《环境科学专业英语》专业词汇

《环境科学专业英语》专业词汇unit1：环境科学与工程environmentalengineeringandscience；排污权交易pollutiondischargerighttrade；修复技术restorationtechnique；臭氧消耗物质ozoneconsumptionmaterial；.地下水subsurfacewater；人口增长populationgrowth；卫生设施与基础设施healthfacilitiesandinfrastructure；环境健康风险environmentalhealthrisk；IPCC政府间气候变化专门委员会IntergovernmentalPanelonClimateChange.CFCs氯氟烃chlorofluorocarbon；安全的饮用水safedrinkingwater；温室气体greenhousegas；酸雨acidrain；城市化urbanization；工业废弃地derelictindustrialland；臭氧层chemosphere；全球大气污染theglobalairpollution；全球变暖的趋势thetrendofglobalwarming；污染物的传输contaminanttransport；污染预防pollutionpreventionunit4：1.完整性和可持续性integrityandsustainability；2.退化与受损的生态系统theecosystemhasbeendegradedanddamaged；3.生态系统的结构、组成和功能theecosystem’sstructure,compositionandfunctioning；4.恢复原始的景观recoveritspredisturbancestate；5.文化信仰与习俗culturalbeliefsandcustoms；6.indigenousspecies本土物种；7.opportunistspecies优势种；8.自然作用thefunctionofnature；9.火山爆发volcaniceruption；10.历史轨迹historictrajectory；11.基础的生态学数据baselineecologicaldata；12.预测模型predictivemodels；13.外来入侵物种alieninvasivespecies；14.生态修复EcologicalRestoration；15.恢复生态学RestorationEcology；16.全球变化globalchanging；17.监控方法themonitoringfunction；18.在干扰之前inpredisturbance；19.根据…制图bechartedfrom；20.集体的决定collectivedecisionUnit7:1、案头研究与野外调查相结合的办法Acombinedmethodofdeskstudyandfieldstudy2、法定限值statutorythresholdvalue；3、地图、表格、曲线与照片的利用Theuseofmaps,graphs/charts,tablesandphotographs；4、环境影响评价法ThelawofEnvironmentalimpactassessment；5、影响预测impactprediction；6、减缓措施mitigationmeasures；7、背景研究baselinestudies；8、环境要素与环境受体environmentalcomponentsandenvironmentalreceptors9、项目说明书projectspecification；10、累积影响cumulativeimpacts；11、环境影响报告书EnvironmentalImpactStatement12、ERAEnvironmentalriskassessment；13、residualimpacts潜在的影响；14、项目施工期construtionphase；15、可替代的生产技术的选择Selectionofalternativeproductiontechniques；16、定性分析与定量分析相结合Combineofqualitativeassessmentandquantitativeassessment；17、基础basecase18、监控程序monitoringprocedures；19、图分析flowchartanalysis；20、事件树分析eventtreeanalysis；Unit12:1.城市污水的处理深度；treatmentlevelsofmunicipalsewage；2.排放许可pischargepermits；3.单元操作；unitoprations；4.单元过程；unitprocess；5.污水预处理；preliminarytereatmentofsewage；6.污水一级处理；primarytreatmentofsewage；7.污水二级处理；secondarytreatmentofsewage；8.污水三级处理；tertizrytreatmentofsewage；9.污水高级处理；advancedtreatmentofsweage；10.生物营养物去除；biologicalnutrientremoval；11.氮和磷；nitrogenandphosphorus；12.BOD；biologicaloxygendemand；13.TSStotalsuspendedsolids；14.污水消毒；sweagedisinfection；15.VOCvolationorganiccompound挥发性有机物；16.紫外线消毒；UVradiationdisinfection；17.下水道溢流；sewerverflow；18.大肠菌；colliformbacteria；19.回流returnflow；20.过滤filtration；21.城市污水处理厂municipalsewageplants；22.市政工程municipalengineering；23.生物处理系统biologicaltreatmentsystems；24.有机物organicmatter；25.工程决断engineeringjudgement；26.当地法规localregulations；27.沉降作用sedimentation；28.可沉淀的颗粒物settleableparticles；29.反渗透reverseosmosis；30.膜生物反应器membranebioreactors；31.涡流分流器vortexseparators；32.污水净化sewageclarification；33.