初中虚拟语气

nullnullGrammar —the Subjunctive Mood null英语动词有三种语气: 陈述语气，祈使语气和虚拟语气 陈述语气：用来示所说的话是事实或提出疑问，广泛用语陈述句，疑问句和感叹句。 祈使语气：表示所说的话是请求，命令，指示或劝告等。null虚拟语气：表示说话人的所说的话不是事实， 一种假设、猜测、怀疑等(在条件从句中或让步状语从句中)； 一种表示说话人的愿望、要求、命令、建议等 (在宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句)。null陈述语气 Eg : We met in this room . 祈使语气 Do come to the meeting next Friday . 虚拟语气 If I were you , I would study hard . null一：虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法.条件句有真实条件句和非真实条件句两种。 真实条件句所表的假设是可能发生或实现的,是与事实相符的。 非真实条件句所表的假设则是不可能或不大可能发生或实现的， 与事实相反的情况。 If it is fine tomorrow, I will go to visit my grandma. If I were a bird, I would fly to America. null1、 真实条件句：用于陈述语气，假设的情况可能发生，其中 if 是如果的意思。 时态关系：主将从现 主情从现 主祈从现 If he comes, he will bring his violin. If he wants to go to university, he must study hard. If it rains tomorrow, please don’t come . null 　一、虚拟语气在非真实条件句中虚拟条件句 主句If+主语+过去式 （be用were)If+主语+had + 过去分词 If+主语+过去式（be用were) If+主语+were to+ 动词原形 If+主语+should +动词原形 主语＋would＋动词原形 (should/could/might)主语＋would＋动词原形 (should/could/might)现在事实相反1. If I had time, I would go for a walk. (事实上我现在没有时间，不能去散步．） 2. If I were invited, I would go to the dinner. （事实上没有人邀请我，我也不能去参加宴会．） 3.If I had a million dollars, I would put it in the bank. （事实上我没有一百万美圆，也不可能存在银行．）现在事实相反nullI would buy an expensive car. I would buy a villa. I would travel around the world. If I won the lottery,现在事实相反null1. If I had enough money, I would travel around the world. 2. If I were you, I would give AIDS patient a hug.A 与现在事实相反3 If they were here, they would help you. 4 They would help you if they were here.nullIf I ____________time last night (have,go), I _____________ to see the film with you .had hadwould have goneB 与过去事实相反If he________ more carefully, he _____________ the car accident yesterday.had driven (drive) would not have had (h ave)nullIf I had taken your advice, I wouldn’t have made a mistake. 2. If he had been there, it wouldn’t have happened. 3 If she had seen you yesterday ,she would have asked you about it . 要是她昨天看到你，她就要向你问起这件事 。 4 If you had taken my advice，you wouldn't (couldn’t) have failed in the exam. 如果你按照我的建议去做，你一定不会(不可能)考试不及格。与过去事实相反null I ________ a party for you . should get If you____________ ____________ ____________gotWere to get a full mark next time,C 与 将来事实相反would hold null1 If it were Sunday tomorrow, I should /(would) go to see my grandmother. 如果明天是星期天，我就 (可能)去看望我奶 奶。 2 If it were to snow this evening, they would not go out. 如果今晚下雪，他们将不出去了。C 与将来事实相反3 If you succeeded, everything would be all right. 4 If you were to succeed, everything would be all right. nullIf I were you, I would give AIDS patient a hug. If I had taken your advice, I wouldn’t have made a mistake. If it rained tomorrow, they wouldn’t go for an outing. 现在事实相反与过去事实相反与将来事实相反null要是你早来几分钟的话，你就能见到他了。If you had come a few minutes earlier, you would have met him.明天要是天气好的话，我来看你。If it were sunny tomorrow, I would come to see you.假如我是你的话，我会马上走。与现在事实相反If I were you, I would go at once. 与过去事实相反与将来事实可能相反null A．用所给动词的适当形式填空 1. If I _________(find) a purse, I __________(give) it to the police. 2. If I ______(be) a bird, I ___________(fly) in the blue sky. 3. If you _______(have) something important, you _________( can go) now. 4. If I ________(be) you, I _____________(choose) this one. nullPRACTICE 1: Fill in the blanks. a. If they ______ (be) here,they __________ (take) your advice. b. If the world-war ___________ (break) out again,what ________________ (happen) to our people on earth? c. If the policeman _____________ (be not) in that room now, it ________________ (be) very dangerous. d. If I _______ (be) in your position,I _____________(ask) for teacher’s help.werewould takebrokewould happenwere notcould bewerewould asknull PRACTICE 2: Fill in the blanks e. If Tom __ (be) more careful in the exam, he _________ __ (pass) it already. f. If you (get) up earlier, you _______ __ (catch) the first train. g. If I ____ (meet) you yesterday, we ________ _______ (go) to the concert together.had beenwould have passedhad gotwould have caughthad metwould have gonenull 二、虚拟语气用于宾语从句中 Wish 的宾语从句现在： 过去： 未来：过去时（were）过去完成时would/could/might+V. I wish I were a bird I wish I hadn’t made such a mistake We wish our parents wouldn’t punish us. I wish I ____(be)as tall as you.I wish I ____(be)as tall as you.wereI wish every day ____(be)my birthday.I wish every day ____(be)my birthday.werenullI wish I _________ (eat) so much watermelon.hadn’t eaten用于宾语从句用于宾语从句nullI wish I were as tall as you. I wish I became as famous as Yao Ming. I wish I were a bird. I wish I could fly like a bird. I wish every day were my birthday.nullHe wish he hadn’t eaten so much watermelon. I wish the lunch time would come soon. I wish it would rain tomorrow. nullPractice 1 He is not a pilot, but he wishes he______ (be). 2.I wish I ___________(meet) him yesterday. 3.I wish it __________(be) fine tomorrow. 4.A: You have made some mistakes. B: I wish I ____mistakes every day. don’t make B. haven’t made C. wouldn’t make D. didn’t make werehad metwould benull判断是否虚拟2. 判断虚拟类型3. 判断虚拟时间