中科院考博英语词汇总结

1 A 1. adapt adept adopt adapt vt.使适应；使适合 He adapted himself to the cold weather. When he moved to Canada, the children adapted to the change very well. adept adj.（与at, in 连用） 熟练的；精通的 n. 内行；老 手 She was adept at the fine art of irritating people. adopt vt.收养;采取;采用 They adopted our methods. 正式通过；采纳 The resolution was adopted by a vote of 180 in favour to 10 against it. 2.adopted adoptive adopted adj.被收养的，被采纳的 an adopted child/an adopted advice adoptive adj.收养（孩子）的 an adoptive mother 3.averse adverse averse adj.（常与to 连用）嫌恶的 I am not averse to a dance party and a good mean after a week's hard work. The minister is averse to/from flattery. adverse adj.不利的；相反的 an adverse decision Adverse circumstances compelled him to close his business. 4 affection affectation affection n.友爱, 爱情, 影响, 疾病, 倾向 affectation n.假装, 虚饰, 做作 5.altitude attitude aptitude latitude longitude multitude altitude （海拔）高度-At high altitudes of Tibet it is difficult to breathe. 高处-The plane flew at an altitude of 20000 metres. attitude n.姿势;态度-People's attitude towards the skyscrapers varies widely. 看法；意见-What is the Municipal Authority's attitude to the proposal of a tunnel across the river? What's the authorities' attitude towards this discord? aptitude n.能力；才能；天资 latitude n.纬度, 范围, (用复数)地区, 行动或言论的;自由 (范围) longitude n.经度, 经线 multitude n.多数, 群众 6.angle angel angle n.角；角度-a right angle 角落；墙角；棱角 观点； 看法；看问题的角度 to consider all angles of the question The professor angled his report to suit the audience he was speaking to. vt.转动一个角度-to angle a camera 带成见地描述（某事） He angles his reports to please his editor in chief. 用钩和钓钓鱼 He is keen on angling. （与for 连用）运用手段获得，攫取 angel n.天使；守护神；仁慈、漂亮的女人 7.announce denounce renounce pronounce announce vt.通告；宣布，宣告；发 The captain announced that the plane was going to land. The government announced that they would build a new highway to the mountain. denounce vt.告发；揭发；斥责 renounce vt.正式放弃 He renounced his claim to the property. 宣布断绝关系 He renounced his religion. pronounce vt., vi.发音；发出…音 How do you pronounce c-l-e-r-k? 宣称；宣告；断言 The expert pronounced the picture to be a forgery. The priest pronounced them man and wife. Everyone pronounced the party to be very good. （常与on, for, against, in favor of 连用）〈法〉宣判 The judge pronounced sentence on the prisoner. 8. annual annul annual adj.每年的；一年一次的-an annual event annul vt.取消，废除（婚姻、契约等）abolish/abolition; 2 abrogate/abrogation 9.apposite opposite apposite adj. 适当的 opposite adj.相对的, 对面的, 对立的, 相反的, 对等的, 应的 n.相反的事物 10 appraise apprise praise appraise vt.评估，评价，鉴定 apprise vt.通知；告知 She was apprised of our arrival. The secretary came to apprise us that the erection of the monster machine had been successfully completed. praise vt.赞美；赞扬；歌颂；赞颂 She praised her daughter's hard work. 11.apprehensive comprehensive apprehensive adj.忧虑的； 担心的-apprehensive for sb.'s safety comprehensive adj.