Crystallization - Wikipedia

1 高口复习模拟题 使用说明 在准备口译二阶段考试的时候，很多同学可能都会觉得很焦虑。 大家都知道《高级口译教程》的重要性，因为每次二阶段考试都会有 篇章出自课本，但看到这么一本厚书又不知道该如何着手。为了让同 学们的复习有方向，有效果，我们精心为同学们准备了 30303030篇模拟题， 这些模拟题都是选自课本，当然，我们不是完全照抄课本，而是把课 本中的精华挑选出来，再重新组合而成。我们可以负责任的说，我们 出的模拟题和真题有高度的相似性。 在使用我们给同学们准备的模拟题的时候，请同学们切忌：不要 急着看译文，一定要自己先试着口译出来，再去核对译文。NoNoNoNo PainPainPainPainssss， nononono gains.gains.gains.gains. 越是轻易得到的也越容易失去。如果有条件的话，同学们 还可以自己利用电脑录音，把要口译的句子录下来，再对着录音口译 ， 这样效果会更好。我们这次本应该给同学们提供录音的，但是考虑到 这次同学们考试在即，希望在第一时间把复习资料送到你们的手中， 所以这一次就没有配录音，希望同学们包含。 最后，祝同学们考出好成绩！ 昂立教育 顾微 2009200920092009年 4444月 3333日 2 汉译英 Passage 1 近代中国经历了一段积贫积弱、任人宰割的历史。落后就要挨打，这是中国人民从屡遭 外来侵略的悲惨经历中得出的刻骨铭心的教训。一个国家只有首先自强，才能在世界上自立。 一百多年来，中国人民为实现中华民族伟大复兴的目标进行了不懈努力。// 中华人民共和国成立后，中国人民自力更生、改革开放、与时俱进，在社会主义建设中 取得了举世瞩目的伟大成就。当前，中国人民坚定不移地抓住发展这个第一要务，正满怀信 心地为全面建设小康社会、实现现代化而团结奋斗。// China experienced a period of enduring impoverishment and long-standing debility in its modern history and was for a time at the mercy of other countries. Lagging behind leaves one vulnerable to attacks, which is the never-forgotten lesson the Chinese people have learnt from their tragic experience of repeated foreign invasions. A country has to strengthen itself before it can be sure of its place in the world. For over a hundred years, the Chinese people have made unremitting efforts toward the goal of rejuvenating the nation.// Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China, the Chinese people, through self- reliance, have carried out the national program of reform and opening up and, by keeping pace with the times, have made great achievements in building socialism that have caught the attention of the world. At present, the Chinese people stay focused on the primary task of development, working together with full confidence to build a moderately prosperous society in all respects and striving to achieve modernization.// Passage 2 中方重视美方在贸易不平衡、知识产权保护等问题上的关切，已经并将继续采取积极措 施逐步加以解决。中方不追求长期对美贸易顺差，将继续履行入世承诺，进一步向美国产品 开放市场。中国政府高度重视并将继续加强知识产权保护工作。我们已经降低了对侵犯知识 产权的刑事处罚门槛，已经并将进一步加大执法力度，开展保护知识产权专项整治行动。// 解决中美经贸摩擦等问题需要双方共同采取行动。我们希望美方承认中国完全市场经济 地位，取消对华出口商品和技术的限制，纠正贸易保护主义的错误做法。增加对华出口，而 不是限制自华进口，才是解决贸易不平衡的正确途径。// China pays great attention to U.S. concerns about trade imbalances, IPR protection and others, and has taken, and will continue to take, effective steps to address them gradually. China is not after prolonged surplus in trade with the United States, and will continue to honor its WTO commitments by opening its market still wider to U.S. products. The Chinese Government attaches great importance to IPR protection and will step up its measures in this regard. We have lowered the threshold for criminal penalties against IPR infringement, intensified law enforcement and launched IPR protection campaigns. These measures will continue to be implemented.// It takes the efforts of both China and the United States to address their economic and trade frictions. We hope that the United States will recognize China’s full market economy status, lift restrictions on commodity and technology exports to China and correct the wrong practices of trade protectionism. Increasing exports to China, instead of restricting imports from China, is the right course of action to solve trade imbalances.// Passage 3 泰山的每个季节都有独特的魅力。春天，绿茵茵的山坡上，争奇斗妍的花朵到处可见。 3 夏天泰山的雷暴雨堪称奇观。