初三英语 八大时态

初中英语动词变过去式和过去分词记忆法  动词可分为动词和不规则动词 规则动词的过去式和过去分词是一样，变化规则如下： 1．一般在动词末尾加-ed，如：work----worked----worked 2．结尾是e加d，如：use----used-----used 3．以重读闭音节结尾的词，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed，如： stop--stopped-- stopped 4．以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i， 再加-ed，如：study-studied-- studied 不规则动词动词过去式和过去分词变化规律如下： 一、AAA型（原形→原形→原形） 原形 过去式 过去分词 汉语意思 read read read 读 cut cut cut 切，割 let let let 让 put put put 放 cost cost cost 花费，值 hit hit hit 撞，击 set set set 安排，安置 hurt hurt hurt 使…伤痛  二、ABA型（原形→过去式→原形） 原形 过去式 过去分词 汉语意思 become became become 成为 come came come 来 run ran run 跑  三、ABC型 1. ow →ew →own 原形 过去式 过去分词 汉语意思 blow blew blown 吹 draw drew drawn 画 grow grew grown 生长 know knew known  知道 fly flew flown 飞  2. i→a →u 原形 过去式 过去分词 汉语意思 begin began begun 开始 drink drank drunk 喝 sing sang sung 唱 swim swam swum 游泳 ring rang rung 打电话  3. 原形→过去式→过去式+(e)n 原形 过去式 过去分词 汉语意思 wear wore worn 穿 forget forgot forgotten 忘记 speak spoke spoken 说 freeze froze frozen 冻 choose chose chosen 选择  4. 原形→过去式→原形+(e)n 原形 过去式 过去分词 汉语意思 eat ate eaten 吃 forbid forbade forbidden 禁止 give gave given 给 ride rode ridden 骑 see saw seen 看见 write wrote written 写 fall fell fallen 落下  5. 无规律 原形 过去式 过去分词 汉语意思 am/is was been 是 are were been 是 do did done 做 go went gone 走 take took taken 拿   四、ABB型  1. 原形→ought →ought 原形 过去式 过去分词 汉语意思 bring brought brought 带来 buy bought bought 买 fight fought fought 打架 think thought thought 思考  2. 原形→aught →aught 原形 过去式 过去分词 汉语意思 catch caught caught 捉,抓 teach taught taught 教  3. 变其中一个元音字母 原形 过去式 过去分词 汉语意思 feed fed fed 喂 meet met met 遇见 get got got 得到 hold held held 拥有 babysit babysat babysat 临时照看 sit sat sat 坐 win won won 赢 find found found 发现  4. 原形→□lt→□lt 原形 过去式 过去分词 汉语意思 feel felt felt 感到 keep kept kept 保持 leave left left 离开 sleep slept slept 睡 sweep swept swept 扫  5. 变其中一个辅音字母 原形 过去式 过去分词 汉语意思 build built built 建造 hear heard heard 听见 make made made 制造 mean meant meant 意思 send sent sent 送,寄 spend spent spent 花费 deal dealt dealt 处理  6.辅音字母和元音字母都变 原形 过去式 过去分词 汉语意思 have had had 有,吃 lay lain lain 放 lose lost lost 丢失 pay paid paid 付钱 say said said 说 sell sold sold 卖 tell told told 告诉 stand stood stood 站  五、AAB型 原形 过去式 过去分词 汉语意思 beat beat beaten 打败  六、情态动词 原形 过去式 过去分词 汉语意思 can could ∕ 能 may might ∕ 也许 must ∕ ∕ 必须 shall should ∕ 将要 will would ∕ 会  七、有两种形式 原形 过去式 过去分词 汉语意思 bear bore born 生 bore borne hang hanged hanged 吊死 hung hung 挂 learn learned learned 学 learnt learnt lie lied lied 说谎 lay lain 躺 show showed showed 给…看 showed shown spell spelled spelled 拼写 spelt spelt burn burned burned 烧 burnt burnt smell smelled smelled 闻 smelt smelt shine shined shined 照耀 shone shone dream dreamed dreamed 做梦 dreamt dreamt wake waked waked 醒 woke woken hide hid hid 躲藏 hid hidden 常见动词的过去式,过去分词 Sell ______  _______    have/has _____ ______   bring ______ _______ Tell______   _______    buy ______  _______    take ______ _______ Keep______  _______    pay ______  _______    teach______ _______ Sit _______   _______    drive______ ________   drink______ _______ Speak_______ _______    build_______ ________   leave______ _______ Find _______  _______   write_______ ________   do _______  _______ Make______  ________   lend _______ ________   sing _______ _______ Held________ _________   come_______ _______   become______ ______ Draw________ ________   spend_______ _______   say ______ ________ Cost________ ________    learn _______ _______   go _______ ________ Feel ________ ________    eat _________ _______   read ______ _______ Meet________ ________    get_________ ________  forget_______ _______ Give________ ________    mean _______ ________  strike_______ _______ Lie  _______ ________     bite _______ ________   beat _______ ________ Sing ________ ________    see ________ ________   hear _______ ________ Begin _______ _________   stand_______ ________  think _______ ________ Sleep _______ _________   wake ________ _______  fall _________ ________ Steal _______ ________    catch ________ _______  throw_______ _________ 一般现在时 公式：主语+am/is/are+、、、 主语+do/does+、、、 一、 一般现在时： 主语+am/is/are/动词原形 1.