英语专业翻译资格二级笔译考试题

中国外文局翻译专业资格考评中心 版权所有 第 1 页 共 9 页 2004 年 5 月英语二级笔译实务试题 试题部分： Section 1: English-Chinese Translation (英译汉) (60 points) This section consists of two parts: Part A “Compulsory Translation” and Part B “Optional Translations” which comprises “Topic 1” and “Topic 2”. Translate the passage in Part A and your choice from passages in Part B into Chinese. Write “Compulsory Translation” above your translation of Part A and write “Topic 1” or “Topic 2” above your translation of the passage from Part B. The time for this section is 100 minutes. Part A Compulsory Translation (必译题)（30 points） The first outline of The Ascent of Man was written in July 1969 and the last foot of film was shot in December 1972. An undertaking as large as this, though wonderfully exhilarating, is not entered lightly. It demands an unflagging intellectual and physical vigour, a total immersion, which I had to be sure that I could sustain with pleasure; for instance, I had to put off researches that I had already begun; and I ought to explain what moved me to do so. There has been a deep change in the temper of science in the last 20 years: the focus of attention has shifted from the physical to the life sciences. As a result, science is drawn more and more to the study of individuality. But the interested spectator is hardly aware yet how far-reaching the effect is in changing the image of man that science moulds. As a mathematician trained in physics, I too would have been unaware, had not a series of lucky chances taken me into the life sciences in middle age. I owe a debt for the good fortune that carried me into two seminal fields of science in one lifetime; and though I do not know to whom the debt is due, I conceived The Ascent of Man in gratitude to repay it. The invitation to me from the British Broadcasting Corporation was to present the development of science in a series of television programmes to match those of Lord Clark on Civilisation. Television is an admirable medium for exposition in several ways: powerful and immediate to the eye, able to take the spectator bodily into the places and processes that are described, and conversational enough to make him conscious that what he witnesses are not events but the actions of people. The last of these merits is to my mind the most cogent, and it weighed most with me in agreeing to cast a personal biography of ideas in the form of television essays. The 中国外文局翻译专业资格考评中心 版权所有 第 2 页 共 9 页 point is that knowledge in general and science in particular does not consist of abstract but of man-made ideas, all the way from its beginnings to its modern and idiosyncratic models. Therefore the underlying concepts that unlock nature must be shown to arise early and in the simplest cultures of man from his basic and specific faculties. And the development of science which joins them in more and more complex conjunctions must be seen to be equally human: discoveries are made by men, not merely by minds, so that they are alive and charged with individuality. If television is not used to make these thoughts concrete, it is wasted. Part B Optional Translations（二选一题）（30 points） Topic 1 (选题一) It’s not that we are afraid of seeing him stumble, of