全面的；广泛的；包含内容多的；详尽的 The state government gave a very comprehensive explanation of its plans for the development of electronic industry. 12 argument augment argument n.争论, 辩论, 论据, 论点, ～ (for,against),意见 augment vt., vi.增大；增加 13. ascribe describe prescribe subscribe inscribe proscribe ascribe vt.归因于, 归咎于 describe vt.描写, 记述, 形容, 形容 v.描述 prescribe vt., vi.`开药方；处方；命令； The law prescribes what should be done. What punishment does the law prescribe for corruption? The doctor prescribed total abstinence. subscribe vt., vi.（常与to, for 连用）捐款；捐助；订购（报纸、杂志 等） （常与to 连用）同意，赞同 inscribe vt.（常与in, on, with 连用）题写；铭刻 She inscribed her own name on the textbook. （常与to 连用）题名 This book I inscribe to my old comrades-in-arms. proscribe vt.禁止 14. assent ascent concent/decent assent vi.（常与to 连用）同意 ascent n.上升, (地位, 声望等的)提高, 攀登, 上坡路 15 dissent descent decent dissent vi. （常与from 连用）持异议；不同意；意见 不一致 He and I dissented from each other in choosing a suitable candidate. descent n. 下降；下滑；降下；下来 血统；遗传 He traces his descent from an old Norman family. decent adj 体面的 合适的 16. assume resume consume presume 英语部分 269/1359 assume vt. 假定；假设 I assume you always get up at the same time. 采用；承担 to assume new duties resume n. 摘要, 概略, <美> 履历 vt. 再继续, 重新开始, 重新占用, 再用, 恢复 consume 3 vt., vi. 吃，喝 消耗；消费；花费 His old car consumed much gasoline. 毁灭；烧毁 The fire soon consumed the old wooden buildings in the neighbourhood. presume vt., vi. （常与that 连用）假定；假设；认为 I presume from your speech that you are a foreigner. You must presume no such thing. 当作；姑且认为 If a person is missing for 7 years, he is presumed dead. （常与to + inf 连用）放肆；擅作主张 A servant ought not to presume. （与on, upon 连用）指望；寄希望于… We must not presume too mush on the reliability of such sources. 17 avocation vocation vacation Avocation n. (个人)副业, 业余爱好 Vocation n. 职业；行业 天职；使命 Vacation n. 假期 I worked in a small beachside restaurant during the college vacation. 18 authentic authoritative authentic 真实的：与事实相符并且值得相信、信赖的： an authentic account by an eyewitness. 真正的：有着经证实的来源或创作者的；非 伪造的或非复制的： 英语部分 270/1359 an authentic medieval sword. 一把真正的中世纪剑 authoritative adj.（形容词） 官方的：有着或由政府发起的；官方的： an authoritative decree; authoritative sources. 权威性的：拥有公认的精确性或优秀性的； 极可信赖的： an authoritative account of the revolution. 专断的：行使权力的；命令的： the captain's authoritative manner. 19 adjoin adjacent adjourn adjoin vt. 毗连；临近；贴近 Our house adjoins theirs. adjacent adj. (与to 连用） 相邻的，邻近的 adjourn vt., vi. 延期；休会， 会议暂停 The meeting will be adjourned till next Wednesday. 20 admire admiral admire v. 赞美, 钦佩, 羡慕 admiral n. 海军上将, 舰队司令, 旗舰 21 adore adorn adore vt. 崇拜 敬爱；敬重 非常喜欢 He adores the cinema. She adores going to the volleyball match. adorn vt. 装饰 She likes to adorn herself with jewels. 增加…的重要性或吸引力 He tried to adorn his story with a lot of lies 22. appliance applicant application appliance n. 用具, 器具 英语部分 271/1359 applicant 4 n. 申请者, 请求者 application n. 请求, 申请, , 应用, 运用 23 alley ally alley n. 小路, 巷, (花园里两边有树篱的)小径 ally v. 结盟, 与...(在血统, 性质等上)有关联, 同 盟 n. 同盟国, 支持者 24 accession access accession n. 