概念：经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。 2.　1) 经常性或习惯性的动作，常和时间状语连用。　 标志性词语：every…, sometimes , usually, often , always ,once a day/week/ month,,,,,　 E.g. We often wakes up at 7 every morning. 标志性词语：every…, sometimes , usually, often , always ,once a day/week/ month,,,,,　 2) 客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。　 E.g. The earth moves around the sun.　 Shanghai lies in the east of China. 　　 3) 现在时刻的状态和特长。 E.g. I am a student. He is good at speaking English. 4) 表示格言或警句中。　 E.g. Pride goes before a fall.骄者必败。 （ 注意：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。例：Columbus proved that the earth is round.） 　 牛刀小试： 一填空题。 1、 I can take Li Ming there when he _____ ( come) to visit. 　　2、 _____your sister_____(know)English? 　　3、Her home____ _____ ______(远离 )her school. 　　4、The pot_____(not look) like yours very much. 　　5、Where _____you____(have)lunch every day? 　　6、Who_____(想要 )to go swimming? 　　7、______she_____(do) the housework every day? 8、Jenny and Danny usually______(play) games in the afternoon . 二、选择题 1.The students will go to the Summer Palace if it _____ tomorrow.      A. don’t rain B.doesn't rain C. won't rain  2. There _____ an English film next week.    A. will have B. is going to have C. is going to be D. was going to be  3. The picture _______ nice.             A. looks B. is looked C. look D. is looking  　　4. She ______ down and soon fell asleep.     A. live B. lain C. laid D. lay  　　5. They _____ the office at nine yesterday morning.        A. reached to B. arrived C. went D. get to  　　6. We shall go to Shanghai on business before you _____ back next week.  　　A. wil come B. came C. would come D. come  　　7. Don't smoke until the plane ______ off.  A.takes B.took C.was taken D.is take  　　8. I saw her ____ the room this morning.  A.to enter B. entered C. enter D. enters  9.the teacher asked us ______ to school on time. A. to come B. coming C. come D. comes  　　10. John is always ______ others.            A. help B. helping C. helps D. to help  　　 二、 一般过去时： 公式：主语+v-ed+,,,, 概念：表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或存在的状态； 过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为；过去主语所具备的能力和性格 标志词：Ago（two hours ago（一段时间+ago）；yesterday(句子开头或结尾）；the day before yesterday(前天)； last week（上周）；once upon a time(曾经)；last year/night/month； just now； at the age of； one day； and so on； this morning； long long ago. E.g. My mother was doctor long long ago. I did my homework last night. 牛刀小试： 一、改错题 1．How is Jane yesterday? _____________________ 2．He go to school by bus last week. ____________________________ 3．He often goes home at 6:00 last month. ____________________________ 4．I can fly kites seven years ago. ______________________________ 5． Did you saw him just now. ____________________________________ 6． Tom wasn’t watch TV last night. ____________________________________ 7． I didn’t my homework yesterday. ____________________________________ 8． He wait for you three hours ago. ____________________________________ 9． Who find it just now ? ________________________________________ 二、填空题 1. Father bought me a new bike. （同义句） Father bought _______ _______ ________ ________ me. 2. Frank read an interesting book about history. （一般疑问句） _______ Frank _______ an interesting book about history? 3. He’s cleaning his rooms. （划线提问）________ he _______? 4. Why not go out for a walk? （同义句） _______ ________ ________ out for a walk? 5. Thomas spent RMB 10 on this book. （否定句） Thomas _______ _______ RMB 10 on this book. 6. My family went to the beach last week. （划线提问） ________ ________ ________ family _______ last week? 7. I didn’t have any friends. （一般疑问句） ________ _______ have _______ friends? 