scribbling a mustache over his career. Sure, the nice part of us wants Mike to know we appreciate him, that he still reigns, at least in our memory. The truth, though, is that we don’t want him to come back because even for Michael Jordan, this would be an act of hubris so monumental as to make his trademark confidence twist into conceit. We don’t want him back on the court because no one likes a show-off. The stumbling? That will be fun. But we are nice people, we Americans, with 225 years of optimism at our backs. Days ago when M.J. said he had made a decision about returning to the NBA in September, we got excited. He had said the day before, “I look forward to playing, and hopefully I can get to that point where I can make that decision. It’s O.K., to have some doubt, and it’s O.K. to have some nervousness.” A Time/CNN poll last week has Americans, 2 to 1, saying they would like him on the court ASAP. And only 21 percent thought that if he came back and just completely bombed, it would damage his legend. In fact only 28 percent think athletes should retire at their peak. Sources close to him tell Time that when Jordan first talked about a comeback with the Washington Wizards, the team Jordan co-owns and would play for, some of his trusted advisers privately tried to discourage him. “But they say if they try to stop him, it will only firm up his resolve,” says an NBA source. The problem with Jordan’s return is not only that he can’t possibly live up to the storybook ending he gave up in 1998 — earning his sixth ring with a last-second championship-winning shot. The problem is that the motives for coming back — needing the attention, needing to play even when his 38-year-old body does not — violate the very myth of Jordan, the myth of absolute control. Babe Ruth, the 20th century’s first star, was a gust of fat bravado and drunken talent, while Jordan ended 中国外文局翻译专业资格考评中心 版权所有 第 3 页 共 9 页 the century by proving the elegance of resolve; Babe’s pointing to the bleachers replaced by the charm of a backpedaling shoulder shrug. Jordan symbolized success by not sullying his brand with his politics, his opinion or superstar personality. To be a Jordan fan was to be a fan of classiness and confidence. To come back when he knows that playing for Wizards won’t get him anywhere near the second round of the play-offs, when he knows that he won’t be the league scoring leader, that’s a loss of control. Jordan does not care what we think. Friends say that he takes articles that tell him not to come back and tacks them all on his refrigerator as inspiration. So why bother writing something telling him not to come back? He is still Michael Jordan. Topic 2 (选题二) Even after I was too grown-up to play that game and too grown-up to tell my mother that I loved her, I still believed I was the best daughter. Didn’t I run all the way up to the terrace to check on the drying mango pickles whenever she asked? As I entered my teens, it seemed that I was becoming an even better, more loving daughter. Didn’t I drop whatever I was doing each afternoon to go to the corner grocery to pick up any spices my mother had run out of? My mother, on the other hand, seemed more and more unloving to