秋天，枫树叶漫山遍野，蔚蓝色的河水川流不息。冬天，雪盖 群峰松披霜，景观素雅悲壮，别有一番情趣。喜逢艳阳日，极目远眺，重峦叠嶂，尽收眼帘。 // 但遇天阴时，环顾四周，苍茫大地，尽入云海。泰山的日出与日落，闻名遐尔。壮观的 自然风景以及不可计数的历史名胜，激发了古代文人墨客，为之舞文弄墨，创作了无数经典 佳作。泰山历来是画家骚客所钟情的聚集地。// Each season here has its beauty: bright flowers in full bloom covering the green slopes in spring, spectacular summer thunderstorms which are rarely seen elsewhere, blue rivers running across the mountains overlaid with red maple leaves in fall, and snow-capped mountains and frosted pine trees in winter that stage a quiet solemn spectacle of particular interest. On a clear day one can see the peaks rising one after another. // When the sky is overcast, the horizon disappears into a sea of clouds. Mount Tai is most famous for its spectacular sunrise and sunset. Its landscape and numerous historical sites have inspired many great classics of ancient writers, scholars and calligraphers. Mount Tai has long been the preferred gathering place of artists and poets.// Passage 4 北京观光客自然都会游览故宫和长城，这是因为故宫和长城是举世闻名的旅游景点。而 今天我却想向各位推荐北京第三大旅游场所，北京世界公园。北京世界公园于 90年代初在 北京兴建，是北京的最新旅游景点。这里游客那种“一日游尽天下景”的梦想便可成真。// 北京世界公园是规模雄踞亚洲同类公园之冠，所收微缩复制品的数量也堪称亚洲之最。 世界七大奇观以及 50个国家的约 100处历史名胜和自然景观均以微缩模型展出。占地面积 46.7公顷的世界公园分为 17处风景区，收集了亚洲、非洲、欧洲、南北美洲以及大洋洲的 主要名胜景点。// While the Palace Museum and the Great Wall, the two world-famous scenic spots, are known to all a must tourist destination for people visiting Beijing, today, I’d like to introduce to you the Beijing World Park, the third major tourist site in Beijing. Completed in the early 1990s, the Beijing World Park boasts the newest spot in Beijing, and here the visitors may realize their dream of “touring around the world in a day.”// The BeijingWorld Park is the largest park of its kind, with mini replicas on the largest scale in Asia. The Seven Wonders of the World and some 100 famous historical and natural sights from 50 countries are on display in miniature. The 46.7-hectare World Park features 17 scenic areas staging all the major tourist sites of Asia, Africa, Europe, Americas and Oceania.// Passage 5 20国集团会议机制，涵盖了世界最主要的发达国家、发展中国家和转轨国家，成员国 人口占世界总人口的 2/3，国内生产总值占世界国内生产总值的 90%以上，对外贸易额占世 界贸易额的 80%，是一个具有广泛代性的重要国际经济论坛。// 在当前国际形势下，20国集团各成员应该在平等互利、求同存异、灵活务实的基础上 开展对话，加强同其他国际和区域经济机构的交流合作，以增进互信、扩大共识、协调行动， 在健全国际经济贸易体制和规则、完善国际经济金融体系、加强南北对话和合作、促进全球 减贫和发展等方面，发挥更大、更积极的实质性作用。// The G20 mechanism has included in its members the primary players of both developed and developing countries as well as those in transition. Measured by population size, they account for 4 two thirds of the world total; by GDP, over 90 percent, and by foreign trade, 80 percent. All this has made it a widely representative and influential international economic forum.// In light of the current international context, G20 members must engage in flexible and pragmatic dialogues on the basis of equality and mutual benefits, seeking common ground while shelving differences. Meanwhile, they must also increases exchanges and cooperation with other regional and international economic institutions to build trust, expand consensus and coordinate actions. All this will give them bigger and more active roles that can have a real impact on ameliorating the international trading systems and rules, improving the international economic and financial structures, enhancing North-South dialogue and cooperation and facilitating global efforts in poverty reduction and development.