official Journal of the European Union, a manufacturer applying this standard may assume compliance with the requirements of the Machinery Directive (the so-called “presumption of conformity”). Amendments This standard differs from DIN EN 12198-1:2000-10 as follows: a) The French title (main element) has been corrected. b) Inclusion of Annex ZB (informative) “Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC”. Previous editions DIN EN 12198-1: 2000-10 Copyright Deutsches Institut Fur Normung E.V. Provided by IHS under license with DIN Licensee=Deere & Co Categories/9999663108, User=co, Deer Not for Resale, 06/05/2012 04:16:52 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS - - ` ` , ` , ` , , , ` ` , ` ` ` , , , ` ` ` ` ` , ` ` ` ` , ` - ` - ` , , ` , , ` , ` , , ` - - - EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM EN 12198-1:2000+A1 September 2008 ICS 13.110; 13.280 Supersedes EN 12198-1:2000 English Version Safety of machinery - Assessment and reduction of risks arising from radiation emitted by machinery - Part 1: General principles Sécurité des machines - Estimation et réduction des risques engendrés par les rayonnements émis par les machines - Partie 1: Principes généraux Sicherheit von Maschinen - Bewertung und Verminderung des Risikos der von Maschinen emittierten Strahlung - Teil 1: Allgemeine Leitsätze This European Standard was approved by CEN on 25 May 2000 and includes Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 27 July 2008. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION C O M I T É E U R O P É E N D E N O R M A L I S A T I O N E U R O P Ä I S C H E S K O M I T E E F Ü R N O R M U N G Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels © 2008 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 12198-1:2000+A1:2008: E Copyright Deutsches Institut Fur Normung E.V. Provided by IHS under license with DIN Licensee=Deere & Co Categories/9999663108, User=co, Deer Not for Resale, 06/05/2012 04:16:52 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS - - ` ` , ` , ` , , , ` ` , ` ` ` , , , ` ` ` ` ` , ` ` ` ` , ` - ` - ` , , ` , , ` , ` , , ` - - - EN 12198-1:2000+A1:2008 (E) 2 Foreword......................................................................................................................................................................3 1 Scope ..............................................................................................................................................................5 2 Normative references ....................................................................................................................................5 3 Definitions ......................................................................................................................................................6 4 Classification of radiation emissions ..........................................................................................................6 4.1 Classification of radiation by frequency and wavelength .........................................................................6 4.2 Characteristics of radiation emissions .......................................................................................................7 5 General procedure.........................................................................................................................................7 6 Risk assessment............................................................................................................................................8 6.1 General............................................................................................................................................................8 6.2 Procedure for the risk assessment..............................................................................................................8 7 Requirements .................................................................................................................................................9 7.1 Classification of machines due to radiation emission levels ...................................................................9 7.2 Design requirements ...................................................................................................................................10 8 Protective measures for the elimination or reduction of the risks due to radiation emission............10 8.1 Principles......................................................................................................................................................10 8.2 Choice of the appropriate measures .........................................................................................................11 8.3 Protective measures against secondary hazards ....................................................................................11 9 Verification of compliance with requirements..........................................................................................11 10 Information for use and maintenance........................................................................................................12 10.1 Information for use ......................................................................................................................................12 10.2 Information for maintenance ......................................................................................................................12 11 Marking .........................................................................................................................................................13 12 Signals and warning devices......................................................................................................................15 Annex A (normative) Stages in the "life" of a machine.........................................................................................16 Annex B (normative) Correlation between the level of radiation emission and the radiation emission category ........................................................................................................................................................17 Annex C (informative) Examples of measures for the elimination or reduction of exposure to radiation ......25 Annex ZA (informative) !Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 98/37/EC"...............................................................................................27 Annex ZB (informative) !Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC"...........................................................................................28 Contents Page DIN EN 12198-1:2008-11 Copyright Deutsches Institut Fur Normung E.V. Provided by IHS under license with DIN Licensee=Deere & Co Categories/9999663108, User=co, Deer Not for Resale, 06/05/2012 04:16:52 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS - - ` ` , ` , ` , , , ` ` , ` ` ` , , , ` ` ` ` ` , ` ` ` ` , ` - ` - ` , , ` , , ` , ` , , ` - - - EN 12198-1:2000+A1:2008 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 12198-1:2000+A1:2008) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 114 "Safety of machinery", the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by March 2009, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2009. This document includes Amendment 1, approved by CEN on 2008-07-27. This document supersedes EN 12198-1:2000. The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags ! ". This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EC Directive(s). !For relationship with EC Directive(s), see informative Annexes ZA and ZB, which are integral parts of this document." This European Standard deals with the essential requirement "Radiation" (see EN 292-2, Annex A, paragraph 1.5.10). The annexes A and B are normative, and the annex C is informative. