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大学英语四级常见词根词缀

2013-11-24 23页 doc 178KB 81阅读

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大学英语四级常见词根词缀popelrain 1.否定前缀 un- uncomfortable, unacceptable, unavoidable in- incomplete, incapable, indispensable, inevitable im- imperfect, impartial, immortal dis- disable, disadvantage mis- misplace, mislead, misfortune ab- abnormal de- deactivate, degrade il...
大学英语四级常见词根词缀
popelrain 1.否定前缀 un- uncomfortable, unacceptable, unavoidable in- incomplete, incapable, indispensable, inevitable im- imperfect, impartial, immortal dis- disable, disadvantage mis- misplace, mislead, misfortune ab- abnormal de- deactivate, degrade il- illegal, illiterate ir- irregular, irrelative mal- malfunction, malnutrition 2. trans — across(横过)through(通过)beyond(那边)from one place to another transient 短暂的 transplant 移植(器官) transaction 交易 transition 过渡,转变 transition from A to B transition period transmit 传输,传送(无线电,电视) transmission (n) a live transmission 现场直播 cultural transmission 文化的继承 transform 完全改变…的外观/特性 transformation(常做陪衬) transfer 传递,迁移 translate 翻译 transport 运输 3. com-, con- 1、加强语气 2、共同,一起 combine, compete, compromise confirm, conspicuous, concession 4. -tain 1、支撑 2、保持,维持,保留 sustain, retain, maintain 5. re- 再,又,回,反 renew, reshape, refresh 6. uni- / mono- one (一个),sole(单一的) uniform, unique, unity monotonous (单调的),monopoly (垄断) 7. ex- 向外,超出 expand extend exceed excessive exclusive(ly) excursion 8. pre-/pro- 前,在前 predominant precede, previous, premise, prevalent proceed, prominent, propel 9. magn- 大(large) magnify(microscope), magnificent, magnitude 10. viv- /vit- live, life 生命,生活 vivid, survive, revive vital, vitamin 11. inter- 在……之间 相互 intervene, interfere 12. man- hand (手工) manufacture , manipulate,manuscript 13. sci- knowledge science, scientific, consciousness 14. sub- / sus- 下,次,附属 subsidiary subordinate(to) sustain 15. laps 滑,落 (时间)elapse, collapse 16. spec- / spic- look spectator, speculate, spectacular, perspective conspicuous 17.clud(s)-, clos- 关闭shut conclude, include ,exclusive close 18. not note notify notion(=idea) notorious 19. homo- same homogeneously 20. simul- together Simultaneously 21. multi — 多,多倍 multiply, multitude 22. contra, contro 相反 contradiction contrary controversy 23. dict- say, tell, speak dictate, dictator , dictionary, verdict, predict 24. per- through permeate, perplex, permanent, perpetual, persistent 25. ver- truth verify verdict 26. -logy study(学习) science biology psychology 27. -vert / -vers turn divert advertise diversify versatile reverse 28. -ics 作抽象名词的后缀,学科 economics politics physics 29. -ist 表示“人” pianist geologist typist 30. bio- life biography biology 31. -ician 从事……专业的人 music → musician 32. -ism ……主义……论(抽象名词) realism Marxism 33. -cid kill suicide insecticide 34. mort- death mortal mortality immortal 35. -scrib / -scrip write draw describe inscribe prescribe subscribe ascribe description inscription prescription subscription ascription 36. di-/du-/ambi- /bi- two, double dilemma / duplicate / ambiguous/ bilateral 37. tri- three triangle 38. bene- good, well, happily benefit beneficiary 39. volu/ volv roll(滚动)turn(转动) evolution revolution involve revolve evolve 40. fer carry(带) produce(生产) transfer refer fertile 41. phil- love philosophy 42. deca- ten decade 43. cred believe credible incredible credit 44. cent one hundred century 45. mill / kilo 一千,千分之一 millennium million kilometer kilogram 46. dom master, control domain dominate, dominant, predominant 47. val 有权力,影响 valid, invalid, valuable, evaluate, prevalent(popular) 48. graph / gram write biography, geography / grammar, telegram 49. equi — 同等,相等 equivalent equilibrium 50. bat beat打 debate combat battle batter battery 51. seg, sect cut segment, segregate / section intersection 52. plex 折叠 perplex complex 53. en- / -ify make enlarge entitle enrich enable simplify magnify signify 