超滤ultrafiltration；34.出水水质waterqualityofeffluent；35.富营养化nutrientenrichment/eutrophication；36.点源污染pointsourcepollution；37.面源污染（非点源污染）nonpointsourcepollution；38.老化的基础设施aginginfrastructure；39.紫外灯UVlamp；40.土地处理过程landtreatmentprocess环境科学与工程专业词汇包括环境学总论、环境地学、环境生物学、环境化学、环境物理学、环境工程学、环境医学、环境经济学、环境管理学、环境法学、环境教育等11大类。环境学总论原生环境primaryenvironment次生环境secondaryenvironment生态示范区ecologicaldemonstratearea环境地质学environmentalgeology环境地球化学environmentalgeo-chemistry环境土壤学environmentalsoilscience环境微生物学environmentalmicrobiology环境危机environmentalcrisis环境保护environmentalprotection环境预测environmentalforecasting环境自净environmentalself-purification环境效应environmentaleffect环境容量environmentalcapacity环境演化evolutionofenvironment环境舒适度environmentalcomfort环境背景值（本底值）environmentalbackgroundvalue环境保护产业（环保产业）environmentalproductionindustry环境壁垒（绿色壁垒）environmentalbarrier绿色革命greenrevolution可持续发展sustainabledevelopment第三类环境问（社会环境问题）thethirdenvironmentalproblem悬浮物suspendedsolids一次污染物primarypollutant二次污染物secondarypollutant全球性污染globalpollution排污收费pollutioncharge可更新资源renewableresources不可更新资源non-renewableresources自然保护区naturalreservearea防护林protectionforest公害publicnuisance矿山公害miningnuisance工业废水industrialwastewater矿山废水miningdrainage生活饮用水domesticpotablewater草原退化grasslanddegeneration沙漠化desertification人口压力populationpressure人口净增率rateofpopulation全球环境监测系统globalenvironmentmonitoringsystemGEMS中国环境保护工作方针Chinesepolicyforenvironmentprotection“三同时”原则principleof“thethreeatthesametime”二噁英公害dioxinenuisance马斯河谷烟雾事件disasterinMeuseValley多诺拉烟雾事件disasterinDonora伦敦烟雾事件disasterinLondon水俣病事件minamatadiseaseincident骨痛病事件itai-itaidisasterincident洛杉矶光化学烟雾事件LosAngelesphotochemicalsmogepisode四日市哮喘事件Yokkaichiasthmaepisode米糠油事件Yushodiseaseincident环境地学水圈hydrosphere水循环watercirculation地面水（地表水）surfacewater水位waterlevel下渗（入渗）sinking蒸发evaporation最高水位highestwaterlevel最低水位lowestwaterlevel平均水位averagewaterlevel警戒水位warningwaterlevel流速flowvelocity流量discharge洪水期floodseason枯水期low-waterseason冲刷washout含水层aquifer隔水层（不透水层）aquiclude透水层permeablestratum层间水interlayerwater承压水（有压层间水）confinedwater或自流水artesianwater孔隙水voidwater岩溶水（喀斯特水）karstwater径流runoffflow地表径流runoff地下水groundwater流域保护waterbasinprotection淡水freshwater咸水saltwater降水precipitation沉淀降水量amountofprecipitation降水强度intensityofprecipitation水环境容量carryingcapacityofwaterenvironment水土流失（土壤侵蚀）soilandwaterloss点源污染pointsourcepollution面源污染non-pointsourcepollution扩散diffusion涡流eddycurrent涡流扩散eddydiffusion富营养化废水eutrophicwaste-water污水sewage漫灌floodirritation水底沉积物（底质或底泥）benthaldeposit总固体totalsolids悬浮固体suspendedsolids总溶解固体totaldissolvedsolids河流复氧常数constantofriverreoxygenation湖泊酸化lakeacidification富营养化eutrophication富营养湖eutrophiclake中营养湖mesotrophiclake贫营养湖oligotrophiclake水库reservoir海洋处置seadisposal海底采样seafloorsample赤潮（红潮）redtide海水淡化desalinationofseawater海底沉积物seabottomsediment海洋倾倒oceandumping水质waterquality水资源综合利用waterresourceintegratedutilization水土保持soilandwaterconservation河道整治channelimprovement水污染毒性生物评价biologicalassessmentofwaterpollutiontoxicity水利工程hydro-engineering水体自净self-purificationofwaterbody水环境保护功能区（水质功能区）functionaldistrictofwaterenvironment土地处理系统landtreatmentsystem土地沙漠化landdesertification土壤肥力soilfertility土壤酸碱度soilacidityandalkalinity土壤污染防治preventionandtreatmentofsoilpollution土壤盐渍化（土壤盐碱化）soilsalination土壤酸化soilacidification母质（土壤母质或成土母质）parentmaterial土壤剖面soilprofile腐殖质化humification淋溶作用leaching土壤改良soilimprovement土壤粒级soilseparate土壤质地soiltexture缓冲作用buffering/bufferaction缓冲剂bufferingagent/buffer缓冲容量buffercapacity盐基饱和度basesaturationpercentage灌溉irrigation富里酸fuvicacid胡敏素humin土壤团聚体soilaggregate土壤退化（土壤贫瘠化）soildegeneration土壤地带性soilzonality污水灌溉wastewaterirrigation臭氧层ozonelayer降水precipitation降水量rainfall降水强度 precipitationintensity大气环境容量atmosphericenvironmentalcapacity事后评价afterwardsassessment烟尘消除eliminationofsmokeanddust温室效应greenhouseeffect大气扩散atmosphericdiffusion烟羽（烟流或羽流）plume逆温inversion环境生物学生境habitat耐受极限limitsoftolerance最小因子定律lawofminimum生物检测bioassay环境胁迫environmentalstress生物多样性bio-diversity生态位niche生命周期lifecycle生态型ecotype自养生物autotrophy异养生物heterotroph指数增长exponentialgrowth互利共生mutualism偏利共生commensalisms寄生parasitism衍生物derivative杀虫剂insecticide杀菌剂fungicide除草剂herbicide防腐剂preservative杀鼠剂rodenticide无残留农药non-persistentpesticide植物性农药phytopesticide污水灌溉sewageirrigation世界自然历史遗产保护地worldnaturalandhistoricalheritagesite储量stock过度捕获over-hunting;over-fishing猎（渔）期openseason农业残渣agriculturaldregs赤潮redtide藻花algaebloom/水花waterbloom原生污染物primarypollutant次生污染物secondarypollutant急性毒性实验acutetoxicitytest慢性毒性实验chronictoxicitytest预备实验screeningtest;range-findingtest;preliminarytest稀释dilution归宿fate生物积累bioaccumulation生物浓缩bioconcentration生物放大biomagnification生物降解biologicaldegradation;biodegradation生物营养物质bioticnutrient多污生物带polysaprobiczone中污生物带mesosaprobiczone寡污生物带oligosaprobiczone敏感种sensitivespecies;intolerantorganism耐污种tolerantspecies生物滤池biologicalfilter净化塘/氧化塘/生物塘purificationpond生物膜biomembrane;biologicalfilm轮作croprotation间作intercropping套种interplanting基塘模式farmlandandfishpondmodel防护林带shelterbelt沼气marshgas农家肥farmmanure堆肥piledmanure城市热岛效应urbanheatislandeffect城市生态规划urbanecologicalplanning环境激素endocrinedisruptingchemicals;endocrinedisruptors边缘效应edgeeffect生态恢复ecologicalrestoration恢复生态学restorationecological环境化学甲基汞methylmercury镉米cadmiumrice农药残留pesticideresidue有机氯农药organochlorinepesticide有机磷农药organophosphorouspesticide氨基甲酸酯杀虫剂carbamateinsecticide拟除虫菊酯杀虫剂pyrethroidinsecticide植物生长调节剂growthregulator化学致癌物chemicalcarcinogen表面活性剂surfactant多氯联苯类polychlorinatedbiphenyls;PCBs多环芳烃类polyaromtichydrocarbon;PAH催化（催化作用）catalysis臭氧化ozonization光化学氧化剂photochemicaloxidant过氧乙酰硝酸酯peroxyacetylnitrate；PAN干沉降drydeposition湿沉降wetdeposition光化学烟雾photochemicalsmog大气光化学atmosphericphotochemistry降水化学precipitationchemistry气溶胶化学aerosolchemistry悬浮颗粒物suspendedparticulate总悬浮颗粒物totalsuspendedparticulates(TSP)飘尘（可吸入颗粒物或可吸入尘）airborneparticle降尘（落尘）dustfall；fallingdust气溶胶aerosol