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. DIN EN 12198-1:2008-11 Copyright Deutsches Institut Fur Normung E.V. Provided by IHS under license with DIN Licensee=Deere & Co Categories/9999663108, User=co, Deer Not for Resale, 06/05/2012 04:16:52 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS - - ` ` , ` , ` , , , ` ` , ` ` ` , , , ` ` ` ` ` , ` ` ` ` , ` - ` - ` , , ` , , ` , ` , , ` - - - EN 12198-1:2000+A1:2008 (E) 4 Introduction Machinery supplied by electrical power or containing radiation sources may emit radiation or generate electric and/or magnetic fields. The radiation emissions and fields will vary in frequency and magnitude. The European Machinery Directive requires precautions to avoid or reduce risks caused by the emission of radiation from a machine. Machinery must be so designed and constructed that any emission of radiation is limited to the extent necessary for its operation and that the effects on exposed persons are non-existent or reduced to non-dangerous proportions (EN 292-2:1991/A1:1995). To assess the risk of injury caused by radiation emissions and fields from a machine it is necessary to know the type of radiation emission, the level of the emission and the intensity of this emission with respect to possible adverse health effects. This European Standard is intended to give manufacturers and type C-standards makers advice on how to identify radiation emissions from machinery, how to decide on their magnitude and significance, how to assess the risks and what means could be used to avoid or reduce the radiation emissions from machines. This European Standard reflects the general principles for the identification and the assessment of radiation emission by machinery. Details of the measurement of the radiation emission will be given in part 2 of this standard. Part 3 of this standard will contain details of protective measures for avoiding or reducing radiation exposure of persons by reducing emissions and requiring the provision of information. Radiation emitted by machinery may be intended for processing or may occur unintentionally. Clause 7 of this standard requires, that the manufacturer shall assign the machine to a design radiation emission category. For undesirable radiation emission the emission level should be reduced to values corresponding to category 0. Functional radiation emission shall be limited to the necessary degree for the operation of the machine. The remaining emission levels shall be assessed and an emission category shall be determined. If necessary protective measures will have to be applied. This European Standard is a standard of B1-type in a series of standards for the safety of machinery. DIN EN 12198-1:2008-11 Copyright Deutsches Institut Fur Normung E.V. Provided by IHS under license with DIN Licensee=Deere & Co Categories/9999663108, User=co, Deer Not for Resale, 06/05/2012 04:16:52 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS - - ` ` , ` , ` , , , ` ` , ` ` ` , , , ` ` ` ` ` , ` ` ` ` , ` - ` - ` , , ` , , ` , ` , , ` - - - EN 12198-1:2000+A1:2008 (E) 5 1 Scope This standard deals with the emission of radiation from machinery. This European Standard gives advice to manufacturers for the construction of safe machinery, if no relevant C-type standard exists. This radiation emission may be functional for processing or may be undesirable. The issues of electromagnetic compatibility are not addressed in the standard. This European Standard is intended to give advice to C-type standardization groups, on how to identify radiation emissions or fields1, how to determine their significance and intensity, how to assess the possible risks and what means may be used to avoid or reduce radiation emissions. This advice should be elaborated in C-type standards for specific classes of machines as assessable requirements. This standard deals with the emission of all types of electromagnetic non-ionizing radiation. Ionizing radiation may be dealt with in other documents or in the future revisions. This standard does not deal with the emission of laser radiation. Radiation sources fixed to a machine which are used only for lighting are excluded from the scope of this standard. This standard applies to machinery as defined in clause 3.1 of EN 292-1:1991. 2 Normative references This European Standard is incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies. EN 292-1:1991, Safety of machinery - Basic concepts, general principles for design - Part 1: Basic terminology, methodology EN 292-2:1991 + A1:1995, Safety of machinery - Basic concepts, general principles for design – Part 2: Technical principles and specifications (and Amendment A1:1995) EN 1050, Safety of machinery - Principles for risk assessment EN 1070, Safety of machinery – Terminology EN 50082-1, Electromagnetic compatibility – Generic immunity standard – Part 1: Residential, commercial and light industry EN 61000-6-2, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 6-2: Generic standards – Immunity for industrial environments (IEC 61000-6-2:1999) !EN 12198-2:2002", Safety of machinery – Assessment and reduction of risks arising from radiation emitted by machinery – Part 2: Radiation emission measurement procedure 1 In the rest of the present document, the generic term "radiation" covers either the different types of radiation emitted by a machine (i.e. optical radiation), or fields (i.e. electromagnetic and/or magnetic fields) or waves (i.e. electromagnetic waves). DIN EN 12198-1:2008-11 Copyright Deutsches Institut Fur Normung E.V. Provided by IHS under license with DIN Licensee=Deere & Co Categories/9999663108, User=co, Deer Not for Resale, 06/05/2012 04:16:52 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS --``,`,`,,,``,```,,,`````,````,`-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`--- EN 12198-1:2000+A1:2008 (E) 6 !EN 12198-3:2002", Safety of machinery – Assessment and reduction of risks arising from radiation emitted by machinery – Part 3: Reduction of radiation by attenuation or screening IEC 60050-845, International electrotechnical vocabulary ; chapter 845: Lighting 3 Definitions For the purposes of this European Standard, the following definitions apply in addition to the definitions given in EN 1070, and in IEC 60050-845: 3.1 functional radiation emission emission of radiation by a machine needed for its function in the process area NOTE An example of functional radiation emission is a radiation beam used for thickness gauging. 3.2 undesirable radiation emission all radiation emissions, other than functional radiation emissions emitted to any points outside the process area NOTE An example of an undesirable radiation emission is the leakage radiation from a printing machine, in which the printing inks are cured by ultraviolet radiation. 3.3 trivial radiation emission radiation emissions and fields, the intensity