六级词汇

null六级词汇 A六级词汇 A1. abbreviation （abbr.） n.节略，缩写，缩短 abide (by) vt.遵守,忍受 can't abide sb/sth :If you can't abide someone or something, you dislike them very much I can't abide her. He couldn't abide laziness. abide (by)遵守 Competitors must abide by the judge's decision. 2. abolish vt.废除，取消 The American government abolished slavery 1863. Cf. cancel v. 取消，把……作废；删除 Abolish 强调废除、法令、风俗等，比较正式；cancel多指取消已安排或的计划、会议等。 The meeting has been cancelled. 3.absent a.1）[表语]（from）缺席，不在；2）不在意的；3）［定语］心不在焉的 absent-minded 心不在焉 Cf. present a. [at] 出席，在场 Be present at the meeting Be absent from the meetingnull absorption n.吸收；专注 abstract a.理论上的 n.抽象，摘要;v.写摘要/梗概 cf. concrete a. 具体的， 实在的； n. 水泥，具体物，凝结物； They think she killed her husband, but they've no concrete evidence. We've got a general idea of what we want, but nothing concrete at the moment. absurd a.不合理的，荒唐的 同义词：cock-and-bull；ridiculous abundance n.丰富，充裕 be abundant/rich in sth...丰富，富于...; an abundance of大量的，丰富的，其后可以接可数或不可数名词，但是总体是当一个可数单数形式使用; The tree yields an abundance of fruit. 这树结果甚多. in abundance丰富，充裕: But today the delectable(=delicious) seafood is no longer available in abundance. 但是今天这种可口的海味已不再大量存在. null accessory n.同谋；配件，附件 a.附属的 She wore a green wool suit with matching accessories (= shoes, hat, bag, etc.). Sunglasses are much more than a fashion accessory. Accessories for the top-of-the-range car include leather upholstery, a CD player, electric windows and a sunroof. accord n.调和，符合；协议vt.使一致，给予；vi.符合， according to/ accordingly adv. 因此，于是 acknowledge vt.承认；告知收到；答谢 [+ -ing verb] She acknowledged having been at fault. [+ that ] She acknowledged that she had been at fault. You must acknowledge the truth of her argument. Historians generally acknowledge her as a genius in her field. null acquaint vt.使认识，使了解 acquaint有两个例句 I have acquainted myself with their customs. I have been acquainted with their customs. make the acquaintance of sb= make sb’s acquaintance主要表示结识 I made his acquaintance two years ago. adhere vi.(to)粘附；追随；坚持 A smooth, dry surface helps the tiles adhere to the wall. She adhered to her principles/ideals throughout her life. They failed to adhere to the terms of the agreement/treaty. The translator has obviously adhered very strictly to the original text. adjacent a.毗连的；紧接着的 They work in adjacent buildings. They lived in a house adjacent to the railway. adjoin vt.贴近，毗连；靠近 adjourn to somewhere 休息，换地方，改在另一时间 adjoining a. near, next to, or touching We asked for adjoining rooms. null adjustable a.可调整的，可校准的 administration n.局(或署、处等) an administration organ 行政机关 Teachers complain that more of their time is taken up with administration than with teaching. She has little experience in administration (= in organizing a business, etc.). administrative a. adoption n.收养；采纳，采取 cf. adaption n. 适应，改编本； adapt to adore vt.崇拜；很喜欢 She has one son and she adores him. I absolutely adore chocolate. [+ -ing verb] Don't you just adore lying in a hot bath? Cf. worship vi. vt. n.崇拜, 礼拜，拜神 idol(= image) n. 偶像; idolize vt.崇拜 advocate n.辩护者 vt.拥护 [+ -ing verb] She advocates taking a more long-term view. He advocates the return of capital punishment. nullaerial a.空气的；航空的 aerospace n.航空和宇宙航行空间 aerocraft 飞机，飞行器 aero plane(=airplane) n. 飞机 agitation n.