me. Some days she positively resembled a witch as she threatened to pack me off to my second uncle’s home in provincial Barddhaman — a fate worse than death to a cool Calcutta girl like me — if my grades didn’t improve. Other days she would sit me down and tell me about “Girls Who Brought Shame to Their Families”. There were apparently, a million ways in which one could do this, and my mother was determined that I should be cautioned against every one of them. On principle, she disapproved of everything I wanted to do, from going to study in America to perming my hair, and her favorite phrase was “over my dead body.” It was clear that I loved her far more than she loved me — that is, if she loved me at all. After I finished graduate school in America and got married, my relationship with my mother improved a great deal. Though occasionally dubious about my choice of a writing career, overall she thought I’d shaped up nicely. I thought the same about her. We established a rhythm: She’d write from India and give me all the gossip and send care packages with my favorite kind of mango pickle; I’d call her from the United States and tell her all the things I’d been up to and send care packages with instant vanilla pudding, for which she’d developed a great fondness. We loved each other equally — or so I believed until my first son, Anand, was born. My son’s birth shook up my neat, organized, in-control adult existence in ways I 中国外文局翻译专业资格考评中心 版权所有 第 4 页 共 9 页 hadn’t imagined. I went through six weeks of being shrouded in an exhausted fog of postpartum depression. As my husband and I walked our wailing baby up and down through the night, and I seriously contemplated going AWOL, I wondered if I was cut out to be a mother at all. And mother love — what was that all about? Then one morning, as I was changing yet another diaper, Anand grinned up at me with his toothless gums. Hmm, I thought. This little brown scrawny thing is kind of cute after all. Things progressed rapidly from there. Before I knew it, I’d moved the extra bed into the baby’s room and was spending many nights on it, bonding with my son. Section 2: Chinese-English Translation (汉译英) (40 points) This section consists of two parts: Part A “Compulsory Translation” and Part B “Optional Translations” which comprises “Topic 1” and “Topic 2”. Translate the passage in Part A and your choice from passages in Part B into English. Write “Compulsory Translation” above your translation of Part A and write “Topic 1” or “Topic 2” above your translation of the passage from Part B. The time for this section is 80 minutes. Part A Compulsory Translation (必译题)（20 points） 奥林匹克运动的生命力和非凡魅力在于在奥林匹克运动中居核心地位的奥 林匹克精神。体育的目的在于追求人类身心全面发展，并在此基础上促进社会的 发展和进步。现代奥林匹克运动的创始人顾拜旦（Pieere de Coubertin）认为体育 是全人类的一项伟大事业。他将奥林匹克运动的目标设定为促进不同国家、不同 文化之间的相互理解，从而促进和维护世界和平，推进人类文明。这一理想使奥 林匹克运动得以经百年而不衰。作为全世界奥林匹克大家庭成员的一个盛大聚 会，奥林匹克运动已经成为促进世界和平、进步与发展的一只重要社会力量。 Part B Optional Translations（二选一题）（20 points） Topic 1 (选题一) 近年来，中国经济保持快速发展，为世界经济发展注入了活力。实践证明了 中国在加入世贸组织之前的预言：中国的发展离不开世界，世界的发展需要中国。 中国外文局翻译专业资格考评中心 版权所有 第 5 页 共 9 页 未来 20 年，在全面建设小康社会的进程中，中国一定会对世界经济的发展和实 现全人类的共同进步做出历史性的贡献。为此，中国将继续扩大外贸，大力实施 西部大开发战略，进一步改善投资环境，为外商提供更大的商机。同时，中国将 引导和支持更多有比较优势的企业对外投资，开展平等互利、形式多样的经济技 术合作。