西餐烹饪:
Panfry煎
Grill扒
Roast烤
Saute炒
Braised焖,红烧
Bake焗,烘烤
Deepfry炸
Boil煮
Stew烩
Steam蒸
Marinate &Marinade 腌渍
Stir搅拌
Disioont在关节处切开
Extract the juice榨汁
Stinky 发臭的
Tender嫩的
Charcoal broll炭烧
Served with natural juice配以原汁Glazed有光泽的
Coating 涂保护层
Cuisson慢火煮
Parch干烧
Parboil半熟
Broiled炙的,焙的
Blanching焯水
Reduce heat改小火
Pickled腌渍的
Shelled去壳的
To dress开膛
Delicious美味的
Overdone过火的
Simmered文火煮得
Uncovered揭开盖子
Scalded烫的
Drain控干
Crush砸碎
Rank腥臭的
Highly seasoned味浓的Underdone不熟的
Basting淋以肉汁
Food cooked in water用水煮熟Breading挂面包糠
Concasse捣烂的去皮番茄
Brust egg刷蛋液
Orly面拖,挂面糊Crouton烤面包丁Ragout烩肉Compote烩水果Brochette串烧
In casserole罐焖Barding 裹以咸肉Rare二三分熟Medium rare四分熟Medium五分熟Medium well七八分熟Well – done全熟Charcoal Grilled炭烧Flatten敲打平展
Set凝固
Smoke烟熏
Remove拿走,取走Blend搅匀
Bone剔骨
Peel去皮
Garnish装饰
Hot热
Salty咸
Short酥
Raw生的
Flavor风味
Stuffed酿,填陷Skim撇去
High heat高火Moderate heat中火Lowheat 小火,文火Pour倒,灌
Season调味
Mashed捣碎
Mix混合
Cold冷的
Diced切丁Shredded切丝
Sliced切片
Minced切碎的
Chop切块
Sour酸
Oily油腻的
Fresh新鲜的
Light淡的
Pureed蓉,浓浆
Poach温煮
Cut切
Medium heat中温
Discard弃掉
Cool冷却
Melt溶化
Thicken厚的,变稠的
Sift筛
Sweet甜的
Crisp脆的
Thick浓
食材/原料
A. 面粉类
麵粉/中筋麵粉 Plain flour /all-purpose flour
低筋麵粉/低根粉 cake flour / soft flour / weak flour / low protein flour
高筋麵粉/筋麵/根麵/高根粉 gluten flour / strong flour / bread flour / baker’s flour / high protein flour
小麦面粉 Whole meal flour
全麥麵粉 whole wheat flour
澄麵粉/澄粉/澄麵 non-glutinous flour / wheat flour / wheat starch
自發麵粉 self- raising flour
粗玉米豆粉 polenta / yellow cornmeal
粟粉/粟米粉/玉米粉/玉米澱粉(太白粉?) corn flour / cornstarch
生粉/太白粉/地瓜粉 potato starch / potato flour
樹薯粉/木薯粉/茨粉/菱粉/泰國生粉/太白粉/地瓜粉 Tapioca starch / tapioca flour 蕃薯粉/地瓜粉 sweet potato flour
臭粉/胺粉/阿摩尼亞粉/嗅粉 powdered baking ammonia / carbonate of ammonia / ammonia bicarbonate / ammonia carbonate / hartshorn
發粉/泡打粉/泡大粉/速發粉/蛋糕發粉 baking powder
蘇打粉/小蘇打/梳打粉/小梳打/食粉/重曹 baking soda / bicarb ofsoda
塔塔粉/他他粉 cream of tartar
卡士達粉/蛋黃粉/吉士粉/吉時粉/custard powder
卡士達/克林姆/奶皇餡/蛋奶餡 custard / pastry cream
蛋白粉 egg white powder
粘米粉/黏米粉/在來米粉/在萊米粉/再來米粉 rice flour
糕仔粉 cooked rice flour
糯米粉 glutinous rice flour / sweet rice flour
鳳片粉/熟糯米粉/糕粉/加工糕粉 fried sweet rice flour / fried glutinous rice flour
綠豆粉 mung bean flour / tepung hun kwee
小麥胚芽/麥芽粉 wheat germ
小麥蛋白/麵筋粉 wheat gluten
酵母/酒餅 yeast/ibu roti
麵包糠/麵包屑 breadcrumbs
雜糧預拌粉 multi-grain flour
B. 糖类
黑蔗糖漿/糖蜜/甘蔗糖蜜 molasses
金黃糖漿 golden syrup
楓糖漿/楓樹糖漿/楓糖 maple syrup
玉米糖漿 corn syrup/karo syrup
葡萄糖漿 glucose syrup
麥芽糖漿 barley maltsyrup/maltsyrup
麥芽糖 maltose/malt sugar
焦糖 carmael
果糖 fructos
乳糖 lactose
轉化糖 invert sugar
日式糙米糖漿 amazake
綿花糖霜 marshmallow cream cream
冰糖 rock sugar
椰糖/爪哇紅糖 palm sugar/gula malacca
黃砂糖 brown sugar
紅糖/黑糖 dark brown sugar
粗糖/黑砂糖 muscovado sugar
金砂糖 demerara sugar
原蔗糖 raw sugar/raw cane sugar/unrefined cane sugar
白砂糖/粗砂糖 white sugar/refined sugar/refined cane sugar/coarse granulated sugar 細砂糖/幼砂糖/ 幼糖 castor sugar / caster sugar(适用于做糕点)
糖份混合物 icing sugar mixture
糖粉 icing sugar/confectioners’ sugar
糖霜/點綴霜 icing/frosting
蜜葉糖/甜葉菊 stevia/honey leaf
代糖/阿斯巴甜 aspartame/sweetener/sugar substitute
什色糖珠
巧克力米/朱古力米 chocolate vermicelli
巧克力削/朱古力削 chocolate curls
巧克力珠/朱古力珠 choc bits/chocolate chips
耐烤巧克力豆 choc bits (澳洲的英文名) / chocolate chips (美國、加拿大的英文名)
C.