// Passage 6 中国是一个有着 5000多年悠久历史的文明古国。长期以来，中国人民以自己的勤劳智 慧创造了灿烂的中华文明，为人类文明进步作出了重大贡献。北京就是一座有 3000多年悠 久历史的文明古城，800多年前北京开始建都。// 离今晚会场人民大会堂不远的地方，就是举世闻名的故宫。故宫始建于 600年前，是世 界上现存最大最完整的古代宫殿建筑群。从历史悠久的北京和建筑精美的故宫这些缩影中， 人们就能够生动地感受到中华文明源远流长、博大精深的深厚底蕴，感受到中华民族自强不 息、顽强奋进的壮阔历程。// China is an ancient civilization with a history of over 5,000 years. The Chinese people have made major contribution to human progress by creating the splendid Chinese civilization with hard work and ingenuity. The city of Beijing, with its long history of over 3,000 years, stands testimony to that effort. Its establishment as the capital city began over 800 years ago. // A short distance from the Great Hall of the People, where we are meeting right now, is the world-renowned Imperial Palace. First built some 600 years ago, it is the largest and most complete existing architectural complex of ancient royal palace in the world. From the time-honored capital and its majestic palace, people can feel vividly the long standing and profound richness of the Chinese civilization, and the grand course of historical development that the Chinese nation has followed with a dauntless and dashing spirit.// Passage 7 上海的字面意思是指“海上之埠”，简称“沪”，别称“申”。上海面积为 6340平方公里， 占全国总面积的 0.06%，属冲积平原，地势平坦，平均海拔高度为 4米，最高点大金山海拔 103.4，常住居民达 1700万。这是世界上最大的海港城市之一，也是中国最大的工业、商业、 金融、航运中心之一。// 这里有着世界上最快的陆地交通工具——磁悬浮列车和亚洲最高的高塔——东方明珠 塔，它们标志着上海的速度和高度。随着经济改革的日益深化，这座昔日被誉为远东金融、 经济和贸易中心的城市正在为促进长江三角洲的经济发展起着龙头作用。与此同时，上海以 她独特的风韵吸引着数百万计的海内外游客。作为一座国际大都市，上海的国际航班可直达 世界上 60多座城市。// Shanghai is literally named as “a port on the sea”. For historical reasons, this city has acquired two additional names for short, “Hu” and “Shen”. Shanghai occupies a soil deposit plain land of 6,340 altitude of 4 meters above sea level, the 103.4 meter Dajinshan being the summit of this land. About 17 million people register as the city’s permanent residents. Shanghai is one of the world’s 5 largest seaports and among China’s biggest industrial, commercial, financial and shipping centers. // Here you will see the world’s fastest means of land transportation, the maglev train, and the tallest tower in Asia, the Oriental Pearl Tower, marking metaphorically the speed and height of Shanghai. With its deepening economic reform, this city, formerly crowned as the financial, economic and trade hub of the Far East, is playing a leading role in boosting economic development in the Yangtze River Delta. Meanwhile, Shanghai has attracted millions of Chinese and overseas tourists with its unique charm. As an international metropolis, Shanghai provides direct flights to more than 60 cities in the world.// Passage 8 中国是个多宗教的国家。主要宗教有佛教、道教、伊斯兰教、天主教和基督教。佛教在 中国已有 2000多年的历史。现在中国有佛教寺院 1.3万余座，出家僧尼约 20万人。道教发 源于中国，已有 1700多年历史。中国现有道教宫观 1500余座，乾道、坤道 2.5万余人。伊 斯兰教于公元 7世纪传入中国。// 回族、维吾尔族等 10个少数民族中的群众信仰伊斯兰教。这些少数民族总人口约 1800 万，现有清真寺 3万余座，伊玛目、阿訇 4万余人。天主教自公元 7世纪起传入中国。中国 现有天主教徒约 400万人，教职人员约 4000人，教堂、会所 4600余座。基督教于公元 19 世纪初传入中国。中国现有基督徒约 1000万人，教牧传道人员 1.8万余人，教堂、会所 1.2 万余座。