中国将进一步加强双边、多边和区域经济合作，实现世界各国各地区的 共同发展。 Topic 2 (选题二) 移动电话正在成为 21 世纪一个主要的技术领域。在几年之内，移动电话将 会发展成为多功能的通信工具，除了语音之外，还可以传输和接收视频信号、静 止图像、数据和文本。个人通信的新纪元即将到来。 在一定程度上多亏了无线网络的发展，电话正在与个人电脑和电视融合起 来。不久之后，配有高分辨率显示屏的轻巧手机便可以与卫星连接。人们可以随 时随地通话，收发电子邮件或者参加视像电话会议。这种手机也许还会吸收电脑 的许多主要功能。移动通信工具有望带来一些互联网所能提供的新服务，如股票 交易、购物及预订戏票和飞机票。 电信革命已在全球范围内展开。不久之后，用一台装置就可以收到几乎任何 形式的电子通信信号。最有可能的是一部三合一手机。在家里它可以用作无绳电 话，在路上用作移动电话，在办公室里用作内部通话装置。有些专家甚至认为移 动视像电话将超过电视，成为主要的视频信息来源。 部分： Section 1：英译汉(60 分) 《必译题》(30 分) 《人类的进程》一书的提纲初稿是 1969 年 7 月完成的，影片的最后一部分 是 1972 年 12 月拍摄的。像这样大的一个项目，虽然异常精彩，令人激动，却并 不是轻易上马的。它要求我保持旺盛的脑力和体力，专心致志地投入工作。我还 必须能持之以恒，并从中得到乐趣；比方说，我不得不停下已经开始的研究工作； 我还应当说明一下，究竟是什么促使我承担这项工作的。 二十年来，科学的发展趋势发生了深刻的变化：关注的焦点已经从自然科学 中国外文局翻译专业资格考评中心 版权所有 第 6 页 共 9 页 转移到生命科学。结果，便把科学越来越吸引到个体特性的研究。然而相关的观 察者几乎没有认识到此事对于改变科学塑造的人的形象产生了多么深远的影响。 我是一个研究数学的人，后来学了物理学，若不是中年有幸有几次机会涉足生命 科学，我也不会有所认识。我应当感谢我交的好运，是它使我在一生中参与了两 个创新的科学领域。尽管我并不知道应该向谁表示感谢，我编写了《人类的进程》 一书，以表示我的感激之情。 英国广播公司邀请我做的是通过一套电视节目来表现科学的发展过程，以与 克拉克勋爵制作的关于文明的电视节目相匹配。通过电视来进行解说有几大好 处：它有力、直观，能使观众身临其境或亲身参与所描述的过程，它的语言亲切， 能使观众觉得他所看到的是人们的行动而不是事件。这些优点之中，我认为最后 一点最为突出，它是一股最大的动力促使我同意以电视散文的方式从个人的角度 来讲述各种思想的发展史。重要的是知识总体，尤其是科学知识不是由抽象的思 想构成的，而是由人的思想构成的，自有知识开始直到现代千奇百怪的模式莫不 如此。所以介绍打开自然界之门的基本思想，必须表现出它们很早就已产生，而 且是产生在人类最纯朴的文化之中，产生于人类基本的、具体的感官之中。同时 还必须表现出使种种思想形成越来越复杂的结合体的科学的发展也同样是人类 的贡献：种种发现都是人的产物，而不仅仅是头脑的产物，因此它们都是有生气 的，而且具有个人的特色。如果电视未能把这些思想表现得很具体，那岂不是浪 费！ 《二选一题》(30 分) 《选题一》 不是因为我们害怕看到他会失误，给他辉煌的生涯上画上遗憾的一笔。从善 意的角度说，我们想让迈克知道，我们仍然欣赏他，至少在我们的记忆中，他仍 然是英雄。事实上，我们不想让他重返球场，即使他是迈克尔•乔丹。我们觉得 这是个贸然之举，我们不想看到自信的商标蜕变成一种自负的象征。我们不想让 他重返球场，因为没人喜欢卖弄。失误呢? 那将会很有趣。 但是我们是有着 225 年乐观历史的美国人，我们都是好心人。当乔丹几天前 宣布他将在九月重返 NBA 时，我们曾为之一振。宣布的前一天，他说过：“我 盼望能打球，并希望事情能如愿以偿。有些人怀疑，有些人紧张，都属正常。” 《时代》周刊和美国有线新闻网上周做得一项民意调查表明，每两个美国人当中 就有一个人希望乔丹尽快重返赛场。只有 21%的人们认为，如果他的重返导致一 场彻底失败，将会损害他的传奇。事实上只有 28%的人认为运动员应该在他的运 中国外文局翻译专业资格考评中心 版权所有 第 7 页 共 9 页 动巅峰时期引退。 与乔丹关系密切的人告诉《时代》周刊，当乔丹第一次谈到重返他与其他人 共同拥有的华盛顿奇才队并为之效力时，一些他最信任的顾问试图私下打消他的 愿望。“但他们说，如果试图阻止他，只能坚定他的决心，”一位 NBA 的人士如 是说。 乔丹重返所产生的问题不仅仅在于他不可能重现在 1998 年的神话，那一年， 他以一个精彩的最后一秒投篮，使球队赢得了冠军，也为自己赢得了第六只金指 环。问题是他重返的动机—他需要人们的关注，需要在 38 岁体力不支时，仍然 打球。这一切都有悖于他所创造的神话——一个展示绝对控制力的神话。如果说 二十世纪的第一个球星巴比•鲁斯是一个身材魁梧肥胖的鲁莽之夫和酒鬼天才， 乔丹则证明了刚毅所能带来的优雅风度，并以此结束了二十世纪。巴比对观众的 颐指气使被乔丹无奈耸肩的魅力所取代。 乔丹代表着成功，因为他的名字没有 被他的政治倾向，他的观点或是他的超级明星个性所玷污。乔丹迷就是典雅和自 信迷。 明明知道加盟奇才队他将不可能进入联赛第二轮赛事，明明知道他将与联赛 最佳投手无缘，他的重返赛场就是一种失控。 乔丹并不在乎我们在想什么。他的朋友说：他把所有奉劝他不要复出的文章 都贴在冰箱上作为激励。那么，我们为什么还要喋喋不休地告诉他不要复出呢？ 他依然是迈克尔•乔丹。 《选题二》 即使我长大些，不再适合做这样的游戏，不再对母亲说我爱她，我仍然相信 自己是世上最好的女儿。难道不是吗？每当母亲吩咐，我不是总一路跑着到阳台 去察看晒在那儿的腌芒果？ 当我步入少年，我好像变成了一个更乖更可爱的女儿。难道不是吗？每天下 午，当妈妈需要新的调料，我不是总放下手头的工作去街角的杂货店帮她买？ 另一方面，我的母亲对我的爱却好像越来越少。有时她活像个巫婆，因为她 威胁如果我的学习成绩还没有起色，就要把我送到远在巴哈马乡下的二叔家—— 这对于像我这样心高气傲的加尔各答女孩而言，将是比死亡更悲惨的命运。有时 她又会让我坐着听她讲有关“带给家庭耻辱的女孩”的故事。显然一个人会面对 许多变坏的可能，因此母亲决心让我对每个可能都保持警惕。基本上，她对我想 做的每一件事都持反对，从去美国学习到烫头发。她的口头禅是“除非我死 了”。很明显，我对母亲的爱远远超过了她对我的爱——如果她爱我的话。 当我结束了在美国的研究生学习并结了婚，我和母亲的关系改善了许多。虽 然偶尔她还对我的当作家的选择表示怀疑，但总的来说她认为我做的事情还算不 中国外文局翻译专业资格考评中心 版权所有 第 8 页 共 9 页 错。对于她我也这样认为。我们之间建立起一种循环：她从印度写信给我，告诉 我各种趣闻，并寄来我最喜欢的腌芒果；我从美国打电话给她，告诉她我打算做 的事情，并寄去她喜欢的香草布丁。我们的爱是对等的——至少在我的儿子阿南 德出生前，我是这样认为的。 儿子的降生一下子打乱了我平静、规律、有秩序的生活，使我措手不及。出 院后的六周里，我一直被产后抑郁症的阴影包围着。当夜里我和我的丈夫抱着哭 闹不止的儿子，走来走去哄他睡觉，我开始认真考虑是否要“撤退”。我怀疑自 己是否适合做母亲。母爱——究竟是什么？ 有一天清晨，我在为阿南德换尿布，他突然咧开没有牙的嘴，冲我笑起来。 那一刻我在想，这个褐色的瘦弱的小东西毕竟还是很可爱的。之后事情就进展得 很顺利了。不知不觉之间，我已在婴儿室里添了一张床并在很多天晚上睡在那儿， 陪着我心爱的宝贝。 Section 2：汉译英 (40 分) 《必译题》(20 分) The vitality and special appeal of the Olympic Games lie in the Olympic spirit， which is the soul of the Games. The goal of sports is to pursue comprehensive physical and mental development and，on the basis of this，to accelerate social progress. Pierre de Coubertin，founder of the modern Olympiad，considered sports a great undertaking of humanity. The goal of the Olympic Movement defined by him is to promote understanding among different countries and cultures，maintain world peace and advance human civilization. This ideal has enabled the Olympic Games to thrive for more than a century. The Olympic Games have been a grand gathering of members of the Olympic family throughout the world，and the Olympic Movement has become a major social force to promote world peace，progress and development. 《二选一题》(20 分) 《选题一》 In recent years，China’s economy has maintained rapid development，injecting vigor into global economic growth. Facts have confirmed the prediction made by China before its WTO accession: China’s development cannot be sustained without the world，and world development needs China. In the coming 20 years，China is 中国外文局翻译专业资格考评中心 版权所有 第 9 页 共 9 页 bound to make historic contributions to global economic development and to the common progress of mankind，while building a well-off society in an all-round way. To achieve this，China will continue to expand foreign trade，energetically implement its west development strategy，further improve its investment environment，and provide overseas investors with greater business opportunities. Meanwhile，it will guide and support competitive enterprises to invest overseas and carry out diverse forms of economic and technological cooperation on the basis of equality and mutual benefit. China will further intensify bilateral，multilateral and regional economic cooperation，so as to achieve common development in all countries and regions in the world. 《选题二》 The cell phone is becoming one of the major technologies of the 21st century. Within a few years, it will become a multi-functional communicator capable of transmitting and receiving not only sound, but also video, still images, data and text. A new era of personal communication is on the way. Thanks in part to the growth of wireless networks, the telephone is converging with the personal computer and the television. Soon light-weight phones outfitted with high-resolution screens will be connected to satellites. People can talk, send and receive e-mail, or take part in video conferences anytime, anywhere. These phones might also absorb many of the key functions of computers. Mobile devices are expected to be ideal for some of the new services that are available via the Internet, such as trading stocks, shopping and booking theater and airline tickets. The telecommunication revolution is developing around the globe. It will soon be possible to receive almost all forms of electronic communication through a single device. A three-in-one phone is most likely. It can serve as a cordless at home, a cell phone on the road and an intercom at work. Some experts even suggest that cell videophones could overtake television as the major source of visual information.