水质waterquality盐度salinity氧化还原电位oxidation-reductionpotential；redoxpotential溶解氧dissolvedoxygen化学需氧量chemicaloxygendemand生化需氧量biochemicaloxygendemand总有机碳totalorganiccarbon溶解度solubility聚集aggregation絮凝flocculation凝聚coagulation离子交换ionexchange萃取extraction缓冲溶液buffersolution氧平衡模式（氧垂曲线）oxygenbalancemodel吸收剂(吸附剂)absorbent活性炭activecarbon氧化剂oxidant还原剂reductant胶团micelle胶体溶液colloidalsolution脱硫剂desulfurizationagent电渗析electrodialysis萃取剂extractingagent过滤filter絮凝剂flocculant；flocculatingagent无机絮凝剂inorganicflocculant有机高分子絮凝剂organicpolymerflocculant中和法neutralization反渗透膜reverseosmosismembrane硅胶silicagel蒸汽蒸馏steamdistillation超滤膜ultrafiltermembrane灵敏度sensitivity准确度accuracy精密度precision可靠性reliability检测限detectionlimit相对误差relativeerror绝对误差absoluteerror偶然误差accidentalerror平均偏差meandeviation采样误差samplingerror标准溶液standardsolution标准物质standardsubstance允许误差allowableerror允许浓度allowableconcentration微量分析microanalysis痕量分析traceanalysis现场分析in-situanalysis仪器分析instrumentalanalysis水质分析waterqualityanalysis比色分析colorimetricanalysis沉降分析sedimentationanalysis自动分析automaticanalysis原子吸收分光光度法atomicabsorptionspectrophotometry原子吸收分光光度计atomicabsorptionspectrophotometer原子荧光光谱法atomicfluorescencespectrometry原子荧光光谱仪atomicfluorescencespectrometer电化学分析法electrochemicalmethod高效液相色谱法highperformanceliquidchromatography高效液相色谱仪highperformanceliquidchromatograph气相色谱分析gaschromatography气相色谱仪gaschromatograph采样器sampler大气采样器airsampler底泥采样器sedimentsamplerpH计pHmeter湿度计hygrometer固定大气污染源stationarysourcesofairpollution移动大气污染源mobilesourcesofairpollution固定式水污染源stationarysourcesofwaterpollution移动式水污染源mobilesourcesofwaterpollution污染负荷pollutionload污染源调查surveyofpollutionsources无污染工艺pollution-freetechnology无污染装置 pollution-freeinstallation污染物总量控制totalamountcontrolofpollution水质参数waterqualityparameter水温watertemperature色度colorindex透明度transparency混浊度turbidity硬度hardness感官污染指标sensuouspollutionindex毒理学污染指标physicalpollutionindex化学污染指标chemicalpollutionindex细菌学污染指标bacteriologicalpollutionindex毒理学污染指标toxicologicalpollutionindex城市污水municipalsewage生活污水domesticsewage工业废水industrialwastewater常规分析指标indexofroutineanalysis环境监测environmentalmonitoring过程监测coursemonitoring污染物排放标准pollutiondischargestandard总量排放标准totalamountofpollutiondischargestandard优先监测prioritymonitoring环境优先污染物environmentalprioritypollutant总固体totalsolids可吸入微粒(可吸入尘和飘尘)inhaleparticles浊度计turbidimeter实验室质量控制laboratoryqualityconrol空白实验值blankvalue平行样duplicatesamples再现性(重现性)reproducibility重复性repeatability回收率recoveryrate检出限detectionlimit冷原子吸收法cold-vaporatomicabsorptionmethod紫外吸收光谱法ultravioletabsorptionspectrophotometry重量分析gravimetricanalysis内标法internalmarkermethod定性分析qualitativeanalysis定量分析quantitiveanalysis试样前处理pre-treatment均值meanvalue标准差standarderror方差variation回归分析regressionanalysis相关分析correlationanalysis相关系数correlationcoefficient系统误差systematicerror随机误差randomerror有效数字validfigure农药残留分析pesticideresidueanalysis排污收费effluentcharge室内空气污染indoorairpollution水体自净