就职, 就任, 添加, 增加 access n. 通路, 访问, 入门 vt. 存取, 接近 B 1. bull bully bull n. 公牛, 粗壮如牛的人 乐观进取的人 胡扯；废话 bully vt. 威吓；欺侮；以强凌弱 He's always bullying smaller boys. 2.bandage bondage bandage n 绷带 bondage n 奴役，束缚 3.bread bead bread n 面包 4.bump dump jump hump lump plum p pump bump n. 撞击, 肿块 英语部分 272/1359 bead n v. 碰(伤), 撞(破), 颠簸 dump vt. 倾倒(垃圾), 倾卸 n. 堆存处 jump n. 跳跃, 上涨, 惊跳 vt. 跳跃, 跃过, 突升, 使跳跃 vi. 跳跃, 暴涨 hump n. 驼峰, 驼背, 小园丘, 峰丘 v. (使)隆起, 弓起 lump n. 块（尤指小块）, 肿块, 笨人 vt. 使成块状, 混在一起. plump adj. 圆胖的, 丰满的, 鼓起的 vt. 突然放下, 使丰满, 使鼓起 vi. 变丰满, 鼓起 pump n. 泵, 抽水机 vt. (用泵)抽(水), 抽吸 5.beach breach bleach beach n. 海滨；湖滨；河滩 The little beach hotel has a pleasant ambien breach 5 n. （常与of 连用）违背；不履行；破坏 in breach of contract Your company is in breach of the contract. bleach vt., vi. 使变白 Did you bleach this tablecloth? 英语部分 273/1359 bead n 珠子, 水珠 vt 祈祷 6.bride bribe bride n 新娘 bribe n vt 贿赂 boom broom boom n.v 繁荣 兴旺 broom n 扫帚 buffet buffer buffet n.餐具柜, 小卖部, 殴打, 打击 vt ①连续地打击②搏斗 buffer vt 缓冲、缓和 C 1. censor censure censor n. 检查员 vt. 检查, 审查 censure v. 责难 n. 责难 2. cession session cession n. 割让, 转让, [律]让与(他人)债权 session n. （官方机构的）会 议，会期，开会期 The general session approved the report of the investigation committee. 学期；大学的学期 3. clash crush crash clash n. 冲突, 撞击声, 抵触 the clash of weapons clash of interests a clash with the police I failed to go to her wedding because it clashed with my examination. 英语部分 274/1359 战斗 It is broadcast that the two armies clashed near the borderline again before dawn. vi., vt. 冲突 The enemy armies clashed. （事情）在时间上相冲突 It's a pity the two concerts clash. （常与with 连用）（色彩）不协调 This shirt clashes with your trousers. crush vt., vi. 压碎；压坏；碾碎 挤压；塞 to crush one's way through the crowd 破坏；镇压；压服 to crush all opposition crash n. 碰撞, 坠落, 坠毁, 撞击声, 爆裂声 v. 碰撞, 坠落, 坠毁, (指商业公司, 政府等) 破产, 垮台 4. classic classical classic n. 杰作, 名著 adj. 第一流的 classical adj. 古典的, 正统派的, 古典文学的 5. clench clinch clench vt., vi. 紧合；咬紧（牙关）；捏紧（拳头） 6 She clenched her teeth when she was operated on. 紧握；抓牢 The girl clenched her money in her hand. clinch vt., vi. 敲弯钉头钉牢；钉住 把（木头）钉牢在一起 确定；决定（贸易等）；达成买卖或合同 The two companies clinched the deal quickly. The offer of more money clinched it for her. She agree to undertake the job as the assistant to the managing director. 6.coarse hoarse roar 英语部分 275/1359 coarse adj. 粗的；粗糙的；未精炼的 （表面）不光滑的；粗织的 coarse cloth 粗鲁的；鲁莽的；不礼貌的 coarse talk hoarse adj. 嘶哑的 His voice was hoarse after talking for an hour. roar n. 吼声；咆哮声 the roar of an angry lion The lion gave a loud roar. 7. canvass canvas canvas n. 粗帆布 一块油画布 The young artist showed me his recent canvases. canvass n. 细查, 讨论, 劝诱 vt. 彻底检查, 细究, 向...拉票或拉生意, 讨论 vi. 游说, 拉选票 8. cannon canon cannon n. 加农炮；大炮 canon n. 教规，宗教法规 9. credible credulous credible adj. 可信的；可靠的 credulous adj. 轻信别人的 10 continual continuous continual adj. over and over again; regular but interrupted; 连续的 Recently the young couple have continual arguments with each other for trifles. 