8. I think she is Lily’s sister. （否定句）____________________ 9. Sally often does some reading in the morning. （否定句） Sally _______ often ______ some reading in the morning. 10. He is a tall, thin boy. （划线提问） _______ _______ he _______ ________? 习题答案： 一：1.is--was 2.go--went 3.goes--went 4.can--could 5.saw--see 6.watch--watching 7.didn't 后加上 do 8.waited 9.find—found 二： 1.a new bike to 2.did read 3.What's doing 4.Why don't you 5.didn't spend 6.Where were my going 三、 现在进行时： 公式：主语+be(am/are/is)+v-ing 概念：表示此时此刻正在进行的动作及行为。 标志词： now现在、look看、listen听、 at this moment 此时此刻等 E.g. I am studying now. 我正在学习。 Look，someone is sleeping in the class.某人正在课堂上睡觉。 一、选择填空。 1. Some are _________ in the river and some are _________ games. A. swiming, playing B. swimming, plaiingC. swimming, playing D. swimming, plaing 2. Look! The boy students are ___ football while the girls are ________. A. playing, dance B. playing, dancingC. play, dancing D. play, dance 3. He_____ to do his lessons at fight every evening A. is beginning B. is beginning C. begin D. begins 4. ________ he _________ on well with his friends this term? A. Dose, gets B. Dose, get C. is, getting D. Is, geting 5. Mr. Smith ______ short stories, but he ______ a TV play these days. A. is writing, is writing B. is writing, writes C. writes, is writing D. writes, writes ( ) 6. I _______ to the cinema. I _________ there every Sunday. A. go. go B. am going, go C. go. am going D. am going, am going 7. Look. they _________ a good time, _________ they? A. have, do B. have, don't C. are having, are D. are having, aren't 8. You ________about the future (将来) now, ________you? A. don't think, don't B. aren't thinking, aren't C. don't think, do D. aren't thinking, are 二、现在进行时：表示现在进行的动作句子结构：be+动词ing 时间状语：now, look, listen，It’s …o’clck, 1. What are you _________(do) now? I _________(eat) bread. 2. It’s nine o’clock. My father_________(work) in the office. 3. Look, the boy____________(put) the rubbish into the bin. 4. ________he______(clean) the classroom? No, he isn’t. He__________(play). 5. Where is Mak? He_________(run) on the grass. 6. Listen, who_________(sing) in the music room? Oh, Mary_______(sing) there. 答案：一、CBCCCBDC 二、1、 doing am eating 2、 is working 3、is putting 4、Is cleaning. is playing 5、 is running 6、 is singing is singing 四、 过去进行时： 公式：主语+was/were + 现在分词+、、、； 概念：表示那时那刻正在进行的行为或动作。 E.g. We were reading when the teacher came in this morning. 老师进来的时候，我们正在看书 We were playing basketball at four yesterday afternoon. 一、用动词的适当形式填空 　　1. While we __________ (wait) for the bus, a girl __________ (run) up to us. 　　2. I __________ (telephone) a friend when Bob __________ (come) in. 　　3. Jim __________ (jump) on the bus as it __________ (move) away. 　　4. We __________ (test) the new machine when the electricity __________ (go) off. 　　5. She __________ (not want) to stay in bed while the others ________________ (all, work) in the fields. 　　 二、 选择题 　　1.I ______ cooked a meal when you _____ me. 　　a. cooked, were ringing         b. was cooking, rang 　　c. was cooking, were ringing        d. cooked, rang 　　2.He said he _____ to draw a plane on the blackboard at that time. 　　a. tries            b. tried           c. was trying          d. will try 　　3.While she ______ TV, she ______ a sound outside the room. 　　a. was watching, was hearing        b. watched, was hearing 　　c. watched, heard                        d. was watching, heard 　　4.They _____ a football game from 7 to 9 last night. 　　a. were watching           b. watch         c. watched      d. are watching 　　5.What book ____ you ______ when I ____ you at four yesterday afternoon? 　　