（ for/against）鼓动，煸动；搅动 agitation against the big department stores 煽动反对大百货公司 women leading the agitation for equal rights 为争取男女平等而带头辩论的妇女们. alert a.警惕的；活跃的 I'm not feeling very alert today - not enough sleep last night! Parents should be alert to sudden changes in children's behavior. The public were warned to be on the alert for (= watching carefully for) suspicious packages. nullally n.盟国，同盟者，伙伴 vi & vt. 结盟，联合，使联合 alliance n. 联盟，联合，联姻 alien a.外国的 n.外国人 allied a.联合的；联姻的 be alien to 与...不相容，与性质不同 Cruelty was quite alien to his nature/to him. 残忍的行为与他的本性格格不入. allowance n津贴，补助费 vt. 定量供应 make allowance (s) for=allow for考虑到，顾及，体谅，原谅 You should make allowance for his youth= You should allow for his youth. alongside prep.在…旁边 (cf. along with ) A car pulled up alongside (ours). The new pill will be used alongside existing medicines. Most of the staff refused to work alongside the new team. advantage have an advantage over胜过，优于:A man who can think will always have an advantage over others. 能动脑子的人总是会胜过别人. take advantage of因利乘便，趁...之机，利用 a person who is gullible and easy to take advantage of . 易受骗并且容易利用的人. nulladventure是一个名词，主要指一些使人心振奋，寻求刺激性的冒险; Cf. venture是动词也是名词，主要指生命危险或经济风险;the business venture Nothing venture, nothing gain不入虎穴，焉得虎子 be angry with sb生某人的气; be angry at/about sth 因某事生气; be angry生气(状态); get angry发怒(动作) anger 动词&名词，in anger He hit the boy in anger.他生气而揍了这小子. alteration n.变更，改变；蚀变 The house needed extensive alterations when we moved in. Some alterations to our original plans might be necessary. alternate vt.使交替 a.交替的 alternately轮流地; alternatively，另一方面，要不然 It may have been because of the weather, or alternatively it may have been the result of indigestion alternative a. 供选择的，选择性的，交替的 n. 二选一 I'm afraid I have no alternative but to ask you to leave. amateur a.业余的n.业余爱好者 professional n.nullanswer for对...负有责任 You must answer for her safety. Cf. swear的过去式，过去分词是swore，sworn，其在做宣誓; 发誓的时候使用swear to... He swore to keep the secret. Swear在做诅咒，咒骂的时候，使用 swear at... She swore at the boy. ambassador n.大使，使节 embassy n. (ambassy)大使馆，大使馆全体人员 ambient a.周围的，包围着的 n. 周围环境 ambiguous a.模棱两可的；分歧的 ambitious a.有雄心的；热望的 an ambitious young lawyer He's very ambitious for his children (= He wants them to be successful). ample a.足够的；宽敞的 amplitude n.广大；充足；振幅 nullanybody n.重要人物 ；somebody重要人物; 大人物；反义词 nobody big banana 反义词 small potato apparent a.显然的 apparently adv. appendix n.附录，附属物；阑尾 applaud vt.喝彩；欢呼vi.欢呼 She was applauded for a full five minutes after her speech applause n.喝彩；夸奖，称赞 apt a.恰当的；聪明的 She's in her eighties now and apt to be a bit forgetful. We have some particularly apt students in the class this year. 表示“倾向于”有两种，第一种是经常性倾向be apt to/be inclined to/tends to 另一种是偶然或者特殊情况下的倾向 be likely to do nullascend vi.攀登，登高；追溯 They slowly ascended the steep path up the mountain He eventually ascended to the position of chief executive. ascend the throne 反义词 descend descendant n. 后裔，子孙；a. 祖传的，下降的 ascertain vt.查明，确定，弄清 ascribe vt.把…归于 ascribe sth to sth To what do you ascribe your phenomenal success? ashore ad.在岸上，上岸 assassinate vt.暗杀，行刺；中伤 assassination n. assault vt.袭击；殴打 n.攻击；征服 an assault on a police officer They launched an assault on the capital yesterday. She died heroically during an assault on the world's second-highest mountain. nullattendance n.