// China is a country with a great diversity of religious beliefs. The main religions are Buddhism, Taoism, Islam, Catholicism and Protestantism. Buddhism enjoys a history of 2,000 years in China. Currently China has 13,000-some Buddhist temples and about 200,000 Buddhist monks and nuns. Taoism, native to China, has a history of more than 1,700 years. China now has over 1,500 Taoist temples and more than 25,000 Taoist priests and nuns. Islam was introduced into China in the seventh century. // In China there are ten minorities, including the Hui and Uygur, with a total population of 18 million, whose faith is Islam. Their 30,000-odd mosques are served by 40,000 Imams andAkhunds. Catholicism was introduced into China in the 7th century. At present, China has four million Catholics, 4,000 priests and more than 4,600 churches and meeting houses. Protestantism was first brought to China in the early 19th century. There are about 10 million Protestants, more than 18,000 clergy, more than 12,000 churches and meeting houses throughout China.// Passage 9 素有“江南第一学府”之美誉的复旦大学已经成为一个包容文、理、工、医等学科的综 合性大学。一个世纪以来，一代又一代的复旦人秉承“爱国、奉献、求实、创新”的精神， 以丰富的想像力、活跃的创造力和卓有成效的实践，在中国高等教育发展史上留下了深深的 足迹。// 同时，为人类的文明和社会的进步，为民族的振兴和国家的强盛，为上海的经济发展和 文化繁荣作出了重要的贡献。当前，复旦大学正在大力推进学科建设和教学改革，提高办学 质量和效益，全面提升复旦学术研究的知名度和影响力。// Fudan University, renowned without fail as the best university south of the Yangtze River, has become a comprehensive university with a complete range of disciplines in liberal arts, science, engineering and medicine. For the past one hundred years, the spirit of "patriotism, dedication, 6 truth-seeking and innovation" has guided the Fudan people generation after generation. With its rich imagination, active creativity and effectual practice, Fudan has set up milestones in the history of China's higher education.// And it has contributed profusely to the progress of humanity and society, to the rejuvenation and prosperity of our nation, as well as to the economic and cultural prosperity of Shanghai. Currently, Fudan University is working hard in the hope of spurring discipline- construction and education reform, and improving education quality and efficiency, and elevating Fudan's academic influence and visibility in all dimensions.// Passage 10 上海博物馆新馆建筑总面积 38 000平方米，由地下两层、地上 5层构成，建筑高度 29．5米。这座壮观的新馆将方体基座和巨型圆顶及 4个拱形出挑结合起来，象征着传统文 化与时代精神的完美融合。从高处俯瞰，上海博物馆的玻璃圆顶犹如一面硕大的汉代铜镜。 从远处眺望，新馆建筑犹如一尊青铜古鼎，默默承载着 5 000年历史和文明的重荷。// 上海博物馆南面大门的两侧，耸立着 8尊汉白玉雕塑。这是从 300多件汉、唐雕塑文物 中遴选出 8件作品加以仿制放大，每件高近 3米，重约 20吨，极具庄严雄浑之气。传统文 化与现代风格的完美结合，在室内装饰上也得以充分体现。// The new site of the Shanghai Museum has a construction space of 38,000 square meters with two floors underground and five floors above the ground with a height of 29.5 meters. This grand new building, structured with a square base and a circular top with four arch-shaped handles erected on it, symbolizes the perfect fusion of China's traditional culture and the spirit of modern times. When viewed from above, the circular top with a glass dome in the center looks like a huge bronze mirror of the Han Dynasty. When viewed at a distance, the whole building resembles an ancient bronze ding tripod, shouldering in silence the heavy weight of the five-thousand-year Chinese history and civilization. // The southern entrance of the Shanghai Museum is flanked by eight dignified mighty animals in white-marble sculpture, each with a height of close to three meters and a weight of about twenty tons. These eight sculptures were modeled and magnified after the prototypes carefully selected from over 300 stone and bronze sculpture relics of the Han, Northern and Southern, Sui and Tang Dynasties collected in the museum. The museum's perfect combination of traditional culture and modern architectural style is also fully captured by the interior decoration of the museum.