54. sym- / syn- 共同same, 类似similar sympathy symptom symmetry / syndrome 55 path feeling pathetic sympathy sympathetic 56. ceed / cess / cede / cest / cur run proceed recession, access, excess, successor precede, recede ancestor current currency excursion occur 57. serv 保存,保护(protect) conserve preserve 58. –able , -ible 可…… respectable, imaginable comprehensible 59. hypo- 下,在…之下 hypothesis hypotension 60. –pel 推 propel, expel, repel, dispel, impel, compel 61. scend climb ascend descend 62. spir aspire, inspire, expire, respire, conspire 63. sent, sens feeling sentimental sense, consensus 64. grav 重 grave, gravity, aggravate (grieve) 65.lev 轻,上升 alleviate, elevate (relieve) 66.rupt break bankrupt, interrupt, corrupt 常见的词根 1) aer, ar, 含义是“空气,大气” aeroplane, aerial, 2) ag, act, ig, 含义是“做,动作” active, agent, reaction, 3) alt, 含义是“高”, altitude, 4) alter, altern, altr, 含义是“其它,变更” alternate, 5) bio, bi, bion, 含义是“生物,生命” biology, bionics(仿生学) 6) brev, bri, brief, 含义是“短” brief, abbreviation, abridge(节略) 7) cap, capt, cept, cip, 含义是“取,获” capture, except, concept, capacity 8) ced, ceed, cess, 含义是“行,让步” proceed, succeed, excess(过度) 9) centr, centr, 含义是“中心” concentrate, eccentric(偏心的) 10) clain, clam, 含义是“呼喊” claim, proclaim, exclaim 11) clos, clud, 含义是“闭合” conclude, enclose, include 12) col, cult, 含义是“耕耘” colony, cultivate, agriculture 13) cor, cord, 含义是“心” cordial, record, accord 14) curr, cur, cour, 含义是“跑,动作” current, occur, concurrence(同时发生) 15) dic, dict, 含义是“说,示” dictate, edit, indicate, predict 16) doc, doct, 含义是“教” doctor, document.nbsp 17) duc, duct含义是“引导,传导” introduce, produce, conduct, deduct( 推论) 18) fact, fac, fect, dic, dit, 含义是“做,创造” factory, effect, profit, faculty, perfect 19) fend, fens, 含义是“打,击” defence, offence 20) fer, 含义是“搬运,移转” ferry, transfer, defer(迟延) 21) fin, finit, 含义是“终,极” final, finish, confine 22) firm, 含义是“坚固” firm, confirm, affirm(断定) 23) fix, 含义是“固定” prefix, affix(附加) 24) flect, flex, 含义是“弯曲” flexible, reflex 25) flor, flour, flower, 含义是“花” flower, flourish 26) form, 含义是“形” uniform, formula, transform, reform, deform 27) forc, fort, 含义是“力,强度” force, enforce, effort 28) gen, genit, 含义是“生产,发生” generate, generation 29) gram, graph, 含义是“书写,记录” telegram, diagram, photograph 30) grad, gress, gred, gree, 含义是“步,阶段” gradually, degree, progress 31) hab, habit, hibit, 含义是“保持,住” inhabit, exhibit, prohibit 32) her, hes, 含义是“粘附” adhere, cohesion 33) ject, jet, 含义是“抛射” project, inject 34) jour, 含义是“日,一天” journal(日记), journey, adjourn(延期) 35) jug, junct, 含义是“结合,连合” conjunction, junction(连合) 36) labour, labor, 含义是“劳动,工作” labourer, elaborate, collaborate 37) lect, leg, lig, 含义是“挑选,采集” collect, select, lecture 38) lif, liv, 含义是“生活,生存” life, alive, live 39) loc, 含义是“场所,位置” location, dislocate(脱位) 40) long, leng, ling, 含义是“长的” length, prolong, linger 41) loqu, locut, 含义是“说话” colloquial, eloquent, 42) mand, mend, 含义是“命令” command, demand, recommend 43) man, manu, 含义是“手,手法” manage, manual 44) memor, menber, 含义是“记忆” memory, remember, memorial 45) mind, ment, 含义是“心” mind, remind, mental 46) merc, merch, 含义是“贸易” commerce, merchant 47) meas, mens, meter, metr, 含义是“测量,度量” measure, meter, diameter 48) min, 含义是“小” diminish, minority 49) miss, mit, 含义是“派遣,送” mission, dismiss, transmit, missile 50) mob, mot, mov, 含义是“动” movement, motion, mobile, remove 51) nect, nex, 含义是“捆扎” connect, disconnect, annex(合并) 52) not, 含义是“记号,注意” note, denote, annotation(注释) 53) onom, onym, 含义是“名字” synonym, antonym, anonymous 54) pair, par, 含义是“a)相同,对等b)准备” compare, prepare 55) pel, puls, 含义是“追逐” expel, impel(推进) 56) pend, pens, pond, 含义是“悬挂” depend, independent, expense(支付) 57) phon, 含义是“声音” symphony, telephone, microphone 58) plac, 含义是“位置,场所” place, replace 59) peopl, popul, publ, 含义是“人民,民众” public, republic, popular, people 60) port, 含义是“搬运” export, import, deport(输送) 61) press, 含义是“压,压制” pressure, express, oppress, impression 62) prob, proof, prov, 