英语部分 276/1359 continuous adj. 不断的 continuing without stopping ;ceaseless continuous rain all day 7.collide collude collide vi. 互撞；碰撞；（车、船等）猛撞 The two trains collided. 冲突；反对；强烈抵触(with) collude vi. 共谋；勾结；串通(with) 8. comment commend comment n. 注释, 评论, 意见 vi. 注释, 评论(on ) commend vt. 7 称赞, 表扬, 推荐, 委托, 吸引 9. compel expel propel repel compel vt. 强迫, 迫使 expel vt 赶走：驱逐或把…赶出去： expel an invader. 排出：从容器里或象从容器里释放： 被迫离开；把…除名： expelled the student from college for cheating.See Synonyms at eject propel vt. 推进，推动 驱策 repel vt. 击退；逐退 to repel an attack 使厌恶；使反感 His accent repels me. 10 contemporary temporary contemporary n. 同时代的人 adj. 当代的, 同时代的 英语部分 277/1359 temporary adj. 暂时的, 临时的, 临时性 11. contemptuous contemptible contemptuous adj. （常与of 连用） 表示轻蔑的；傲慢的 a contemptuous look contemptible adj. 卑劣的 It was contemptible of him to speak like that about a respectable teacher! It was a contemptible trick to tell lies and play on an old friend! 12 confer infer refer prefer defer confer vt. 授予(称号、学位等)on, 赠与, 把...赠与, v. 协商, 交换意见(on) The engineers and technicians are still conferring on the unexpected accident. infer vt. 推断；推知；推论 to infer an unknown fact from a known fact I infer from your letter that you have not made up your mind yet. refer vt., vi. （常与to 连用） 涉及；提到 针对；有关 The new law does not refer to farm land. 提交；交付 The shop referred the complaint to the manufacturers. prefer vt. （常与to 连用）更喜欢；宁愿 to prefer coffee to t Which of these two dresses do you prefer? defer vt. 推迟；延期 vt. （与to 连用）服从；顺从 Do you always defer to your parents wishes? 13. consequent subsequent consequent adj. 作为结果的 subsequent adj. 随后的，后来的；继起的 14 conventional convenient conventional adj. 惯例的, 常规的, 习俗的, 传统的 8 convenient adj. 便利的, 方便的 英语部分 278/1359 15. confidant confidante confident co nfidential confidant n. 知己男友 confidante n. 知己的女友 confident adj. 确信的；有信心的；自信的 Peter is confident of winning the post as the assistant to the managing director. confidential adj. 机密的；秘密的 a confidential order 参与机密的；视为心腹的 a confidential secretary 16. convert divert invert revert reverse convert vt. （常与into 连用）转变；变换 to convert an old house into a new o That building has been converted into a school. 兑换 I want to convert some Hong Kong dollars into American dollars. 改变信仰、党派或意见等 She managed to convert him to her opinion. divert vt. 转向；转移 A ditch diverted water from the stream into the fields. Traffic was ordered to divert to another road because of the repair of the main road. The government is planning to divert the river to supply water to the town. A loud noise from the street diverted my attention. invert vt. 置于相反位置；上下倒置 The little boy caught the insect by inverting the cup over it. revert vi. （与to 连用）恢复原状；回复；回到（原来 话题） （财产等）归复，归还 reverse vt. 倒退；倒转 He reversed the car. 翻转 She reversed the paper. 改变；使成相反的东西 He reversed the judgment and set the prisoner free after all. 17 counsel consul council counsel n. 讨论, 商议, 辩护律师 英语部分 279/1359 vt. 劝告, 忠告 consul n. 