a. did, read, was seeing                b. did, read, saw 　　c. were, reading, saw                  d. were, reading, was seeing 　　 五、一般将来时 公式：主语+ shall/ will +动词原形；be going to +动词原形 注：shall只用于I we；will任何人称都可以用，包括I、 we E.g.肯定句： I shall go shopping tomorrow. They will come here next week. 否定句： I shall not go shopping tomorrow. They won't come here next week. 注：won't =will not 一般疑问句： Shall we go shopping tomorrow？ Will they come here tomorrow？ · be going to +动词原形 表示就要、即将、打算（做什么）或就要发生的事（发生的可能性比will大） eg：The sky becomes dark，it's going to rain.天变黑了，快要下雨了 I am going to go shopping. 我今晚打算去购物. PS: 在时间状语和条件状语从句中：从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时 when/as soon as +句子（时间状语从句） as soon as / if +句子（条件状语从句） eg：When he comes ，I will tell him about it. We shall have class if they come. 中考链接： 1. My sister wants a new dress. She     it to the party, A. wears   B. has worn  C. wore   D. is going to wear 2.—I don’t know if Aunt Li   these “stay-home children tomorrow morning. — If I       her, I would come earlier. A. will come to take care of; am        B. come to look after; were  C. will come to take care of; were       D. comes to come up with; am  3. – I don’t know if Mr. Li ____ to the party this evening. -- I think he will come if he ____ free. A. will come; is   B. will come; will be   C. comes; is D. comes; will be 4. Chen Guangbiao says he _______ all his money to charities when he dies.  A. leaves   B. left   C. will leave   D. would leave  5.—Mom, when can I go out to play football? —Finish your homework first, or I ________let you go out. A. don't   B. didn't   C. won't    D. haven't  6. If there is any change to the plan, I ______ you as soon as possible. A. told    B. have told  C. tell   D. will tell  7. —Look at the noisy kids! —Haven’t you heard the saying “When the cat is away, the mice ______?” A. play   B. played  C. are playing D. will play 8. We are glad to hear that the Greens _____ to a new flat next week. A. move     B. moved     C. will move     D. have moved 六：过去将来时： 公式：主语+ would/should + do. was/were/going to + do； 概念：表示时间过去，动作未发生。 标志词：the next day(morning, year…),the following month(week…),etc. eg：Xiao Qiang said he would go swimming next week. 小强说他下周要去游泳。 The said we should have class tomorrow. 郭老师说我们明天要上课 · was/were going to +动词原形 表示过去计划好、打算好干什么（发生的可能性很大） eg：Miss Guo told us we were going to learn another tense. 郭老师告诉我们，我们准备学另一个时态 Ps：在时间状语和条件状语从句中：主句用一般过去时，从句用过去将来时。 eg：You asked me if we would have class tomorrow just now. 你刚刚问我明天是否要上课 I. 选择填空 　　1. Li Ming said he _____happy if Brian_____to China next month. 　　A. as; come B. was; would come 　　C. would be; came D. will be; come 　　2. Jenny said she _____her holiday in China. 　　A. spent B. would spent 　　C. was going to spent D. would spend 　　3. —What did your son say in the letter? 　　—He told me that he ______ the Disney World the next day. 　　A. will visit          B. has visited 　　C. is going to visit   D. would visit 　　4. I hoped Tina ______ to my birthday party on time the next Wednesday. 　　A. to come  B. is coming 　　C. will come  D. was coming 　　5. Father said that he ______ me to Beijing the next year. 　　A. took   B. would take 　　C. takes   D. will take 　　6. We were not sure whether they ______ more vegetables. 　　A. are going to grow  B. were going to grow 　　C. will grow          D. have grown 　　7. She ______ to work when the telephone rang. 　　A. is going     B. will go 　　C. was about to go  D.  is to go 　　II. 用所给动词的适当形式填空 　　1. Miss Zhang said she ________(visit) the Great Wall next summer. 　　2. She told him that she ________(not stay) here for long. 　　3. I wasn’t sure whether Lucy_______(come) the next year. 　　4. The scientists said the world’s population _______ (slow) down in future. 　　5. She said the bus _______(leave) at five the next morning. 　　6. I wasn't sure whether he _______(lend) me his book the next morning. 　　