// Passage 11 欧洲是交响乐之乡，也是歌剧之乡，是许多杰出作曲家的摇篮。中国也有歌剧，那就是 京剧。京剧起源于 200年前清朝时期的北京。京剧是一种集歌剧表演、歌唱、音乐、舞蹈和 武术于一体的表演艺术。我们的服装展览会将展示这个“东方歌剧”历时 200年的发展史， 以及源自清朝后期的舞台服饰。// 服饰设计采用了夸张性和象征性的手法，色彩明亮鲜艳，用料独特，裁剪别致。另一场 展览将展出 600套服饰，其中有秦汉以来不同朝代的古装，有我国少数民族服装，也有现代 服饰。我国的名模将登台表演，展示我国服装业和服装设计师的成就。// Europe is the home to symphonic music and also home to opera. It has been a cradle of many brilliant music composers. China has opera, too. That's Peking Opera, which originated from Beijing some 200 years ago during the Qing Dynasty. It's a performing art that embraces opera performance, singing, music, dancing and martial arts. The costume exposition will present 200 7 years of development of this "Oriental Opera" and the performance costumes dating to the late Qing Dynasty. // The costume design adopted exaggeration and symbolic means and bright colors. The materials are unique, so are the tailoring skills. Another exhibition will display a total of 600 sets of clothes, including the ancient clothes of different dynasties from the Qin and Han, the costumes of China's ethnic groups, and modern garments and accessories. Famous models from China will participate to present the achievements of the Chinese garment industry and Chinese designers.// Passage 12 中国人民自古以来的哲学思想就是“和为贵”、“和而不同”，我们历来主张中美两国文 明虽有不同，却不相斥；虽有差异，却能交融。作为世界上有重要影响的大国，中美应该相 互尊重、相互学习、求同存异、取长补短，为不同国家、不同文明之间和谐共存、进行建设 性合作树立榜样，为实现人类的共同发展作出贡献。去年 8月，美国波士顿斯诺敦公立高中 的 9名学生来到中国，到河北和北京与中国学生开展了为期半个月的“美中城市学生看中国” 活动。// 活动中，两国学生克服语言和文化障碍，超越习俗和偏见，通过沟通和互动，结下了深 厚的友谊。美国学生学会了唱中国歌曲《茉莉花》、画中国山水画。“我们喜欢中国!”是他 们由衷的心声。中国学生练就了的美式发音，还学会了跳美国街舞。依依惜别之时，两 国学生彼此承诺：努力学习，健康成长，未来再相会。// Since ancient times, China's prevailing philosophy has been one that preaches "peace is most precious" and "harmony without uniformity." We always believe that though the Chinese and U. S. civilizations are different, they can easily get along with each other instead of repelling each other. As major countries of global influence, China and the United States should respect and learn from each other, seek common ground while shelving differences, and complement each other with respective strengths. In so doing, we can set a good example for different countries and civilizations to live side by side harmoniously and engage in constructive cooperation, making a contribution to the common development of humanity. Last August, nine U.S. students from Snowden National School in Boston joined Chinese students in Hebei and Beijing in a 15-day program entitled “U. S. and Chinese City Students View China.”// During the program, the students overcame language and cultural barriers, rose above perhaps one-sided views, and forged deep friendship through communication and interaction. The U.S. students learnt to sing the Chinese song “Jasmine” and paint landscape with Chinese brushes. “We like China.” These are words from the bottom of their hearts. The Chinese students learnt quite standard American English pronunciation and the American hip-hop. When it came to the time of parting, the students promised to each other that they would study hard, keep fit and meet again in the future.