到场；出席人数 Attendance at lectures is compulsory. Attendances at church are falling. attendant n.侍者；护理人员 audience n.正式会见；拜会；听众，观众（用large & small修饰） She lectures to audiences all over the world. The audience was/were clearly delighted with the performance. avail vt.有益于 n.效用 We tried to persuade her not to resign, but to no avail (= did not succeed). My attempts to improve the situation were of little/no avail. available a.(表语或后置定语)空闲的，有效的，可利用的，可得的 availability n.有效(性)；可得性 axial a.轴的；轴向的 axis n.轴，轴线；第二颈椎；轴心国 以-is结尾的名词，通常将-is改变为-es。 读音变化：尾音[is]改读[i:z]。 例：axis→axes; basis→bases; naris→nares鼻孔; hypothesis→hypotheses; restis→restes绳状体 axle n.(轮)轴，车轴，心棒 nullauthorize: vt. give approval or permission for (sth.); give authority toThe government authorized the publication of this book. I have authorized him to act for me during my absence. The director authorized us to work in the laboratory. author n.创造者，创始人，作家，作者 authority n. B B bacterium n.[sing.]细菌；拳击迷 [pl.]bacteria 以-um结尾的名词，将-um改变为-a。 读音变化：去掉鼻尾音[m]。 例：forum→fora; stadium→stadia; medium →media aquarium→aquaria水族馆，养鱼池，玻璃缸; datum→data; vacuum→vacua吸尘器 badge n.徽章，像章；标志 v.授予徽章 baffle vt.使挫折，做徒劳的挣扎 n.迷惑 She was completely baffled by his strange behavior. bafflement n. baffling adj. I found what he was saying completely baffling. bait n.饵；引诱物 balcony n.阳台；楼厅，楼座 [同] terrace, gallery bald a.秃头的；无毛的 Cf. bold a. 大胆的，英勇的/ 黑体字null ballet ['bælei, bæ'lei] n.芭蕾舞；舞剧 bankrupt a.破产的 vt.使破产 n. 破产者 He went bankrupt after only a year in business. The recession has led to many small businesses going bankrupt. I shall go bankrupt if you children keep on asking for more pocket money! He believes that modern society is morally bankrupt. He was declared a bankrupt in 1991. Cf. corrupt a. 1）腐败的，贪污的，堕落的 （dishonestly using your position or power to your own advantage, especially for money） Both companies are under investigation for corrupt practices. The whole system was corrupt - every official she approached wanted money before helping her. 2）morally bad a corrupt society banquet ['bæŋkwit] n.宴会，盛会，酒席(有特定主的)（=feast, dinner party） barren [‘bærən] a.贫瘠的；不生育的 （对比： fertile） We drove through a barren, rocky landscape. She became very depressed during the barren years when she was unable to paint.nullbattery n.炮兵连；兵器群；蓄电池 bazaar [bə‘zɑ:] n.集市，廉价商店 Cf. fair adj. 公平的；美丽的，白皙的；晴朗的 adv. 公平地；清楚地；直接地 vi. 转晴 n. 展览会；市集；美人 bead n.有孔小珠；露珠(dew) 珠子；念珠；串珠 vi. 形成珠状，起泡 vt. 用珠装饰；使成串珠状 Cf. billiard 桌球，台球(snooker ['snu:kə] ) beam vi.发光，发热；照射；堆满笑容 n. 横梁；光线；电波；船宽；[计量] 秤杆 a beam of light bestow [bi‘stəu] vt.把…赠与；授予；使用；放置；留宿 The Chancellorship of the University was bestowed upon her in 1992. The George Cross is a decoration that is bestowed on British civilians for acts of great bravery. nullbeware vt.&vi.谨防，当心 Beware salespeople who promise offers that seem too good to be true. You should beware of undercooked food when staying in hot countries. Cf. aware adj. 知道的；意识到的；有…方面知识的；懂世故的 [+ that ] I wasn't even aware that he was ill. Were you aware of the risks at the time? She was well (= very) aware that he was married. I suddenly became aware of (= started to notice) him looking at me. awareness [ə‘wɛənis] n.意识，认识；明白，知道 bewilder [bi‘wildə] vt.