抹荼粉 green tea powder
馬蹄粉 water chestnut flour
葛粉 arrowroot flour
杏仁粉 almond flour/almond mieal
海苔粉 ground seaweed
涼粉/仙草 grass jelly
椰絲/椰茸/椰子粉 desiccated coconut/shredded coconut
果子凍/果凍粉/啫喱 jelly
魚膠粉/吉利丁/明膠 gelatine sheets/powdered gelatine
大菜/大菜絲/菜燕/燕菜精/洋菜/洋菜粉/瓊脂 agar powder
白礬 alum
硼砂 borax
石膏 gypsum
鹼水/(木見)水/ 碳酸钾 alkaline water/lye water/potassium carbonate
食用色素 food colouring
香草豆/香草莢/香草片/香子蘭莢 vanilla bean/vanilla pod
香草精/雲尼拉香精/凡尼拉香精 vanilla extract/vanilla essence
香草粉 vanilla powder
班蘭粉/香蘭粉 ground pandan/ground screwpine leaves/serbok daun pandan 班蘭精/香蘭精 pandan paste/pasta pandan
玫瑰露/玫瑰露精 rosewater/rosewater essence essence
皮屑 grated zest/grated rind
D.
牛油/奶油 butter
軟化牛油 soft butter
瑪珈琳/瑪琪琳/乳瑪琳/雅瑪琳/人造奶油/菜油 margarine
起酥油/起酥瑪琪琳 pastry margarine / oleo margarine
豬油/白油/大油/板油 lard / cooking fat
酥油/雪白奶油 shortening
硬化椰子油 copha
椰油 Creamed Coconut
烤油 dripping
牛油忌廉 butter cream
淡忌廉 light cream/coffee cream/table cream
鮮奶油/忌廉/鮮忌廉 cream/whipping cream
包括﹕1 light whipping cream
2 heavy whipping cream/heavy cream/thickened cream
3 double cream/pure cream
酸奶油/酸忌廉/酸奶酪/酸乳酪 sour cream
酸奶 butter milk
牛奶/鮮奶/鮮乳 milk
奶粉 powdered milk / milk powder
花奶/淡奶/奶水/蒸發奶/蒸發奶水 evaporated milk
煉奶 condensedmilk/sweetened condensed milk
起士/起司/芝士/乳酪/奶酪/乾酪/乳餅 cheese
起司粉 powdered cheese
奶油起司/芝士忌廉/奶油乳酪/凝脂乳酪 cream cheese
瑪斯卡波尼起司/馬司卡膨起司/馬斯卡波涅起司/義大利乳酪 mascarpone cheese 優格/乳果/酸奶/酸乳酪 yoghurt
優酪乳 yoghurt drink/drinking yoghurt
E.
