第02章 消色差雙合透鏡

????????? I ??? ??????? 2-1 ??? ???????(The Achromatic Doublet) ?????????????????????? F ?????? Fa ? a ???????????????? V ?? Va???? Fb? b ???????? ???Kingslake, 1978, P.80?????? ( ) a ba V FVV -=aF ?? b ab V FVV Fa )( -= ????? G ?????Smith, 1966, P.281; Ingalls, 1953, P.208????? ??????????????????????????????????? ??????? ?????Va, Na, Vb, Nb???????? F????????? Fa ? Fb )1( 1 - = aa NF C a , )1( 1 - = bb NF C b ( )( ) ( ) ( ) FCbGCaGCbGH bab /788 22 --= 4/)5( aCaGI = 4/)5( bCbGK = 2233 /)6(/)3()1()1( FCbGFCbGCbGCaGA bbba +-+= 2)2( aCaGB -= , aCaGE )4(= , bCbJ )64(= FCbGCbGD bb /)5()2( 2 -= , KDKJHHAP /)/( -+= KDKJHIBQ /)/2( -+= , 2)/( KIJER += PRQ 42 -=? ?????? R Q C 21 ?+-= ?King, 1993? KICHC /)( 14 +-= , aCCC -= 12 , 43 CCC b += ????????? aG1 ? a ??? G1 ??? bG8 ? b ??? G8 ??? ?????[? Smith?1966?]?????? 2/)1(8 -= NNG ??? 1C , 2C , 3C , ? 4C ?????? ????????????????????????????????? ?????????? ?????????? 10 ??????????????? 8~14mm?? ????????????????BK-7 ? SF-2 ???Bak-4 ? F-3?BAK-1 ? SF-8???????? 2CaF ???? UV ??????????????? ????3.2-4.2?m????-?????????? IRTRAN2-IRTRAN1 ??? ?? ????????? I ??? ??????? 2-2 (a) (b) ? 2-1 (a)?? 48 ??????? (b) ?? MTF ????????? I ??? ??????? 2-3 ?????????? 48 ?????????? 1.5?? 8/f ?????? ????????? 2-1?????????? 2-1? ? 2-1 ?? 48 ??????? ??????????????? 48.646? ? 2-2 ???????????? 6/f ???? 20 ?????? 15??? ??????? ? 2-2 ???????? ??????????????? 20.386? ???????????????????????????????? ???????(sagittal)? MTF ????(tangential)?????????? ??????????????????????????????????? ?????? Petzval??????Rp??????????? NF?????????? ??Rp=1.45F??????????????????????? 0.48 ???? ???????????????????????? Barlow???Ingalls, 1953???????? -10 ??????????????? 2-1 ??????? ??????????????????????????????????? ???????å ViiPi /f ??????? if ????????????? ?Knetsch, 1970?? cf e NN N Vi - -= 1 ?? cf ef NN NN Pi - - = ????????? I ??? ??????? 2-4 (a) (b) ? 2-2 (a) ???????? (b) ?? MTF ????????? I ??? ??????? 2-5 (a) (b) ? 2-3 (a)????????? (b) ?? MTF ????????? I ??? ??????? 2-6 ? 2-3 ?????????????????????????? ? 2-3 ????????? ???????????? 20.519????????????????? 2-2 ????????? 6/f ???? 20 ?????? 1.5???????? 2-3a?? MTF ?? 2-3b??????????/7400????????? MTF? ???? MTF ???????????????????? ???? Hastings, C. S.?1889?. Telescope objective, U.S. Patent 415040. Hopkins, R. E.?1955?. Automatic design of telescope objectives, JOSA, 45:992. Ingalls, A. G.?Ed.?.?1953?. Amateur Telescope Making, Book 3, Scientific American, New York. King, S.?1993?. Personal correspondence. I would like to thank him for pointing out a subtle error in the previous edition. Kingslake, R.?1978?. Lens Design Fundamentals, Academic, New York. Knetsch, G.?1970?.Three lens objective with good correction of the secondary spectrum, U.S. Patent 3536379. Kutsenko, N. I.?1975?. The calculation of thin three lens cemented components, Sov. J. Opt. Tech., 45:82. Lessing, N. W.?1957?. Selection of optical glasses in apochromats, JOSA, 47:955. Reidl, M.?1981?. The thin achromat, Electro-Opt. Syst. Design, Sept. 1981:49. Smith, W.?1966?. Modern Optical Engineering, McGraw-Hill New York. Uberhagen, F.?1970?. Doublet which is partially corrected spherically, U.S. Patent 3511558.