迷惑，把…弄糊涂 ;使不知所措 The instructions completely bewildered me. Arriving in a strange city at night, I felt alone and bewildered. bewildering a. He gave me directions to his house, but I found them utterly bewildering. The college offers a bewildering range of courses. nullbid vt.命令 vi.报价;投标 The communications group has shown an interest in bidding for the company. A foreign collector has bid £500 000 for the portrait. Paris is bidding to host the next Olympics The Bible, in bidding us to feed the hungry and clothe the naked, said nothing about color.(U2B3) bleach vt.漂白 vi.变白 blush [blʌʃ] vi.脸红，害臊 n.脸红 I always blush when I speak in public. I blush to think of what a fool I made of myself. A blush of shame crept up his face. Cf. flush v.使激动，面红；用水冲洗，n. 激动，洋溢，旺盛 bourgeois[‘buəʒwɑ:, buə’ʒwɑ:] n. 资本家；中产阶级的人；追求物质享受和社会地位者 adj. 资产阶级的；中产阶级的；贪图享受的；小资 It's a bit bourgeois, isn't it, joining a golf club? boycott [‘bɔikɔt] vt.&n.联合抵制；拒绝参加null bribe n.贿赂 vt.向…行贿 bribery n.[法律]贿赂 bridegroom n.新郎 （bride+groom） CAPABILITY & CAPACITYCAPABILITY & CAPACITYcapable +of 有能力 capability of/for He is a man of great capability.他是个大有作为的人 capacity:指接受上，理解上的能力 He has great capacity of learning language. CURE AND TREATCURE AND TREATcure sb of a disease---治愈某人的疾病 You'll never cure him of his meanness; it's in his bones. 你决不可能治好他那小气的毛病，他本性就是如此. Treat sb for a disease---治疗某人的病 When I treat a patient for pneumonia. 要是我将一个病人作为肺炎患者来治疗. CIRCUMSTANCECircumstance[复数]表示境遇，经济情况; get to know the circumstance了解情况 under the circumstances在此情况下，既然如此; under no circumstances在任何情况下都不; 用于句首的时候主语和谓语中的助动词都要倒装CIRCUMSTANCECOMBAT; COUNSELCOMBAT; COUNSELcombat是一个及物动词，battle是名词也是动词，但是是一个不及物动词;所以A combat B=A battle with B Counsel既是名词也是动词，较advice更为正式，不过两者都是不可数名词; Give/offer counsel提出忠告; He counseled starting earlier. CAUTIOUS & CAUTIONbe cautious of/about表示”注意，小心”语气比careful强烈; He is cautious of telling secrets.=He is cautious not to tell secrets. Caution既是动词也是名词; take caution against:提防; caution sb against doing sth=caution sb not to do sth警告某人别做某事 Take precaution against预防 To take severe precaution against smuggling 严防偷漏 CAUTIOUS & CAUTIONCHANGE & EXCHANGECHANGE & EXCHANGEchange sth into sth---将...变成... change sth for…以...换... in exchange for以…交换... To give money in exchange for goods or services. 付款为商品或服务而付款 exchange…for…--以...换取... exchange…with sb for sth. 和(某人)换...CHOOSECHOOSEpick and choose挑挑捡捡 Don't pick and choose, but take what's given to you. Choose to do情愿做... I choose to learn from it. 我选择从中吸取教训. have no choice but(to do)---除...外别无他法，不得不 If you press too hard, they would have no choice but to apply for bankruptcy. 你逼急了，它就只好破产 civil servants文职人员; urban城市的---urbane有礼貌的，文雅的; rural乡村的---rustic土气的，粗俗的CLAIM, EXCLAIM & PROCLAIMCLAIM, EXCLAIM & PROCLAIMclaim既是名词也是动词 It is claimed that…有人说，据说，据称 It is claimed that more petroleum may be preserved in stratigraphy than in structural traps. 有人主张，地层圈闭也许比构造圈闭存有更多的石油. exclaim大声说出 exclaim against injustice鸣不平 Widows exclaim loudly against second marriages.寡妇们大声非议再婚 Proclaim及物动词，其主语只能是权力机关或政府领导 proclaim war宣战; proclaim a law宣布法律CLEAN AND CLEARclean还可以做副词意思是”一干二净地，完全地”; Sorry, I clean forgot. cleanly意思是”清洁地，干净利落地” clear还有批准的意思，clearance名词,批准; 清仓处理 The plane tool off as soon as it was cleared.