self-purificationofwaterbody水土保持soilandwaterconservation水土流失soilerosion土壤修复soil-remediation生物修复bioremediation光降解photodegradation温室气体greenhousegases总量收费totalquantitycharge超临界流体supercriticalfluid土壤采样soilpollution环境物理学光辐射(光)visibleradiation红外线infraredray紫外线ultravioletray灭菌灯bactericidallamp光污染lightpollution噪声污染noisepollution混响reverberation听力损失hearingloss绝对湿度absolutehumidity相对湿度relativehumidity饱和度saturationratio冷凝condensation露点温度dewpointtemperature热辐射thermalradiation比热specificheat空气调节airconditioning通风ventilation环境工程学环境污染综合防治integratedpreventionandcontrolofpollution环境功能区划environmentalfunctionzoning稀释比dilutionratio迁移transfer紊流扩散turbulentdiffusion氧亏(亏氧量)oxygendeficit复氧reaeration溶解氧下垂曲线dissolved-oxygensagcurve饱和溶解氧saturateddissolved无污染燃料pollution-freefuel燃烧combustion空气－燃料比air-to-fuelratio烟气分析analysisoffluegas煤的综合利用comprehensiveutilizationofcoal脱硫desulfurization除尘效率particlecollectionefficiency分割粒径cutdiameterforparticles压力损失（压力降）pressuredrop机械除尘器mechanicalcollector重力沉降室gravitysettlingchamber惯性除尘器inertialdustseparator旋风除尘器cyclonecollector回流式旋风除尘器reverse-flowcyclonecollector直流旋风除尘器straight-throughcyclonecollector多管旋风除尘器multiplecyclonecollector过滤除尘器filter袋式除尘器baghouse滤料filtrationmedia气布比air-to-clothratio机械振动清灰袋式除尘器baghousewithshakecleaning逆气流清灰袋式除尘器baghousewithreverse-flowcleaning脉冲喷吹清灰袋式除尘器baghousewithpulse-jetcleaning静电除尘electrostaticprecipitator(ESP)电晕放电coronadischarge驱进速度driftvelocity集尘极collectingelectrode板间距distancebetweencollectingelectrodes电极清灰removalofcollectedparticlefromelectrodes宽间距静电除尘器widespaceelectrostaticprecipitator高压脉冲静电除尘器pulsechargingelectrostaticprecipitator湿式静电除尘器wetelectrostaticprecipitator双区静电除尘器（两段式电除尘器）two-stageelectrostaticprecipitator湿式除尘器wetcollectorofparticulates重力喷雾洗涤器gravitationalsprayscrubber旋风洗涤器centrifugalscrubber中心喷雾旋风洗涤器]cyclonesprayscrubber泡沫洗涤塔foamtowerscrubber填料床洗涤器packedbedscrubber文丘里洗涤器venturiscrubber双膜理论two-filmtheory气膜控制gasfilmcontrol液膜控制liquidfilmcontrol穿透曲线breakthroughcurve催化剂catalyst催化剂中毒poisoningofcatalyst烟气脱硫fluegasdesulfurization(FGD)湿法脱硫wetprocessofFGD石灰－石灰石法脱硫desulfurizationbylimeandlimestone氨吸收法脱硫ammoniaprocessofFGD干法脱硫dryprocessFGD吸收法控制氮氧化物controlofNOxbyabsorption水吸收法脱氮controlofNOxbyabsorptionprocesswithwater酸吸收法脱氮controlofNOxbyabsorptionprocesswithacid碱吸收法脱氮controlofNOxbyabsorptionprocesswithalkali吸附法控制氮氧化物controlofNOxbyadsorption分子筛吸附法脱氮controlofNOxbyadsorptionprocesswithmolecularsieve硅胶吸附法脱氮controlofNOxbyadsorptionprocesswithsilicagel气体生物净化biotreatmentofgaseouspollutant生物过滤器biofilter汽车尾气污染pollutionofautomobileexhaustgal生物脱臭biotreatmentofoder集气罩capturehood烟囱有效排放高度effectiveheightofemmission清洁生产cleanerproduction矿山废水miningdrainage电镀废水electroplatingwastewater给水处理厂watertreatmentplant污水处理厂wastewatertreatment给水（污水）处理构筑物water（sewage）treatmentstructure污水集水井swagejoiningwell废水调节池wastewaterflowequalizationbasin格栅grill筛网gridscreen沉砂池gritsettlingtank曝气沉砂池aerationgritsettlingtank平流式沉砂池horizontalgritsettlingtank立式圆形沉砂池verticalcirculargritsettlingtank圆形周边运动沉砂池circularperimeterflowgritsettlingtank重力排砂gritdischargebygravity水力提升排砂gritdischargewithhydraulicelevator水力旋流器hydrauliccyclone沉淀池settlingtank重力沉淀池gravitysettlingtank浓缩式沉淀池thickeningsettlingtank斜板（斜管）沉淀池slopingplank(pipe)settlingtank辐流式沉淀池radialsettlingtank平流式沉淀池horizontalsettlingtank竖流式沉淀池verticalsettlingtank悬浮污泥澄清池suspendedsludgeclarifier脉冲澄清池pulseclarifier水力循环澄清池hydrauliccirculatingclarifier竖流折板絮凝池verticaltableflapflocculatingtank机械搅拌絮凝池mechanicalmixingflocculatingtank颗粒自由沉降particlefreesediment絮凝沉降flocculationsedimentation拥挤沉降hinderedsedimentation气浮池floatationbasin加压溶气气浮法pressuredissolved-airfloatation微电解法microelectroanalysis过滤池filter重力过滤法gravityfiltrationprocess压力过滤法pressurefiltrationprocess真空过滤法vacuumfiltrationprocess快滤池rapidfiltration慢滤池slowfiltration接触滤池contactfilter双向滤池bidirectionalfilter双层滤料滤池doublelayerfilter无阀滤池non-valvefilter虹吸滤池siphonfilter压力滤池pressurefilterV型滤池aquazurV-filter砂滤sandfiltration微滤机microstrainer滤池冲洗强度backwashingintensityoffilter滤层filtermateriallayer滤料承托层holdinglayerforfiltermaterial斜板隔油沉淀池oiltrapwithslopeplank冷却塔coolingtower湿式氧化法wetoxidationprocess反应池reactionbasin叶轮搅拌器turbinemixer膜分离法membraneseparationmethod半渗透膜semi-permeablemembrane电渗析electrodialysis反渗透reverseosmosis离子交换膜ionexchangemembrane萃取extraction汽提stripping吹脱法blow-offmethod臭氧氧化法ozonation臭氧发生器ozonator磁分离法magneticisolationmethod光催化氧化opticalcatalysisoxidation软化水处理softeningwatertreatment石灰－纯碱软化法lime-sodiumcarbonatesofteningmethod废水好氧/厌氧处理biologicalaerobic/anaerobictreatmentofwastewater微生物内源代谢microorganismintrinsicmetabolism微生物合成代谢microorganismsyntheticmetabolism基质分解代谢substratedegradationmetabolism活性污泥法activatedsludgeprocess回流污泥returnsludge剩余污泥surplussludge初次沉淀池primarysedimentationbasin曝气池aeration推流式曝气池plug-flowaerationbasin完全混合曝气池completelymixedaerationbasin二次沉淀池secondarysedimentationbasin污泥沉降比sludgesettlingratio污泥容积指数sludgevelumindex污泥负荷volumeloading普通活性污泥法conventionalactivatedsludgeprocess分段曝气法stepaerationmethod延时曝气法extendedaerationmethod加速曝气法accelerantaerationmethod深井曝气法deepwellaerationmethod纯氧曝气法oxygenaerationmethod鼓风曝气装置blastaerator扩散曝气设备diffusionaerator射流曝气设备effluxaerator机械曝气装置mechanicalaerator表面曝气装置surfaceaerator曝气时间aerationtime污泥龄sludgeage活性污泥培养activatedsludgeculture活性污泥驯化domesticationofactivatedsludge粉末炭活性炭法powderedcarbonactivatedsludgeprocess污泥膨胀sludgebulking生物滤池biologicalfilter高负荷生物滤池high-loadingbiologicalfilter水力负荷hydraulicloading有机负荷organicloading塔式生物滤池towerbiologicalfiler生物转盘biologicalrotatingdisc生物流化床biologicalfluidizedbed活性生物滤池activatedbiofilter化粪池septictank污水硝化脱氮处理nitrogenremovalfromwastewaterbynitrification污水反硝化脱氮处理nitrogenremovalfromwastewaterbydenitrification 