领事 council n. 政务会, 理事会, 委员会, 参议会, 讨论会 议, 顾问班子, 立法班子 18 conscious conscientious conscious adj. 有意识的；神志清醒的 He is hurt but still conscious. 了解的；察觉的 She was not conscious of his presence in the room. 刻意的：故意或做的；刻意的： a conscious insult; made a conscious effort 9 to speak more clearly。 conscientious adj. 凭良心的；谨慎的；尽责的 a conscientious piece of work Be conscientious and make a good job of publishing. 19 cosmic comic cosmic adj. 宇宙的 comic n. 滑稽演员 adj. 滑稽的, 喜剧的 20 commerce commence commerce n. 商业 commence v. 开始, 着手 21 complexion complex complexion n. 面色, 肤色, 情况, 局面 complex adj. 复杂的, 合成的, 综合的 22. compulsive compulsory compulsive adj. 强制的, 强迫的, 由强迫产生的, 禁不住的 compulsory adj. 必需做的, 必修的, 被强迫的, 被强制的, 义务的 D 英语部分 280/1359 1. decease disease decease n. vi.死亡 disease n. 疾病, 弊病 2. definite definitive definite adj. 明确的, 一定的 definitive adj. 最后的, 确定的, 权威性的 3. desert dessert desert n. 沙漠, 应得的赏罚, 功过 adj. 沙漠的, 不毛的, 荒凉的 vt. 放弃, 遗弃, 逃跑 vi. 逃掉, 逃亡, 开小差 dessert n. 餐后甜点 4. desirable desirous desirable adj. 值得做的；值得想望的；值得弄到手的 It is most desirable that he should attend the conference. desirous adj. （与of 连用）渴望的，想…的 5. diary dairy diary n. 日记 dairy n. 牛奶场, 奶品场, 售牛奶, 奶油 6. diploma diplomat diplomacy diploma tic diploma n. 文凭, 毕业证书, 证明权力、特权、荣誉等 的证书, 奖状 diplomat 10 n. 外交官, 有外交手腕的人, 有权谋的人 diplomacy n 外交 diplomatic adj. 外交的, 老练的 英语部分 281/1359 7.disclaim reclaim exclaim proclaim acclaim claim disclaim v. 放弃, 弃权, 拒绝 reclaim vt. 要求归还, 收回, 开垦 exclaim v. 呼喊, 惊叫, 大声叫 proclaim vt. 宣布, 声明, 显示, 显露 acclaim vt. 欢呼 欢呼着拥戴；欢呼着同意 claim n. (根据权利提出)要求, 要求权, 主张, 要求 而得到的东西 vt. (根据权利)要求, 认领, 声称, 主张, 需要 8. discreet discrete discreet adj. 小心的, 慎重的, 有思虑的, 贤明的 discrete adj. 离散的；分立的；不连续的 9. distinct distinctive distinct adj. 清楚的, 明显的, 截然不同的, 独_$___-_*特的 distinctive adj. 与众不同的, 有特色的 10. donate denote donate v. 捐赠, 赠予 denote vt. 指示, 表示 11. dwindle bewilder dwindle v. 缩小 bewilder vt. 使迷惑, 使不知所措, 使昏乱 12 dual duel dual adj. 双的, 二重的, 双重 英语部分 282/1359 duel n. 决斗 两个人争斗；争辩；双方抗争 13 disinterested uninterested disinterested adj. 公正无私的；无偏见的；客观的 His action was not altogether disinterested. uninterested adj. 不感兴趣的 Settle your own argument - I'm quite uninterested! 14 dissemble disassemble dissemble vt., vi. 隐藏，掩饰（思想、感情等） disassemble vt. 解开, 分解 E 1. eradicate erase eradicate 11 vt 根除：连根撕碎 清除，扑灭，根绝：象连根拔起一样消灭： Their goal was to eradicate poverty. erase vt 擦掉，抹掉：通过用橡皮涂抹或刮除（写的 字迹或图形等） 删除：从磁带或其它存储介质上消除掉（记 录的信息）： erased a file from the diskette. erased the videocassette. 使忘却：象涂抹掉一样消除、消灭： had to erase all thoughts of failure from his mind. 2. elicit illicit explicit elite implicit elicit vt 诱出，引出（事实等） illicit adj. 违法的 explicit adj. 清楚的, 明确的 elite n. 精英 implicit adj. 暗示的, 含蓄的, 绝对的，完全的 英语部分 283/1359 3.eligible illegible eligible adj. 符合条件的, 合格的 Are you eligible to join this club I know an eligible young lady who would be an excellent cooperator for you. illegible adj. 难辨认的, 字迹模糊的 4.emergence emergency emergence n. 出现 显露，暴露 emergency n. 