=The plane took off as soon as it got clearance. get clearance (for sth)---(为...)获得许可，批准 They got clearance for their plan and started to reclaim valuable raw materials from industrial waste water. 计划得到批准，他们开始从工业废水中回收有价值的原料. Analyze the situation with clarity透彻地形式 CLEAN AND CLEARCONCLUDE, INCLUDE & EXCLUDEconclude除了表示做出结论和推论出以外，还可以表示 “结束，完结);缔结，协定” Conclude (a) peace---缔结合约; conclude a meeting=close a meeting; The film closed/concluded with the heroine’s death. in conclusion最后，总之 In conclusion he wished us very success in our work. 最后，他祝我们工作顺利. exclusive of=excluding不计...在内 exclusive of all other expenses 除去其它一切费用不算 exclusive to为...所独享，独有 ATM popularized the concept of QoS, but it is not exclusive to ATM. ATM(异步传输模式)使QoS概念广为人知，但它不是ATM专有的.CONCLUDE, INCLUDE & EXCLUDECOMMUNICATE & IMMUNECOMMUNICATE & IMMUNE communicate a disease to others传播疾病 Immune 形容词，其有两个意思，在表示”免疫的，有免疫力的”时候，其后加to，在表示”免除的，豁免的”的时候，其后加from be immune to the disease; be immune from taxation immunize表示”使免疫” Vaccination（接种） immunizes people against smallpox（天花）.ACCOMPANY & COMPANY ACCOMPANY & COMPANY in company with和...一起 My aunt came in company with her children. 我姑母是和她的孩子们一起来的. Keep company with与...交往，与...形影不离(尤其是与情人) accompany及物动词,意思是 “go with”，当表示伴奏的意思时加介词on/at He accompanied her at/on the piano. keep sb company陪伴 Sit here and keep me company for a while. Our teacher accompanied us to the park.我们的老师陪我们去公园. Company做同伴的时候是集体名称,不可数 companion是单数人称,可数;a companion in war战友;the companions on the journey旅伴nullcomplain that; complain to sb of/about sth; complain corps单复同刑，意思是”军团，军队”;corpse意思是”尸体 in chord=in concert=in unison一齐，一致，共同 a country国家(可数); the country乡村(不可数，且必须加the)CONTRARYCONTRARYOn the contrary用作连词, “正相反”; to the contrary（相反的意思）用作形容词或副词 I thought he was a criminal; on the contrary, he was a policeman. There is evidence to the contrary.有相反的证据 Unless I heard to the contrary. CONTRASTCONTRASTContrast既是名词也是动词 present/in (a) sharp/striking contrast to—与...形成鲜明对比 To contrast…with---把...与...相对比 He only seemed to contrast his present cheerfulness and felicity with the dire endurance that was over. 他只不过像是拿他今天的欢乐幸福跟已成过去的苦痛经历做着对比. In contrast with---与...成对比 The beautiful stands in contrast to the ugly and develops in struggle with it. 美是跟丑相比较，并且同它作斗争发展起来的. nullOn the contrary和in contrast区别在于，on the contrary用于否定一个陈述，其实是围绕一个事情在讲，而in contrast是举出令一个事情并且和前一个事物相反 例如:今天很热啊，on the contrary，今天很冷---都在围绕今天讲，表示对前一句话的否定 今天很热啊，in contrast，昨天很冷 CLASH, CRASH & CRUSHCLASH, CRASH & CRUSHclash既是不及物动词也是名词; a border clash边境冲突; Our ideas clashed with theirs. A clash of ideas不合 crash既是动词也是名词 crash into; collide with类似还有 bump into, drive into; run into碰上，装上 crush意思是碾碎，镇压 They crushed the revolt/their enemy. CREDITCREDITgive credit to…相信 Do you give credit to what the man said? Do credit to…为...增光 His good performance In school do great credit to his mother 他在学校的优良表现为他母亲带来极大的荣誉 DARE SAY OR DARE TO SAYDARE SAY OR DARE TO SAYdare say侧重不肯定 “恐怕，也许”; dare to say侧重肯定，“敢于……” dare to struggle and dare to win敢于斗争, 敢于胜利He will dare any danger.他敢冒任何危险. Does she dare to go alone?她敢一个人去吗? I don't think he will dare the risk.我想他不会冒那个险. He dared me to jump over the stream. I took his dare to jump.他激我跳过那条小溪. 