含义是“实验,验证” prove, approve, 63) quer, quest, quir, quis, 含义是“寻找,探问” inquiry, question, inquisition(调查,追究) 64) rang, rank, 含义是“排列” arrange, rank, 65) rect, right, rig, 含义是“正,直” correct, direct, erect 66) riv, 含义是“河流,流远”,river, arrive, derive 67) rupt, 含义是“破坏,毁坏” eruption, bankrupt, corruption 68) sci, 含义是“认识,知识” science, conscious 69) scrib, script, 含义是“书写,记录” describe, script 70) sens, sent, 含义是“感觉,情感” sensation, sentiment 71) sign, 含义是“标记,符号” signal, signature, design 72) sembl, simil, 含义是“相似,类似” similar, resemble, assimilate(同化) 73) soci, 含义是“结合,社交” social, association 74) spec, spect, spitc, spis, 含义是“看,视” inspect, spectator, conspicuous, respect 75) struct, 含义是“建筑,构造” structure, construct, instruct, destruction 76) tect, teg, 含义是“遮蔽,掩盖” detect, protect 77) temp, tens, 含义是“时间,时机” tense, contemporary, temporal 78) tend, tes, tent, 含义是“倾向, 伸张” tendency, intension, extend, intend 79) test, 含义是“证明,证实” testify, protest, contest(争论) 80) text, 含义是“编织, 构成” textile, texture, context 81) tract, trail, 含义是“拖拉,吸引” attract, tractor, abstract, contract(收缩) 82) tribut, 含义是“给予” contribution, distribute 83) us, ut, 含义是“用,使用” usable, utilize, abuse 84) vac, van, 含义是“空,虚” vacancy, vanity, evacuate(清空) 85) vad, vas, wad, 含义是“走,去” invade, wade, evade(逃避) 86) vers, vert, 含义是“旋转,反转” convert, inversion(倒转), reverse, divert(使转向) 87) vid, vis, vey, view, 含义是“观看,看见” television, visible, evident, interview, survey 88) viv, vit, 含义是“生,活” vivid, vital, survival, 89) war, ward, 含义是“注意,保护” aware, wary(谨慎), ward(守护) 90) way, 含义是“路” way, away, subway, always 有了模板,写起作文是不是心里有底了? 说明原因型模板 模板1:   Currently, XX has been the order of the day. This does demonstrate the theory --- nothing is more valuable than XX It is clear that (1). If you (2), as a result, your dreams will come true. On the contrary, if you (3).Failure will be following with you. It turns out that all your plan falls through. No one can deny another fact that (4).You don't have to look very far to find out the truth, in respect that we all know (5).It will exert a profound influence upon (6).With reference to my st andpoint, I think (7).   注释:   (1) XX的第一个优点   (2) 支持XX的做法   (3) 不支持XX的做法   (4) XX的第二个优点   (5) 举例证明优点二 (6) 说明XX优点三的影响   相应作文:The importance of self-confidence   Currently, self-confidence has been the order of the day. This does demonstrate the theory --- nothing is more valuable than self-confidence. It is clear that (self-confidence means trust in one's abilities). If you (are full of self-confidence, it will bring your creative power to play, arouse your enthusiasm for work, and help you overcome difficulties), as a result, your dreams will come true. On the contrary, if you (have no confidence in yourself, there is little possibility that you would ever achieve anything ). Failure will be following with you。It turns out that all your plan falls through. No one can deny another fact that (self-confidence gives you light when you are in dark and encouragement when you are dismayed).You don't have to look very far to find out the truth, in respect that we all know (the secret of MMe. Curie lies in perseverance and self-confidence, the latter in particular). It will exert a profound influence upon (the achievement of one's ambitions). With reference to my standpoint, I think (he that can have self-confidence can have what he will). 模板2:   In recent years, XX has caused a heated debate on (1). The factors for (2).First of all, (3).Then, there comes a case that (4). Moreover, (5). Especially when (6).Indeed, these unique points can be collected the remind people that (7).In this way, we should behave just like (8).   