with用法

介詞with用法詳解 介詞with用法詳解 是一個十分有用的介詞，其用法也比較複雜，以下用法值得注意： 1. 表示方式、手段或工具等時（=以，用），注意不要受漢語意思的影響而用錯搭配，如「用英語」習慣上用in English，而不是with English。 2. 與某些抽像名詞連用時，其作用相當於一個副詞。如： with care=carefully 認真地 with kindness=kindly 親切地 with joy=joyfully 高興地 with anger=angrily 生氣地 with sorrow=sorrowfully 悲傷地 with ease=easily 容易地 with delight=delightedly 高興地 with great fluency =very fluently 很流利地 3. 表示條件時，根據情況可與虛擬語氣連用。如： With more money I would be able to buy it. 要是錢多一點，我就買得起了。 With better equipment, we could have finished the job even sooner. 要是設備好些，我們完成這項工作還要快些。 4. 比較with和as：兩者均可表示「隨著」，但前者是介詞，後接名詞或代詞；後者是連詞，用於引導一個句子。比較： He will improve as he grows older. 隨著年齡的增長，他會進步的。 People’s ideas change with the change of the times. 時代變了，人們的觀念也會變化。 5. 復合結構「with+賓語+賓語補足語」是一個很有用的結構，它在句中主要用作狀語，表示伴隨、原因、時間、條件、方式等；其中的賓語補足語可以是名詞、形容詞、副詞、現在分詞、過去分詞、不定式、介詞短語等。如： (1) with+賓語+形容詞 He often sleeps with the windows open. 他常開著窗睡覺。 Don’t speak with your mouth full. 不要滿嘴巴食物說話。 (2) with+賓語+ 副詞 He stood before his teacher with his head down. 他低著頭 站在老師面前。 He was lying on the bed with all his clothes on. 他和衣 躺在床上。 (3) with +賓語+ 介詞短語 She said good-bye with tears in her eyes. 她含著眼淚說了聲再見。 The man was asleep with his head on his arms. 這個人頭枕著胳膊睡著了。 (4) with+賓語+現在分詞 He fell asleep with the lamp burning. 他沒熄燈就睡著了。 I won’t be able to go on holiday with my mother being ill. 因為媽媽有病, 我無法去度假。 (5) with +賓語+ 過去分詞 He sat there with his eyes closed. 他閉目坐在那兒。 All the afternoon he worked with the door locked. 整個下午他都鎖著門在房裡工作。 (6) with +賓語+ 動詞不定式 I can’t go out with all these clothes to wash. 要洗這些衣服, 我無法出去了。 With such good cadres to carry out the Party’s policy we feel safe. 有這樣的好幹部執行黨的政策, 我們感到放心。 (7) with +賓語+ 名詞 He died with his daughter yet a schoolgirl. 他去世時，女兒還是個小學生。 Without介詞用法1.缺乏;沒有;無：Without good health happiness is impossible. 沒有良好的健康，不可能有幸福。/He always goes out without a hat on no matter how cold it is.無論天氣多麼冷，他出門總是不戴帽 子。/Mother cannot live without her child and her child cannot live without her.媽媽沒有她的孩子就不能活，她的孩子沒有她也不能活。/ He always does up to his parents』 biddings without any hesitation.他父母 囑咐他的話他總是毫不猶豫地做 到。 2.(舊用法)在……的外面： Negotiations are carried out within and without the House.磋商在議院內外 進行。/ The king showed so much courtesy to his honoured guests that he met them without the gate of his palace.國王對他的貴賓如此禮遇，他在宮殿大門外迎接他們。 ◆本詞也是副詞(舊用法)，詞義為：在 外面We all detest things fair without and foul within.我們都憎惡外觀美麗內中醜惡的事物。/Children all play indoors because it is cold without.孩子們都在屋裡玩，因為戶外很冷。 A prophet is not without honour， save in his own country. 〈諺語〉 先知者在故鄉無人尊重;外來的和 尚會唸經。A saying goes： a prophet is not without honour，save in his own country，so our factories and enterprises all employ foreign experts with high rewards，though they are not the least better than our own.諺語云：外來的 和尚會唸經，所以我們的工廠企業 都以重金聘請外國專家，雖然他們 一點也不比我們自己的專家高明。 be the better without 如果沒有 (某事物)就更好：Our circumstances will be the better without those chemical works which contaminate the air. 如果沒有那些污染大氣的化工廠， 我們的環境會更好些。 be without a bean 身無分文： These poor people are still very happy though they are without a bean.雖然 那些窮人身無分文，但是他們仍然 非常快樂。 be without bias 不偏不倚;公正： A judge should be without bias so that he can do justice in lawsuits.法官應 當不偏不倚，以便公正對待訟案。 be without side 不擺架子;不自 負：My tutor has attained eminent academic achievements，but he is still humble and prudent，amiable and easy of approach without side.我的導師已 經獲得卓越的學術成就，但他仍然 謙虛謹慎，平易近人，不擺架子。 without的詞性： adv.（副詞） 1. On the outside: 在外部： 用法與例句： a sturdy structure within and without. 內外都很堅固的結構 2. With something absent or lacking: 缺少：在沒有或缺少…的情況下： 用法與例句： had to do without. 沒有只好作罷 without的詞性： prep.Abbr. w/o（介詞）縮寫 w/o 3. Not having; lacking: 沒有；缺少： 用法與例句： a family without a car. 沒有汽車的家庭 4. Not accompanied by; in the absence of: 沒有陪伴；沒有…： 用法與例句： volunteered without hesitation; spoke without thinking. 毫不猶豫地自告奮勇；脫口而出 5. At, on, to, or toward the outside or exterior of: 在外面；對著外面；向著外部： 用法與例句： standing without the door. 站在門外 without的詞性： conj.Regional （連接詞）【區域的】 6. Unless: 除非，如果不： 用法與例句： 「You don't know about me without you have read a book by the name of The Adventures of Tom Sawyer 」 (Mark Twain) 「如果你沒有讀過一本叫湯姆·索亞歷險記 的書的話，你就不知道我」 (馬克·吐溫)