我接受他的挑战而跳了. do sth. for a dare被激得做某事, 因为有人挑战所以做某事 give a dare挑战nullout of date, up to date都做表语; out-of-date, up-to-date做定语 in= in fashion out=out of fashion update.vt.nulleveryday是一个定语，every day是状语 She perseveres in learning some everyday English every day. suicide是一个名词 attempt suicide寻死; commit suicide自杀;而动词应该使用kill oneselfDEFENDDEFENDdefend有两个意思,一个是 “保卫，防守”(from/against) We must defend ourselves against the enemy. 另一个意思是 “为...辩护” The lawyer defended the accused. Take offense at(对...)生气，(因...)见怪--- I hope that you will not take offense at it. 幸勿见怪. I hope you will not take any offense at my words. 对我讲的话请别见怪. 论文答辩： thesis defense/ oral defense defense works防御工事DENYDENYdeny sb sth---拒绝给与某人某物 She can deny her son nothing.她对儿子是百依百顺(要什么就给什么). deny doing否认做... Make a denial of否认 To fully implement TCP/IP in Windows XP would make denial of service attacks a walk in the park.nulldepend/dependence/dependent + on; 但是只能说independent /independently of; 也只能说independence from When did India get her independence from Britain? 印度什么时候脱离英国获得独立的?DESIREDESIREdesire是动词也是名词，其有两个形容词desirable意思是 “某事物值得想要的”，desirous意思是 “相要的，渴望的”;两个形容词后面如果接that从句，都需要使用should的虚拟语气 Success is desirable to me.=It is desirable that I(should) succeed.----desirable to I am desirous of success.= I am desirous that I(should) succeed.---desirous of nullThere is a difference of ten degree in temperature between the day and the night. Make a/the difference有影响，起作用 One false step will make a great difference.失之毫厘，谬以千里 The rain didn't make much difference to the game. 雨对比赛没有太大影响. differ vi.有两个意思，如表示 “不同”则接介词from，如表示(在意见方面)的分歧，则接介词with I differ from you in character. I differ with you on/about/over this subject. Cf. differ from=be different from; differ with=disagree with differentiate vt. vi.，如表示 “区别,区分”，加between，如表示 “分辨，区别”，则使用from I can not differentiate between goats and sheep=I can not differentiate goats from sheep. Indifferent a. 冷漠的，不关心的，不积极的 indifferent to She is indifferent to her address. DDdiscriminate1)vt.表示“区别，辨别” discriminate good from bad; 2）vi.表示“歧视，或者有差别地对待时” （against）No one should be discriminated against. Discrimination: gender discrimination/ race discrimination DIFFICULTYDIFFICULTYin difficulties处境困难 It lands writers in difficulties. 它使作家们陷入困境. with difficulty是with ease的反义词，意思是”困难地) Have difficulty (in)doing(sth)=have difficulty with sth在(做)...方面有困难DISTINGUISHDISTINGUISHdistinguish vi./ vt. I can not distinguish him from his brother. distinguish=(make distinction) between good from bad. distinct a.1)(from) 不同的 Domicile is distinct from nationality. 住所与国籍不同. 2)清楚的,明显的 The warbler has a distinctive song ---”刺嘴莺有独特的歌喉”nulldoubt怀疑...不是(表示不相信) I doubt of this is what he wants我看这不见得是他所要的 suspect怀疑...是(表示相信) doubt, doubtful如果接从句在肯定句中后面接whether, if; 在否定句中后面接that doubtless副词，意思是”无疑地，肯定地” dubious a.可疑的，暧昧的，半信半疑的。 注意拼写 doubt/doubtful/ dubious + about/of sth后面接sth的时候都加about或of nulldrunk是表语，drunken是定语 The man is drunk. A drunken man the drop in price物价的下的/ drop in English a drop in the ocean沧海一粟，九牛一毛 direct…to doing sth致力于，指向 He directd his energies to improving conditions. direct to/at正对，指向 His remarks were directed at you.EEeconomics是单复同形，如果做单数性则表示”经济学”，复数性则表示”经济状况，经济因素” The economics of this project are still being considered. economic a.经济的，经济学的，经济上的 economical a.节约的，合算的 Be economical o