7. He was fifty-six. In two years he _______(be) fifty-eight. 　　8. Whenever she has time, she ______(help) them in their work. 　　Key: 　　I. 1-7 CDDDBBC 　　II. 1. would visit 2. would not stay 3. would come 4. would slow 5. was leaving 6. would lend 7. would be 8. would help 七、现在完成时 公式：主语 + have/has + V-ed 用法： 1、表示动作已经完成（含“已经”；对现在或将来有影响） eg：肯定：I have already finished my homework.我已经完成我的作业了。 否定：I have not finished myhomework yet.我还没完成我的作业。 疑问：Have you finished your homework yet？ 你已经完成作业了吗？ 2、从过去的某时间开始，一直延续到现在，可能还要延续下去 eg：I have lived in Lei since 2000.我自从2000年开始就在雷州住了. She has lived here for 13 years. 她已经在这里住了13年. ps：since+时间点； “自从、、”； for+时间段 3、到某地去 have/has + been ： 去了已经回来了 have/has + gone ； 去了还没回来了 eg:I have been to Xihu. 我已经去过东湖公园了. Xiao Qiang has gone to Xihu.小强已经去东湖公园了. 1. - You are leaving your schoo1. How do you like _____ it?     - Very much, of course. I _____ this school since I moved here.     A. came to    B. have gone to     C. have been at D. have been to     2. She ought to stop _____, she has a headache because she _____ too long.     A. to work, was reading    B. to work, has read     C. working, has read D. working, read     3. - Why is your brother's English so good?     - Because he _____ New York for six years.     A. has come to    B. has been in     C. has gone to D. has been to     4. - Where's Sam?     - He _____ for France.     A. had left    B. has left     C. left D. will leave     5. - Do you want to see the film "Harry Potter II"?     - The film "Harry Potter II"? I _____ it. It's really wonderful.     A. see    B. have seen     C. was seeing D. had seen     6. - Will you watch the World Cup match this year?     - No, but I _____ several World Cup matches since 1 was a small child.     A. had seen    B. see     C. was seeing D. have seen     7. - 1 want to return the book to Jack, but I can't find him.     - He_____ the library. You can find him there.     A. has been to    B. has gone to     C. has left D. went to     8. Sam _____ his homework yet, so he won't go out with his classmates.     A. finishes    B. hasn't finished     C. has finished D. don't finish  1．D  2．C  3．B  4．B  5．B     6．D  7．B  8．B 八、 过去完成时： 公式：主语+had+过去分词 概念：过去完成时动作发生在过去的过去；即过去的过去。 eg：When I arrived at school，the other boys had already sat here. 当我到达学校的时候，其他男生已经坐在这了 By the end of this morning，we had already learned six tense. 到今天早上为止我们已经学了六个时态 牛刀小试： 一.用动词的适当形式填空 1. We _____________ (paint) the house before we ______________ (move) in. 2. That rich old man _____________ (make) a will before he _____________ (die). 3. They _____________ (study) the map of the country before they ________ (leave). 4. The robbers _____________ (run away ) before the policemen_______  (arrive). 5. I __________ (turn off) all the lights before I ____________ (go) to bed. 二．句型转换 1．I had sold the ticket when she came.（改否定句） 2.By 10:00 a.m, I had been very hungry. （改一般疑问） 3..He had broken his arm when I saw him.（对划线部分提问） 4.We cooked the dumplings. We ate them up. （用过去完成时连接两句） 三、单选 1 When Li Ming hurried home， he found that his mother ____already____to hospital.   A has； been sent   B had； sent   C has； sent  D had； been sent 2 We ____five English songs by the end of last term.     A had learned  B  learned   C have learned   D will have learned 3 Han Mei told me she _____lunch， so she was very hungry.     A has had  B hasn't have  C have had  D hadn't had 4 By the end of 1976， many buildings _____built in the city.     A have been  B have  C had been  D will 5 She _____her keys in the office so she had to wait until her husband ____home.    A has left； comes  B had left； would come  C had left； came  D left； had come  6 He said that it was at least ten years since I _____a good drink.     A had enjoyed  B was enjoying  C have enjoyed  D have been enjoying  7 The meeting _____when Mr. Wang _____to sc