紧急情况, 突然事件, 非常时刻, 紧急事 件 5.eminent imminent element elimina te eminent adj. 显赫的, 杰出的, 有名的, 优良的 imminent adj. 即将来临的, 逼近的 element n. 要素, 元素, 成分, 元件, 自然环境 eliminate vt. 排除, 消除 v. 除去 6. erotic exotic erotic adj.色情的 n. 好色之徒 exotic adj. 外来的，外国来的 异乎寻常的 an exotic purple bird 7.exalt exult exalt vt. 赞扬；歌颂 提升；晋升 exult vi. 狂喜；欢跃 The people exulted at the victory. The people all over the country exulted in the success in launching a new satellite. 8. exhaustive exhausted xhausting 英语部分 12 284/1359 exhaustive adj. 彻底的, 详尽的 to make an exhaustive study An exhaustive investigation of the facts proves the contrary. exhausted adj. (令人）耗尽的, 疲惫的 exhausting adj. 使用尽的, 令人疲乏不堪的 F 1.facility facilitate facility n. 灵巧，熟练 He has great facility in learning languages. Her facility with / in languages is surprising. (pl) 设施，设备 There are facilities for cooking in the kitchen. Are there washing facilities in the school? facilitate vt. 使容易；使便利 It would facilitate matters if you were more co-operative。 The new underground railway will facilitate the journey to all parts of the city. 2. fiance fiancee finance fiance n. 未婚夫 fiancee n. 未婚妻 finance n. 财政, 金融, 财政学 vt. 供给...经费, 负担经费 vi. 筹措资金 G 1.genius genus genuine genius n. 天才, 天赋, 天才人物 genus n. 种类；属 genuine adj. 真实的, 真正的, 诚恳的，非伪造的 2. graceful gracious 英语部分 285/1359 graceful adj.（身体的姿态和动作） 优美的，优雅的 a graceful young girl a graceful young cat 得体的 gracious adj. 亲切的；和蔼的；慈祥的 She welcomed her guests in a gracious manner. 优裕的；舒适的 gracious living H 1.hammer hamper hammer n. 铁锤, 槌, 锤子 v. 锤击, 锤打 hamper vt 妨碍，阻碍 The snow hampered my movements. 2.heroin heroine heroin n. 海洛因, 吗啡 heroine n. 女英雄, 女主人公 3.hypercritical hypocritical hypercritical adj. 13 过分苛求的，吹毛求疵的 hypocritical adj. 伪善的，虚伪的 hypocritical praise. a hypocritical rogue. I 1. illusion allusion illusion n. 幻觉；幻影 错觉 I have no illusions about his ability. allusion n. 提及, 暗示 2. imitate intimate intimidate initiate imitate vt. 效法；模仿 The little boy imitated his father. James can imitate his teacher's speech perfectly. 英语部分 286/1359 模拟；假装；学 Parrots imitate human speech. 仿制 Wood is often painted to imitate stone. intimate adj. 亲近的；亲密的；熟悉的 intimate friends Do you believe these two intimate friends used to be mutual sworn enemies? 个人的；私人的 an intimate diary intimidate vt. 胁迫；威迫 He said he would never be intimidated by big names and authorities. initiate vt. 开始, 发动, 传授 v. 开始, 发起 3. imperial imperious empirical imperial adj. 帝王的；帝国的 imperious adj. 傲慢的；专横的 紧急的 empirical adj. 完全根据经验的, 经验主义的 4. indigenous indignant indigenous adj. 土产的；本地的 Kangaroos are indigenous to Australia. indignant adj. 愤怒的, 愤慨的 5. incomparable uncomparable incomparable adj. 无与伦比的, 卓越的 uncomparable adj. (两者由于无共同特性）无法比较的 6. ingenuous ingenious ingenuous adj. 坦白的, 自然的, 直率的 ingenious adj. 机灵的, 有独创性的, 精制的, 具有创造才 能 7. inhabit inhibit 英语部分 287/1359 inhabit vt. 居住 a district sparsely inhabited inhibit vt. （常与from 连用）阻止；抑制 an inhibited person 14 8. interference inference inter