// Passage 13 中国人认为，太极是天地万物之根源。太极分为阴阳二气，阴阳二气产生木、火、土、 金、水这五行。五行代表或作用于人体器官，即火对 心，木对肝，土对脾胃，金对肺，水 对。肾。阴阳化合而生万物，太极则代表了阴阳调和。// 长期以来，世界只知道中国有指南针、火药、造纸和活字印刷四大发明。几乎很少有人 知道中国已发现了经络的存在。经络是指人体内血气运行通路的主干与分支网络，针刺穴位 散布其间。北京经络研究中心通过现代科学方法，已经证实了经络的存在。经络的发现无疑 8 是为《易经》和《黄帝内经》的理论提供了强有力的佐证。 We Chinese believe that taiji is the origin of all lives on Earth. Taiji comprises yin and yang, two types of vital energy. The five elements of wood, fire, earth, metal and water derive from yin and yang. These five elements correspond to, or affect, particular human organs. That is, the element of the fire corresponds to the heart, the wood to the liver, the earth to the spleen and the stomach, the metal to the lung and the water to the kidney. The combination of yin and yang gives birth to all lives on Earth. Taiji represents the harmonious state of balance between yin and yang.// For a long time, the rest of the world was only aware of China's four major inventions: the compass, gunpowder, paper-making and movable-type printing. Very few know about China's discovery of jingluo that exists in a human body. Jingluo is a system of internal main and collateral channels, regarded as a network of energy passages, along which acupuncture points are distributed. The existence of jingluo has been proved by using modern scientific methods at the Beijing Jingluo Research Center. The discovery of the existence of jingluo provides a strong support for the theories advanced in The Book of Changes and Huang Di's Classic of Internal Medicine.// Passage 14 鲁菜通常较咸，汁色普遍较浅。鲁菜注重选料，精于刀工，善于炊技。作为我国北方菜 系的代表，鲁菜烹饪技术广泛用于明清两代的宫廷菜。川菜选料范围大，调味及炊技变化多 样。据统计，川菜的品种在五千种以上。川菜最大的特点是口味重，以麻辣著称。// 最难归类的粤菜强调轻炒浅煮，选料似乎不受限制。粤菜源于明清，在发展过程中不仅 吸收借鉴了中国北方烹调和西餐烹调的精华，同时也保持了自己的传统特色。扬州菜以江苏 省境内的扬州、南京、苏州等地的地方菜式为基础之大成。扬州菜注重选料的原汁原味，在 菜的装饰上讲究形态的艺术性和颜色的鲜艳性，扬州菜实际上糅合了南北菜系之精华。也有 人以八个字来归纳这四大菜系的口味特点，即“南淡北咸，东甜西辣”。// Shandong cuisine is generally salty, with a prevalence of light-colored sauces. The dishes feature choice of materials, adept technique in slicing and perfect cooking skills. Shandong cuisine is representative of northern China's cooking and its technique has been widely absorbed by the imperial dishes of the Ming (1368-1644) and Qing (1644 - 1911) dynasties. Sichuan cuisine features a wide range of materials, various seasonings and different cooking techniques. Statistics show that the number of Sichuan dishes has surpassed 5,000. With a rich variety of strong flavors, Sichuan food is famous for its numerous varieties of delicacies, dominated by peppery and chili flavors and best known for being spicy-hot.// Cantonese cuisine, the hardest to categorize, emphasizes light cooking with seemingly limitless range of ingredients. Cantonese cuisine took shape in the Ming and Qing dynasties. In the process of its development, it has borrowed the culinary essence of northern China and of the Western-style food, while maintaining its traditional local flavor. Yangzhou cuisine bases itself largely on the three local cooking styles of Yangzhou, Nanjing and Suzhou, all within Jiangsu Province. While emphasizing the original flavors of well-chosen materials, it features carefully selected ingredients, also, the artistic shape and bright colors of the dishes and more ornamental value. Yangz