麵包/麵飽 bread
土司麵包/吐司 toast
法式吐司 french toast
裸麥麵包 rye bread
派/批 pie
塔/撻 tart
凍派/凍批 cream pie
蛋塔 egg tart / custard tart
法式蛋塔 quiche lorraine
戚風蛋糕 chiffon cake
海綿蛋糕 sponge cake
泡芙 choux pastry / puff
瑪琳/焗蛋泡 meringue
蛋蜜乳eggnog
可麗餅 crepe
煎餅/熱餅/薄烤餅 pancake
厚鬆餅 pikelet / hotcake
墨西哥麵餅 tortillas
曲奇 cookies
慕斯/慕思 mousse
布甸/布丁 pudding
司康/比司吉scones
舒芙蕾 souffles
洋芋塊 hash brown
英式鬆餅/瑪芬麵包 english muffin
鬆糕/瑪芬 american muffin
格子鬆餅 waffle
手指餅乾 sponge fingers / ladyfingers / savoiardi (義大利名)
蘇打餅干 saltine crackers
威化餅乾 wafer biscuit
F. 干果/果脯
腰子豆/腰果/腰果仁/介壽果 cashew nut
花生 peanut
瓜子/南瓜子 pepitas / dried pumpkin seeds
崧子/松子仁 pine nut
栗子 chestnut
干粟子 dried chestuts
核桃/核桃仁/合桃/胡桃 walnut
杏仁/杏仁片/扁桃 almond
北杏/苦杏仁 apricot kernel / chinese almond / bitter almond
南杏 apricot kernel
榛果/榛仁 hazelnut / filbert / cobnut
開心果/阿月渾子 pistachio
堅果/澳洲堅果/夏威夷果/澳洲胡桃/澳洲栗/澳洲核桃/昆士蘭龍眼/昆士蘭栗macadamia / california nut
山胡桃/胡桃 pecan
石鼓仔/馬加拉/油桐子 candlenut / buah keras
白果/銀杏 ginkgo nut
罌粟子 poppy seed
亞答子 atap seed
乾椰絲 dessicated coconut
龍眼乾/龍眼肉/桂圓/圓肉 dried longan
葡萄乾 raisin / dried currant
無花果乾 dried fig
柿餅 dried persimmon
桃脯 dried peach
杏脯 dried apricot
蘋果脯/蘋果乾 dried apple
蜜漬櫻桃/露桃/車梨子glace cherry/candied cherry
蜜漬鳳梨 glace pineapple/candied pineapple
糖水批把 Loquats in syrup
杏子酱 Apricot jam
杏桃果膠 apricot glaze
水蜜桃罐頭 peaches in syrup
切片水蜜桃罐頭 sliced peaches in syrup
綜合水果罐頭 cocktail fruit in syrup
G.
味精monosodium glutamate
醋 vinegar
白醋(工研醋) rice vinegar
白醋 white vinegar (西洋料理用的)
烏醋 black vinggar
酱油 soy sauce
蚝油 oyster sauce
麻油 sesame oil
白酒 white spirits
加饭酒 rice wine
桂花酒 osmanthus-flavored wine
芝麻酱 Sesame paste
辣椒醬 chili sauce
牛頭牌沙荼醬 bull head barbecue sauce/Chinese barbecue sauce 南乳 ermented red beancurd
薑粉 ginger powder
调味蕃茄醬 ketchup
蕃茄醬 tomato sauce (普通甜的)
蕃茄醬 tomato paste (義大利料理用的)
豆辦醬 chilli bean sauce
XO醬 XO sauce
豆豉 salt black bean
薏米 pearl barley
西贾米 Sago
沙莪粒/西米/小茨丸 pearl sago/pearl tapioca
紅豆沙/烏豆沙 red bean paste
綠豆片 split mung bean
芝麻 Sesame Seeds
蓮子 lotus seed
蓮蓉 lotus paste
栗蓉 chestnut puree / chestnut paste
蜜棗 preserved red dates
紅棗 chinese red dates
棗泥 red date paste
百合 dried lily bulb
金针 Tiger lily buds
陳皮 dried orange peel/dried tangerine peel
豆腐 Tofu
腐竹 dried beancurd sticks
腐皮 beancurd sheet
酸菜 pickled mustard-green
蒸山芋 steamed sweet potatoes
咸黄瓜 salted cucumber
脱水蒜粒 dehydrated garlic granules
冬菇 dried black mushroom
木耳 Mu-er
黑木耳 black fungus / wood ear fungus / dried black fungus
海带 sea vegetable / Sea weed
燒海苔 toasted nori seaweed / roasted seaweed sushi nori
板海苔 nori seaweed / dried sea laver
燕菜 agar-agar
蝦米 dried shrimp
鱼干 dried fish
鹹蛋黃 salted egg yolk
皮蛋(糖心/ 硬心)preserved duck eggs (soft and hard yolk) 咸鸭蛋salted duck eggs
牛肉粒 dried beef cubes
牛肉片 dried beef sliced
猪肉松 dried pork floss
腊鸭 preserved duck
鸭肫干preserved duck gizzard
烤鸭 roasted duck
方便面 instant noodles
面条 noodles
米粉 rice-noodle