相应作文:The impact of Television   In recent years, with the development of science and technology, 80 percent of all homes in China have satellite TV, offering as many as 50 channels. It has caused a heated debate on (the impact of television on children). Many parents are worried about the impact of so much television on children. The factors for (parents' worry is that children are indulge in television and spend too much time on it.).First of all, (with so many programs to choose from, children are not getting as much exercise as they should ).Then, there comes a case that (some studies have show that excessive watching of television by millions of children has lowered their ability to achieve in school ). Moreover, (the effect on children's minds are more serious than the effect on children's bodies). Especially when (the children are too small to judge what programs are suit to them).Indeed, these unique points can be connected to remind parents that (they should pay close attention to and responsibilities for supervising their children's TV viewing).In this way, children will not be influenced too deeply.   模板3:   For most of us today, (1). From above, we can find that the reasons why (2)are as follows.The primary reason, I think, is (3).Second,(4). The third reason, actually, is (5).The significance for (6)。Therefore, (7).   注释:   (1) 人们针对XX的态度和举措   (2) 归纳现状   (3) 第一个原因   (4) 第二个原因   (5) 第三个原因   (6) 重申造成现状的最重要原因   相应作文:Pollution   Most of us today (recognize that environmental pollution has been a greatly serious problem. lots of plants trees corps are destroyed by bad air. many fish die of poisonous water. thousands of people die from eating poisoned fish or breathing in gas. therefore, environmental pollution should be responsible for these diseases that are disabling, or bringing death not only to human beings, but also to wild life.)From above, we can find that the reasons why (environment are polluted more and more seriously)are as follows. the primary reason, I think, is (the reason of harmful substances into environment. for example, to prevent insects, farmers make use of great amounts of insecticides, so as to have bumper harvests. however, they pollute air, water and land ).Second,(the gas coming from the car engines and factories also make environment polluted badly ). the third reason actually is (the result of a growing population in the world. everyday, so much litter and waste are poured out from houses, also pollute the environment ). The significance for (controlling pollution) noted that it's high time that more effective measures should be taken. Therefore, (new laws should be passed to limit the amount of pollutants from factories. moreover, in the households, there is an obvious need to reduce litter and waste. let's make our good efforts,and the world will be a safer place to live for us).   模板4:   These days we often hear that (1).It is common that (2). Why does such circumstance occur in spite of social protects? For one thing, (3).For another, (4). What is more, since (5),it is natural that (6 ).To solve the problem is not easy at all, but is worth trying. We should do something such as (7) to improve he present situation, and I do believe everything will be better in the future.   注释:   (1) 提出论   (2) 说明现状   (3) 理由一   (4) 理由二   (5) 理由三   (6) 理由三引起的后果   (7) 解决方法   相应作文: Pollution of environment    These days we often hear that (our living conditions are getting more and more serious because of the destruction of our environment ).It is common that (many trees and animals are near extinction, and the all-important food chain has been destroyed.).  Why does such circumstance occur in spite of social protects? For one thing, (the population of the world is increasing so rapidly that the world has been so crowded. ).For another,(the overuse of natural resources has influenced the balance of natural ecology ). What is more, since (the industrial revolution ),it is natural that (a great number of factories have been springing up like mushrooms. The smoke and harmful chemicals released from factories also pollute the environment).  