污水硝化—反硝化脱氮处理nitrogenremovalfromwastewaterbynitridenitrification土地处理系统landtreatmentsystem氧化塘oxidationpond好氧塘aerobicpond兼性塘facultativepond厌氧塘anaerobicpond曝气氧化塘aeratedoxidationpondICEASintermittentcyclicextendedaerationsystem间歇循环延时曝气活性污泥法DAT-IAT工艺demandaerationtankintermittentaerationtanksystem(需氧池－间歇池)A1/O工艺anoxic/oxicA2/O工艺anaerobicoxicPhostrip工艺phostriopprocessBardenpho工艺BardenphoprocessPhoredox工艺PhoredoxprocessUCT工艺universityofcapetownVIP工艺Virginiainitiativeplant厌氧生物滤池(AF)anaerobicfilter厌氧接触法anaerobiccontactprocess厌氧生物转盘anaerobicbiologicalrotatingdisc两相厌氧消化two-phaseanaerobicdigest序批式间歇反应器seriesbatchreactor氧化沟oxidationditch上流式厌氧污泥床upflowanaerobicsludgeblanketMSBRmodifiedsequencingbatchreactor消毒disinfection灭菌sterilization加氯机chlorinator氯化消毒chlorizationdisinfection漂白粉消毒disinfectionbybleachingpowder紫外线消毒disinfectionwithultravioletrays加氯消毒disinfectionbychlorine液氯liquifiedchlorinegas需氯量chlorinedemand余氯chlorineresidual游离性余氯freechlorineresidual化合性余氯combinedchlorineresidual折点加氯chlorinationbreakpoint过氧化氢消毒disinfectionbyhydrogenperoxide除味tasteremoval除臭odorremoval脱色decoloration生污泥undigestedsludge熟污泥digestedsludge污泥处置disposalofsludge污泥综合利用comprehensiveutilizationofsludge真空过滤法vacuumflotationprocess污泥浓缩sludgethickening污泥消化sludgedigestion污泥脱水sludgedewatering污泥干化sludgedrying污泥焚烧sludgeincineration真空过滤机脱水dewateringbyvacuumfilter板框压滤机脱水dewateringbyplateframepressfilter辊轧式脱水机脱水dewateringbyrollpress带式压滤机脱水dewateringbybeltpressfilter离心式脱水机脱水dewateringbycentrifuge中温消化处理middletemperaturedigestivetreatment高温消化处理hightemperaturedigestivetreatment污泥堆肥发酵处理sludgecompostingandfermentation污泥浓缩池sludgethickener污泥消化池sludgedigestiontank污泥产气率gasproductionrateofsludge污泥干化场sludgedryingbed固体废物solidwastes城市生活垃圾municipalsolidwastes城市生活垃圾堆放处置法dumpingofmunicipalsolidwastes城市生活垃圾卫生填埋法sanitarylandfillingofmunicipalsolidwastes城市生活垃圾焚烧法incinerationofmunicipalsolidwastes城市生活垃圾分类sortingofmunicipalsolidwastes城市生活垃圾收集collectionofmunicipalsolidwastes垃圾收费refusetaxing废电池usedbattery有毒有害工业固体废物toxicindustrialwastes医疗废物healthcarewastes堆肥composting填埋场landfill渗滤液leachatetreatment焚烧炉incinerationfurnaces助燃空气系统airinjectionsystem余热利用heatutilization焚烧灰渣ash水泥固化技术cementsolidification石灰固化limesolidification沥青固化技术asphaltsolidification固体废物预处理preliminarytreatmentofsolidwastes破碎crushingofsolidwastes筛分screeningofsolidwastes风力分选windseparation放射性固体废物radioactivesolidwaste声级计soundlevelmeter消声室anechoicroom;anechoicchamber;deadroom混响室reverberationroom隔声soundinsulation吸声muffler环境医学环境卫生学environmentalhygiene环境毒理学environmentaltoxicology口蹄疫foot-and-mouthdisease流行病学epidemiology地方病endemicdisease氟斑牙dentalfluorosis职业病occupationaldisease慢性毒性chronictoxicity急性毒性acutetoxicity致癌物carcinogen变异variation病原体pathogen抗体antibody抗原antigen突变mutation病毒virus蓄积器官storageorgan致突变作用mutagenesis致畸作用teratogenesis致癌作用carcinogensis摄入量intakedose吸收量absorbeddose卫生标准healthstandard最高容许浓度maximumpermissibleconcentration致死量lethaldose半致死浓度medianlethalconcentration(LD50)剂量－反应关系dose-responserelationship恶臭offensiveodor协同作用synergism拮抗作用antagonism因果关系cause-effectrelationship相关关系correl