粉丝 silk noodles
餛鈍皮 wonton wrapper/wonton skins
水餃皮 dumpling wrapper / dumpling skins /gyoza wrapper. 春捲皮 spring roll wrapper , egg roll wrapper
调料:
Allspice--------------- 香辣椒,多香果,牙买加胡椒Anise (star anise)----- 大茴香,八角,大料
Aniseed --------------- 大茴香子
Basil ----------------- 罗勒,紫苏,九层塔
Bay leaf--------------- 香叶,月桂树叶
Caper------------------ 马槟榔
Caraway --------------- 藏茴香果,葛缕子,页蒿Cardamom -------------- 小豆蔻
Cayenne pepper--------- 辣椒,牛角椒
Chive ----------------- 细香葱,虾夷葱
Cinnamon -------------- 肉桂
Clove------------------ 丁香
Coriander-------------- 芫荽,香菜,胡芫
Cumin------------------ 孜然,小茴香,枯茗
Dill ------------------ 莳萝
Fennel----------------- 茴香
Fenugreek ------------- 胡芦巴
Hop-------------------- 忽布,啤酒花
Horseradish------------ 山葵,辣根
Laurel----------------- 月桂
Mint------------------- 薄荷
Mustard---------------- 芥末
Nutmeg----------------- 肉豆蔻
Oregano---------------- 牛至, 阿里根努
Paprika---------------- 红辣椒粉
Parsley --------------- 欧芹,洋芫荽洋香菜
Poppy seed ------------ 罂粟种子
Rosemary -------------- 迷迭香
Saffron --------------- 藏红花,番红花
Sage------------------- 鼠尾草,洋苏草Tarragon--------------- 龙蒿,蛇蒿,菌陈蒿Thyme ----------------- 百里香,麝香草Turmeric -------------- 姜黄
vanilla --------------- 香草,香子兰Wormwood -------------- 苦艾,蒿
杂烩:
餐具:
coffee pot 咖啡壶
coffee cup 咖啡杯
paper towel 纸巾
napkin 餐巾
table cloth 桌布
tea -pot 茶壶
tea set 茶具
tea tray 茶盘
caddy 茶罐
dish 碟
plate 盘
saucer 小碟子
rice bowl 饭碗
chopsticks 筷子
soup spoon 汤匙
knife 餐刀
cup 杯子
glass 玻璃杯
mug 马克杯
picnic lunch 便当
fruit plate 水果盘
toothpick 牙签
中餐:
bear\'s paw 熊掌
breast of deer 鹿脯
beche-de-mer; sea cucumber 海参 sea sturgeon 海鳝
salted jelly fish 海蜇皮
kelp, seaweed 海带
abalone 鲍鱼
shark fin 鱼翅
scallops 干贝
lobster 龙虾
bird\'s nest 燕窝
roast suckling pig 考乳猪
pig\'s knuckle 猪脚
boiled salted duck 盐水鸭
preserved meat 腊肉
barbecued pork 叉烧
sausage 香肠
fried pork flakes 肉松
BAR-B-Q 烤肉
meat diet 荤菜
vegetables 素菜
meat broth 肉羹
local dish 地方菜
Cantonese cuisine 广东菜 set meal 客饭
curry rice 咖喱饭
fried rice 炒饭
plain rice 白饭
crispy rice 锅巴
gruel, soft rice , porridge 粥 noodles with gravy 打卤面 plain noodle 阳春面
casserole 砂锅
chafing dish, fire pot 火锅 meat bun 肉包子
shao-mai 烧麦
preserved bean curd 腐乳
bean curd 豆腐
fermented blank bean 豆豉 pickled cucumbers 酱瓜
preserved egg 皮蛋
salted duck egg 咸鸭蛋
dried turnip 萝卜干
西餐与日本料理:
menu 菜单
French cuisine 法国菜
today\'s special 今日特餐
chef\'s special 主厨特餐
buffet 自助餐
fast food 快餐
specialty 招牌菜
continental cuisine 欧式西餐 aperitif 饭前酒
dim sum 点心
French fires 炸薯条
baked potato 烘马铃薯
mashed potatoes 马铃薯泥 omelette 简蛋卷
pudding 布丁
pastries 甜点
pickled vegetables 泡菜
kimchi 韩国泡菜
crab meat 蟹肉
prawn 明虾
conch 海螺
escargots 田螺braised beef 炖牛肉 bacon 熏肉
poached egg 荷包蛋
sunny side up 煎一面荷包蛋
over 煎两面荷包蛋
fried egg 煎蛋
over easy 煎半熟蛋
over hard 煎全熟蛋
scramble eggs 炒蛋
boiled egg 煮蛋
stone fire pot 石头火锅
sashi 日本竹筷
sake 日本米酒
miso shiru 味噌汤
roast meat 铁板烤肉
sashimi 生鱼片
butter 黄油