To solve the problem is not easy at all, but is worthing. We should do something such as (planting more trees, equipping cars with pollution-control devices and learning to recycling natural resources )to improve the present situation, and I do believe everything will be better in the future.    (二) 图表式作文模板   It is obvious in the graphic/table that the rate/number/amount of Y has undergone dramatic changes. It has gone up/grown/fallen/dropped considerably in recent years (as X varies). At the point of X1, Y reaches its peak value of …(多少). What is the reason for this change? Mainly there are … (多少)reasons behind the situation reflected in the graphic/table. First of all, …(第一个原因). More importantly, …(第二个原因). Most important of all, …(第三个原因). From the above discussions, we have enough reason to predict what will happen in the near future. The trend described in the graphic/table will continue for quite a long time (if necessary measures are not taken括号里的使用于那些不太好的变化趋势).    (三) 提纲式作文模板   模板1:对立观点式   A.有人认为X 是好事,赞成X, 为什么?   B.有人认为X 是坏事, 反对X,为什么?   C.我的看法。   Some people are in favor of the idea of doing X. They point out the fact that 支持X 的第一个原因。They also argue that 支持X 的另一个原因。However, other people stand on a different ground. They consider it harmful to do X. They firmly point out that 反对X 的第一个理由。 An example can give the details of this argument: There is some truth in both arguments. But I think the advantages of X overweigh the disadvantages. In addition to the above-mentioned negative effects it might bring about, X also may X 的有一个坏处。   模板2:批驳观点式   A.一个错误观点。   B.我不同意。   Many people argue that 错误观点。By saying that, they mean 对这个观点的进一步解释。An example they have presented is that 一个例子。(According to a survey performed by X on a group of Y, almost 80% of them 赞成这个错误观点或者受到这个错误观点的影响)。 There might be some element of truth in these people’s belief. But if we consider it in depth, we will feel no reservation to conclude that 与错误观点相反的观点。There are a number of reasons behind my belief. (以下参照辩论文的议论文写法)。   模板3:社会问题(现象)式   A.一个社会问题或者现象   B.产生的原因   C.对社会和我们生活的影响   D.如何杜绝。(如果是问题的话)   E.前景的预测。   Nowadays, there exists an increasingly serious social/economic/environmental problem. (X has increasingly become a common concern of the public). According to a survey, 调查内容说明这种现象的情况。(或者是一个例子)。 There are a couple of reasons booming this problem/phenomenon.下面参照辩论式议论文写法。 X has caused substantial impact on the society and our daily life, which has been articulated in the following aspects. 参照辩论式议论文的写法。 A dozen of measures are supposed to take to prevent X from bringing us more harm. 同上Based on the above discussions, I can easily forecast that more and more people will ……..    (四) 辩论式议论文模板   模板1:   Some people believe (argue, recognize, think)that 观点1. But other people take an opposite side. They firmly believe that 观点2. As for me, I agree to the former/latter idea. There are a dozen of reasons behind my belief. First of all, 论据1. More importantly, 论据2. Most important of all, 论据3. In summary, 总结观点. As a college student, I am supposed to 表决心.或:From above, we can predict that 预测.   模板2:   People hold different views about X. Some people are of the opinion that 观点1, while others point out that 观点2. As far as I am concerned, the former/latter opinion holds more weight. For one thing, 论据1.For another, 论据2. Last but not the least, 论据3. To conclude, 总结观点. As a college student, I am supposed to 表决心. 或 From above, we can predict that 预测.   模板3: There is no consensus of opinions among people about X(争论的焦点)。Some people are of the view that 观点1,while others take an opposite side, firmly believing that 观点2。As far as I am concerned, the former/latter notion is preferable in many senses. The reasons are obvious. First of all, 论据1。 Furthermore, 论据2。Among all of the supporting evidences, one is the stronge
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